ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Katrina Spade - Inventor, designer, death care advocate
Katrina Spade created a system called "recomposition" that transforms human bodies into soil, so that we can return to the earth after we die.

Why you should listen

Katrina Spade is a designer and entrepreneur who focuses on transforming death care. As the founder and CEO of Recompose, she is developing a new model of caring for our dead which focuses on transparency, participation, and nature. She has a Masters in Architecture from the University of Massachusetts Amherst, a certificate in Sustainable Design and Building from Yestermorrow Design/Build School and a Bachelors in Cultural Anthropology from Haverford College.

Spade's work has been featured in The AtlanticWired, and the New York Times. She is an Echoing Green Climate Fellow.

More profile about the speaker
Katrina Spade | Speaker | TED.com
TEDxOrcasIsland

Katrina Spade: When I die, recompose me

Katrina Spade: Candu mi morru, torraimi' a compostai

Filmed:
1,346,082 views

Itta chi in tambus de essi imbratzimaus e interraus o abruxiaus is corpus cosa nosta podiant pesai vida noa a pustis chi si moreus? Ascurtai a Katrina Spade chi chistionat de "ricompositzioni", unu sistema ci imperat su processu de decompositzioni naturali po torrai is mortus a terra fertili, torrendi onori a sa terra e a is mortus.
- Inventor, designer, death care advocate
Katrina Spade created a system called "recomposition" that transforms human bodies into soil, so that we can return to the earth after we die. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
My name is Katrina Spade,
and I grew up in a medical family
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Mi nanta Katrina Spade e m'ant pesau
in d'una famiglia de dotoris.
00:16
where it was fairly normal to talk
about death and dying at the dinner table.
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A chistionai de sa morti o de morri
non pariat stranu mancu a mesa.
00:21
But I didn't go into medicine
like so many of my family members.
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Però deu no apu studiau a dotori
cumenti a medas in sa famiglia mia.
00:24
Instead, I went to architecture school
to learn how to design.
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Apu scerau de istudiai architetura
po imparai a progetai.
00:29
And while I was there,
I began to be curious
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Candu fuemu studiendi innias fuemu curiosa
00:32
about what would happen
to my physical body after I died.
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de ita iat a sutzedi a su corpus cosa mia
a pustis de sa morti.
00:36
What would my nearest
and dearest do with me?
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Ita nd'iant a fai de mei is parentis?
00:39
So if the existence
and the fact of your own mortality
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Duncas si s'esistenzia e sa realtadi
de sa mortalidadi
00:43
doesn't get you down,
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no si tirat a terra,
00:45
the state of our current
funerary practices will.
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dd'ant a fai is praticas de s'interru
prus comunas.
00:49
Today, almost 50 percent of Americans
choose conventional burial.
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Oi in di', giai metadi de is americanus
si faint interrai.
S'interru convenzionali cumentzat
cun s'imbalsamatzioni,
00:55
Conventional burial begins with embalming,
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00:57
where funeral staff drain bodily fluid
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si drenant is licuidus de su corpus
01:00
and replace it with a mixture
designed to preserve the corpse
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e si prenit de unu amesturu
chi serbit a preservai su corpus
01:04
and give it a lifelike glow.
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e a ddu fai parri biu.
01:07
Then, as you know,
bodies are buried in a casket
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A pustis, ddu scireis,
su corpus est postu in s'inbaulu
01:11
in a concrete-lined grave
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a intru de una tumba
01:13
in a cemetery.
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in campusantu.
01:16
All told, in US cemeteries,
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A intru de is campusantus americanus
01:18
we bury enough metal
to build a Golden Gate Bridge,
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interraus metallus bastantis
a fai un ateru Golden Gate,
01:24
enough wood to build
1,800 single family homes,
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linna bastanti a fai 1800 domus
01:28
and enough formaldehyde-laden
embalming fluid
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e fluidu cun formaldeide de imbalsimai
01:30
to fill eight Olympic-size swimming pools.
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po preni ottu piscinas olimpicas.
01:35
In addition, cemeteries
all over the world are reaching capacity.
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Puru, is campusantus de su mundu
funt acanta de essi prenus.
01:39
Turns out, it doesn't really
make good business sense
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Tocad a nai ca no est
una grandu cosa po is afarius
01:42
to sell someone
a piece of land for eternity.
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a bendi un arrogheddu de terra
po s'eternidadi.
01:46
(Laughter)
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(Arrisus)
01:48
Whose idea was that?
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Chini at tentu custa idea?
01:49
In some places, you can't buy a plot
