Sangeeta Bhatia: This tiny particle could roam your body to find tumors
상기타 바티아 (Sangeeta Bhatia): 나노 물질이 몸 속에서 종양을 찾아냅니다
Sangeeta Bhatia is a cancer researcher, MIT professor and biotech entrepreneur who works to adapt technologies developed in the computer industry for medical innovation. Full bio
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to house one transistor,
차지하던 공간에
the size of an entire room
revolution in computers.
인상깊었습니다.
to reduce the number of lives lost
목숨을 잃는 환자를 줄이는데
diseases on Earth:
생각했습니다.
is that we're working on curing cancer.
말하는 걸로 알죠.
opportunity to save lives
생명을 살릴 기회는
and prevention of cancer.
due to cancer are fully preventable
have in hand today.
충분히 막을 수 있습니다.
and technologies that we have today,
they've started growing,
cancer cells strong.
deadly cancers sooner,
miniaturization might get us there.
말씀드리겠습니다.
for looking at a tissue specimen,
팹 테스트(자궁암 조기 검사)를 위해서
with years of specialized training
of mine at Rice University,
레베카 리차드 코텀이 보내준
is miniaturize that whole microscope
of an optical fiber.
of taking a sample from a patient
to the patient.
있게 된거죠.
a specialist to look at the images,
normal versus cancerous cells.
찾아보게 합니다.
working in rural communities,
a mobile screening van
and perform exams
hospital for analysis,
with an abnormal test result
because they can't afford the trip.
병원을 방문하지도 못합니다.
and computer analysis,
have been able to create a van
진단과 치료 장비를 갖춘 차량을
and a treatment setup.
is that they can do a diagnosis
miniaturization can save lives.
사례 중 하나일 뿐입니다.
as straight-up miniaturization.
생각했습니다.
and you made it little.
충분히 작게 만들면
for us to take them everywhere.
말씀드렸지요.
equivalent like that in medicine?
이에 해당되는 것은 뭘까요?
circulate in your body,
like science fiction.
allows us to do just that.
이렇게 할 수 있습니다.
the parts that make up the detector
actually change their properties
into gold nanoparticles,
금 나노 입자로 만들면
gold to looking red.
붉게 보이지요.
like cadmium selenide --
물질을 예로 들어볼까요.
형성하는데
out of this material
yellow, orange, red,
노랑, 주황, 빨강으로
like that in the macro world?
이런 물체를 상상할 수 있나요?
in your closet are all made of cotton,
모두 면 소재인데도
depending only on their size.
같다구요.
the color of materials
in your body also changes.
that we're going to use
보여드리겠습니다.
into the blood vessel
from the bloodstream into the tumor.
어떻게 종양으로 가는지 보겠습니다.
of many tumors are leaky,
from the bloodstream into the tumor.
이 구멍으로 빠져나와 종양으로 갑니다.
depends on their size.
빠져나올지 말지 결정되죠.
blue nanoparticles are leaking out,
작은 나노 입자가 새어 나오고 있고
red nanoparticles
큰 나노 입자는
or small I make a material,
정할 수 있겠더라구요.
a cancer nanodetector
나노 암 탐지기를 만들었는데
into the body and look for tumors.
종양을 찾아줍니다.
for tumor invasion:
감지하도록 설계했지요.
that tumors need to make to spread.
화학 신호들을 알아차립니다.
of the tissue that it's born in,
밖으로 커져 나오려면
잘게 뜯어서 나와야 하는데
the scaffolding of tissues.
화학 물질을 만들어 냅니다.
to be activated by these enzymes.
가동시키게 만든거지요.
of these chemical reactions in an hour.
활성화하는데 한 시간이 걸리지 않습니다.
that one-to-a-thousand ratio
cancer detector.
signal to the outside world,
외부로 보내
one more piece of nanoscale biology,
and put waste into the urine.
소변으로 보냅니다.
than five nanometers
5 나노미터보다 작은 건
through the kidney, into the urine,
that's bigger is retained.
cancer detector,
암 탐지기를 만들어
where it's activated by tumor enzymes
filtered out of the kidney
방출하는 겁니다.
that I can detect.
that we designed as engineers.
and we can design them
with our tool of choice.
sensitive, fancy instrument
with a unique mass.
만드는 겁니다.
that's more inexpensive and portable.
좋겠지요.
that we can trap on paper,
임신 테스트기같은
world of paper tests
in a field called paper diagnostics.
나오고 있습니다.
to keep us pushing forward,
지향할 꿈이 필요합니다
cancer researchers.
어쩌면 암 연구자니까 더 그래야하죠.
will happen with my technology,
이 기술로 제가 바라는 것을 만들어
our hearts and souls
an expensive screening facility
이렇게 될 수 있어요.
on a smartphone.
have this working in mice,
실험하고 있고
than existing methods
colon and ovarian cancer.
detect tumors in patients
after they've started growing,
10년이나 되기 전에
to earlier treatments,
than we can today,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sangeeta Bhatia - Physician, bioengineer and entrepreneurSangeeta Bhatia is a cancer researcher, MIT professor and biotech entrepreneur who works to adapt technologies developed in the computer industry for medical innovation.
Why you should listen
Trained as both a physician and engineer at Harvard, MIT, and Brown University, Sangeeta Bhatia leverages 'tiny technologies' of miniaturization to yield inventions with new applications in tissue regeneration, stem cell differentiation, medical diagnostics, predictive toxicology and drug delivery. She and her trainees have launched more than 10 biotechnology companies to improve human health.
Bhatia has received many honors including the Lemelson-MIT Prize, known as the 'Oscar for inventors,' and the Heinz Medal for groundbreaking inventions and advocacy for women in STEM fields. She is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator, the Director of the Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine at the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and an elected member of the National Academy of Engineering, the American Academy of Arts and Science and Brown University's Board of Trustees.
Sangeeta Bhatia | Speaker | TED.com