TEDxToulouse
Guillaume Néry: The exhilarating peace of freediving
纪尧姆·纳里: 两次呼吸间旅行的启示
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1,052,619 views
这是一次美丽的旅程，潜水123米之后来解释身体发生了什么和头脑中的感觉。潜水是在水下的完全放松，是人类在自然力量的驱动下让现在的自己和冰冷，蓝色的深不可测的大海相连。最后，由于我们的呼吸不能让我们潜水更远，纪尧姆·纳里鼓励我们带上潜水面具，脚蹼，看着下面的世界，内心世界，因为我们的起源就来自我们这个蓝色的海洋。
Guillaume Néry - World champion freediver
With just one breath, Guillaume Néry can dive to -125m below the water's surface. Full bio
With just one breath, Guillaume Néry can dive to -125m below the water's surface. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
(视频) 十秒
00:13
(Video) Announcer: 10 seconds.
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五，四，三，二，一
00:19
Five, four, three, two, one.
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开始
00:23
Official top.
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一，二，三，四，五
00:25
Plus one, two, three, four, five
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六，七，八，九，十
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six, seven, eight, nine, ten.
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00:38
Guillaume Néry, France.
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来自法国的纪尧姆·纳里
00:40
Constant weight, 123 meters,
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恒重，123米
3分25秒
00:43
three minutes and 25 seconds.
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全国纪录挑战
00:46
National record attempt.
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70米
01:19
70 meters.
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［123米］
01:32
[123 meters]
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14米
02:21
(Applause)
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（欢呼，掌声）
02:24
(Video) Judge: White card.
Guillaume Néry! National record!
Guillaume Néry! National record!
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(视频）裁判：白卡！
纪尧姆·纳里 全国纪录！
纪尧姆·纳里 全国纪录！
（掌声）谢谢！
02:29
Guillaume Néry: Thank you.
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02:31
(Applause)
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02:34
Thank you very much,
thanks for the warm welcome.
thanks for the warm welcome.
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谢谢！谢谢你们！
02:37
That dive you just watched is a journey --
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大家刚才看到的这次潜水，
是一个旅程
是一个旅程
02:40
a journey between two breaths.
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一段发生在两次呼吸之间的旅程
02:43
A journey that takes place
between two breaths --
between two breaths --
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两次呼吸
02:45
the last one before diving into the water,
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一次是入水之前的最后一次呼吸
02:47
and the first one,
coming back to the surface.
coming back to the surface.
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一次是回到水面之后的第一次呼吸
这次潜水
02:51
That dive is a journey
to the very limits of human possibility,
to the very limits of human possibility,
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是一个到达人类极限的旅程
02:55
a journey into the unknown.
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是一个通向未知的旅程
然而，更重要的是
这是一个关于自我的旅程
这是一个关于自我的旅程
02:58
But it's also, and above all,
an inner journey,
an inner journey,
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03:01
where a number of things happen,
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这场旅程中，发生了很多事情
身体的，和心灵的
03:04
physiologically as well as mentally.
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这就是我今天来到TED演讲的原因
03:06
And that's why I'm here today,
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03:08
to share my journey with you
and to take you along with me.
and to take you along with me.
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我想跟你们分享这次旅程，
一起体验这奇妙的经历
一起体验这奇妙的经历
03:12
So, we start with the last breath.
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那么，让我们从最后一次呼吸开始
03:15
(Breathing in)
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（深吸气）
（用力呼出）
03:29
(Breathing out)
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这最后一次呼吸
03:31
As you noticed, that last breath
in is slow, deep and intense.
in is slow, deep and intense.
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如你们刚才看到的
特别绵长，深刻，强烈
特别绵长，深刻，强烈
在结束的时候
我用了一个叫鲤鱼呼吸法的小技巧
我用了一个叫鲤鱼呼吸法的小技巧
03:35
It ends with a special technique
called the carp,
called the carp,
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这让我能在肺里多存储两公升的空气
03:38
which allows me to store one to two
extra liters of air in my lungs
extra liters of air in my lungs
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在离开水面的同时，我尽量压缩这些空气
03:41
by compressing it.
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这样当我离开水面的时候
一共大概在肺里存储了10公升的空气
一共大概在肺里存储了10公升的空气
03:43
When I leave the surface,
I have about 10 liters of air in my lungs.
I have about 10 liters of air in my lungs.
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03:49
As soon as I leave the surface
the first mechanism kicks in:
the first mechanism kicks in:
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好，现在，我离开了水面
第一步我们要遭遇的是
03:53
the diving reflex.
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潜水反射（diving－reflex）
潜水反射，首先
03:54
The first thing the diving reflex does
is make your heart rate drop.
is make your heart rate drop.
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它会让我们的心率下降
从60-70次每秒
03:59
My heart beat will drop
from about 60-70 per minute
from about 60-70 per minute
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下降到30-40次每秒
04:02
to about 30-40 beats per minute
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04:04
in a matter of seconds;
almost immediately.
almost immediately.
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这个变化发生在几秒钟之内
几乎是转瞬间
其次，潜水反射会引起外周血管收缩
04:07
Next, the diving reflex causes
peripheral vasoconstriction,
peripheral vasoconstriction,
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这是说血液会离开身体末梢
04:10
which means that the blood flow
will leave the body's extremities
will leave the body's extremities
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而优先供应我们的主要器官：
04:14
to feed the most important organs:
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肺，心脏，大脑
04:18
the lungs, the heart and the brain.
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这个反射机能是身体的本能反应
04:22
This mechanism is innate.