no matter how much money you have.
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In certus logus, no podis comprai
una tumba in terra po cantu arricu siasta
01:54
As a result, cremation rates
have risen fast.
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Est po custu chi is crematzionis
funti crescias de pressi.
01:58
In 1950, if you suggested your grandmother
be incinerated after she died,
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In su 1950, chi iasta inditau
a cremai a aiaia tua
02:03
you'd probably be kicked
from the family deathbed.
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ti iant essi bogau a son'e corru
de su pomentu.
02:06
But today, almost half
of Americans choose cremation,
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Oi in di', metadi de is americanus
scerant sa crematzioni,
02:10
citing simpler,
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poita est prus simpri,
02:12
cheaper
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prus barata e prus ecologica.
02:14
and more ecological as reasons.
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02:17
I used to think that cremation
was a sustainable form of disposition,
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Pentzamu ca sa crematzioni
fued un interru ecologicu
02:22
but just think about it for a second.
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ma pentzainci pagu pagu.
02:24
Cremation destroys the potential we have
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Sa crematzioni abruxiat
su potentziali chi teneus
02:27
to give back to the earth
after we've died.
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de torrai a sa terra a pustis de sa morti.
02:31
It uses an energy-intensive process
to turn bodies into ash,
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Serbit unu processu cun meda energia
po torrai su corpus a cinixiu,
02:35
polluting the air
and contributing to climate change.
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imbrutat s'aria
e cuncurrit a su cambiamentu climaticu.
02:39
All told, cremations in the US
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Cunziderendi totu,
in America is crematzionis
02:42
emit a staggering 600 million
pounds of carbon dioxide
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bogant donnia annu 300 milionis
de tonnelladas de anidride carbonica
02:46
into the atmosphere annually.
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in s'atmosfera.
02:50
The truly awful truth
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Sa beridadi
02:52
is that the very last thing
that most of us will do on this earth
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est chi s'urtima cosa chi fadeus
in custa terra
02:57
is poison it.
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est a dda farenai.
03:03
It's like we've created, accepted
and death-denied our way into a status quo
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Eus creau, acetau e negau
sa morti fintzas a ponni
03:08
that puts as much distance
between ourselves and nature
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cantu prus distantzia
fuet umanamenti possibili
03:12
as is humanly possible.
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a intr'e nosus e sa natura.
03:14
Our modern funerary practices
are designed to stave off
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Is interrus modernus
funt progetaus po prevenni
03:17
the natural processes
that happen to a body after death.
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is processus naturalis
chi sutzendint a pustis de sa morti.
03:20
In other words, they're meant
to prevent us from decomposing.
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Ossiat, serbint a prevenni
sa decompositzioni nostra.
03:25
But the truth
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Ma sa beridadi
03:27
is that nature is really,
really good at death.
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est ca sa natura est bona meda
cun sa morti.
03:31
We've all seen it.
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Dd'eus biu totus.
03:32
When organic material dies in nature,
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Candu in natura morit materiali organicu,
03:35
microbes and bacteria
break it down into nutrient-rich soil,
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microbus e baterius ddu torrant
a terra arrica de nutrientis
03:39
completing the life cycle.
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serrendi su ciclu de sa vida.
03:41
In nature, death creates life.
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In sa natura, sa morti creat a sa vida.
03:48
Back in architecture school,
I was thinking about all this,
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Candu fuemu in sa scola de architetura
pentzamu a custas cosas
03:52
and I set out on a plan
to redesign death care.
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e appu pentzau un progettu
po cambiai sa condusidura de sa morti.
03:56
Could I create a system
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Ddu podtemu creai unu sistema
03:58
that was beneficial to the earth
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chi fuessit un beni po sa Terra
03:59
and that used nature as a guide
rather than something to be feared?
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e chi podiad sighiri sa natura
intambu de is cosas chi timeus?
04:04
Something that was gentle to the planet?
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Una cosa chi fuessit gentili
cun su praneta?
04:07
That planet, after all,
supports our living bodies
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Custu praneta apoderat is corpus viventis
04:10
our whole lives.
