Erin Marie Saltman: How young people join violent extremist groups -- and how to stop them
Erin Marie Saltman: Cómo los jóvenes se unen a grupos extremistas y cómo detenerlos
Dr. Erin Marie Saltman manages Facebook's counterterrorism and counter-extremism policy work for Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Full bio
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in Far Right youth camp in Hungary.
juvenil de extrema derecha en Hungría.
la sociabilización política de los jóvenes
youth political socialization --
political ideologies
desarrollaban ideologías políticas
of young people I was talking to
con la que hablaba
en este campamento
of why people were joining.
de por qué la gente se unía.
a little bit too Jewish.
demasiado judío.
your last name goes first,
turned into "Salty Irena,"
cambió a "Salada Irena",
I would have naturally chosen for myself.
escogido para mí.
that it was actually really fun.
de que en realidad era muy divertido.
aprender a montar a caballo,
con balas de aire
faces as targets.
convencionales como blanco.
actually, friendly, inclusive group
muy amistoso e inclusivo
anything to do with the Roma population,
el tema de la población gitana,
very hate-based very quickly.
de odio rápidamente.
violent extremist movements,
a movimientos extremistas violentos
counter these processes?"
efectivamente estos procesos?
atrocities and attacks
horribles atrocidades y ataques
but all over the world,
y por todo el mundo,
violent individuals.
naturaleza violenta."
with their upbringing."
durante su infancia."
from educated backgrounds,
estudios avanzados,
I want to talk you through,
challenge this in a modern era?
of different things
process of radicalization,
radicalización de una persona,
into push and pull factors.
factores de atracción y disuasión.
for Far Right, neo-Nazi groups
de extrema derecha neonazis
and terrorist groups.
grupos terroristas.
what makes you vulnerable
aquellos que nos hacen vulnerables
a lot of different things,
a sense of isolation,
de enajenación, un sentido de aislamiento,
is under attack,
está bajo ataque,
on a nationality or an ethnicity
en una nacionalidad, etnia,
are doing nothing to help.
de ayudar no lo están haciendo.
do not make you a violent extremist,
no te hacen un extremista violento,
towards a group like the Roma population,
a grupos como los gitanos,
a violently mobilized group.
brotes violentos.
los factores de atracción.
extremist organizations offering
organizaciones extremistas violentas
very positive things,
a spiritual purpose,
un propósito espiritual,
to build a utopian society
de construir una sociedad utópica,
and adventure.
empoderamiento y de aventura.
terroristas extranjeros,
at foreign terrorist fighters,
with the wind in their hair
con cabellos ondeados al viento
and women going to join them
y a las mujeres que se les unen
y te conviertes en un héroe.
that's the propaganda being given.
así es la propaganda.
confusing, nuanced world
confuso y matizado,
into black and white,
about ISIS, Daesh,
in how we look at these processes,
en cómo vemos estos procesos,
and their tactics.
and the usage of social media,
y el uso de redes sociales,
tweeting and videos of beheadings.
tuits y videos de decapitaciones.
does not radicalize you.
no te radicaliza.
does do is it is a catalyst.
es ser un catalizador.
of a jihadist changed for us.
oscura y sombría cambió para nosotros.
we were in their kitchens.
en sus cocinas.
tweeting in their own languages.
tuiteando en su propia lengua.
talking about their wedding day,
hablando de sus bodas,
to Grand Theft Auto being made.
is that trying to counter it,
para contrarrestarlos,
and social media companies
y compañías de redes sociales
del contenido terrorista?
and they'd just come back up,
rápidamente volvían a surgir,
having a 25th account
presumía su vigésima quinta cuenta
disseminated everywhere.
una tendencia peligrosa
and regulations of social media, too.
conocen las reglas de las redes sociales.
conversation with a recruiter
banal con un reclutador
at which that conversation
less regulated,
más pequeña, menos regulada
track where that conversation went.
rastrear el avance de esa conversación.
alternatives to censorship.
alternativas a la censura.
because it's state-building.
está construyendo un estado.
accountants, hackers and women.
contadores, hackers y mujeres.
a huge increase of women going
en los últimos 12 meses.
of the people going over to join
cuatro personas que se afilian
this process with.
contrarrestrar en este proceso.
some of the positive things
de algunas cosas positivas
to prevent and counter violent extremism.