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我们无法控制它
04:26
I cannot control it.
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当你置身水中，
即使你从来没有过涉水体验
即使你从来没有过涉水体验
04:27
If you go underwater,
even if you've never done it before,
even if you've never done it before,
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这个机能也会自动启动
04:30
you'll experience the exact same effects.
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04:32
All human beings
share this characteristic.
share this characteristic.
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身为人类，我们天生就有这个本领
而更奇妙的是
04:36
And what's extraordinary
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我们和所有的海洋哺乳动物一样
都天生拥有这个反射机能
都天生拥有这个反射机能
04:38
is that we share this instinct
with marine mammals --
with marine mammals --
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04:41
all marine mammals:
dolphins, whales, sea lions, etc.
dolphins, whales, sea lions, etc.
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所有的海洋哺乳动物：
海豚，鲸，海狮，等等
海豚，鲸，海狮，等等
04:45
When they dive deep into the ocean,
these mechanisms become activated,
these mechanisms become activated,
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当它们潜游到海洋深处
这个机制就会自动启动
04:50
but to a greater extent.
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当然，他们的这个功能
04:51
And, of course, it works
much better for them.
much better for them.
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比我们人类的远为强大
04:55
It's absolutely fascinating.
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这绝对是件很神奇的事情
04:57
Right as I leave the surface,
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那么现在，我已经离开了水面
04:58
nature gives me a push
in the right direction,
in the right direction,
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在这个与生俱来的神奇功能的帮助下
我自信满满地出发
我自信满满地出发
05:01
allowing me to descend with confidence.
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当我慢慢沉入深蓝的大海
05:03
So as I dive deeper into the blue,
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05:05
the pressure slowly starts
to squeeze my lungs.
to squeeze my lungs.
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水压会开始缓慢地碾压我的肺
因为是肺里的空气让我能在水中浮起
05:10
And since it's the amount of air
in my lungs that makes me float,
in my lungs that makes me float,
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潜入越深，碾压越厉害
05:13
the farther down I go,
the more pressure there is on my lungs,
the more pressure there is on my lungs,
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肺里的空气越少，身体下沉就越容易
05:16
the less air they contain
and the easier it is for my body to fall.
and the easier it is for my body to fall.
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当达到某一个点的时候
大概是35到40米深的时候
大概是35到40米深的时候
05:20
And at one point,
around 35 or 40 meters down,
around 35 or 40 meters down,
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我已经不需要刻意使力
05:23
I don't even need to swim.
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我的身体已经有足够的重量和密度
05:26
My body is dense and heavy enough
to fall into the depths by itself,
to fall into the depths by itself,
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让我可以自由的沉入到海底
这时我们达到了俗称的自由落体阶段
05:31
and I enter what's called
the free fall phase.
the free fall phase.
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05:33
The free fall phase
is the best part of the dive.
is the best part of the dive.
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这个自由落体阶段
是整个下沉过程中最美妙的时刻
是整个下沉过程中最美妙的时刻
05:36
It's the reason I still dive.
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于是我继续下潜
05:38
Because it feels like
you're being pulled down
you're being pulled down
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这时我们感觉到来自最深渊的引力
我们不再需要做任何动作
05:43
and you don't need to do anything.
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从35米到123米的过程中
05:45
I can go from 35 meters to 123 meters
without making a single movement.
without making a single movement.
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我完全放松
身体不再有任何的自主运动
身体不再有任何的自主运动
我放任自己被深渊牵引
感觉就像在水中飞翔
感觉就像在水中飞翔
05:49
I let myself be pulled by the depths,
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05:51
and it feels like I'm flying underwater.
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这感觉很奇妙
05:52
It's truly an amazing feeling --
an extraordinary feeling of freedom.
an extraordinary feeling of freedom.
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我想这就是自由的感觉
05:56
And so I slowly continue
sliding to the bottom.
sliding to the bottom.
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就这样
我缓缓的滑向最深的深处
我缓缓的滑向最深的深处
05:59
40 meters down,
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40米，50米
06:01
50 meters down,
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06:02
and between 50 and 60 meters,
a second physiological response kicks in.
a second physiological response kicks in.
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50米到60米之间，
我们迎来了生理上的第二个感受：
我们迎来了生理上的第二个感受：
这时候我们的肺里的气体容量
已经达到了肺残气量
已经达到了肺残气量
06:07
My lungs reach residual volume,
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理论上当肺里的空气低于肺残气量
06:10
below which they're not supposed
to be compressed, in theory.
to be compressed, in theory.
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我们的肺就不能继续压缩
这第二个生理反应叫血移
06:15
And this second response
is called blood shift,
is called blood shift,
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法语中叫“érection pulmonaire"
06:18
or "pulmonary erection" in French.
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我个人愿意说“血移”
06:22
I prefer "blood shift."
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06:23
(Laughter)
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下面我们来说说“血移”
06:24
So blood shift -- how does it work?
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那么“血移”是个
什么样的生理机制呢？
什么样的生理机制呢？
06:27
The capillaries in the lungs
become engorged with blood --
become engorged with blood --
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当肺里的气压降低后，
肺泡壁会自动充血
肺泡壁会自动充血
06:32
which is caused by the suction --
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这个自我保护机制
使得肺的两壁变得坚固
使得肺的两壁变得坚固
06:33
so the lungs can harden
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能保护整个胸腔不被外部的气体碾压
06:35
and protect the whole chest cavity
from being crushed.
from being crushed.