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e sa vida cosa nostra.
04:13
And while I was mulling this all over
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Fuemu morighendi custas cosas in conca
04:15
over the drawing board,
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asuba de sa tavola grafica,
04:17
the phone rang.
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candu at sonau su telefunu.
04:19
It was my friend Kate.
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Fuet Kate, s'amica mia.
04:21
She was like, "Hey,
have you heard about the farmers
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E mhat nau: "Dd'as intendiu
de cussus allevadoris
04:25
who are composting whole cows?"
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chi funt compostendi bacas interas?"
04:29
And I was like, "Mmmm."
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E deu: "Mmmm".
04:31
(Laughter)
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(Arrisu)
04:34
Turns out that farmers
in agricultural institutions
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A cantu parit, allevadoris
de certas istitutzionis
04:37
have been practicing something
called livestock mortality composting
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funt fendi una cosa chi si nat
"compostagiu de su bestiamini mortu"
04:41
for decades.
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de diora meda.
04:42
Mortality composting is where
you take an animal high in nitrogen
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In su compostagiu de su bestiamini mortu
pigas una bestia chi cuntenit meda azotu
04:46
and cover it with co-composting materials
that are high in carbon.
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dda coberris cun atrus materialis
chi tenint meda carboniu.
04:50
It's an aerobic process,
so it requires oxygen,
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Est unu processu aerobicu
chi ddui serbit meda ossigenu
04:53
and it requires
plenty of moisture as well.
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e ddui serbit puru meda umbidadi.
04:56
In the most basic setup, a cow
is covered with a few feet of wood chips,
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In su processu basi, si coberrit una baca
cun d'un metru de serradura de taula
05:01
which are high in carbon,
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chi cuntenit meda carboniu,
05:02
and left outside for nature,
for breezes to provide oxygen
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si lassat in foras aici sa natura
ddi donat ossigenu cun su bentu
05:06
and rain to provide moisture.
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e umbidadi candu proit.
05:09
In about nine months,
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A pustis de noi mesis
05:12
all that remains
is a nutrient-rich compost.
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totu su chi abarrat
est unu compost arricu de nutrientis.
05:16
The flesh has been decomposed entirely,
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Sa petza si decomponit dessintotu
05:19
as have the bones.
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e is ossus puru.
05:22
I know.
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Ddu sciu.
05:23
(Laughter)
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(Arrisu)
05:25
So I would definitely
call myself a decomposition nerd,
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Mi seu impuntada sun sa decompositzioni,
05:29
but I am far, far from a scientist,
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ma non seu una scientziada,
05:33
and one way you can tell this is true
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e ddu podeis cumprendi
05:35
is that I have often called
the process of composting "magic."
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poita tzerriu custu processu "maxia".
05:39
(Laughter)
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(Arrisu)
05:43
So basically, all we humans need to do
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Duncas, cussu chi nosus depeus fai
05:46
is create the right environment
for nature to do its job.
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est creai s'ambienti giustu
po fai fai custu traballu a sa natura.
05:50
It's like the opposite
of antibacterial soap.
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Est su contrariu
de su saboni antibatericu.
05:53
Instead of fighting them,
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In tambus de ddus cumbati,
05:54
we welcome microbes and bacteria
in with open arms.
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arriceus microbus e baterius
a bratzus opertus.
05:58
These tiny, amazing creatures
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Custas creaturas pichinnias
06:01
break down molecules
into smaller molecules and atoms,
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segant is molecolas
e faint molecolas prus piticas e atomus
06:05
which are then incorporated
into new molecules.
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chi funti incorporaus in ateras molecolas.
06:10
In other words, that cow is transformed.
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Aici sa baca est stramudiada.
06:14
It's no longer a cow.
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No est prus una baca.
06:16
It's been cycled back into nature.
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Est torrada in su ciclu de sa natura.
06:19
See? Magic.
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Eis biu? Maxia.
06:24
You can probably imagine
the light bulb that went off in my head
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Fortzis podeis imaginai
sa lampadina alluta in conca mia
06:27
after I received that phone call.
