Edsel Salvaña: The dangerous evolution of HIV
Edsel Salvaña: Nebezpečná evoluce viru HIV
TED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic. Full bio
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and bluest skies on the planet.
a nejmodřejší oblohou na naší planetě.
HIV epidemics in the world.
epidemií viru HIV na světě.
as if we are just a late bloomer.
že k nám pouze HIV dorazilo později.
for our current epidemic
a global resurgence of HIV.
globálního oživení HIV.
continue to drop in the world,
obecně snižuje,
and resistant viruses arrive.
agresivnějších a odolnějších virů.
into a new and different virus
když nakazí buňku.
we've made in reversing the epidemic,
kterého jsme v odvrácení epidemie dosáhli,
viral mutations away from disaster.
virových mutací od katastrofy.
in which HIV transforms itself
jakým se virus HIV transformuje
pojďme udělat genetické porovnání.
among humans of different races
u lidí různých ras z různých kontinentů,
is only 0.1 percent.
a makaky rhesuskými,
and rhesus macaques,
between HIV subtypes
mezi podtypy viru HIV
infikovaného virem HIV
between an infecting mother virus
infikujícím mateřským virem
as much as five percent.
giving birth to a chimpanzee,
porodila šimpanze,
within its lifetime.
vše během svého života.
being discovered regularly.
is almost all of one subtype:
jeden podtyp HIV: podtyp B.
and do to treat HIV
a děláme pro léčbu HIV,
accounts for 12 percent
of cases of HIV in the world.
nakažení virem HIV na světě.
genetic difference
to become drug-resistant
stanou odolnými vůči lékům
of HIV cases in the Philippines
případů HIV na Filipínách
from the Western subtype B
Southeast Asian subtype AE.
z Jihovýchodní Asie.
in developed countries,
Canada and the United States.
a Spojených Států.
explosion of cases in these countries.
prudký vzestup případů v těchto zemích.
že problém viru HIV je vyřešený
it can come right back.
malaria was on the ropes.
malárie téměř vymýcena.
stopped paying attention.
of drug-resistant malaria.
malárie odolné vůči lékům.
that we think we've figured out,
že jsme ho vyřešili,
and highly unique viruses,
the next deadly epidemic.
novou smrtelnou epidemii.
more powerful and new tools
a výkonných nástrojů,
the next deadly HIV strain,
následující smrtelný druh HIV,
with urgent research
of non-B subtypes.
neodvozených od podtypu B.
a naše dotační agentury,
of an AIDS-free generation.
a dotáhnout věci do konce.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Edsel Salvaña - Infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologistTED Fellow Edsel Salvaña studies the genetics of HIV, and he worries that we are just a few mutations away from the next deadly pandemic.
Why you should listen
Dr. Edsel Salvaña discovered that the driving force behind a new AIDS epidemic in the Philippines is the entry and spread of a deadlier strain of HIV -- a situation that can easily occur anywhere in the world.
Salvaña is an infectious disease specialist, molecular epidemiologist and is the director of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology at the National Institutes of Health at the University of the Philippines in Manila. He is using next-generation sequencing and other cutting-edge genetic tools to study HIV viral diversity and superinfection. He is looking at how HIV develops drug resistance to better understand why his country suddenly has the fastest growing HIV epidemic in Asia; and why HIV treatment that works well in developed countries is failing on emerging HIV strains in the Philippines and resource-limited settings. He trains doctors in infectious diseases, and supervises the care of several thousand HIV patients at the Philippine General Hospital. He has been a national force in the formulation of HIV treatment guidelines, campaigning against stigma, and raising awareness.
Salvaña's advocacy work has been featured in Science, and he has been recognized with numerous national and international awards including the "Ten Outstanding Young Persons of the World" from JCI International and the Young Physician Leader Award from the Interacademy Medical Panel of the World Academy of Sciences. He was named a TED Fellow in 2017.
Edsel Salvaña | Speaker | TED.com