Ellen Jorgensen: What you need to know about CRISPR
Ellen Jorgensen: Was man über CRISPR wissen muss
Ellen Jorgensen is at the leading edge of the do-it-yourself biotechnology movement, bringing scientific exploration and understanding to the public. Full bio
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it's for genome editing --
das Genom zu verändern.
of really interesting conversations.
wiping out an entire species
für Menschen erachten,
is moving much faster
sich sehr viel schneller
that govern it.
in den letzten 6 Jahren
as possible understand
wie möglich verstehen,
and their implications.
of a huge media hype,
are "easy" and "cheap."
wie "einfach" und "billig".
a little bit deeper
and the realities around CRISPR.
von CRISPR betrachten.
ein Genom verändern wollen,
is damage the DNA.
of a double-strand break
processes kick in,
those repair processes
and something called a guide RNA.
und eine sogenannte guide-RNA
I love to anthropomorphize --
that's keeping it out of the genome
die Cas9 vom Genom solange fern hält,
where it matches.
is called CRISPR.
bacterial immune system.
bakteriellen Immunsystem.
is that the guide RNA,
daß die guide-RNA,
that is modular in the system;
and powerful system to use.
und mächtig im Einsatz.
protein complex together
guide-RNA-Proteinkomplex
where the guide RNA matches,
die zur guide-RNA passt.
of the double helix,
zwischen die Doppelstränge
of DNA that's broken.
and shoves the two pieces back together.
der DNA und fügt sie wieder zusammen.
sometimes a base drops out
knock out a gene,
ein Gen deaktivieren will,
to do genome editing.
ein Genom editieren wollen.
is a lot more interesting.
ist sehr viel interessanter.
organism like people,
from our mom and one from our dad,
von Mutter und Vater.
zur Reparatur gebraucht werden.
chromosome to repair it.
nun manipulieren,
whatever you want in the center
alles Mögliche einfügen.
you can stuff new DNA in,
scientific advances
der wissenschaftlichen Fortschritte,
is this modular targeting system.
das modulare Zielsystem.
into organisms for years, right?
unseres Organismus herummanipuliert.
targeting system,
exactly where we want it.
was wir wollen, einfügen.
a lot of talk about it being cheap
dass es billig sei,
that say stuff like,
die Dinge sagen, wie:
and engineer my genome?"
um mein Genom zu bearbeiten?"
I've heard it's easy."
es sei günstig und einfach."
materials for an experiment
eines Experiments
to hundreds of dollars,
to do the work in;
ein professionelles Labor.
outside of a professional lab.
nichts Vernünftiges zustande bringen.
on your kitchen table.
auf Ihrem Küchentisch tun können.
to do this kind of work.
diese Art von Arbeit zu machen.
there's a patent battle going on,
are in this incredible patent battle.
sind im Patentstreit involiert.
to watch it happen,
of fraudulent claims
my notebook here or there."
a really hefty licensing fee
saftige Lizenzgebühren dafür zu zahlen,
basic research and you've got a lab.
und ein Labor haben, ist es günstig.
Let's look at that claim.
Prüfen wir das mal an.
that much about cells.
wirklich viel über Zellen.
why some guide RNAs work really well
wieso manche guide-RNA gut
want to do one repair pathway
den einen Reparaturweg
of getting the system into the cell
ist es nicht so schwierig,
on a whole organism,
einen ganzen Organismus,
like blood or bone marrow --
Blut oder Knochenmark anwendet --
of a lot of research now.
eines kleinen Mädchens,
of some little girl
editiert und wieder eingefügt wurden.
and putting it back
that people are going to do.
forschen die Leute bereits.
into the whole body,
behandelt werden soll,
to have to use a virus.
you put the CRISPR into it,
effects of that are.
but they're still there.
over time with that?
die Fehler mit der Zeit?
that are trying to solve them,
sie zu beantworten.
hopefully, be solved.
letztlich beantwortet werden.
not by a long shot.
working it out in your particular system,
Ihrem speziellen System optimieren,
to make a particular thing happen
ganz bestimmte Ergebnisse
in the genome.
Stellen des Genoms erzielen können.
for an extra leg.
Das fände ich gut.
by thousands and thousands of scientists
von Wissenschaftlern genutzt,
of diseases in animals, for example,
von Krankheiten in Tieren,
that produce valuable chemicals
zur Herstellung wertvoller Stoffe,
production and fermentation vats,
Produktion in Bioreaktoren.
on what genes do.
was die Gene im Einzelnen tun.
we should be telling,
die wir über CRISPR erzählen sollten.
that the flashier aspects of it
dass die oberflächlichen Aspekte
to make CRISPR happen,
um CRISPR Wirklichkeit werden zu lassen.
are being supported by our society.
den Rückhalt der Gesellschaft.
a certain percentage of people
die es einigen Menschen erlaubt,
der Wissenschaft zu widmen.
zu Erfindern von CRISPR.
the shepherds of CRISPR.
about these types of technologies,
diese Technologien zu informieren,
the development of these technologies,
it's a positive outcome --
etwas Gutes herauskommt.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ellen Jorgensen - Biologist, community science advocateEllen Jorgensen is at the leading edge of the do-it-yourself biotechnology movement, bringing scientific exploration and understanding to the public.
Why you should listen
In 2009, after many years of working as a molecular biologist in the biotech industry, together with TED Fellow Oliver Medvedik, Jorgensen founded Genspace, a nonprofit community laboratory dedicated to promoting citizen science and access to biotechnology. Despite criticism that bioresearch should be left to the experts, the Brooklyn-based lab continues to thrive, providing educational outreach, cultural events and a platform for science innovation at the grassroots level. At the lab, amateur and professional scientists conduct award-winning research on projects as diverse as identifying microbes that live in Earth's atmosphere and (Jorgensen's own pet project) DNA-barcoding plants, to distinguish between species that look alike but may not be closely related evolutionarily. Fast Company magazine named Genspace one of the world's "Top 10 innovative companies in education."
Ellen Jorgensen | Speaker | TED.com