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06:38
It prevents the two walls
of the lungs from collapsing,
of the lungs from collapsing,
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防止肺的两壁被挤压到一起
06:42
from sticking together and caving in.
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这也是所有海洋哺乳动物
都具备的一个机能
都具备的一个机能
06:44
Thanks to this phenomenon,
which we also share with marine mammals,
which we also share with marine mammals,
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06:47
I'm able to continue with my dive.
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为此，我能接着潜行
60米，70米
06:49
60, 70 meters down,
I keep falling, faster and faster,
I keep falling, faster and faster,
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我一路深潜，越来越快
06:53
because the pressure is crushing
my body more and more.
my body more and more.
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与此同时，
水压也不断地挤压我的身体
水压也不断地挤压我的身体
从80米开始
06:56
Below 80 meters,
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水的压力明显增强
06:58
the pressure becomes a lot stronger,
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我开始感觉得到这个压力
07:00
and I start to feel it physically.
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物理上开始真正地感觉到水压
07:02
I really start to feel the suffocation.
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大家请看视频--
物理上大概是这样的，不是特别雅观
物理上大概是这样的，不是特别雅观
07:04
You can see what it looks like --
not pretty at all.
not pretty at all.
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腹部隔膜完全回缩
07:07
The diaphragm is completely collapsed,
the rib cage is squeezed in,
the rib cage is squeezed in,
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整个胸腔都向内塌陷
于此同时，在心理上也有个小诀窍
07:11
and mentally, there is something
going on as well.
going on as well.
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在这个境况下你也许会说，
“这好像有点儿难，怎么办呢”
“这好像有点儿难，怎么办呢”
07:14
You may be thinking,
"This doesn't look enjoyable.
"This doesn't look enjoyable.
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07:17
How do you do it?"
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依照我们日常的生活经验，
07:18
If I relied on my earthly reflexes --
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如果我们平时遇到一些困难，
我们是怎么做的呢？
我们是怎么做的呢？
07:20
what do we do above water
when there's a problem?
when there's a problem?
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07:23
We resist, we go against it.
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我们会想办法克服困难，
我们会对抗，努力，战斗
我们会对抗，努力，战斗
07:25
We fight.
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然而，在水下，
这可有点儿行不通
这可有点儿行不通
07:27
Underwater, that doesn't work.
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如果在水下我们想对抗水压，
我们极有可能会造成肺撕裂
我们极有可能会造成肺撕裂
07:28
If you try that underwater,
you might tear your lungs,
you might tear your lungs,
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07:31
spit up blood, develop an edema
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以及吐血，水肿等症状
07:33
and you'll have to stop diving
for a good amount of time.
for a good amount of time.
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而不得不在
相当长一段时间内停止潜水
相当长一段时间内停止潜水
07:36
So what you need to do, mentally,
is to tell yourself
is to tell yourself
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那么我们该怎么做呢？
最好的办法就是告诉自己，
顺应自然
顺应自然
07:39
that nature and the elements
are stronger than you.
are stronger than you.
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在心里承认自然之力强于个人
07:42
And so I let the water crush me.
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于是，我任由水将我吞噬
07:44
I accept the pressure and go with it.
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我接受这水的压力，
任它所为
同时，我把这个讯号传达给我的身体
07:48
At this point, my body
receives this information,
receives this information,
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07:50
and my lungs start relaxing.
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我的肺开始放松
07:52
I relinquish all control,
and relax completely.
and relax completely.
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我完全交出了对身体的控制权
整个人放松
07:55
The pressure starts crushing me,
and it doesn't feel bad at all.
and it doesn't feel bad at all.
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于是漫漫水压将我席卷
可是我一点儿也不觉得难受
可是我一点儿也不觉得难受
我好似被包裹在一个蚕茧当中
07:59
I even feel like
I'm in a cocoon, protected.
I'm in a cocoon, protected.
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完全被保护的感觉
08:03
And the dive continues.
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于是我可以继续深潜
80米，85米，90米
08:05
80, 85 meters down,
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08:07
90,
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08:08
100.
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100米
08:09
100 meters -- the magic number.
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100米，这是个神奇的数字
在所有的体育运动中，
100米都是个神奇的数字
100米都是个神奇的数字
08:13
In every sport, it's a magic number.
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游泳，田径
潜水也是
潜水也是
08:14
For swimmers and athletes
and also for us, free divers,
and also for us, free divers,
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对于所有的自由潜水员来说
100米是一个梦想
100米是一个梦想
08:17
it's a number everyone dreams of.
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08:19
Everyone wishes one day
to be able to get to 100 meters.
to be able to get to 100 meters.
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所有的人都希望有一天
可以来到100米的深处
可以来到100米的深处
08:22
And it's a symbolic number for us,
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对潜水员来说
100米也是个颇有象征意义的数字
100米也是个颇有象征意义的数字
08:24
because in the 1970s,
doctors and physiologists did their math,
doctors and physiologists did their math,
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因为在20世纪70年代
医生们和生理学家曾做过科学计算
医生们和生理学家曾做过科学计算
他们断言100米是人类的极限
08:28
and predicted that the human body
would not be able to go below 100 meters.
would not be able to go below 100 meters.
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人的身体将不能越过100米的深度
08:33
Below that, they said,
the human body would implode.
the human body would implode.
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超过这个深度，人体将崩溃
08:36
And then the Frenchman, Jacques Mayol --
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然后，有一个法国人
雅克·马约尔,
雅克·马约尔,
08:38
you all know him as the hero
in "The Big Blue" --
in "The Big Blue" --
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如你们都知道的，
他是“深蓝王国”的英雄
他是“深蓝王国”的英雄
08:41
came along and dived down to 100 meters.