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a pustis de custa telefonada.
06:29
I began designing a system
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Apu cumentzau a pentzai unu sistema
06:31
based on the principles
of livestock mortality composting
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basau a pitz'e is principius
de su compostagiu de su bestiamini
06:35
that would take human beings
and transform them into soil.
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po torrai a terra is corpus umanus.
06:43
Fast-forward five years
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Currei a innantis de cinc'annus
06:45
and the project has grown in ways
I truly never could have imagined.
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e su progettu est cresciu in manera
chi no mi iamessi mai pentzada.
06:50
We've created a scalable,
replicable non-profit urban model
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Eus fatu unu modellu urbanu
non-profit e copiabili
06:54
based on the science
of livestock mortality composting
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basau a pitz'e su compostagiu
de su bestiamini mortu
06:58
that turns human beings into soil.
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po torrai is umanus a terra.
07:01
We've partnered and collaborated
with experts in soil science,
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Si seus assotziaus e eus collaborau
cun spertus de scienza de sa terra,
07:04
decomposition, alternative death care,
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decompositzioni, condusidura de sa morti,
07:07
law and architecture.
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lei e architetura.
07:09
We've raised funds
from foundations and individuals
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Eus arregortu dinai de is personas
e de is fundatzionis
07:12
in order to design
a prototype of this system,
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po podi progetai unu prototipu
de custu sistema
07:16
and we've heard from tens of thousands
of people all over the world
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e eus ascurtau dexinas de milliaias
de personas in su mundu
07:20
who want this option to be available.
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chi iant'a bolli tenni
custa possibilidadi.
07:25
OK.
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Bandad beni.
07:26
In the next few years,
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De imoi a pagus annus
07:28
it's our goal to build the first
full-scale human composting facility
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olleus fai sa primu strutura funtzionanti
de compostagiu umanu
07:34
right in the city of Seattle.
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propriu in Seattle.
07:35
(Applause)
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(Tzacarramanus)
07:43
Imagine it,
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Pentzaiddu,
07:45
part public park,
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parti parcu publicu,
07:47
part funeral home,
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parti logu de pomentu,
07:49
part memorial to the people we love,
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parti lugu po arregodai
cussus chi eus amau,
07:52
a place where we can reconnect
with the cycles of nature
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unu logu po torrai a s'acapiai
cun is ciclus naturalis
07:55
and treat bodies
with gentleness and respect.
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e po tratai is corpus
cun gentilesa e arrespetu.
08:00
The infrastructure is simple.
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Sa strutura est simpri.
08:02
Inside a vertical core,
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A intru de unu nucleu verticali
08:04
bodies and wood chips undergo
accelerated natural decomposition,
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is corpus e sa serradura de taula poderant
una decompositzioni naturali rapida,
08:08
or composting,
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su compostagiu,
08:09
and are transformed into soil.
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e torrant a terra.
08:13
When someone dies, their body
is taken to a human composting facility.
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Candu unu morit, si portat su corpus
a sa strutura de compostagiu umanu.
08:18
After wrapping the deceased
in a simple shroud,
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A pustis su corpus si coberrit
cun unu telu simpri
08:21
friends and family carry the body
to the top of the core,
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e is familiaris e amigus portant su corpus
a pitzus de su nucleu
08:25
which contains the natural
decomposition system.
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chi cuntenit su sistema
de decompositzioni naturali.
08:30
During a laying in ceremony,
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A sa cirimonia de pomentu
08:32
they gently place the body into the core
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si ponit su corpus in su nucleu
08:34
and cover it with wood chips.
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e si coberrit cun sa serradura.
08:37
This begins the gentle transformation
from human to soil.
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Partit una mudadura durci,
s'umanu si fati terra.
08:43
Over the next few weeks,
the body decomposes naturally.
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In pagu cidas su corpus
si decomponit naturalmenti.
08:46
Microbes and bacteria
break down carbon, then protein,
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Is microbus e is baterius
