TEDxManhattanBeach
Eduardo Briceño: How to get better at the things you care about
Eduardo Briceño: 如何在你重视的事情上做的更好
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努力工作却无长进？你不是唯一的一个。不管是关于工作，为人父母还是兴趣爱好，教育管理者Eduardo Briceño向你揭示了一个如何做好现行事情的易行办法。他也分享了一些可以让你不断学习和永葆进步的实用技巧。
Eduardo Briceño - Learning expert
Eduardo Briceño is a learner, leader, speaker and writer devoted to enabling a more learning-oriented world. Full bio
Eduardo Briceño is a learner, leader, speaker and writer devoted to enabling a more learning-oriented world. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
这一辈子，
00:12
Most of us go through life trying
to do our best at whatever we do,
to do our best at whatever we do,
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不管是我们的工作事务、家庭琐事、学校任务，
或是其他，
或是其他，
00:16
whether it's our job, family, school
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00:19
or anything else.
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我们大都尽己所能，做到最好，
00:21
I feel that way. I try my best.
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我这么想，也这么做。
00:23
But some time ago, I came to a realization
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但是一段时间以前，我意识到，
00:26
that I wasn't getting much better
at the things I cared most about,
at the things I cared most about,
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我在我最在乎的事情上并没有进步，
00:30
whether it was being a husband or a friend
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不管是作为丈夫或是朋友，
00:33
or a professional or teammate,
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或是专家，或者队友。
00:36
and I wasn't improving
much at those things
much at those things
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即使我在这些事上花费了大量时间，
00:38
even though I was spending a lot of time
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做了很多努力，
00:40
working hard at them.
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我却没有太多进步。
00:43
I've since realized from conversations
I've had and from research
I've had and from research
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我之后在与他人的谈话和研究中意识到，
00:46
that this stagnation, despite hard work,
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这种白白耗费努力的停滞，
00:49
turns out to be pretty common.
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原来非常普遍。
00:51
So I'd like to share with you
some insights into why that is
some insights into why that is
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所以我想与大家分享一些，
00:53
and what we can all do about it.
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关于它为何发生和如何应对的见解。
00:56
What I've learned
is that the most effective people
is that the most effective people
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我所了解的是，无论哪个领域，
00:58
and teams in any domain
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最高效的个人和团队，
01:00
do something we can all emulate.
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都会做一件我们可以效仿的事情：
01:03
They go through life deliberately
alternating between two zones:
alternating between two zones:
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生活中，他们有意识的在两个区域转换：
01:07
the learning zone
and the performance zone.
and the performance zone.
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学习区和展现区。
01:10
The learning zone
is when our goal is to improve.
is when our goal is to improve.
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在学习区，我们希冀进步，
01:12
Then we do activities
designed for improvement,
designed for improvement,
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我们为了进步而计划行为，
01:15
concentrating on what
we haven't mastered yet,
we haven't mastered yet,
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将精力集中在那些我们还没有掌握的东西上，
01:18
which means we have to expect
to make mistakes,
to make mistakes,
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我们意识到自己会犯错，
01:20
knowing that we will learn from them.
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并且知道我们会从中汲取什么教训。
01:23
That is very different from what we do
when we're in our performance zone,
when we're in our performance zone,
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这和我们在展现区做的完全不同，
01:26
which is when our goal is to do something
as best as we can, to execute.
as best as we can, to execute.
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在展现区我们的目标是做到最好，去执行，
01:31
Then we concentrate
on what we have already mastered
on what we have already mastered
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我们在已经掌握的东西上集中精力，
01:33
and we try to minimize mistakes.
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并尽力把错误缩小。
01:36
Both of these zones
should be part of our lives,
should be part of our lives,
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这两个区域都应是我们生活的一部分，
01:39
but being clear about
when we want to be in each of them,
when we want to be in each of them,
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但是在进入区域之前，想清楚我们进的是哪个区，
01:42
with what goal, focus and expectations,
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我们的目标是什么、精力放在哪、有什么样的期望，
01:44
helps us better perform
and better improve.
and better improve.
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这会帮助我们更好的提升或表现
01:47
The performance zone maximizes
our immediate performance,
our immediate performance,
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在展现区将展现最大化，
01:50
while the learning zone
maximizes our growth
maximizes our growth
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在学习区将进步最大化
01:52
and our future performance.