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他越过了这个极限
潜到了100米
08:44
He even reached 105 meters.
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然后又到了105米
08:46
At that time, he was doing "no limits."
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那时候，他用的是无限制潜水方式
即下潜时负重，
这样可以有更大的下潜速度
这样可以有更大的下潜速度
08:48
He'd use weights to descend faster
and come back up with a balloon,
and come back up with a balloon,
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而返回的时候借助充气气球
就像你们做录像里看到的那样
就像你们做录像里看到的那样
08:51
just like in the movie.
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08:52
Today, we go down 200 meters
in no limit free diving.
in no limit free diving.
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现在，无限制潜水
我们可以达到200米
我们可以达到200米
而我，挑战的是123米
裸潜，不借助外力
裸潜，不借助外力
08:55
I can do 123 meters
by simply using muscle strength.
by simply using muscle strength.
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08:58
And in a way, it's all thanks to him,
because he challenged known facts,
because he challenged known facts,
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这一切一定程度上要归功于他
因为他挑战和打破了
人们习以为常的认知
人们习以为常的认知
09:01
and with a sweep of his hand,
got rid of the theoretical beliefs
got rid of the theoretical beliefs
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因为他在挥手之间
横扫那些固念理论
09:06
and all the mental limits
that we like to impose on ourselves.
that we like to impose on ourselves.
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打破了我们强加给自己的心理极限
09:09
He showed us that the human body
has an infinite ability to adapt.
has an infinite ability to adapt.
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他向我们展示了，我们的身体
有适应无限可能的潜力
有适应无限可能的潜力
我继续往下坠落
09:13
So I carry on with my dive.
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09:15
105, 110, 115.
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105，110，115
09:17
The bottom is getting closer.
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逐渐接近底部
09:18
120,
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120米
09:20
123 meters.
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123米
09:21
I'm at the bottom.
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我终于到达终点
09:22
And now, I'd like to ask you to join me
and put yourself in my place.
and put yourself in my place.
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这里，我想邀请大家跟我一起体验
请大家稍稍想象一下，您是当时的我
09:26
Close your eyes.
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请闭上眼睛
想象您到达123米的海洋深处
09:28
Imagine you get to 123 meters.
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09:33
The surface is far, far away.
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水面是那么那么那么遥远
您孤身一人
09:36
You're alone.
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四周几乎没有任何光亮
09:39
There's hardly any light.
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寒冷
09:42
It's cold --
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像冰川那样的寒冷
09:43
freezing cold.
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水压几乎要将你碾碎
09:44
The pressure is crushing you completely --
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09:47
13 times stronger than on the surface.
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（毕竟这里水的压力是海洋表面的13倍）
也许你第一念头会说
09:50
And I know what you're thinking:
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09:52
"This is horrible.
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“这是什么鬼地方？！”
09:54
What the hell am I doing here?
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“我一定是疯了”
09:56
He's insane."
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“为什么跑到这里来？！“
非也！
09:58
But no.
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我当时完全不是这么想的
10:00
That's not what I think
when I'm down there.
when I'm down there.
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10:02
When I'm at the bottom, I feel good.
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实际上，当我在海底最深处
我感觉很好
我感觉很好
10:04
I get this extraordinary
feeling of well-being.
feeling of well-being.
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那是一种非同寻常的幸福感
10:06
Maybe it's because I've completely
released all tensions
released all tensions
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这也许是因为
我早就完全摒弃了所有的紧张
我早就完全摒弃了所有的紧张
10:09
and let myself go.
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完全把自己交给了海洋
10:11
I feel great, without the need to breathe.
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总之我感觉十分惬意
一点不觉得自己需要呼吸
一点不觉得自己需要呼吸
不过，你还是要承认
还是有一点点需要担心的
还是有一点点需要担心的
10:17
Although, you'd agree,
I should be worried.
I should be worried.
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10:21
I feel like a tiny dot,
a little drop of water,
a little drop of water,
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我感觉自己是这么渺小
就像汪洋大海中的一滴水
10:24
floating in the middle of the ocean.
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10:26
And each time, I picture the same image.
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每次，我的脑海里总是浮现出这幅图像
The Pale Blue Dot,
意思是蓝色的小圆点儿
意思是蓝色的小圆点儿
10:29
[The Pale Blue Dot]
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大家看到的箭头指向的，
这个小小的蓝色的点
这个小小的蓝色的点
10:32
It's that small dot
the arrow is pointing to.
the arrow is pointing to.
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10:34
Do you know what it is?
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你们知道这是啥吗？
10:37
It's planet Earth.
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这就是地球
这是旅行者号从40亿公里以外的太空
拍摄的地球
拍摄的地球
10:39
Planet Earth, photographed
by the Voyager probe,
by the Voyager probe,
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从那里看，
地球，我们的家
地球，我们的家
10:42
from 4 billion kilometers away.
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10:44
And it shows that our home
is that small dot over there,
is that small dot over there,
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就是这样一个蓝色的点
漂浮在虚空当中
10:48
floating in the middle of nothing.
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10:50
That's how I feel
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这有点儿像
我在123米的海洋深处感受到的
我在123米的海洋深处感受到的
10:52
when I'm at the bottom, at 123 meters.
