Erin Marie Saltman: How young people join violent extremist groups -- and how to stop them
Erin Marie Saltman: Jak młodzi dołączają do skrajnie agresywnych grup i jak to powstrzymać
Dr. Erin Marie Saltman manages Facebook's counterterrorism and counter-extremism policy work for Europe, the Middle East and Africa. Full bio
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in Far Right youth camp in Hungary.
węgierskim obozie dla młodzieży.
youth political socialization --
socjalizacji politycznej młodzieży,
political ideologies
tworzą polityczne ideologie
of young people I was talking to
do obozu młodzieżowego,
of why people were joining.
dla których ludzie do niego dołączają.
a little bit too Jewish.
za bardzo żydowsko.
your last name goes first,
turned into "Salty Irena,"
brzmiał "Wkurzona Irena".
I would have naturally chosen for myself.
that it was actually really fun.
faces as targets.
popularnych polityków jako cele.
actually, friendly, inclusive group
że to przyjazna i inkluzywna grupa,
anything to do with the Roma population,
very hate-based very quickly.
szybko stawał się pełen nienawiści.
violent extremist movements,
do skrajnie przemocowych ruchów
counter these processes?"
atrocities and attacks
but all over the world,
violent individuals.
with their upbringing."
from educated backgrounds,
z wykształconych środowisk,
I want to talk you through,
challenge this in a modern era?
of different things
process of radicalization,
into push and pull factors.
zachęcające i odpychające.
for Far Right, neo-Nazi groups
skrajnie prawicowych i neonazistowskich,
and terrorist groups.
i grup terrorystycznych.
what makes you vulnerable
które czynią cię podatnym
a lot of different things,
a sense of isolation,
wyobcowania, izolacji,
is under attack,
on a nationality or an ethnicity
are doing nothing to help.
nie robi nic, żeby pomóc.
do not make you a violent extremist,
nie czynią nikogo gresywnym ekstremistą,
towards a group like the Roma population,
mówić w przypadku Romów,
a violently mobilized group.
extremist organizations offering
very positive things,
a spiritual purpose,
to build a utopian society
and adventure.
at foreign terrorist fighters,
with the wind in their hair
wiatr we włosach,
and women going to join them
zmierzają kobiety,
a ty stajesz się bohaterem.
that's the propaganda being given.
to zabieg propagandowy.
confusing, nuanced world
pełnego sprzeczności świata
into black and white,
about ISIS, Daesh,
in how we look at these processes,
sposób patrzenia na te procesy
and their tactics.
and the usage of social media,
i użycie mediów społecznościowych,
tweeting and videos of beheadings.
tweetach i nagraniach z egzekucji.
does not radicalize you.
nie staniesz się dżihadystą.
does do is it is a catalyst.
of a jihadist changed for us.
w płaszczu się zmienił.
we were in their kitchens.
tweetujący we własnych językach.
tweeting in their own languages.
talking about their wedding day,
to Grand Theft Auto being made.
is that trying to counter it,
że starając się to powstrzymać,
and social media companies
and they'd just come back up,
having a 25th account
disseminated everywhere.
and regulations of social media, too.
i prawa rządzące mediami.
conversation with a recruiter
at which that conversation
less regulated,
mniej kontrolowaną,
track where that conversation went.
dokąd ta rozmowa zaprowadziła.
alternatives to censorship.
because it's state-building.
z powodu budowania państwa.
księgowych, hakerów i kobiety.
accountants, hackers and women.
a huge increase of women going
liczby werbowanych kobiet
of the people going over to join
jedna na cztery wstępujące osoby
this process with.
walczymy z tym procesem.
some of the positive things
i powstrzymywaniu ekstremizmowi.
to prevent and counter violent extremism.
than countering,
in medical terms.
w kategoriach medycznych.
so you are naturally resilient
a symptom or a sign
extremist ideology.
about really broad groups of people
and agree with certain things online,
i zgadza się z pewnymi rzeczami w sieci,
if somebody already has a swastika tattoo
kto ma wytatuowaną swastykę
of each one of those levels
of engaging with people are becoming.
dotarcia do osób radykalizowanych.
that we helped develop.
który pomogliśmy opracować.
within a classroom setting,
w szkolnych klasach,
can be very hard to try to explain,
może być bardzo trudno wytłumaczyć,
and survivors of extremism
oraz osób, które to przetrwały,
and create question-giving to classrooms,
i tworzących pytania dla klasy,
fighting for ISIS,
i zginął, walcząc dla ISIS.
and where they're at and regret,
tego, co obecnie robią, mówią o żalu,
to have a dialogue around it.
of individuals,
of civil society voices.
that are looking for information online,
które szukają informacji w internecie,
identity questions?
large groups of civil society voices
dużych grup obywatelskich
app developers, artists, comedians,
twórcami aplikacji, artystami, komikami.
to very strategic audiences.
żeby trafić do konkretnych odbiorców.
creating a satirical video
jest stworzenie zabawnego filmu,
to 15- to 20-year-olds online
to be very specific,
możemy być bardzo konkretni
when somebody's viewing, watching
it's not me or you --
that we are looking to engage with.
do której chcemy trafić.
a pilot program called "One to One,"
programu "Jeden do jednego",
to a group of labeled neofascists
Messenger into their inbox, saying,
I've been there.
from this sort of interaction.
wywołają groźby śmierci.
a former neo-Nazi say, "Hey, how are you?"
pisze: "Hej, jak się masz?".
that around 60 percent
had sustained engagement,
utrzymało swoje zaangażowanie,
having conversations
about what they were going through,
na temat tego, co przeszli,
for talking about these subjects,
w postaci rozmowy na ten temat,
nietypowe branże.
unlikely sectors to the table.
all over the world,
na całym świecie,
their messages are not strategic
nie ma strategii
the audiences they want to reach.
do którego chcą dotrzeć.
of former extremists.
byłych ekstremistów.
in different parts of the world.
w różnych częściach świata.
to bring the tech sector to the table
sektor technologii do dialogu
and marketing expertise
oraz ekspertami od marketingu,
a more robust and challenging of extremism
that if you are in the audience
that this is your sector,
that you have right now
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Erin Marie Saltman - Policy researcherDr. Erin Marie Saltman manages Facebook's counterterrorism and counter-extremism policy work for Europe, the Middle East and Africa.
Why you should listen
Dr. Erin Marie Saltman's background and expertise includes both Far Right and Islamist extremist processes of radicalization within a range of regional and socio-political contexts. Her research and publications have focused on the evolving nature of online extremism and terrorism, gender dynamics within violent extremist organizations and youth radicalization. Saltman has previously held senior research positions at Quilliam Foundation and the Institute for Strategic Dialogue, where she managed international programs. She has also worked with local activists, artists and techies to challenge violent extremism.
As Facebook's Counterterrorism Policy Manager based in London, Saltman regularly speaks with both governments and NGOs on issues related to how Facebook counters terrorism and violent extremism. She has also helped establish the Global Internet Forum to Counter Terrorism, bringing together leading industry partners (Facebook, Google, Microsoft and Twitter) with smaller startups and tech companies to create cross-platform knowledge sharing, technology solutions and research.
Saltman remains a Research Fellow at the Institute for Strategic Dialogue. She is a graduate of Columbia University (BA) and University College London (MA and PhD). View her articles and publications here.
Erin Marie Saltman | Speaker | TED.com