TED2007
David Hoffman: Sputnik mania
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Filmmaker David Hoffman shares footage from his feature-length documentary Sputnik Mania, which shows how the Soviet Union's launch of Sputnik in 1957 led to both the space race and the arms race -- and jump-started science and math education around the world.
David Hoffman - Filmmaker
In David Hoffman's long film career, he's made documentaries on everything from Amelia Earhardt to B.B. King, from double-dutch jump-roping to F-15 fighter pilots. Lately he's been fascinated with the early space program and our mania for all things Sputnik. Full bio
In David Hoffman's long film career, he's made documentaries on everything from Amelia Earhardt to B.B. King, from double-dutch jump-roping to F-15 fighter pilots. Lately he's been fascinated with the early space program and our mania for all things Sputnik. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
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Fifty years ago in the old Soviet Union,
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a team of engineers was secretly moving a large object
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through a desolate countryside.
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With it, they were hoping to capture the minds of people everywhere
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by being the first to conquer outer space.
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The rocket was huge.
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And packed in its nose was a silver ball
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with two radios inside.
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On October 4, 1957, they launched their rocket.
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One of the Russian scientists wrote at the time:
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"We are about to create a new planet
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that we will call Sputnik.
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In the olden days, explorers
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like Vasco da Gama and Columbus
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had the good fortune to open up the terrestrial globe.
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Now we have the good fortune to open up space.
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And it is for those in the future to envy us our joy."
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You're watching snippets from "Sputnik," my fifth documentary feature,
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which is just about completed.
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It tells the story of Sputnik,
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and the story of what happened to America as a result.
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For days after the launch,
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Sputnik was a wonderful curiosity.
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A man-made moon visible by ordinary citizens,
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it inspired awe and pride
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that humans had finally launched an object into space.
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But just three days later, on a day they called Red Monday,
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the media and the politicians told us,
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and we believed, that Sputnik was proof
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that our enemy had beaten us
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in science and technology,
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and that they could now attack us with hydrogen bombs,
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using their Sputnik rocket as an IBM missile.
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All hell broke loose.
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Sputnik quickly became one of the three great shocks to hit America --
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historians say the equal of Pearl Harbor or 9/11.
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It provoked the missile gap.
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It exploded an arms race.
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It began the space race.
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Within a year, Congress funded huge weapons increases,
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and we went from 1,200 nuclear weapons
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to 20,000.
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And the reactions to Sputnik went far beyond weapons increases.
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For example, some here will remember
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this day, June 1958,
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the National Civil Defense Drill,
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where tens of millions of people in 78 cities went underground.
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Or the Gallup Poll that showed that seven in 10 Americans
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believed that a nuclear war would happen,
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and that at least 50 percent of our population
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was going to be killed.
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But Sputnik provoked wonderful changes as well.
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For example, some in this room went to school on scholarship
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because of Sputnik.
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Support for engineering, math and science --
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education in general -- boomed.
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And Vint Cerf points out that Sputnik
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led directly to ARPA, and the Internet,
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and, of course, NASA.
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My feature documentary shows how a free society
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can be stampeded by those who know how to use media.
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But it also shows how we can turn
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what appears at first to be a bad situation,
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into something that was overall very good for America.
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"Sputnik" will soon be released.
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In closing, I would like to take a moment to thank
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one of my investors:
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longtime TEDster, Jay Walker.
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And I'd like to thank you all.
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(Applause).
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Thank you, Chris.
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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Hoffman - FilmmakerIn David Hoffman's long film career, he's made documentaries on everything from Amelia Earhardt to B.B. King, from double-dutch jump-roping to F-15 fighter pilots. Lately he's been fascinated with the early space program and our mania for all things Sputnik.
Why you should listen
Documentary filmmaker David Hoffman has been capturing reality for almost 4 decades, following his wide-ranging interests and turning them into films for PBS, The Discovery Channel, A&E, National Geographic. Highlights from his career include the groundbreaking experimental doc King, Murray, which blurred boundaries between truth and fiction as it tracks its subject through a debauched weekend in Las Vegas; A Day With Filmmaker Timmy Page, about a 12-year-old auteur; and his series of films on American indigenous music.
Lately, he has become fascinated with the Atomic-era Space Race, turning out a feature-length documentary about the Sputnik era. Sputnik Mania was scored by Thomas Dolby and has played at festivals and theaters around the country.
Hoffman suffered a devastating setback in early 2008 when, nine days before TED2008, his home, containing a vast archive from his long and fascinating career, burnt to the ground. His next project: to reframe his life and rebuild.
David Hoffman | Speaker | TED.com