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我感觉自己就是一个小小的点
10:54
I feel like a small dot,
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10:55
a speck of dust, stardust,
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如一粒尘埃
或一颗星辰
或一颗星辰
10:58
floating in the middle of the cosmos,
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漂浮在茫茫宇宙当中
漂浮在虚无当中
漂浮在虚无当中
11:00
in the middle of nothing,
in the immensity of space.
in the immensity of space.
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漂浮在无穷当中
11:03
It's a fascinating sensation,
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这真是一种令人着迷的感觉
11:04
because when I look up, down,
left, right, in front, behind,
left, right, in front, behind,
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不管我看向任何一个方向：
上，下，左，右，前，后
上，下，左，右，前，后
11:08
I see the same thing:
the infinite deep blue.
the infinite deep blue.
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都是无边的蓝，
那么深邃
那么深邃
你在陆地上找不到任何一个地方
能给你这种感受 ——
能给你这种感受 ——
11:12
Nowhere else on Earth
you can experience this --
you can experience this --
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11:15
looking all around you,
and seeing the same thing.
and seeing the same thing.
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环顾四周，所见相同
11:18
It's extraordinary.
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这是如此奇妙
11:20
And at that moment,
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与此同时
我又清晰地感觉到
与生俱来的
与生俱来的
11:22
I still get that feeling each time,
building up inside of me --
building up inside of me --
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11:25
the feeling of humility.
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对自然的敬畏
每次看到这个图片，
我都觉得十分卑微
我都觉得十分卑微
11:28
Looking at this picture,
I feel very humble --
I feel very humble --
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11:31
just like when I'm all the way
down at the bottom --
down at the bottom --
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2531
正如我当时在海底深处
觉得自己如此渺小
11:34
because I'm nothing,
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我就是一颗尘埃
遗失在时空的无涯里
遗失在时空的无涯里
11:35
I'm a little speck of nothingness
lost in all of time and space.
lost in all of time and space.
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然而这一切
是那么迷幻
是那么迷幻
11:39
And it still is absolutely fascinating.
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于是我决定返回水面
因为这不是属于我的地方
因为这不是属于我的地方
11:42
I decide to go back to the surface,
because this is not where I belong.
because this is not where I belong.
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11:46
I belong up there, on the surface.
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我毕竟属于那儿，
上面的世界
上面的世界
我开始上升
11:48
So I start heading back up.
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11:52
I get something of a shock
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从决定返回的那一刻开始
我就遭遇一个很大的冲击
11:56
at the very moment when I decide to go up.
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11:58
First, because it takes a huge effort
to tear yourself away from the bottom.
to tear yourself away from the bottom.
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首先，我必须十分费劲
才能离开海底往上移动
12:02
It pulled you down on the way in,
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因为那将我拽入深渊的巨大引力
在我试图上浮时同样存在
12:05
and will do the same on the way up.
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12:07
You have to swim twice as hard.
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所以我必须双倍奋力
其次，我会遭遇到另一种生理现象：
氮麻醉
氮麻醉
12:10
Then, I'm hit with another
phenomenon known as narcosis.
phenomenon known as narcosis.
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你们也许听说过它
12:13
I don't know if you've heard of that.
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12:15
It's called nitrogen narcosis.
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我们称之为深渊的狂喜
12:17
It's something that happens
to scuba divers,
to scuba divers,
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这对水肺潜水者比较常见
自由潜水者也会时常遭遇
自由潜水者也会时常遭遇
12:19
but it can happen to free divers.
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12:21
It's caused by nitrogen
dissolving in the blood,
dissolving in the blood,
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这是由溶解在血液里的氮引起的
12:24
which causes confusion
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它使得人在深度潜水时
12:26
between the conscious
and unconscious mind.
and unconscious mind.
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有点儿意识混乱
你会脑海里充斥着各种念头
12:30
A flurry of thoughts goes spinning
through your head.
through your head.
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思绪万千将你萦绕
12:34
You can't control them,
and you shouldn't try to --
and you shouldn't try to --
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完全不受大脑控制
事实上我们也不应该试图控制它
12:37
you have to let it happen.
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不妨听之任之
12:39
The more you try to control it,
the harder it is to manage.
the harder it is to manage.
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任其驰骋
因为你越是努力控制它
它就越是难以驾驭
它就越是难以驾驭
12:43
Then, a third thing happens:
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第三个难题是：
我特别想呼吸
我特别想呼吸
12:44
the desire to breathe.
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12:46
I'm not a fish, I'm a human being,
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毕竟我可不是鱼
我是需要呼吸的人类
想要呼吸的欲望特别提醒我这个事实
想要呼吸的欲望特别提醒我这个事实
12:48
and the desire to breathe
reminds me of that fact.
reminds me of that fact.
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12:51
Around 60, 70 meters,
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所以回到60到70米的时候
12:55
you start to feel the need to breathe.
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这个欲望变得特别清晰
再加上另外的两个因素
12:59
And with everything else that's going on,
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这时候你特别容易完全乱了阵脚
13:02
you can very easily lose your ground
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13:05
and start to panic.
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堕入恐惧的陷阱
这时候你也许满脑子的念头就是
13:07
When that happens, you think,
"Where's the surface?
"Where's the surface?
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“水面在哪里？我要呼吸！
立刻，马上！”
立刻，马上！”
13:10
I want to go up. I want to breathe now."
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13:12
You should not do that.
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可千万别这样！
13:13
Never look up to the surface --
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不要试图看向水面，
不光不要看，连想都不要想！
不光不要看，连想都不要想！
13:15
not with your eyes, or your mind.
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13:19
You should never
picture yourself up there.
picture yourself up there.
