TED2010
Juliana Machado Ferreira: The fight to end rare-animal trafficking in Brazil
Juliana Machado Ferreira: Borba za prekid trgovine rijetkih životinja u Brazilu
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Biolog Juliana Machado Ferreira, stariji TED kolega, govori o njenom radu gdje pomaže spasiti ptice i druge životinje ukradene iz divljine u Brazilu. Nakon što su ove životinje oduzete od krijumčara, ona pita, što učiniti onda?
Juliana Machado Ferreira - Biologist
Brazilian-born biologist Juliana Machado Ferreira wants, simply, to save the world one bird at a time. She is a TED Senior Fellow. Full bio
Brazilian-born biologist Juliana Machado Ferreira wants, simply, to save the world one bird at a time. She is a TED Senior Fellow. Full bio
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00:15
Illegal wildlife trade in Brazil
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Ilegalna trgovina divljim životinjama u Brazilu
00:19
is one of the major threats against our fauna,
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je jedna od glavnih prijetnji našoj fauni,
00:22
especially birds,
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osobito pticama,
00:24
and mainly to supply the pet market
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i uglavnom služi za opskrbu tržišta ljubimaca
00:27
with thousands of animals taken from nature every month,
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sa tisućama životinja otetih iz prirode svaki mjesec,
00:31
and transported far from their origins,
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i transportiranih daleko od svojeg podrijetla,
00:34
to be sold mainly in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
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kako bi se prodavale uglavnom u Rio de Janeiru i São Paulu.
00:38
It is estimated that
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Procjenjuje se da su
00:40
all kinds of illegal wildlife trade in Brazil
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sve vrste ilegalne trgovine divljih životinja u Brazilu
00:43
withdraw from nature
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povukle iz prirode
00:45
almost 38 million animals every year,
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gotovo 38 milijuna životinja svake godine,
00:49
a business worth almost two billion dollars.
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posao vrijedan gotovo dvije milijarde dolara.
00:53
The police intercepts
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Policija presreće
00:55
these huge cargos with live animals,
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ogromne kontejnere sa živim životinjama,
00:58
intended to supply the pet market,
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namijenjenih za opskrbu tržišta ljubimaca
01:01
or they seize the animals directly from the people's houses,
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ili oduzmu životinje direktno ljudima iz kuće.
01:05
and this is how we end up, every month,
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A na kraju završimo, svaki mjesec,
01:08
with thousands of seized animals.
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s tisućama zaplijenjenih životinja.
01:12
And for us to understand what happens with them,
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A za nas da shvatimo što se događa s njima,
01:14
we're going to follow Brad.
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slijedit ćemo Brada.
01:18
In the eyes of many people,
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U očima mnogih ljudi,
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after the animals are seized,
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nakon što su životinje zaplijenjene,
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they say, "Yay, justice has been served.
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kažu, "Jupi, pravda je zadovoljena.
01:25
The good guys arrived,
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Dobri momci su stigli,
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took the cute, mistreated animals
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oduzeli slatke izmaltretirane životinje
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from the hands of the evil traffickers,
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iz ruku zlih trgovaca,
01:31
and everyone lived happily ever after."
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i svi su živjeli sretno do kraja života."
01:36
But did they? Actually, no,
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Ali jesu li? Zapravo ne.
01:38
and this is where many of our problems begin.
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A to je gdje mnogi naši problemi počinju.
01:41
Because we have to figure out
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Budući da moramo shvatiti što
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what to do with all these animals.
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učiniti sa svim tim životinjama.
01:46
In Brazil, they are usually first sent
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U Brazilu, obično su prvo poslane
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to governmental triage facilities,
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državnim trijažnim ustanovama,
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in which most of the cases,
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u kojoj su u većini slučajeva
01:53
the conditions are as bad as
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uvjeti loši kao i
01:55
with the traffickers.
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kod trgovaca.
01:57
In 2002, these centers received
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U 2002. ti centri primili
02:00
45,000 animals,
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su 45.000 životinja,
02:03
of which 37,000 were birds.
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od kojih su 37.000 ptice.
02:06
And the police estimates that we seize
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I policija procjenjuje da zaplijenimo
02:08
only five percent of what's being trafficked.
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pet posto žrtava trgovine.
02:12
Some lucky ones -- and among them, Brad --
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Neki sretnici, a među njima, Brad,
02:15
go to serious rehabilitation centers after that.
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idu u ozbiljne rehabilitacijske centre nakon toga.
02:18
And in these places they are cared for.
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I u tim mjestima su zbrinuti.
02:22
They train their flying,
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Treniraju letenje.
02:24
they learn how to recognize the food they will find in nature,
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Uče kako prepoznati hranu koju će pronaći u prirodi.
02:27
and they are able to socialize
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I u mogućnosti su družiti se
02:29
with others from the same species.
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s drugima iz iste vrste.
02:31
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
02:33
But then what?
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Ali što onda?
02:35
The Brazil Ornithological Society --
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Brazilsko Ornitološko društvo,
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so now we're talking only birds --
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sada govorimo samo za ptice,
02:40
claims that we have too little knowledge
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tvrdi da imamo premalo znanja
02:43
about the species in nature.
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o vrstama u prirodi.
02:45
Therefore, it would be too risky
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Stoga bi bilo previše rizično
02:47
to release these animals,
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osloboditi te životinje,
02:49
both for the released and for the natural populations.
