TED2011
AnnMarie Thomas: Hands-on science with squishy circuits
AnnMarie Thomas: Praktická veda s modelovatelnými obvodmi
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V krátkom TED Uvideu vám AnnMarie Thomas ukáže, ako môžu byť dve rôzne zmesi podomácky vyrobenej plastelíny použité pri demonštrácii elektrických zákonitostí. Rozsvietením svetielka, alebo roztočením motorčeka sa tak môžu vaše malé deti premeniť v konštruktérov obvodov!
AnnMarie Thomas - Educator
AnnMarie Thomas works on the playful side of engineering -- using cool tools to teach and help others. Full bio
AnnMarie Thomas works on the playful side of engineering -- using cool tools to teach and help others. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I'm a huge believer in hands-on education.
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Verím v praktickú výuku.
00:19
But you have to have the right tools.
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Ale musíte mať tie správne nástroje.
00:21
If I'm going to teach my daughter about electronics,
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Ak chcem učiť svoju dcéru o elektronike,
00:24
I'm not going to give her a soldering iron.
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nedám jej do ruky spájkovačku.
00:26
And similarly, she finds prototyping boards
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A podobne znechucujúco by na jej malé ruky
00:28
really frustrating for her little hands.
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pôsobili obvody na doske z elektroniky.
00:31
So my wonderful student Sam and I
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A tak sme sa s mojim úžasným študentom Samom
00:34
decided to look at the most tangible thing we could think of:
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rozhodli pozrieť na tu najjednoduchšiu vec, ktorá nás napadla,
00:36
Play-Doh.
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na plastelínu.
00:38
And so we spent a summer
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Strávili sme leto
00:40
looking at different Play-Doh recipes.
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skúmaním rôznych receptov na tvorbu plastelíny.
00:42
And these recipes probably look really familiar
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Tieto recepty môžu byť povedomé,
00:44
to any of you who have made homemade play-dough --
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hlavne tím, ktorí ste si sami doma vytvárali plastelínu --
00:46
pretty standard ingredients you probably have in your kitchen.
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z úplne štandartných ingrediencii.
00:49
We have two favorite recipes --
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Obľúbili sme si dva recepty -
00:51
one that has these ingredients
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prvý je vytvorený z týchto prísad
00:53
and a second that had sugar instead of salt.
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a v tom druhom je miesto cukru soľ.
00:55
And they're great. We can make great little sculptures with these.
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A sú skvelé. Môžeme z nich vytvarovať malé sochy.
00:58
But the really cool thing about them is when we put them together.
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Ale čo je na nich naozaj super zistíme, keď ich dáme dokopy.
01:01
You see that really salty Play-Doh?
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Táto slaná plastelína
01:03
Well, it conducts electricity.
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vedie elektrinu.
01:05
And this is nothing new.
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Čo nie je nič nové.
01:07
It turns out that regular Play-Doh that you buy at the store conducts electricity,
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Vysvitlo, že aj klasická plastelína, ktorú dostať v obchodoch vedie elektrinu
01:09
and high school physics teachers have used that for years.
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a učitelia fyziky na stredných školách ju používajú už roky.
01:12
But our homemade play-dough
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Ale naša podomácky vyrobená plastelína
01:14
actually has half the resistance of commercial Play-Doh.
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má len polovičný odpor ako komerčná.
01:16
And that sugar dough?
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No a ta cukrová?
01:18
Well it's 150 times more resistant to electric current
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Tá ma 150 krát vyšší odpor
01:20
than that salt dough.
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ako ta slaná.
01:22
So what does that mean?
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Čo to teda znamená?
01:24
Well it means if you them together you suddenly have circuits --
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To znamená, že ak ich dáme dohromady, vytvárame obvody.
01:27
circuits that the most creative, tiny, little hands
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Obvody, ktoré aj tie najkreatívnejšie malé ručičky
01:30
can build on their own.
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môžu skonštruovať samé.
01:33
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
01:38
And so I want to do a little demo for you.
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Predvediem vám malú ukážku.
01:42
So if I take this salt dough,
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Takže ak vezmem túto slanú plastelínu -
01:44
again, it's like the play-dough you probably made as kids,
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ktorá sa nijak nelíši od tej, s akou ste sa hrávali ako deti -
01:46
and I plug it in --
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a pripojím to k -
01:48
it's a two-lead battery pack, simple battery pack,
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je to štandardná batéria -
01:51
you can buy them at Radio Shack
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dostať ju kúpiť v akomkoľvek obchode s elektronikou,
01:53
and pretty much anywhere else --
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či kdekoľvek inde -
01:55
we can actually then
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tak môžeme
01:58
light things up.
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veci rozsvietiť .
02:02
But if any of you have studied electrical engineering,
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No ak niekto z vás študoval elektrotechniku,
02:04
we can also create a short circuit.
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môžete skonštruovať krátky obvod.
02:06
If I push these together, the light turns off.
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Ak ich stlačím do seba, svetlo sa vypne.
02:09
Right, the current wants to run through the play-dough, not through that LED.
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Správne, prúd sa snaží tiecť cez plastelínu a nie cez LED žiarovku.
02:11
If I separate them again, I have some light.
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Ak ich oddelím, opäť mám trochu svetla.