y contraataque de violencia extremista.
than countering,
in medical terms.
en términos médicos.
so you are naturally resilient
seamos resilientes
a symptom or a sign
síntomas o una señal
extremist ideology.
extremista violenta.
about really broad groups of people
más extensos de gente
and agree with certain things online,
de acuerdo con ciertas cosas en línea,
if somebody already has a swastika tattoo
ya tiene un tatuaje con la esvástica
of each one of those levels
de cada uno de estos niveles
of engaging with people are becoming.
para incorporar a esta gente.
that we helped develop.
que ayudamos a desarrollar.
within a classroom setting,
dentro del marco del aula de clases,
can be very hard to try to explain,
puede ser difícil de explicar,
and survivors of extremism
y sobrevivientes del extremismo
and create question-giving to classrooms,
y formulan cuestionarios en el aula,
fighting for ISIS,
luchando por ISIS.
and where they're at and regret,
y dónde están ahora y qué lamentan,
to have a dialogue around it.
a tener un diálogo al respecto.
of individuals,
la media de los individuos,
of civil society voices.
las voces de la sociedad civil.
that are looking for information online,
que están buscando información en línea,
identity questions?
escrutadoras sobre su identidad?
large groups of civil society voices
las voces de grupos sociales
app developers, artists, comedians,
artistas, comediantes,
muy específico
to very strategic audiences.
entre audiencias estratégicas.
creating a satirical video
un video satírico
15 y 20 años que estén en línea
to 15- to 20-year-olds online
afín a la supremacía blanca
to be very specific,
para ser muy específicos,
when somebody's viewing, watching
viendo, observando
it's not me or you --
no somos ni tú ni yo,
that we are looking to engage with.
que buscamos captar.
a pilot program called "One to One,"
un programa piloto llamado "Uno a uno",
to a group of labeled neofascists
a un grupo que se consideraba neofascista
Messenger into their inbox, saying,
mensajes en sus bandejas de entrada
I've been there.
yo he estado ahí,
from this sort of interaction.
de muerte con estas interacciones.
a former neo-Nazi say, "Hey, how are you?"
diciéndote: "¿Cómo estás?"
that around 60 percent
que alrededor del 60 %
had sustained engagement,
mantuvo el contacto,
having conversations
about what they were going through,
sobre lo que estaban viviendo,
for talking about these subjects,
para hablar de estos temas,
unlikely sectors to the table.
a sectores insólitos.
all over the world,
en todo el mundo,
their messages are not strategic
sus mensajes no son estratégicos
the audiences they want to reach.
que quieren alcanzar.
de antiguos extremistas.
of former extremists.
in different parts of the world.
en diferentes partes del mundo.
to bring the tech sector to the table
el sector tecnológico a la mesa
and marketing expertise
y expertos en mercadotecnia
a more robust and challenging of extremism
más robusto contra el extremismo
that if you are in the audience
diseñador gráfico,
that this is your sector,
that you have right now
que tienes ahora
lo que se necesita
el extremismo.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Erin Marie Saltman - Policy researcherDr. Erin Marie Saltman manages Facebook's counterterrorism and counter-extremism policy work for Europe, the Middle East and Africa.
Why you should listen
Dr. Erin Marie Saltman's background and expertise includes both Far Right and Islamist extremist processes of radicalization within a range of regional and socio-political contexts. Her research and publications have focused on the evolving nature of online extremism and terrorism, gender dynamics within violent extremist organizations and youth radicalization. Saltman has previously held senior research positions at Quilliam Foundation and the Institute for Strategic Dialogue, where she managed international programs. She has also worked with local activists, artists and techies to challenge violent extremism.
As Facebook's Counterterrorism Policy Manager based in London, Saltman regularly speaks with both governments and NGOs on issues related to how Facebook counters terrorism and violent extremism. She has also helped establish the Global Internet Forum to Counter Terrorism, bringing together leading industry partners (Facebook, Google, Microsoft and Twitter) with smaller startups and tech companies to create cross-platform knowledge sharing, technology solutions and research.
Saltman remains a Research Fellow at the Institute for Strategic Dialogue. She is a graduate of Columbia University (BA) and University College London (MA and PhD). View her articles and publications here.
Erin Marie Saltman | Speaker | TED.com