ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Juliana Machado Ferreira - Biologist
Brazilian-born biologist Juliana Machado Ferreira wants, simply, to save the world one bird at a time. She is a TED Senior Fellow.

Why you should listen

TED Senior Fellow Juliana Machado Ferreira is pursuing her doctorate in Conservation Genetics at the Laboratory of Evolutionary Biology and Vertebrate Conservation (LABEC) at São Paulo University. Her current project involves developing species-specific molecular markers and population genetics studies of four passerine birds, with the aim to understand the distribution of their genetic variability and to track down the origin of birds seized from illegal trade.

She works closely with the National Fish and Wildlife Forensics Laboratory, and her ultimate goal is to help set up a Wildlife Forensics Laboratory in Brazil.

Read a Q&A with Juliana on the TED Fellows site >>

More profile about the speaker
Juliana Machado Ferreira | Speaker | TED.com
TED2010

Juliana Machado Ferreira: The fight to end rare-animal trafficking in Brazil

Juliana Machado Ferreira: A luta para acabar com o tráfico de animais no Brasil

Filmed:
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A Bióloga Juliana Machado Ferreira, uma TED Senior Fellow, fala sobre seu trabalho ajudando a salvar os pássaros e outros animais roubados da natureza no Brasil. Uma vez que estes animais são apreendidos de traficantes, ela pergunta, e então?
- Biologist
Brazilian-born biologist Juliana Machado Ferreira wants, simply, to save the world one bird at a time. She is a TED Senior Fellow. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:15
Illegal wildlife trade in Brazil
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O comércio ilegal de animais silvestres no Brasil
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is one of the major threats against our fauna,
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é uma das principais ameaças contra a nossa fauna,
00:22
especially birds,
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especialmente aves,
00:24
and mainly to supply the pet market
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e principalmente para abastecer o mercado de animais de estimação.
00:27
with thousands of animals taken from nature every month,
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Com milhares de animais retirados da natureza todos os meses,
00:31
and transported far from their origins,
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e transportados para longe das suas origens,
00:34
to be sold mainly in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
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para serem vendidos principalmente no Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo.
00:38
It is estimated that
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Estima-se que
00:40
all kinds of illegal wildlife trade in Brazil
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todos os tipos de comércio ilegal de animais silvestres no Brasil
00:43
withdraw from nature
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retiram da natureza
00:45
almost 38 million animals every year,
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quase 38 milhões de animais a cada ano,
00:49
a business worth almost two billion dollars.
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um negócio no valor de quase dois bilhões de dólares.
00:53
The police intercepts
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A polícia intercepta
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these huge cargos with live animals,
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estas enormes cargas com animais vivos,
00:58
intended to supply the pet market,
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destinadas ao abastecimento do mercado de animais de estimação
01:01
or they seize the animals directly from the people's houses,
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ou apreendem os animais diretamente na casa das pessoas.
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and this is how we end up, every month,
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E é assim que acabamos, a cada mês,
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with thousands of seized animals.
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com milhares de animais apreendidos.
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And for us to understand what happens with them,
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E para nós entendermos o que acontece com eles,
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we're going to follow Brad.
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vamos acompanhar o Brad.
01:18
In the eyes of many people,
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Aos olhos de muitas pessoas,
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after the animals are seized,
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depois que os animais são apreendidos,
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they say, "Yay, justice has been served.
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eles dizem, "Ehh, a justiça foi feita.
01:25
The good guys arrived,
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Os mocinhos chegaram,
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took the cute, mistreated animals
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e libertaram os lindos animaizinhos maltratados
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from the hands of the evil traffickers,
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das mãos dos malvados traficantes,
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and everyone lived happily ever after."
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e todos viveram felizes para sempre."
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But did they? Actually, no,
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Mas será mesmo? Na verdade não.
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and this is where many of our problems begin.
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E é aqui que muitos dos nossos problemas começam.
01:41
Because we have to figure out
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Porque temos que resolver
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what to do with all these animals.
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o que faremos com todos esses animais.
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In Brazil, they are usually first sent
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No Brasil, eles são geralmente enviados primeiro
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to governmental triage facilities,
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para instações governamentais de triagem,
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in which most of the cases,
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onde na maioria dos casos
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the conditions are as bad as
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as condições são tão ruins quanto
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with the traffickers.
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as dos traficantes.
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In 2002, these centers received
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Em 2002, esses centros receberam
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45,000 animals,
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45.000 animais,
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of which 37,000 were birds.
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dos quais 37.000 eram pássaros.
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And the police estimates that we seize
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E a polícia estima que apreendemos cerca de
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only five percent of what's being trafficked.
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cinco por cento do que está sendo traficado.
02:12
Some lucky ones -- and among them, Brad --
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Alguns sortudos, entre eles, Brad,
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go to serious rehabilitation centers after that.
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vão para centros de reabilitação depois disso.
02:18
And in these places they are cared for.
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E nesses lugares eles são tratados.
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They train their flying,
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Eles treinam seus vôos.
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they learn how to recognize the food they will find in nature,
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Eles aprendem a reconhecer os alimentos que encontrarão na natureza.
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and they are able to socialize
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E eles são capazes de socializar
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with others from the same species.
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com outros da mesma espécie.
02:31
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
02:33
But then what?
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Mas e então?
02:35
The Brazil Ornithological Society --
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A Sociedade Brasileira de Ornitologia,
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so now we're talking only birds --
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agora estamos falando apenas em aves,
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claims that we have too little knowledge
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alega que temos pouco conhecimento
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about the species in nature.
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sobre as espécies na natureza.
02:45
Therefore, it would be too risky
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Assim, seria muito arriscado
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to release these animals,
