Andrew Forrest: A radical plan to end plastic waste
安德魯福雷斯特: 終止廢棄塑膠的徹底變革計畫
Andrew "Twiggy" Forrest is an Australian businessman, philanthropist and entrepreneur, widely considered one of the country’s greatest change agents. Full bioChris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
obsessed with this problem
塑膠。就這麼簡單。
energetic commodity that it is,
有點像是這樣。
ladies and gentlemen,
有很多像這樣的河流。
在東南亞到處都是。
it ends up in the ocean.
see it on the beaches,
都會看到塑膠,
in the oceans. Talk about that.
跟我們談談這點。
really barking crazy,
in marine ecology.
但卻學到更多海洋的死亡,
ecological fatality of fish,
海洋哺乳類,
if not trillions that we can't count
要不是死了這麼多,
as ugly but stable. Right?
雖然醜陋但很穩定,對吧?
"Hey, it'll just sit there forever.
「嘿,它會永遠待在那裡。
substance designed for the economy.
這種物質是很了不起的。
for the environment.
as soon as it hits the environment,
當它們進入到環境中,
and smaller and smaller,
有個驚人的科學,
for a few years now,
我們幾年前就知道了,
carrying their negative charge,
the pores of your skin.
straight through the blood-brain barrier,
to protect your brain.
濕物體,充滿了小小的電荷。
full of little electrical charges.
which can carry pathogens --
病原體的負電粒子——
it attracts positive-charge elements,
we're going to see in the next 12 months.
我們就會看到這項科學新知。
that there's like 600 plastic bags or so
就有大約六百個塑膠袋。
in the ocean, something like that.
of the consequences of that.
they're a bunch of good scientists,
他們是一群很棒的科學家,
one ton of plastic, Chris,
不是 2050 年的預測——
of fish by, not 2050 --
who talk about 2050 -- by 2025.
是 2025 年的預測。
to completely wipe out marine life.
讓海洋生命完全消失。
to do a fine job at it.
就可以辦到且做得很好。
We've got no time.
我們沒有時間了。
and you're coming at this
阻止它,且你在處理這件事
campaigner, I would say,
典型的環境活動家,
as an entrepreneur, who has lived --
about global economic systems
who look something like this.
ragpickers like her,
或兩千萬個像她這樣的人,
everyone's waste.
minuscule that it was, collapsed.
之後就暴跌了。
who is a schoolchild.
hundreds of people like her.
數百名像她這樣的人。
literally millions around the world,
全世界有數百萬名,
他們其實造成了,比如,
for the fact that, for example,
看到很多金屬廢棄物。
of metal waste in the world.
the hero of the environment.
a great big petrochemical plant
petrochemical plant.
石化工廠。那就是問題。
掩埋場中的石油和天然氣,
in plastic and landfill
resources of the United States.
和天然氣資源還要多。
ladies and gentlemen,
這就是垃圾掩埋場的模樣,
potentially locked up in there
if they could, make a living from.
可以靠這裡維持生計。
來自化石燃料的塑膠
回收塑膠所要花的價值。
recycle plastic from plastic.
is building blocks from oil and gas.
which is 100 percent oil and gas.
聚合物是 100% 的石油和天然氣。
enough plastic in the world
能滿足我們所有的需求。
than fossil fuel plastic,
比化石燃料塑膠還低,
just sticks to fossil fuel plastic.
繼續用化石燃料塑膠。
is usually more
it made fresh from more oil.
of the rules here, Chris.
扭轉一下規則,克里斯。
scrap metal and rubbish iron
all round the villages,
and the streets are clean,
or scrap iron now,
it gets recycled.
它們會被回收。
to try to change that in plastics?
I've been doing research.
我一直在做研究。
a businessperson who's done OK at it
生意人,有一個好處,
想要看看的動物園物種,
animal species they'd like to check out,
崔姬(綽號)福雷斯特。
we'll all meet Twiggy Forrest.
and fast-moving consumer good companies
消費性商品公司,
for the best and do nothing,
people in the world
their environment smashed by plastic,
被塑膠搗毀的環境,
or barren of sea life because of plastic.
衰弱或不孕的海洋生命。
which we all buy heaps of products from,
major resin producers,
which is single use.
位在這個食物鏈的根基處。
of this food chain, as it were.
those one hundred companies to do?