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不要试图构建回到水面的画面
一定要把注意力集中在当前
13:21
You have to stay in the present.
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13:23
I look at the rope right in front of me,
leading me back to the surface.
leading me back to the surface.
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我保持着直视前方，那根绳子
绳子就是把我拉回水面的纽带
13:28
And I focus on that,
on the present moment.
on the present moment.
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我心无杂念，
唯有那根绳子
唯有那根绳子
因为如果我老想着水面
我会陷入恐慌
我会陷入恐慌
13:31
Because if I think
about the surface, I panic.
about the surface, I panic.
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13:34
And if I panic, it's over.
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一旦我恐慌
一切就完蛋
一切就完蛋
13:36
Time goes faster this way.
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这样，时间好像突然间快起来了
13:39
And at 30 meters: deliverance.
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到了30米处，终于，解放啦
我不再是一个人
我不再是一个人
13:41
I'm not alone any more.
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我的安全队友，我的守护天使
在这里迎接我
在这里迎接我
13:42
The safety divers,
my guardian angels, join me.
my guardian angels, join me.
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13:46
They leave the surface,
we meet at 30 meters,
we meet at 30 meters,
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他们专门下来
在30米处与我汇合
在30米处与我汇合
13:48
and they escort me
for the final few meters,
for the final few meters,
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然后他们会一路护送我
直到最后一米
直到最后一米
13:50
where potential problems could arise.
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最后这一段
也许有些潜在的问题会发生
也许有些潜在的问题会发生
每次我见到他们
13:53
Every time I see them, I think to myself,
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我都会想：
”多亏有你们！”
”多亏有你们！”
13:57
"It's thanks to you."
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因为有他们，因为我的团队
我才可能完成这一切
我才可能完成这一切
13:58
It's thanks to them,
my team, that I'm here.
my team, that I'm here.
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14:00
It brings back the sense of humility.
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又一次
我由衷地觉得自己的卑微
我由衷地觉得自己的卑微
没有他们，没有我的团队
没有所有这些支持我的人们
没有所有这些支持我的人们
14:03
Without my team, without all
the people around me,
the people around me,
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14:07
the adventure into the deep
would be impossible.
would be impossible.
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2355
我不可能完成深渊探险
14:09
A journey into the deep
is above all a group effort.
is above all a group effort.
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这次深渊探险
其实是我们整个团队共同完成的
其实是我们整个团队共同完成的
14:13
So I'm happy to finish
my journey with them,
my journey with them,
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和他们一起完成最后一段旅程
我很幸福
我很幸福
14:15
because I wouldn't be here
if it weren't for them.
if it weren't for them.
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因为有他们
我才可能走这么远
我才可能走这么远
20米，10米
14:18
20 meters, 10 meters,
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我的肺又慢慢的恢复了正常容量
14:19
my lungs slowly return
to their normal volume.
to their normal volume.
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2247
14:22
Buoyancy pushes me up to the surface.
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850045
2347
浮力又回来了
一直陪我回到水面
一直陪我回到水面
14:24
Five meters below the surface,
I start to breathe out,
I start to breathe out,
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离水面5米处
我开始呼气
我开始呼气
这样一旦回到水面
我就立刻可以吸气
我就立刻可以吸气
14:27
so that as soon as I get
to the surface all I do is breathe in.
to the surface all I do is breathe in.
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当我回到水面
14:31
And so I arrive at the surface.
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14:33
(Breathing in)
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2925
（深深吸气）
新鲜空气终于又充斥了我的肺
14:39
Air floods into my lungs.
274
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1994
这是一次新生
14:41
It's like being born again, a relief.
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2388
一次救赎
这感觉，真好！
14:44
It feels good.
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1155
14:46
Though the journey was extraordinary,
277
874075
1866
旅程当然很不一般
可我也确实需要感受到
这些小小的氧气分子
这些小小的氧气分子
14:47
I do need to feel those small
oxygen molecules fueling my body.
oxygen molecules fueling my body.
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3952
充斥我的全身
这是一种奇妙的感觉
14:52
It's an extraordinary sensation,
but at the same time it's traumatizing.
but at the same time it's traumatizing.
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但同时这也是一种创伤的体验
14:55
It's a shock to the system,
as you can you imagine.
as you can you imagine.
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这在感官上是一次冲击
请想象一下：我穿过无边的黑暗
终于看到光明
终于看到光明
14:58
I go from complete darkness
to the light of day,
to the light of day,
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我穿过寂静的深渊
回到尘嚣
回到尘嚣
15:01
from the near-silence of the depths
to the commotion up top.
to the commotion up top.
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15:06
In terms of touch, I go from the soft,
velvety feeling of the water,
velvety feeling of the water,
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而在触觉上，
我从海水柔软的怀抱中出来
我从海水柔软的怀抱中出来
粗粝的海风拍打我的脸
15:10
to air rubbing across my face.
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15:13
In terms of smell,
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在味觉和嗅觉上
15:16
there is air rushing into my lungs.
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海风钻进我的肺
于是我的肺重新打开
15:18
And in return, my lungs open up.
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而在90秒之前，它们还被海水无情碾压
15:21
They were completely squashed
just 90 seconds ago,
just 90 seconds ago,
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现在终于可以尽情张开
15:23
and now, they've opened up again.
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15:25
So all of this affects
quite a lot of things.
quite a lot of things.
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所有这一切
都要慢慢恢复秩序
都要慢慢恢复秩序
我需要几秒钟
才能完全缓过神来
才能完全缓过神来
15:29
I need a few seconds to come back,
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回到现实当中
15:31
and to feel "all there" again.
