Sangeeta Bhatia: This tiny particle could roam your body to find tumors
Санґіта Бгатіа: Ця крихітна частинка могла б мандрувати вашим тілом у пошуку пухлини
Sangeeta Bhatia is a cancer researcher, MIT professor and biotech entrepreneur who works to adapt technologies developed in the computer industry for medical innovation. Full bio
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to house one transistor,
один транзистор,
the size of an entire room
що колись займав цілу кімнату,
revolution in computers.
в комп’ютерах.
to reduce the number of lives lost
зменшити кількість втрачених життів
diseases on Earth:
хвороб на Землі -
is that we're working on curing cancer.
працюємо над ліками від раку.
opportunity to save lives
рятувати життя
and prevention of cancer.
попередженню раку.
due to cancer are fully preventable
спричинених раком, можна попередити,
have in hand today.
and technologies that we have today,
сьогоденних технологій
they've started growing,
від початку їхнього росту.
cancer cells strong.
клітин раку.
deadly cancers sooner,
смертельного раку,
miniaturization might get us there.
як мініатюризація може нам допомогти.
for looking at a tissue specimen,
розглянути зразки тканин,
з шийки матки.
with years of specialized training
яка роками навчалася
of mine at Rice University,
is miniaturize that whole microscope
of an optical fiber.
of taking a sample from a patient
аналізи у пацієнта
to the patient.
a specialist to look at the images,
роздивлялись фото,
normal versus cancerous cells.
нормальні клітини від ракових.
working in rural communities,
a mobile screening van
and perform exams
hospital for analysis,
шпиталю на аналіз,
with an abnormal test result
дзвонять
because they can't afford the trip.
бо не може собі цього дозволити.
and computer analysis,
комп’ютерним аналізом
have been able to create a van
and a treatment setup.
і лікування.
is that they can do a diagnosis
діагностувати
miniaturization can save lives.
може рятувати життя.
as straight-up miniaturization.
and you made it little.
for us to take them everywhere.
щоб ми носили їх всюди з собою.
equivalent like that in medicine?
circulate in your body,
здатний циркулювати вашим тілом,
like science fiction.
allows us to do just that.
нам змогу робити саме це.
the parts that make up the detector
частини, з яких складається детектор,
actually change their properties
свої властивості
на кшталт золота
into gold nanoparticles,
у золоті наночасточки,
gold to looking red.
а червоним.
like cadmium selenide --
скажімо селенід кадмію -
out of this material
yellow, orange, red,
помаранчевим і червоним.
like that in the macro world?
предмет у макросвіті?
in your closet are all made of cotton,
зроблені з бавовни,
depending only on their size.
залежно від розміру.
the color of materials
in your body also changes.
по нашому тілу.
that we're going to use
використовувати,
into the blood vessel
у судину
from the bloodstream into the tumor.
з кров’яного потоку у пухлину.
of many tumors are leaky,
не щільні,
from the bloodstream into the tumor.
кров’яного потоку до пухлини.
depends on their size.
від їхнього розміру.
blue nanoparticles are leaking out,
100-нанометрів, витікають
red nanoparticles
or small I make a material,
чи великим я зроблю матеріал,
в нашому тілі.
a cancer nanodetector
зробили нанодетектор раку,
into the body and look for tumors.
тілом у пошуку пухлин.
for tumor invasion:
вторгнення пухлини,
that tumors need to make to spread.
необхідний їй для розповсюдження.
of the tissue that it's born in,
де вона зародилася,
the scaffolding of tissues.
з тканин.
to be activated by these enzymes.
активуються цими ферментами.
of these chemical reactions in an hour.
хімічних реакцій впродовж години.
that one-to-a-thousand ratio
кофіцієнтом підсилення
cancer detector.
signal to the outside world,
сигнал у зовнішньому світі,
one more piece of nanoscale biology,
наночасточку,
and put waste into the urine.
зайве із сечею.
than five nanometers
through the kidney, into the urine,
у сечею,
that's bigger is retained.
cancer detector,
завбільшки 100 нанометрів
where it's activated by tumor enzymes
ферменти пухлини
filtered out of the kidney
щоб нирки його вивели
that I can detect.
зможу ідентифікувати.
that we designed as engineers.
and we can design them
with our tool of choice.
інструментами.
sensitive, fancy instrument
інструмент під назвою
with a unique mass.
з унікальною масою.
that's more inexpensive and portable.
й портативне.
that we can trap on paper,
на папері,
world of paper tests
in a field called paper diagnostics.
це називається паперова діагностика.
веду протягом життя.
to keep us pushing forward,
що штовхають нас уперед,
cancer researchers.
will happen with my technology,
our hearts and souls
an expensive screening facility
щоб отримати результат
on a smartphone.
зображення на смартфон.
have this working in mice,
than existing methods
colon and ovarian cancer.
та яєчників.
detect tumors in patients
after they've started growing,
початку росту пухлини.
to earlier treatments,
than we can today,
ніж нам під силу сьогодні.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sangeeta Bhatia - Physician, bioengineer and entrepreneurSangeeta Bhatia is a cancer researcher, MIT professor and biotech entrepreneur who works to adapt technologies developed in the computer industry for medical innovation.
Why you should listen
Trained as both a physician and engineer at Harvard, MIT, and Brown University, Sangeeta Bhatia leverages 'tiny technologies' of miniaturization to yield inventions with new applications in tissue regeneration, stem cell differentiation, medical diagnostics, predictive toxicology and drug delivery. She and her trainees have launched more than 10 biotechnology companies to improve human health.
Bhatia has received many honors including the Lemelson-MIT Prize, known as the 'Oscar for inventors,' and the Heinz Medal for groundbreaking inventions and advocacy for women in STEM fields. She is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator, the Director of the Marble Center for Cancer Nanomedicine at the Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research and an elected member of the National Academy of Engineering, the American Academy of Arts and Science and Brown University's Board of Trustees.
Sangeeta Bhatia | Speaker | TED.com