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并在未来的展现中将其表现。
01:55
The reason many of us don't improve much
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我们努力工作却没有太多进步的原因，
01:57
despite our hard work
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是我们往往将时间都花在了展现区里。
01:59
is that we tend to spend almost
all of our time in the performance zone.
all of our time in the performance zone.
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这阻碍着我们的进步，
02:03
This hinders our growth,
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02:05
and ironically, over the long term,
also our performance.
also our performance.
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更讽刺的是，长久来看，这也影响着我们的展现。
02:10
So what does the learning zone look like?
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那学习区是什么样的呢？
02:12
Take Demosthenes, a political leader
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看看古希腊的政治领导者、
02:14
and the greatest orator
and lawyer in ancient Greece.
and lawyer in ancient Greece.
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最伟大的演说家、律师，狄摩西尼吧。
02:18
To become great,
he didn't spend all his time
he didn't spend all his time
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为了成就伟大，他没有把所有时间花费在仅仅作为演说家或者律师上--
02:21
just being an orator or a lawyer,
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02:24
which would be his performance zone.
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也就是他展现区的一部分。
02:26
But instead, he did activities
designed for improvement.
designed for improvement.
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反而，他为了进步规划行为，
02:29
Of course, he studied a lot.
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是的，他大量地学习。
02:31
He studied law and philosophy
with guidance from mentors,
with guidance from mentors,
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他不仅在导师的帮助下学习法律和哲学，
02:33
but he also realized that being a lawyer
involved persuading other people,
involved persuading other people,
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他还意识到了律师的职责包括说服他人，
02:38
so he also studied great speeches
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所以他研习了许多伟大的演说
02:40
and acting.
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和表演。
02:42
To get rid of an odd habit he had
of involuntarily lifting his shoulder,
of involuntarily lifting his shoulder,
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为了戒掉他不自主抬胳膊的习惯，
02:46
he practiced his speeches
in front of a mirror,
in front of a mirror,
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他在一面镜子前练习演说，
02:49
and he suspended a sword from the ceiling
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并将一把剑吊在房梁上，
02:52
so that if he raised his shoulder,
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这样如果他抬起了肩膀，
02:54
it would hurt.
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剑就会刺痛他。
02:55
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
02:57
To speak more clearly despite a lisp,
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为了发音清晰，
02:59
he went through his speeches
with stones in his mouth.
with stones in his mouth.
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他在演说时嘴里含着石头。
03:02
He built an underground room
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他还建造了一个地下室，
03:04
where he could practice
without interruptions
without interruptions
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这样他在练习的时候就不会被打扰，
03:06
and not disturb other people.
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也不会打扰到别人。
03:07
And since courts at the time
were very noisy,
were very noisy,
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因为那时候的法庭很嘈杂，
03:10
he also practiced by the ocean,
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对此他在海边练习，
03:11
projecting his voice
above the roar of the waves.
above the roar of the waves.
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保证声音在海浪的咆哮中清晰可听。
03:15
His activities in the learning zone
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他在学习区所做的行为，
03:17
were very different
from his activities in court,
from his activities in court,
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和他在法庭上的行为，也就是他展现区的行为，
03:19
his performance zone.
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远远不同。
03:21
In the learning zone,
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在学习区，
03:23
he did what Dr. Anders Ericsson
calls deliberate practice.
calls deliberate practice.
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安德斯•埃里克森博士称这种行为为“有意练习”，
03:25
This involves breaking down
abilities into component skills,
abilities into component skills,
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这种练习包括了将能力转化为所需技能，
03:29
being clear about what subskill
we're working to improve,
we're working to improve,
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对我们需要提升什么非主要技能非常清楚，
03:32
like keeping our shoulders down,
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就像狄摩西尼将肩膀放低，
03:34
giving full concentration
to a high level of challenge
to a high level of challenge
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还有将精力集中在我们舒适区之外、
03:37
outside our comfort zone,
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更高一级的挑战，
03:38
just beyond what we can currently do,
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做超越我们现在正做的事，
03:40
using frequent feedback
with repetition and adjustments,
with repetition and adjustments,
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在重复和调整中得到反馈，
03:44
and ideally engaging the guidance
of a skilled coach,
of a skilled coach,
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最好能得到熟练者的指导，
03:47
because activities
designed for improvement
designed for improvement
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因为为了进步而设定行为
03:49
are domain-specific,
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是件很内行的事。
好的老师和教练了解什么行为能带来进步，
03:50
and great teachers and coaches
know what those activities are
know what those activities are
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也能给我们专业的反馈。
03:53
and can also give us expert feedback.