02:13
Well now if I take that sugar dough,
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Ak si teraz vezmem cukrovú plastelínu -
02:15
the sugar dough doesn't want to conduct electricity.
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cukor nechce viesť elektrinu,
02:17
It's like a wall to the electricity.
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je to akoby stena pre elektrinu -
02:19
If I place that between, now all the dough is touching,
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a umiestnim ju takto doprostred, aby sa dotýkali.
02:22
but if I stick that light back in,
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Ale ak strčím žiarovku naspäť,
02:24
I have light.
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mám svetlo.
02:26
In fact, I could even add some movement to my sculptures.
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V skutočnosti by som mohla pridať trochu pohybu svojim výtvorom.
02:29
If I want a spinning tail, let's grab a motor,
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Ak chcem, aby sa im krútil chvost, pridám motor.
02:31
put some play-dough on it, stick it on
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Dajte naň trochu hmoty
02:34
and we have spinning.
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a krúti sa.
02:36
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
02:40
And once you have the basics,
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A pokiaľ zvládnete tieto základy,
02:42
we can make a slightly more complicated circuit.
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môžeme sa posunúť na zložitejšie obvody.
02:44
We call this our sushi circuit. It's very popular with kids.
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Tomuto hovoríme sushi obvod. Deti to milujú.
02:47
I plug in again the power to it.
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Opäť to strčím do elektriny.
02:50
And now I can start talking about parallel and series circuits.
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A teraz môžem začať vysvetlovať paralelné a sérové zapojenie obvodov.
02:53
I can start plugging in lots of lights.
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Môžem pripojiť viac lampičiek
02:58
And we can start talking about things like electrical load.
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a môžeme začať hovoriť o veciach, ako je preťaženie siete.
03:01
What happens if I put in lots of lights
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Čo sa stane, ak zapojím mnoho lampičiek
03:03
and then add a motor?
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a potom pridám motor?
03:05
It'll dim.
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Zoslabne.
03:07
We can even add microprocessors
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Môžeme pridať mikroprocesory,
03:10
and have this as an input
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Toto ako vstup
03:12
and create squishy sound music that we've done.
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a zahrať zvuky, ktoré sme si vytvorili.
03:15
You could do parallel and series circuits
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Môžete takto vytvárať paralelné,
03:17
for kids using this.
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aj sériové obvody pre deti.
03:20
So this is all in your home kitchen.
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A toto je všetko vo vašej kuchyni.
03:23
We've actually tried to turn it into an electrical engineering lab.
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Pokúsili sme sa to preniesť aj do elektrotechnického laboratória,
03:26
We have a website, it's all there. These are the home recipes.
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máme webovú stránku, kde to všetko nájdete. Iba domáce recepty.
03:29
We've got some videos. You can make them yourselves.
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Máme zopár videí. Môžete si to vyskúšať sami.
03:31
And it's been really fun since we put them up to see where these have gone.
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A je naozaj zábava zistiť, kto každý nás sleduje.
03:34
We've had a mom in Utah who used them with her kids,
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Máme mamu v Utahu, ktorá tak doma učila svoje deti,
03:36
to a science researcher in the U.K.,
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alebo výskumníka v Anglicku,
03:38
and curriculum developers in Hawaii.
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a aj vývojárov na Havaji.
03:41
So I would encourage you all to grab some Play-Doh,
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Týmto vás nabádam, aby ste to skúsili -
03:43
grab some salt, grab some sugar and start playing.
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vezmite si soľ a cukor a začnite sa hrať.
03:46
We don't usually think of our kitchen as an electrical engineering lab
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Obvykle svoju kuchyňu síce nepovažujeme za technické laboratúrium
03:49
or little kids as circuit designers,
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a ani naše deti za konštruktérov obvodov,
03:51
but maybe we should.
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ale možno by sme mali.
03:53
Have fun. Thank you.
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Bavte sa, ďakujem.
03:55
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
AnnMarie Thomas - EducatorAnnMarie Thomas works on the playful side of engineering -- using cool tools to teach and help others.
Why you should listen
AnnMarie Thomas joined the faculty of the University of St. Thomas in the fall of 2006. Previously, she was a faculty member at Art Center College of Design. She is the director of the UST Design laboratory and leads a team of students looking at both the playful side of engineering (squishy circuits for students, the science of circus, toy design) and ways to use engineering design to help others (projects in technology design for older adults). Thomas, in partnership with collaborator Jan Hansen, is co-director of the University of St. Thomas Center for Pre-Collegiate Engineering Education (CPCEE).
Thomas teaches Engineering Graphics, Machine Design, Dynamics (with Circus Lab), Toy Design, Product Design for an Aging Population, and Brain Machine Interfaces (seminar). She organizes the School of Engineering Design Night (featuring the ENGR320 Machine Design competition), and the Design Discussions seminar series.
Thomas has also worked on underwater robotics (at MIT, Caltech and the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute), specializing in biologically inspired propulsion. She has consulted on projects ranging from the design/creation of a "musical earthquake-playing robot" to the initial research for a book on earthquakes in Los Angeles. At Caltech, she founded the Caltech Robotics Outreach Group (CROG) and the Caltech/JPL/LEGO Middle School Robotics Conference.
Get the recipes for the two squishy circuits play doughs here >>
AnnMarie Thomas | Speaker | TED.com