segant su carboniu e is proteinas
08:49
to create a new substance,
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po creai una sostantzia noa,
08:51
a rich, earthy soil.
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una terra arrica.
08:54
This soil can then be used
to grow new life.
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Custa terra poit essi imperada
po cresci vida noa.
08:57
Eventually, you could be a lemon tree.
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A s'acabada, estis a podi essi
una mata de limoni.
09:01
(Applause)
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(Tzacarramanus)
09:02
Yeah, thank you.
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Eja, gràtzias.
09:04
(Applause)
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(Tzacarramanus)
09:09
Who's thinking about
lemon meringue pie right now?
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Chini est pentzendi a una truta
de limoni propiu imoi?
09:12
(Laughter)
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(Arrisu)
09:14
A lemon drop?
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Una caramellia de limoni?
09:16
Something stronger?
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Una cosa prus forti?
09:19
So in addition to housing the core,
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A prus de su nucleu,
09:21
these buildings will function
to support the grieving
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custas struturas podint
aculli sa famiglia de su mortu
09:24
by providing space for memorial services
and end-of-life planning.
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in unu logu po su pomentu
e po s'acabada de sa vida.
09:28
The potential for repurposing is huge.
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Medas logus point essi imperaus.
09:31
Old churches and industrial warehouses
can be converted into places
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Cresias becias e magasinus industrialis
podint essi logus
09:35
where we create soil and honor life.
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po fai terra e torrai onori a sa vida.
09:39
We want to bring back the aspect of ritual
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Ndi olleus torrai su sensu de sa cirimonia
09:42
that's been diluted
over the past hundred years
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chi est sparessia me is urtimus cent'annus
09:44
as cremation rates have risen
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po s'aumentu de is crematzionis
09:46
and religious affiliation has declined.
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e s'impaghimentu de sa pratica religiosa.
09:51
Our Seattle facility will function
as a model for these places
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Sa strutura cosa nosta de Seattle
est unu modellu po aterus logus
09:55
all over the world.
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in totu su mundu.
09:57
We've heard from communities
in South Africa, Australia,
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Eus scipiu de comunidadis
in Sud Africa, Australia,
10:00
the UK, Canada and beyond.
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Renniu Unidu, Canada e aterus.
10:03
We're creating a design toolkit
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Seus fadendi is ainas
10:06
that will help others
design and build facilities
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chi agiudant is aterus a progetai
e pesai is struturas
10:10
that will contain technical specifications
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cun totus is specificas tecnicas
10:12
and regulatory best practices.
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e is cuntzillus prus profetus.
10:15
We want to help individuals,
organizations,
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Olleus agiudai a is personas,
is assotzius,
10:17
and down the road, municipalities
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fintzas a is comunus,
10:19
design and build facilities
in their own cities.
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po progetai e pesai is struturas
me in bidda insoru.
10:24
The idea is that every one of these places
should look and feel completely different
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Pentzaus chi dognia logu
depit essi dessintotu diversu,
mancai a intru tengat su propiu sistema.
10:28
with the same system inside.
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10:29
They're really meant to be designed
for the neighborhood in which they reside
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Depint essi progetaus po su bixinau insoru
10:34
and the community which they serve.
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e po sa comunidadi chi ddus imperat.
10:38
The other idea is
for supportive staff to be on hand
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S'atera idea est a tenni genti
chi podit agiudai sa famiglia
10:41
to help families with the care
and preparation of loved ones' bodies.
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po aprontai su mortu.
10:46
We're banishing practices
that bewilder and disempower
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Nci ogaus praticas
chi cunfundint e atrupelliant
10:49
and creating a system
that is beautiful and meaningful
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e fadeus un sistema chi est bellu
e prenu de significau
10:54
and transparent.
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e trasluxenti.
10:57
We believe that access
to ecological death care
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Nosus creeus ca su tratamentu
ecologicu de sa morti
10:59
is a human right.
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est unu diritu umanu.