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然而，这一切需要恢复得特别快
因为裁判就在那儿
因为裁判就在那儿
15:33
But that needs to happen quickly,
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15:35
because the judges are there
to verify my performance;
to verify my performance;
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等着评判我的表现
15:38
I need to show them
I'm in perfect physical condition.
I'm in perfect physical condition.
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我需要呈现一个
很好的身体状态
很好的身体状态
15:40
You saw in the video,
I was doing a so-called exit protocol.
I was doing a so-called exit protocol.
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如你们中视频中看到的：
我需要走一个所谓的结束流程
我需要走一个所谓的结束流程
完全回到水面以后
我有15秒的时间取下鼻封
我有15秒的时间取下鼻封
15:43
Once at the surface, I have 15 seconds
to take off my nose clip,
to take off my nose clip,
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给出信号
15:48
give this signal and say
(English) "I am OK."
(English) "I am OK."
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说“I'm OK”
所以你看
你们还要求你会双语
你们还要求你会双语
15:51
Plus, you need to be bilingual.
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15:53
(Laughter)
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（笑）
15:54
On top of everything --
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想想看，在我刚裸潜了123米后
让我说双语，还真是不太善良 （笑）
让我说双语，还真是不太善良 （笑）
15:56
that's not very nice.
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当结束流程完成以后
裁判发给我一张白卡
裁判发给我一张白卡
15:58
Once the protocol is completed,
the judges show me a white card,
the judges show me a white card,
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欢庆的时刻到啦！
16:02
and that's when the joy starts.
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我终于可以为我刚才的经历庆祝
16:04
I can finally celebrate
what has just happened.
what has just happened.
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16:07
So, the journey I've just described to you
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刚才我向大家讲述的经历
16:10
is a more extreme version of free diving.
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是一次有点极端的自由潜水经历
正常的自由潜水不是这样的
远远不会是这样
远远不会是这样
16:13
Luckily, it's far from just that.
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16:16
For the past few years,
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三年以来，我都一直尝试
想体验潜水的另一面
想体验潜水的另一面
16:17
I've been trying to show
another side of free diving,
another side of free diving,
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因为每次媒体提到自由潜水
16:20
because the media mainly talks
about competitions and records.
about competitions and records.
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总是离不开竞技和纪录
16:23
But free diving is more than just that.
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而实际上
自由潜水远远不止这些
自由潜水远远不止这些
16:25
It's about being at ease in the water.
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自由潜水，
是在水下完全放松
是在水下完全放松
16:27
It's extremely beautiful,
very poetic and artistic.
very poetic and artistic.
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是一种极致的美丽
诗意，和艺术
诗意，和艺术
16:30
So my wife and I decided to film it
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于是我和我太太决定
拍摄全过程
拍摄全过程
试图从另一个侧面来展现自由潜水
16:32
and try to show another side of it,
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主要是想激起我们大家走入水中的兴趣
16:35
mostly to make people want
to go into the water.
to go into the water.
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接下来我想给大家看一些图片
16:38
Let me show you some images
to finish my story.
to finish my story.
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然后我会做一个小小的总结
这是一些水下的照片
16:43
It's a mix of beautiful underwater photos.
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16:46
(Music)
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（音乐）
16:47
I'd like you to know that if one day
you try to stop breathing,
you try to stop breathing,
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对了，还想告诉大家
如果有一天你想尝试停止呼吸
如果有一天你想尝试停止呼吸
16:52
you'll realize that
when you stop breathing,
when you stop breathing,
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你会发现停止呼吸
16:54
you stop thinking, too.
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就是同时也停止思想
心灵完全放空
16:57
It calms your mind.
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在21世纪的今天
我们总是感到很大的压力
我们总是感到很大的压力
16:59
Today, in the 21st century,
we're under so much pressure.
we're under so much pressure.
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我们经常用脑过度，
恨不能一小时想一万件事情
恨不能一小时想一万件事情
17:03
Our minds are overworked,
we think at a million miles an hour,
we think at a million miles an hour,
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总是处于焦虑当中
17:06
we're always stressed.
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如果能去潜水的话，
17:08
Being able to free dive
lets you, just for a moment,
lets you, just for a moment,
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至少在这个过程当中
能帮助放松我们的身心
能帮助放松我们的身心
17:11
relax your mind.
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17:13
Holding your breath underwater
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屏住呼吸潜入水中
17:15
means giving yourself the chance
to experience weightlessness.
to experience weightlessness.
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让我们有机会体验到失重的感觉
17:19
It means being underwater, floating,
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漂浮在水中
17:22
with your body completely relaxed,
letting go of all your tensions.
letting go of all your tensions.
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完全放松你的身体
放松所有的压力
17:26
This is our plight in the 21st century:
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这是21世纪的新世纪病：
我们背痛，颈椎痛，到处都痛
我们背痛，颈椎痛，到处都痛
17:28
our backs hurt, our necks hurt,
everything hurts,
everything hurts,
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因为我们总是处于紧张和焦虑当中
17:30
because we're stressed
and tense all the time.
and tense all the time.
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如果您试试潜入水中
让自己完全漂浮
让自己完全漂浮
17:32
But when you're in the water,
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17:34
you let yourself float,
as if you were in space.
as if you were in space.
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就像在太空中一样
完全放松自己的身体
17:37
You let yourself go completely.
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你会有一种奇妙的感觉
17:38
It's an extraordinary feeling.