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03:55
It is this type of practice
in the learning zone
in the learning zone
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学习区中，给我们带来很大的进步的，
03:58
which leads to substantial improvement,
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正是这样的练习，
04:00
not just time on task performing.
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而不是单纯的完成任务。
04:03
For example, research shows
that after the first couple of years
that after the first couple of years
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例如，研究表明，在某一行业最初工作的几年，
04:07
working in a profession,
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展现的进步会停滞。
04:08
performance usually plateaus.
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04:10
This has been shown to be true
in teaching, general medicine,
in teaching, general medicine,
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这已经在教育、普通内科、
04:13
nursing and other fields,
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护理和其他领域都到了印证，
04:15
and it happens because once we think
we have become good enough,
we have become good enough,
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我们一旦认为自己足够好、足够适合工作，
04:19
adequate,
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而停止学习，
04:20
then we stop spending time
in the learning zone.
in the learning zone.
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它就会发生在我们身上。
04:22
We focus all our time
on just doing our job,
on just doing our job,
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我们仅是把时间花费在完成工作上，
04:25
performing,
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也就是展现，
04:26
which turns out not to be
a great way to improve.
a great way to improve.
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这决不是进步的好方法。
04:29
But the people who continue
to spend time in the learning zone
to spend time in the learning zone
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而那些继续在学习区花费时间的人，
04:32
do continue to always improve.
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确实在不停进步。
04:34
The best salespeople at least once a week
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最好的推销员至少每周一次，
04:36
do activities with
the goal of improvement.
the goal of improvement.
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进行自我提高的活动。
04:39
They read to extend their knowledge,
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他们通过阅读拓展知识，
04:41
consult with colleagues or domain experts,
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与同事或行业专家交换意见，
04:43
try out new strategies,
solicit feedback and reflect.
solicit feedback and reflect.
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尝试新的策略、征集反馈并以此作出反应。
04:47
The best chess players
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最好的国际象棋棋手，
04:49
spend a lot of time
not playing games of chess,
not playing games of chess,
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并没有将大部分时间花在他们的表现区——
04:52
which would be their performance zone,
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也就是下象棋上，
04:54
but trying to predict the moves
grand masters made and analyzing them.
grand masters made and analyzing them.
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而是努力去预测象棋大师的着子并加以分析。
04:58
Each of us has probably spent
many, many, many hours
many, many, many hours
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我们在电脑打字上，
05:03
typing on a computer
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花费了很多时间
05:04
without getting faster,
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却没有打得更快，
05:06
but if we spent 10 to 20 minutes each day
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但是我们如果每天都能抽出10-20分钟，
05:09
fully concentrating
on typing 10 to 20 percent faster
on typing 10 to 20 percent faster
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全神贯注地提升打字速度，
05:12
than our current reliable speed,
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就比平常快上10%-20%，
05:14
we would get faster,
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我们打字的速度就会提升，
05:15
especially if we also identified
what mistakes we're making
what mistakes we're making
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尤其是我们还找出了我们常犯的错，
05:18
and practiced typing those words.
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并且还加以纠正练习。
05:21
That's deliberate practice.
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这就是“有意练习”。
05:24
In what other parts of our lives,
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打字毕竟不是主业，
05:26
perhaps that we care more about,
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我们有其他更在乎的领域，
05:27
are we working hard but not improving much
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那些我们努力过，但是提升甚少的领域，
05:30
because we're always
in the performance zone?
in the performance zone?
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这是因为我们总停留在展现区吗？
05:34
Now, this is not to say
that the performance zone has no value.
that the performance zone has no value.
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这并不意味展现区毫无价值，
05:37
It very much does.
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它非常有价值。
05:38
When I needed a knee surgery,
I didn't tell the surgeon,
I didn't tell the surgeon,
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我不会告诉我膝盖手术的主治医生：
05:41
"Poke around in there
and focus on what you don't know."
and focus on what you don't know."
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“随便弄吧，把膝盖当作你的教具，”
05:44
(Laughter)
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（笑声）
05:45
"We'll learn from your mistakes!"
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“你犯错了我们都会吸取教训的！”
05:47
I looked for a surgeon
who I felt would do a good job,
who I felt would do a good job,
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我会找一个我认为能做好手术的外科医生，
05:50
and I wanted her to do a good job.
