Greg Gage: Electrical experiments with plants that count and communicate
Greg Gage: Eksperymenty elektryczne z roślinami, które potrafią liczyć i porozumiewać się
TED Fellow Greg Gage helps kids investigate the neuroscience in their own backyards. Full bio
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the next generation of neuroscientists
następnej generacji neurobiologów.
neuroscience research equipment
w gimnazjach i liceach.
in middle schools and high schools.
about the brain, which is very complex,
question about neuroscience,
that their cat or dog has a brain,
że kot albo pies ma mózg.
or even a small insect has a brain,
że nawet mysz lub insekt ma mózg.
that a plant or a tree
że roślina, drzewo
help describe a little bit
mają mózg, a inne nie?"
living things have brains versus not?"
with the classification
posiadania mózgu
because it is electrical.
to stimuli in the world
i wykonać ruch, jeśli to konieczne.
and push back on a student,
you say that plants don't have brains,
że rośliny nie mają mózgu,
"But that's a slow movement.
That could be a chemical process."
poruszającymi się roślinami?
the Royal Governor of North Carolina,
gubernator Karoliny Północnej,
która zamykała się błyskawicznie,
it made its way over to Europe,
got to study this plant,
plant in the world.
that was an evolutionary wonder.
about this plant.
is that the plant can count.
że ta roślina potrafi liczyć.
out of the way.
in the classroom with students.
an experiment on electrophysiology,
z elektrofizjologii,
of the body's electrical signal,
or from muscles.
here on my wrists.
albo elektrokardiogramem.
or the electrocardiogram.
from neurons in my heart
what's called action potentials,
meaning it moves quickly up and down,
a czynność - to ruch w górę i w dół,
the signal that you see here.
of what we'll be looking at right here,
na który będziemy patrzeć,
encodes information
introduce you to the mimosa,
in Central America and South America,
Centralnej i Południowej
I'm going to show you
tend to curl up.
zamiar odstraszenia owadów
could be that it scares away insects
dla roślinożerców.
Now, that's interesting.
żeby to zbadać.
potencjały elektryczne w moim ciele,
the electrical potential from my body,
potential from this plant, this mimosa.
u tej rośliny, mimozy.
is I've got a wire wrapped around the stem,
engineering joke. Alright.
and tap the leaf here,
co dzieje się wewnątrz rośliny.
at the electrical recording
I've got to scale it down.
that is happening inside the plant.
zarejestrowany w roślinie.
łodygi wywołało ruch.
to the end of the stem,
we would move our muscles,
otwierają się i uwalniają wodę.
it opens up, releases the water,
and the leaf falls.
encoding information to move. Alright?
kodujący informację o ruchu.
the Venus flytrap here,
at what happens inside the leaf
to be a fly right now.
you're going to notice
and those are trigger hairs.
one of the hairs right now.
a beautiful action potential.
o zachowaniu muchołówki.
about the behavior of the flytrap.
a long time to open the traps back up --
zabiera dużo czasu.
if there's no fly inside of it.
jeśli nie ma tam muchy.
that many flies throughout the year.
wielu much w ciągu roku.
most of its energy from the sun.
czerpie ze słońca.
some nutrients in the ground with flies.
nieobecnych w glebie.
i zamykają się tylko kilka razy,
a handful of times
to make really darn sure
before the flytrap snaps shut.
zanim zamknie blaszki.
touching of those hairs.
that there's a high probability,
chce poruszyć się szybko.
that it's going to be clicked together,
action potential,
and it doesn't fire again,
w tym czasie, zamyka się.
then the flytrap will close.
the Venus flytrap again.
for more than 20 seconds.
kiedy dotknę włoska drugi raz.
when I touch the hair a second time.
We get a second action potential,
the leaf a few times.
actually doing a computation.
if there's a fly inside the trap,
czy mucha jest w pułapce,
what the Tigers' score is.
self-actualization problems.
is something that's very similar to us,
to communicate using electricity.
przy pomocy elektryczności.
different ions than we do,
potencjałów czynnościowych,
of these action potentials,
potential in the mimosa.
an action potential in a human.
information is passed.
is we can use those action potentials
plant-to-plant communicator,
rozmowa między roślinami.
is we've created a brand new experiment
the action potential from a Venus flytrap,
muchołówki amerykańskiej
into the sensitive mimosa.
that are sending that information
of an action potential.
from the Venus flytrap
potencjał czynnościowy muchołówki
all the stems of the mimosa?
the behavior of the mimosas
w mimozie bez dotykania jej.
and trigger this mimosa right now
of the Venus flytrap.
about touch from one plant to another.
z jednej rośliny do drugiej
dzisiaj czegoś o roślinach.
something about plants today,
w nauczaniu neurobiologii
to help teach neuroscience
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Greg Gage - NeuroscientistTED Fellow Greg Gage helps kids investigate the neuroscience in their own backyards.
Why you should listen
As half of Backyard Brains, neuroscientist and engineer Greg Gage builds the SpikerBox -- a small rig that helps kids understand the electrical impulses that control the nervous system. He's passionate about helping students understand (viscerally) how our brains and our neurons work, because, as he said onstage at TED2012, we still know very little about how the brain works -- and we need to start inspiring kids early to want to know more.
Before becoming a neuroscientist, Gage worked as an electrical engineer making touchscreens. As he told the Huffington Post: "Scientific equipment in general is pretty expensive, but it's silly because before [getting my PhD in neuroscience] I was an electrical engineer, and you could see that you could make it yourself. So we started as a way to have fun, to show off to our colleagues, but we were also going into classrooms around that time and we thought, wouldn't it be cool if you could bring these gadgets with us so the stuff we were doing in advanced Ph.D. programs in neuroscience, you could also do in fifth grade?" His latest pieces of gear: the Roboroach, a cockroach fitted with an electric backpack that makes it turn on command, and BYB SmartScope, a smartphone-powered microscope.
Greg Gage | Speaker | TED.com