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最终你会发现你可以
17:40
You can finally get in touch
with your body, mind and spirit.
with your body, mind and spirit.
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和自己的身体，心灵和灵魂都建立联系
身心灵都得到平静
17:46
Everything feels better, all at once.
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17:49
Learning how to free dive is also
about learning to breathe correctly.
about learning to breathe correctly.
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学习潜水
其实也是学习更好地呼吸
我们一直都在呼吸
从我们出生的第一次呼吸开始
从我们出生的第一次呼吸开始
17:54
We breathe with our first breath
at birth, up until our last one.
at birth, up until our last one.
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直到我们的最后一次呼吸
17:59
Breathing gives rhythm to our lives.
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呼吸就是我们生命的节奏
18:02
Learning how to breathe better
is learning how to live better.
is learning how to live better.
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学习更好地呼吸
就是学习更好地生活
就是学习更好地生活
潜水
并不一定要去到100米的深处
并不一定要去到100米的深处
18:06
Holding your breath in the sea,
not necessarily at 100 meters,
not necessarily at 100 meters,
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下潜两米，三米，戴上护目镜
穿上一双蛙鞋
穿上一双蛙鞋
18:09
but maybe at two or three,
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18:11
putting on your goggles,
a pair of flippers,
a pair of flippers,
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你会看到另一个世界
18:13
means you can go see another world,
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18:15
another universe, completely magical.
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另一个宇宙，它是如此神奇
你会看到数不清的鱼
看到海藻
看到海藻
18:17
You can see little fish, seaweed,
the flora and fauna,
the flora and fauna,
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看到各种动物和植物
你可以随意地观察这一切
18:20
you can watch it all discreetly,
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在水中漫步，信步浏览
然后再回到水面
然后再回到水面
18:22
sliding underwater, looking around,
and coming back to the surface,
and coming back to the surface,
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18:26
leaving no trace.
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大海没有我的踪迹
但我曾经来过
但我曾经来过
18:28
It's an amazing feeling
to become one with nature like that.
to become one with nature like that.
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这般和自然融为一体
是如此奇妙
是如此奇妙
如果我必须要说点什么
来结束今天的演讲：
来结束今天的演讲：
18:33
And if I may say one more thing,
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18:36
holding your breath, being in the water,
finding this underwater world --
finding this underwater world --
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去潜水，来到海底
置身于水的世界
这是一次重新认识自我的过程
这是一次重新认识自我的过程
18:41
it's all about connecting with yourself.
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正如我刚才所看到的
18:43
You heard me talk a lot
about the body's memory
about the body's memory
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我多次提到身体的记忆
18:48
that dates back millions of years,
to our marine origins.
to our marine origins.
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这可以追溯到数百万年前
我们的祖先在海洋生活时的远古记忆
我们的祖先在海洋生活时的远古记忆
一旦你来到到海洋深处
18:51
The day you get back into the water,
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你潜入几秒钟
18:54
when you hold your breath
for a few seconds,
for a few seconds,
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你就感觉到自己跟
这些远古记忆相联结
这些远古记忆相联结
18:56
you will reconnect with those origins.
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我可以向您保证
19:00
And I guarantee
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这绝对绝对是很神奇的体验
19:01
it's absolute magic.
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请一定要去试试
19:03
I encourage you to try it out.
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谢谢！
19:04
Thank you.
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19:05
(Applause)
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（掌声）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Guillaume Néry - World champion freediverWith just one breath, Guillaume Néry can dive to -125m below the water's surface.
Why you should listen
Guillaume Néry is a French freediving champion, specializing in deep diving. As a multiple world record holder and the double reigning world champion, Guillaume's goals go well beyond the simple realm of sport. With a perfect combination of aesthetics, performance, films and exploration, Guillaume practices his discipline like an art form — it has become his way of life.
Guillaume grew up by the Mediterranean Sea, in Nice. As a child, he used to go diving every summer with his flippers and mask, accompanied by his father, to discover the wonders of the underwater world. At the age of 14, he and a friend took up a challenge: to hold their breath for as long as possible. The simple game became an obsession and led him one day to meet Claude Chapuis, the founder of the international AIDA federation (Worldwide Federation for breath-hold diving). Claude became Guillaume’s mentor.
True to the Nice school of diving, Guillaume devoted all his time and energy to his passion. He made huge progress when working alongside Loic Leferme (5x No-Limits world record holder), who later became a role model, guide and close friend.
In 2002, he became the youngest ever freedive record holder, by diving to a depth of -87m using the force of his fins alone. That marked the beginning of a great adventure. Guillaume then beat the world record 3 times, became the world team champion in 2008 and the individual world champion in Greece in 2011, diving down to -117m. Nowadays, he dives until -125m of depth, the new French record
Guillaume also teaches deep diving at his school, CIPA (in Nice), conducts training, is involved in business life and sets sail across the world's oceans searching for new areas to explore.
However, it was thanks to the film he produced in 2010 with his partner Julie Gautier, Free Fall, that the Frenchman's career truly took off. One scene shows Guillaume walking on a seabed, towards an underwater chasm: the Deans Blue Hole (Bahamas), the deepest blue hole in the world. Suddenly, he jumps into emptiness and starts his free fall into the chasm. In just a few days, these images had been seen all around the world, revealing a new, artistic and poetic approach to freediving.
Since then, the couple has carried out a number of other film projects, including Narcoses or, recently, Ocean Gravity. They also launched their own website dedicated to all their creations: www.lesfilmsengloutis.com
Guillaume Néry | Speaker | TED.com