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我也想让她顺利完成手术。
05:53
Being in the performance zone
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在展现区做事，
05:54
allows us to get things done
as best as we can.
as best as we can.
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要求我们做到最好。
05:57
It can also be motivating,
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这本身就是一种鞭策，
05:59
and it provides us with information
to identify what to focus on next
to identify what to focus on next
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它也能让我们知道，当我们回到学习区的时候，
06:02
when we go back to the learning zone.
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我们应当注意什么。
06:05
So the way to high performance
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通往高水平展现的路，
06:06
is to alternate between the learning zone
and the performance zone,
and the performance zone,
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就是在学习区、表现区间来回转换的路，
06:10
purposefully building our skills
in the learning zone,
in the learning zone,
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我们有目的地在学习区积攒技能，
06:13
then applying those skills
in the performance zone.
in the performance zone.
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然后将其应用于展现区。
06:16
When Beyoncé is on tour,
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当碧昂斯举办巡回演唱会时，
06:18
during the concert,
she's in her performance zone,
she's in her performance zone,
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演唱会，就是她的展现区，
06:21
but every night when she
gets back to the hotel room,
gets back to the hotel room,
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但是当她每晚回到酒店房间时，
06:24
she goes right back
into her learning zone.
into her learning zone.
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她就径直地回到了她的学习区。
06:26
She watches a video
of the show that just ended.
of the show that just ended.
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她会观看刚刚结束的演出的录像。
06:29
She identifies opportunities
for improvement,
for improvement,
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为她自己、舞者、摄像组
06:31
for herself, her dancers
and her camera staff.
and her camera staff.
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寻求进步的突破口。
06:34
And the next morning,
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第二天早上，
06:35
everyone receives pages of notes
with what to adjust,
with what to adjust,
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每个人都会收到几页笔记，上面写着
06:38
which they then work on during the day
before the next performance.
before the next performance.
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他们需要在下次演出前需要调整的问题。
06:42
It's a spiral
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提高能力
06:43
to ever-increasing capabilities,
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是一个螺旋上升的过程，
06:45
but we need to know when we seek to learn,
and when we seek to perform,
and when we seek to perform,
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但是我们得知道何时学习、何时表现，
06:49
and while we want
to spend time doing both,
to spend time doing both,
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当想两者兼顾时，
06:51
the more time we spend
in the learning zone,
in the learning zone,
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想要进步，
06:53
the more we'll improve.
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就要多花时间在学习区上。
06:55
So how can we spend
more time in the learning zone?
more time in the learning zone?
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那我们如何将更多时间用在学习区上呢？
06:59
First, we must believe and understand
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首先，
坚定我们一定会进步的信念，
07:02
that we can improve,
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07:03
what we call a growth mindset.
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我们叫它“成长思维”。
07:05
Second, we must want
to improve at that particular skill.
to improve at that particular skill.
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其次，成长目标必须明确。
07:09
There has to be a purpose we care about,
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时间、精力有限，
07:11
because it takes time and effort.
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它们必须花费在我们在乎的目标上。
07:13
Third, we must have an idea
about how to improve,
about how to improve,
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第三，我们必须要知道如何提高，
07:16
what we can do to improve,
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怎样提高，
07:18
not how I used to practice
the guitar as a teenager,
the guitar as a teenager,
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不能像小时候学吉他，
07:20
performing songs over and over again,
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一遍遍重复单调的歌曲，
07:22
but doing deliberate practice.
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而是做一些有意的练习。
07:24
And fourth, we must be
in a low-stakes situation,
in a low-stakes situation,
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第四，保证低风险，
07:29
because if mistakes are to be expected,
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因为犯错在意料之中，
07:31
then the consequence of making them
must not be catastrophic,
must not be catastrophic,
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其后果必不能不堪设想，
07:34
or even very significant.
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哪怕是有一点严重都不行。
07:36
A tightrope walker doesn't practice
new tricks without a net underneath,
new tricks without a net underneath,
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没有拦网，走钢索的人不会去训练新技巧，
07:39
and an athlete wouldn't set out
to first try a new move
to first try a new move
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在大赛上，运动员也不会去开发新的动作。
07:42
during a championship match.
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07:45
One reason that in our lives
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我们之所以在展现区耗费大量时间，
07:46
we spend so much time
in the performance zone
in the performance zone
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是因为我们通常不必要地将环境
07:49
is that our environments
often are, unnecessarily, high stakes.
often are, unnecessarily, high stakes.