這一百家公司做什麼?
to simply raise the value
他們提高基礎材料的價值,
from oil and gas,
基礎材料的價值,
and onto us, the customers,
散播到我們客人這裡時,
an increase in our coffee cup
我們的咖啡杯有一點點漲價,
all over the world an article of value.
都變成有價值的物品。
there's two parts to this.
a fund operated by someone
某人運作的基金,
that they charge the extra for?
會被拿來做什麼用途?
to really big businesses,
and I need you to change really fast,"
我需要你快速改變,」
to peel over in boredom,
注意了,安德魯。」
you to make a contribution
and industry transition fund.
its building blocks from fossil fuel
從化石燃料取得基礎材料,
blocks from plastic.
operations from nothing,
兩間數十億美金價值的公司,
the technology can be scaled.
in plastic to handle all types of plastic.
可以處理各種塑膠。
have an economic margin,
有了經濟方面的利潤,
will get all their plastic from,
從那裡取得塑膠,
contributes money to a fund
塑膠,要對基金貢獻一點錢,
transition the industry
like cleanup and other pieces.
比如清理塑膠等等。
the incredible side benefit,
millions of people around the world
找到新的賺錢方式。
fuel plastics at this value
化石燃料塑膠是這個價值,
is that, you know,
我最喜歡的一點是,
300, 350 million tons of plastic.
棄至環境中浪費掉了。
1,500 dollars a ton.
一千五百美金。
which could go into business
and wealth right across the world,
工作機會和財富,
但我們卻將之丟棄。
to invest in recycling plants
投資回收廠——
因為這項技術是低資本的,
is low-capital cost,
大飯店底下、垃圾場,任何地方,
at the bottom of big hotels,
some of your own wealth to this.
部分財富投入在這裡。
in this project?
慈善扮演的角色是?
is kick in the 40 to 50 million US dollars
先捐出四千到五千萬美金的初始基金,
absolute transparency
絕對的透明度,
exactly what's going on.
to the brands to the consumers,
到品牌,到消費者,
who is playing the game,
and who doesn't care.
a million dollars a week,
that for five years.
300 million US dollars.
like to the Coca-Colas of this world,
they're willing to pay a higher price,
願意付更高的價格,
只要是公平的。
like Pepsi to play ball
百事可樂搞花樣,
that Pepsi wasn't playing ball.
百事可樂沒有搞花樣。
the consumers can see it.
by a hundred companies.
被一百間公司破壞。
what the companies can do
以及你願意做什麼。
所有人,全世界的人,
一百間樹脂生產者。
or a telephone contact from you,
to make a contribution to a fund
or the World Bank can manage.
of dollars per year
to getting all its plastic from plastic,
而非從化石燃料。
That's bad. This is good.
這種比較好。
of dollars, Chris, per annum
這不會和你的利益衝突嗎?
opportunity for you?
the iron ore business,
the scrap metal business,
any scrap lying around to trip over,
會絆倒你的廢金屬
因為它們都被撿走了。
to go into the plastic recycling business.
塑膠回收事業的理由。
of plastic waste.
which will spread all over the world,
because that's where the rubbish is most,
因為那裡的垃圾最多,
and stand back.
之後再退居幕後。
are craving a new, regenerative economy,
有革新的經濟,
these big industries,
cheering you on your way
幫你加油才能實現它。
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Andrew Forrest - EntrepreneurAndrew "Twiggy" Forrest is an Australian businessman, philanthropist and entrepreneur, widely considered one of the country’s greatest change agents.
Why you should listen
As founder and chairman of Fortescue Metals Group, Andrew Forrest has led the company from inception to a market capitalisation of more than AU$30billion. In 2001, he co-founded Minderoo Foundation with his wife Nicola, and he's since donated more than AU$1.5 billion to its core initiatives and more than 280 causes around the world. Never daunted by the scale of a challenge, Forrest devotes his relentless energy to tackling some of the world’s greatest problems, including Indigenous disparity, modern slavery and cancer.
But it is Forrest's most recent pursuit -- a PhD in Marine Ecology -- that led him to the TED stage. Driven by a lifelong love for the oceans, Forrest studied marine life and, along the way, encountered the destructive impacts of ocean plastic pollution, which he is now striving to apprehend.
Andrew Forrest | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com