Wendy Troxel: Why school should start later for teens
Wendy Troxel: Porque é que a escola devia começar mais tarde para os adolescentes
Wendy Troxel specializes in behavioral treatments for insomnia and other sleep disorders. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
is fast asleep in his bed,
está a dormir na sua cama,
deep sleep of a teenager.
e profundo de adolescente.
shake the poor boy awake,
o pobre rapaz para o acordar,
like ripping off a Band-Aid,
arrancar um penso rápido,
just to rouse her sleeping teen.
só para acordar o seu adolescente.
on her son's head
of the sleep he desperately needs
que ele desesperadamente precisa
biological clock tells him he's ready,
lhe dizer que ele está pronto,
of his dreams --
with learning, memory consolidation
à aprendizagem, à consolidação da memória,
that's being deprived of sleep.
que está a ser privado do sono.
American teenagers is an epidemic.
norte-americanos é uma epidemia.
the eight to 10 hours of sleep per night
entre as 8 a 10 horas por noite
and pediatricians.
por cientistas do sono e pediatras.
my kid's getting eight hours,"
o meu filho dorme oito horas",
the minimum recommendation.
getting a C on your report card.
uma nota de suficiente.
contributing to this epidemic,
para esta epidemia,
from getting the sleep they need
os adolescentes de dormir o que precisam
nem a vida social ou o Snapchat.
around 7:30am or earlier,
às sete e meia da manhã ou antes,
medical organizations recommend
médicas recomendarem
start no earlier than 8:30am.
não comecem antes das oito e meia.
have a direct effect on how much --
tem um efeito direto
American teenagers are getting.
os adolescentes norte-americanos.
teenagers and their parents
os adolescentes e os seus pais
against their own bodies.
contra o seu próprio corpo.
in their biological clock,
no seu relógio biológico,
and when we feel most sleepy.
mais acordados ou mais sonolentos.
in the release of the hormone melatonin.
na libertação da hormona melatonina.
melatonin until around 11pm,
começa a libertar melatonina
we see in adults or younger children.
em adultos ou crianças mais novas.
at 6am is the biological equivalent
às seis da manhã é o equivalente biológico
when I have to wake up at 4am,
que acordar às quatro da manhã,
teenagers feel every single school day.
americanos se sentem todos os dias.
that we chalk up to being a teenager --
aos adolescentes,
laziness, depression --
preguiça, depressão —
of chronic sleep deprivation.
crónica de sono.
battling chronic sleep loss,
contra a perda crónica de sono
is consuming large quantities of caffeine
grandes quantidades de cafeína,
of tired but wired youth.
de jovens cansados mas "ligados".
start times know
compatíveis com o sono, sabem
of dramatic brain development,
de grande desenvolvimento cerebral,
higher order thinking processes,
de pensamento de ordem superior,
and good judgment.
de problemas e o discernimento.
of brain activity that's responsible
atividades cerebrais responsáveis
and often risky behaviors
impulsivos e às vezes, arriscados
to us parents of teenagers.
para nós, os pais de adolescentes.
get the sleep they need,
não dormem o que precisam,
and behaviors suffer
e o seu comportamento sofrem
behavioral signs that mimic ADHD.
semelhantes a défice de atenção.
go well beyond the classroom,
vão muito além da sala de aula,
of the mental health problems
dos problemas de saúde mentais
do distrito escolar de Los Angeles,
from LA Unified School District,
com problemas relacionados com o sono
to have used alcohol in the past month.
consumido álcool no mês anterior.
30,000 high school students,
estudantes do ensino secundário,
for each hour of lost sleep,
por cada hora de sono perdido,
in feeling sad or hopeless,
na sensação de tristeza ou desespero,
in teen suicide attempts.
de suicídio entre adolescentes.
are at increased risk
correm maior risco
that plague our country,
que afligem o nosso país,
heart disease and diabetes.
as doenças cardíacas e a diabetes.
of putting a sleep-deprived teen,
que um adolescente privado de sono,
or less of sleep per night
cinco horas ou menos por noite
alcohol content above the legal limit.
de álcool no sangue acima do limite legal.
compatíveis com o sono
of later start times.
de horários de início mais tardio.
with that kind of certainty.
com tanta certeza.
with later start times get more sleep.
de início mais tardio dormem mais.
that if schools start later,
se as aulas começarem mais tarde
by 25 percent in one district.
que abandonem os estudos.
they do better academically.
melhor aproveitamento académico.
for reducing the achievement gap.
a diferença de resultados.
in math and reading
de matemática e leitura
três pontos percentuais.
by one-third fewer students,
o tamanho das turmas num terço,
in the classroom
more pleasantness from our teens,
fossem um pouco mais agradáveis
failed to heed this call?
não atende a essa chamada de atenção?"
start times goes something like this:
horários de início mais tardios são:
para os adolescentes?
start times for teenagers?
so they're ready for the real world!"
para prepará-los para o mundo real!"
to the parent of a two-year-old,
de uma criança de dois anos:
para o pré-escolar".
many logistical challenges.
apresenta problemas logísticos.
e para as famílias,
that come up in district after district,
levantadas distrito após distrito,
do início das aulas.
we have to work through.
que temos que resolver.
for our children,
pelos nossos filhos,
no earlier than 8:30am.
do 3.º ciclo e do secundário
who have made this change,
que fizeram essa mudança,
are often unfounded
são frequentemente infundados
benefits for student health
to set our clocks back by an hour
adiantarmos os relógios uma hora,
extra hour of sleep,
hora extra de sono,
to wake up naturally,
acordar naturalmente,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Wendy Troxel - Sleep researcherWendy Troxel specializes in behavioral treatments for insomnia and other sleep disorders.
Why you should listen
Dr. Wendy Troxel is a Senior Behavioral and Social Scientist at RAND and Adjunct Professor of Psychiatry and Psychology at the University of Pittsburgh. She is a licensed clinical psychologist specializing in behavioral treatments for insomnia and other sleep disorders across the lifespan. Her research is funded by the National Heart Lung Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health and the Department of Defense. Troxel's research focuses on the interface between sleep, social environment and health, as well as the implications for public policy. She is considered the leading authority on how sleep affects and is affected by close relationships.
Troxel has received several awards and honors for her research from national and international scientific societies, and her work has been published in top-tier medical and psychological journals. Her research has been widely cited in the national and international media, including print and television interviews on CBS Sunday Morning, Good Morning America, the Wall Street Journal, the New York Times, MSNBC and CNN, and she has a regular blog on Huffington Post. Her research on sleep was also featured in two best-selling books: Arianna Huffington's Sleep Revolution and David Randall's Dreamland, and she was a featured expert in the National Geographic documentary Sleepless in America. She has published several highly influential RAND reports on sleep loss in the US military and the global economic implications of sleep loss. She recently was one of the co-organizers and presenters at the first-ever national conference on Adolescent Sleep, Health, and School Start Times, and she will serve as guest editor on an upcoming special issue in the journal Sleep Health on adolescent sleep and school start times.
Wendy Troxel | Speaker | TED.com