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置于高风险的状态。
07:54
We create social risks for one another,
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我们给彼此制造了社会风险，
07:56
even in schools which are supposed
to be all about learning,
to be all about learning,
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即使在我们一切都为了学习的学校里，
07:59
and I'm not talking
about standardized tests.
about standardized tests.
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我没有在说标准化考试，
08:01
I mean that every minute of every day,
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我说的是学生每时每刻、
08:03
many students in elementary
schools through colleges
schools through colleges
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从小学到大学，
08:06
feel that if they make a mistake,
others will think less of them.
others will think less of them.
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都会觉得别人会因为他们犯错而轻视他们。
08:09
No wonder they're always stressed out
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难怪学生一直紧张兮兮，
08:11
and not taking the risks
necessary for learning.
necessary for learning.
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不愿为学习而冒必要的风险。
08:14
But they learn
that mistakes are undesirable
that mistakes are undesirable
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老师、家长对正确答案趋之若鹜的态度，
08:17
inadvertently
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无意中
08:18
when teachers or parents
are eager to hear just correct answers
are eager to hear just correct answers
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让学生抗拒犯错，
08:21
and reject mistakes
rather than welcome and examine them
rather than welcome and examine them
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而不是勇于试错、检视过错、
08:24
to learn from them,
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并从中吸取教训，
08:25
or when we look for narrow responses
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我们也只想要“标准答案”，
08:27
rather than encourage
more exploratory thinking
more exploratory thinking
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而不是激励学生去进行
08:29
that we can all learn from.
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大有裨益的开拓性思考。
08:31
When all homework or student work
has a number or a letter on it,
has a number or a letter on it,
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一旦学生的作业、作品，都会被评定等级、标上分数，
08:34
and counts towards a final grade,
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最后被记入期末成绩，
08:36
rather than being used for practice,
mistakes, feedback and revision,
mistakes, feedback and revision,
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它们就起不到练习、试错、反馈、修正的作用了，
08:39
we send the message
that school is a performance zone.
that school is a performance zone.
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我们让孩子误认为学校是展现区。
08:44
The same is true in our workplaces.
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职场中也同样如此。
08:46
In the companies I consult with,
I often see flawless execution cultures
I often see flawless execution cultures
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那些咨询我的公司，经常执行无缺陷企业文化，
08:50
which leaders foster
to encourage great work.
to encourage great work.
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领导们努力于激励工作。
08:52
But that leads employees
to stay within what they know
to stay within what they know
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但这会让员工停留在自己已知的领域，
08:55
and not try new things,
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固步自封，
08:56
so companies struggle
to innovate and improve,
to innovate and improve,
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公司因此很难创新、进步，
08:59
and they fall behind.
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从而落了下风。
09:01
We can create more spaces for growth
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我们可以通过交流，
09:04
by starting conversations with one another
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为彼此开创进步的空间，
09:06
about when we want to be in each zone.
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可以让行为各属所区的空间。
09:09
What do we want to get better at and how?
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何处改进？如何改进？
09:11
And when do we want
to execute and minimize mistakes?
to execute and minimize mistakes?
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何时决策？怎样控损？
09:15
That way, we gain clarity
about what success is,
about what success is,
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何为成功，何时、以何种方法去支持对方，
09:18
when, and how to best support one another.
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由此在我们眼前清晰展现。
09:22
But what if we find ourselves
in a chronic high-stakes setting
in a chronic high-stakes setting
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那要是我们发现自己长期都在高风险状态下，
09:25
and we feel we can't
start those conversations yet?
start those conversations yet?
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并且无法开展这样的交流怎么办？
09:28
Then here are three things
that we can still do as individuals.
that we can still do as individuals.
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作为个人，我们仍可以做这下面三点：
09:31
First, we can create low-stakes islands
in an otherwise high-stakes sea.
in an otherwise high-stakes sea.
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首先，我们可以在高风险的汪洋中开辟一个低风险的小岛，
09:36
These are spaces where mistakes
have little consequence.
have little consequence.
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在这里，错误的后果不会太严重，
09:39
For example, we might find
a mentor or a trusted colleague
a mentor or a trusted colleague
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比如，我们可以找一个导师，或是可信的同事，
09:42
with whom we can exchange ideas
or have vulnerable conversations
or have vulnerable conversations
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和他们分享想法，或是接受批评，
09:46
or even role-play.
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甚至角色代入都行。
09:47
Or we can ask for feedback-oriented
meetings as projects progress.
meetings as projects progress.