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i za puštene i za prirodne populacije.
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They also claim that we spend too many resources
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Tvrde da trošimo previše resursa
02:56
in their rehabilitation.
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u njihovoj rehabilitaciji.
02:58
Following this argument,
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Slijedeći ovaj argument,
03:00
they suggest that all the birds
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oni ukazuju na to da sve ptice
03:02
seized from non-threatened species
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oduzete iz neugroženih vrsta
03:05
should be euthanized.
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treba eutanazirati.
03:07
However, this would mean having killed
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Međutim, to bi značilo ubiti
03:11
26,267 birds,
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26.267 ptica,
03:15
only in the state of São Paulo, only in 2006.
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samo u državi São Paulo, samo u 2006.
03:20
But, some researchers, myself included --
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Ali, neki istraživači, i ja osobno,
03:24
some NGOs and some people from the Brazilian government --
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neke nevladine organizacije i neki ljudi iz brazilske vlasti
03:28
believe there is an alternative.
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vjeruju da postoji alternativa.
03:30
We think that if and when the animals meet
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Mislimo da ako i kada životinje
03:34
certain criteria concerning their health,
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zadovolje određene kriterije u vezi njihovog zdravlja,
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behavior, inferred origin
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ponašanja, zaključenog podrijetla,
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and whatever we know about the natural populations,
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i što god znamo o prirodnim populacijama,
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then technically responsible releases are possible,
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zatim ih je tehnički odgovorno pustiti.
03:47
both for the well-being of the individual,
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I za dobrobit pojedinca,
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and for the conservation of the species and their ecosystems,
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kao i za očuvanje vrsta i njihovih ekosistema.
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because we will be returning genes for these populations --
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Zato što ćemo vratiti gene ove populacije
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which could be important for them
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koji bi im mogli biti važni
04:00
in facing environmental challenges --
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u suočavanju izazova u očuvanju okoliša.
04:03
and also we could be returning
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I također bi mogli vratiti
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potential seed dispersers, predators, preys, etc.
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potencijalnog disperzera sjemena, predatora, lovinu, itd.
04:11
All of these were released by us.
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Svi ovi su pušteni kod nas.
04:13
On the top, the turtles are just enjoying freedom.
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Na vrhu, kornjače samo uživaju u slobodi.
04:15
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
04:17
On the middle,
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Na sredini,
04:19
this guy nested a couple of weeks after the release.
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ovaj tip ugniježđen nekoliko tjedana nakon puštanja.
04:22
And on the bottom, my personal favorite,
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A na dnu, moj osobni favorit,
04:25
the little male over there,
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malo muško tamo,
04:27
four hours after his release
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četiri sata nakon njegova puštanja
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he was together with a wild female.
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on je bio zajedno sa divljom ženom.
04:33
So, this is not new, people have been
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Dakle, ovo nije novo, ljudi su to
04:35
doing this around the world.
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radili širom svijeta.
04:37
But it's still a big issue in Brazil.
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Ali to je još uvijek veliki problem u Brazilu.
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We believe we have performed
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Vjerujemo da smo izvodili
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responsible releases.
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odgovorno puštanje.
04:43
We've registered released animals mating in nature
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Registrirali smo parenje u prirodi puštenih životinja,
04:47
and having chicks.
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i dobivanje mladih.
04:49
So, these genes are indeed going back to the populations.
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Dakle, ti geni se doista vraćaju populaciji.
04:54
However this is still a minority
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Međutim, ovo je još uvijek manjina
04:56
for the very lack of knowledge.
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uz veliki nedostatak znanja.
04:59
So, I say, "Let's study more, let's shed light on this issue,
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Dakle, kažem da ih proučimo više, obasjajmo ovo pitanje,
05:02
let's do whatever we can."
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učinimo sve što možemo.
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I'm devoting my career to that.
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Posvetila sam svoju karijeru tome.
05:06
And I'm here to urge each and every one of you
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I ja sam ovdje kako bih potakla svakog od vas
05:09
to do whatever is in your reach:
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da učinite sve što je u vašem dosegu,
05:11
Talk to your neighbor, teach your children,
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razgovarajte sa svojim susjedom, učite vašu djecu,
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make sure your pet is from a legal breeder.
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provjerite je li vaš ljubimac od legalnih uzgajivača.
05:17
We need to act, and act now,
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Moramo djelovati, i djelovati sada
05:20
before these ones are the only ones left.
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prije nego što su ovi jedini ostali.
05:23
Thank you very much.
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Puno hvala.
05:25
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Juliana Machado Ferreira - BiologistBrazilian-born biologist Juliana Machado Ferreira wants, simply, to save the world one bird at a time. She is a TED Senior Fellow.
Why you should listen
TED Senior Fellow Juliana Machado Ferreira is pursuing her doctorate in Conservation Genetics at the Laboratory of Evolutionary Biology and Vertebrate Conservation (LABEC) at São Paulo University. Her current project involves developing species-specific molecular markers and population genetics studies of four passerine birds, with the aim to understand the distribution of their genetic variability and to track down the origin of birds seized from illegal trade.
She works closely with the National Fish and Wildlife Forensics Laboratory, and her ultimate goal is to help set up a Wildlife Forensics Laboratory in Brazil.
Juliana Machado Ferreira | Speaker | TED.com