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soltar esses animais,
02:49
both for the released and for the natural populations.
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tanto para o animal solto quanto para as populações naturais.
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They also claim that we spend too many resources
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Eles também afirmam que nós gastamos muitos recursos
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in their rehabilitation.
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em suas reabilitações.
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Following this argument,
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Seguindo este argumento,
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they suggest that all the birds
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eles sugerem que todas as aves
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seized from non-threatened species
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apreendidas de espécies não ameaçadas
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should be euthanized.
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deveriam ser sacrificadas.
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However, this would mean having killed
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No entanto, isso significaria ter matado
03:11
26,267 birds,
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26.267 aves,
03:15
only in the state of São Paulo, only in 2006.
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apenas no estado de São Paulo, apenas em 2006.
03:20
But, some researchers, myself included --
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Mas, alguns pesquisadores, inclusive eu,
03:24
some NGOs and some people from the Brazilian government --
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algumas ONGs e algumas pessoas do governo brasileiro
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believe there is an alternative.
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acreditam que há uma alternativa.
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We think that if and when the animals meet
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Achamos que, se e quando os animais cumprirem
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certain criteria concerning their health,
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certos critérios relativos à sua saúde,
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behavior, inferred origin
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comportamento, origem presumida,
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and whatever we know about the natural populations,
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e tudo o mais que soubermos sobre as populações naturais,
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then technically responsible releases are possible,
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então solturas técnicas responsáveis são possíveis.
03:47
both for the well-being of the individual,
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Tanto para o bem-estar do indivíduo,
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and for the conservation of the species and their ecosystems,
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quanto para a conservação das espécies e de seus ecossistemas.
03:54
because we will be returning genes for these populations --
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Porque estaremos retornando genes à essas populações,
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which could be important for them
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que poderiam ser importantes à elas
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in facing environmental challenges --
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ao enfrentar os desafios ambientais.
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and also we could be returning
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E também poderíamos retornar
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potential seed dispersers, predators, preys, etc.
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potenciais dispersores de sementes, predadores, presas, etc.
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All of these were released by us.
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Todos estes foram soltos por nós.
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On the top, the turtles are just enjoying freedom.
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No topo, as tartarugas estão apenas "desfrutando a liberdade".
04:15
(Laughter)
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No meio,
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On the middle,
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este cara fez um ninho algumas semanas após a soltura.
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this guy nested a couple of weeks after the release.
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E embaixo, o meu favorito
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And on the bottom, my personal favorite,
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aquele macho pequeno ali,
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the little male over there,
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quatro horas após a sua soltura
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four hours after his release
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ele estava junto com uma fêmea silvestre.
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he was together with a wild female.
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Então, isso não é novidade, as pessoas
04:33
So, this is not new, people have been
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as pessoas têm feito isso no mundo todo.
04:35
doing this around the world.
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Mas ainda é um grande problema no Brasil.
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But it's still a big issue in Brazil.
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Acreditamos que temos realizado
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We believe we have performed
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solturas responsáveis.
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responsible releases.
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Temos constatado animais soltos acasalando na natureza,
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We've registered released animals mating in nature
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e tendo filhotes.
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and having chicks.
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Assim, estes genes estão realmente voltando para as populações.
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So, these genes are indeed going back to the populations.
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No entanto, estes registros ainda são uma minoria
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However this is still a minority
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se comparados com a falta de conhecimento.
04:56
for the very lack of knowledge.
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Então eu digo, vamos estudar mais, vamos esclarecer esta questão,
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So, I say, "Let's study more, let's shed light on this issue,
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Vamos fazer tudo o que pudermos.
05:02
let's do whatever we can."
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Estou dedicando a minha carreira à isso.
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I'm devoting my career to that.
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E estou aqui para impelir a todos e cada um de vocês
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And I'm here to urge each and every one of you
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para fazer o que estiver em seu alcance,
05:09
to do whatever is in your reach:
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fale com seu vizinho, ensine seus filhos,
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Talk to your neighbor, teach your children,
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Verifique se o seu animal de estimação veio de um criador legalizado.
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make sure your pet is from a legal breeder.
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Precisamos agir, e agir agora
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We need to act, and act now,
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antes que esses sejam os únicos restantes.
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before these ones are the only ones left.
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Muito obrigado.
05:23
Thank you very much.
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(Aplausos)
05:25
(Applause)
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Translated by Fabio Roselet
Reviewed by Rodrigo Gomes

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Juliana Machado Ferreira - Biologist
Brazilian-born biologist Juliana Machado Ferreira wants, simply, to save the world one bird at a time. She is a TED Senior Fellow.

Why you should listen

TED Senior Fellow Juliana Machado Ferreira is pursuing her doctorate in Conservation Genetics at the Laboratory of Evolutionary Biology and Vertebrate Conservation (LABEC) at São Paulo University. Her current project involves developing species-specific molecular markers and population genetics studies of four passerine birds, with the aim to understand the distribution of their genetic variability and to track down the origin of birds seized from illegal trade.

She works closely with the National Fish and Wildlife Forensics Laboratory, and her ultimate goal is to help set up a Wildlife Forensics Laboratory in Brazil.

Read a Q&A with Juliana on the TED Fellows site >>

More profile about the speaker
Juliana Machado Ferreira | Speaker | TED.com

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