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或者是随着项目的进展，举办反馈向会议。
09:51
Or we can set aside time to read
or watch videos or take online courses.
or watch videos or take online courses.
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我们也可以抽出时间去阅读相关书籍、看视频或是参加在线课程。
09:55
Those are just some examples.
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这只是几个例子。
09:57
Second, we can execute
and perform as we're expected,
and perform as we're expected,
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其次，我们可以遵循着预期去执行，
10:01
but then reflect on what
we could do better next time,
we could do better next time,
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但将精力集中于如何在下次做的更好，
10:04
like Beyoncé does,
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就像碧昂斯，
10:05
and we can observe and emulate experts.
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我们可以观察并模仿专家所做。
10:07
The observation, reflection
and adjustment is a learning zone.
and adjustment is a learning zone.
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这些观察、映射和调整属于学习区。
10:11
And finally, we can lead
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最终，我们可以通过和他人分享希冀在何处取得进步，
10:14
and lower the stakes for others
by sharing what we want to get better at,
by sharing what we want to get better at,
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通过询问未知的问题，
10:18
by asking questions
about what we don't know,
about what we don't know,
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通过征求反馈，
10:20
by soliciting feedback
and by sharing our mistakes
and by sharing our mistakes
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通过分享我们曾经犯过的错，和从中汲取的教训，
10:23
and what we've learned from them,
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为彼此营造一个低风险的状态，
10:25
so that others
can feel safe to do the same.
can feel safe to do the same.
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这样他人也会安心地做同样的事。
10:27
Real confidence is about
modeling ongoing learning.
modeling ongoing learning.
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进步的奥秘就在规范现行的学习行为中。
10:32
What if, instead of spending
our lives doing, doing, doing,
our lives doing, doing, doing,
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如果，我们没有把时间耗费在
10:37
performing, performing, performing,
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做事、表现、输出上，
10:39
we spent more time exploring,
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而是更多地去探索、
10:42
asking,
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询问、
10:44
listening,
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倾听、
10:45
experimenting, reflecting,
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实践、斟酌、
10:48
striving and becoming?
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拼命去成为想成为的人，会怎么样？
10:52
What if we each always had something
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如果我们每个人，都有某些事情
10:55
we were working to improve?
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让我们可为之努力，从而提高呢？
10:57
What if we created more low-stakes islands
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如果我们可以找到，或者创造出更多的
11:00
and waters?
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低风险地带呢？
11:01
And what if we got clear,
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那如果我们对于自身
11:04
within ourselves and with our teammates,
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和团队成员，
11:06
about when we seek to learn
and when we seek to perform,
and when we seek to perform,
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何时需要学习，何时需要表现非常清楚呢？
11:10
so that our efforts
can become more consequential,
can become more consequential,
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做到这些，我们的努力会得到更多回报，
11:13
our improvement never-ending
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我们的进步会一往直前，
11:16
and our best even better?
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我们的工作会锦上添花。
11:19
Thank you.
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谢谢大家。
Translated by Jianing Fu
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Eduardo Briceño - Learning expertEduardo Briceño is a learner, leader, speaker and writer devoted to enabling a more learning-oriented world.
Why you should listen
Eduardo Briceño leads Mindset Works, the leading provider of growth mindset training services and programs for schools and businesses. It helps organizations cultivate learning-oriented cultures and systems. He started it in 2007 with the foremost growth mindset researcher, Carol Dweck Ph.D., and education expert Lisa Blackwell Ph.D. Prior to his current role, he was a Principal at the Sprout Group, a venture capital firm in Silicon Valley.
Briceño regularly speaks at national and international conferences and in-house trainings for educators, professionals, and leaders. His TEDx talk, "The power of belief," is widely used to introduce teachers, students and professionals to the growth mindset, and his TED Talk, "How to get better at the things you care about," differentiates performance vs. improvement behaviors. He has been quoted and featured in prominent media, such as Education Week, NPR, The Guardian, The Huffington Post, KQED MindShift, Entrepreneur and Inc.
Briceño grew up in Caracas, Venezuela, before moving to the US when he was in high school. He now lives with his wife in San Jose, California. He holds Bachelor's degrees in economics and engineering from the University of Pennsylvania, as well as an MBA and an MA in Education from Stanford University. Most important, he continues to enjoy lifelong learning every day.
Eduardo Briceño | Speaker | TED.com