11:04
OK, so you know the old saying,
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Ddu conosceis su diciu:
11:07
if you can compost a cow,
you can compost a human?
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chi podis torrai a compost una baca
podis torrai fintzas a unu cristianu?
11:10
(Laughter)
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3000
(Arrisu)
11:15
Turns out, it's true.
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Non ci eis a crei, ma est aici.
11:18
Since 2014, we've been
running a pilot project
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De su 2014 seus sighendi
unu progetu pilota
11:21
in the hills of North Carolina
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me is montis de Nord Carolina,
11:23
with the Forensic Anthropology Department
at Western Carolina University.
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cun su dipartimentu de antropologa forensi
de s'universidadi de West Carolina.
11:28
Six donor bodies
have been covered in wood chips,
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Eus cobertu is corpus de ses donadoris
con sa serradura de taula,
11:31
oxygen provided by breezes,
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su bentu s'at donau s'ossigenu
11:33
microbes and bacteria doing their jobs.
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e is microbus e is baterius
ant fatu su traballu insoru.
11:37
This pilot program has allowed us
to demonstrate that it's possible
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Custu programa pilota s'hat fatu
dimostrai ca est possibili
11:40
to harness the incredible power
of natural decomposition
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a sfrutai su poderi incredibili
de sa decompositzioni naturali
11:44
to turn human bodies into soil,
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1920
po torrai a terra is corpus umanus,
11:47
and we're working
with other universities as well.
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e sesu traballendi
cun ateras universidadis puru.
11:50
Soil scientists
at Washington State University,
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Is iscientziaus de sa terra
de s'universidadi statali de Washington,
11:54
the grad students, anyway,
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is dotorandus, nareus,
11:56
are working to compost
teeth with amalgam fillings
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funti circhendi de cumprendi
ita sutzedit a is dentis piombaus
12:00
so that we can understand
what happens to the mercury therein.
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chi portant mercuriu a intru.
12:04
Next up, we'll be beginning experiments
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A pustis, eus a fai esperimentus
12:06
to determine what happens
to chemo drugs and pharmaceuticals
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po cumprendi ita sutzedit
a is mexinas e a is arrestus de sa chemio
12:09
during the composting process,
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in su processu de compostagiu
12:11
and whether additional
remediation will be needed.
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e biri chi ddui serbit cancua bonifica.
12:17
By the way,
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Un'atera cosa,
12:19
composting creates a great deal of heat,
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su compostagiu fait callenti meda,
12:21
especially this particular
type of composting.
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pruschetotu custa calidadi.
12:25
One week after we began
composting our fifth donor body,
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Una cida a pustis de su cumentzu
de su compostagiu de su de cincu corpus
12:30
the temperature inside
that mound of wood chips
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sa temperadura a intru
de su muntoni de serradura
12:33
reached 158 degrees Fahrenheit.
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fuet de 70 gradus.
12:38
Imagine harnessing that heat
to create energy
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Pentzai ca eus a podi imperai
cussu callenti po fai energia
12:41
or comfort the grieving on a cold day.
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o po calentai is famiglias
in pomentu candu fait frius.
Sa rivolutzioni de sa condusidura
de sa morti è cumentzada.
12:45
The death care revolution has begun.
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12:47
It's an exciting time to be alive.
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Est un momentu bellu po essi bius.
12:51
Thank you.
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Gràtzias.
12:52
(Applause)
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(Tzacarramanus)
Translated by Stefania Manunza
Reviewed by Caterina Angela Dettori

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Katrina Spade - Inventor, designer, death care advocate
Katrina Spade created a system called "recomposition" that transforms human bodies into soil, so that we can return to the earth after we die.

Why you should listen

Katrina Spade is a designer and entrepreneur who focuses on transforming death care. As the founder and CEO of Recompose, she is developing a new model of caring for our dead which focuses on transparency, participation, and nature. She has a Masters in Architecture from the University of Massachusetts Amherst, a certificate in Sustainable Design and Building from Yestermorrow Design/Build School and a Bachelors in Cultural Anthropology from Haverford College.

Spade's work has been featured in The AtlanticWired, and the New York Times. She is an Echoing Green Climate Fellow.

More profile about the speaker
Katrina Spade | Speaker | TED.com