TED2008
Al Gore: New thinking on the climate crisis
阿尔·戈尔：对气候危机的新思考
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在这个全新的幻灯片演讲中（在TED.com首映），阿尔·戈尔以证据展示了气后暖化的速度可能比科学家们近日所预测的还要快。他呼吁我们行动起来。
Al Gore - Climate advocate
Nobel Laureate Al Gore focused the world’s attention on the global climate crisis. Now he’s showing us how we’re moving towards real solutions. Full bio
Nobel Laureate Al Gore focused the world’s attention on the global climate crisis. Now he’s showing us how we’re moving towards real solutions. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:18
I have given the slide show that I gave here two years ago about 2,000 times.
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两年前我在此做了一次幻灯片演讲，后来我将同样内容的演讲作了大约2000次。
00:25
I'm giving a short slide show this morning
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今天上午，我要做的简短的演讲内容
00:30
that I'm giving for the very first time, so --
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是我破天荒的第一次，所以——
00:33
well it's -- I don't want or need to raise the bar,
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呵呵， 我并非要提高演讲水平
00:38
I'm actually trying to lower the bar.
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实际上我在试图去降低标准。
00:39
Because I've cobbled this together
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因为我只是拼凑这些材料
00:44
to try to meet the challenge of this session.
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来完成这个讲座。
00:49
And I was reminded by Karen Armstrong's fantastic presentation
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我想起了卡伦•阿姆斯特朗的精彩演讲，
00:54
that religion really properly understood
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他提到真正被理解的宗教，
01:00
is not about belief, but about behavior.
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并非关于教义，而是关系行为。
01:03
Perhaps we should say the same thing about optimism.
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对于乐观主义，也许我们应有同样的说法。
01:07
How dare we be optimistic?
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我们怎敢乐观？
01:11
Optimism is sometimes characterized as a belief, an intellectual posture.
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乐观主义有时被描绘为一种信念，一种智识上的心境。
01:19
As Mahatma Gandhi famously said,
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但是像圣雄甘地的名言所说的，
01:22
"You must become the change you wish to see in the world."
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“你必须成为你愿意看到的变化。”
01:25
And the outcome about which
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所以，我们试图以乐观心境期待的结果
01:27
we wish to be optimistic is not going to be created
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并非由信念本身就能创造出来，
01:32
by the belief alone, except to the extent that the belief
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除非这种信念，
01:37
brings about new behavior. But the word "behavior"
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能带来新的行为模式。但是“行为”这个词，
01:43
is also, I think, sometimes misunderstood in this context.
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我想，在这个语境下也经常被误解。
01:47
I'm a big advocate of changing
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我大力提倡更换
01:50
the lightbulbs and buying hybrids,
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灯泡以及购买混合动力汽车，
01:53
and Tipper and I put 33 solar panels on our house,
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我和妻子Tipper也在家里的房子上安装了33个太阳能电板，
01:57
and dug the geothermal wells, and did all of that other stuff.
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并建造地热能井和做所有其他的类似事情。
02:02
But, as important as it is to change the lightbulbs,
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但是，就像和换灯泡一样，
02:06
it is more important to change the laws.
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更重要的是修订法律
02:08
And when we change our behavior in our daily lives,
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当我们改变我们日常生活的行为模式的时候，
02:14
we sometimes leave out the citizenship part
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我们间或忘记了“公民”
02:17
and the democracy part. In order to be optimistic about this,
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和“民主”这些部分。为了能真的乐观，
02:24
we have to become incredibly active as citizens in our democracy.
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我们必须在我们的民主体制中以公民的身份积极行动。
02:30
In order to solve the climate crisis,
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为了解决气候危机，
02:32
we have to solve the democracy crisis.
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我们必须先解决民主危机。
02:35
And we have one.
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我这里有一个故事。
02:37
I have been trying to tell this story for a long time.
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很久以来我就想讲这个故事。
02:42
I was reminded of that recently, by a woman
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最近我被一个女士提醒，
02:46
who walked past the table I was sitting at,
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当她经过我就坐的桌子的时候，
02:49
just staring at me as she walked past. She was in her 70s,
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一直盯着我看，直到她走过。她已经70多岁了，
02:53
looked like she had a kind face. I thought nothing of it
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看起来很和蔼。我对此也没多想，
02:57
until I saw from the corner of my eye
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直到我从眼角的余光中看到，
03:00
she was walking from the opposite direction,
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她竟然从相反的方向返回，
03:02
also just staring at me. And so I said, "How do you do?"
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并一直瞪着我。我只好说，“你好！”
03:06
And she said, "You know, if you dyed your hair black,
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她随即说，“你知道吗，如果你把你的头发染黑，
03:09
you would look just like Al Gore." (Laughter)
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你就会和阿尔•戈尔长得一模一样。”（笑声）
03:19
Many years ago, when I was a young congressman,
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很多年前，当我还是个年轻的国会议员的时候，
03:21
I spent an awful lot of time dealing with the challenge
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我花费了大量的时间来处理
03:25
of nuclear arms control -- the nuclear arms race.
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核武器控制和核军备竞赛带来的挑战。
03:28
And the military historians taught me,
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那时军事历史学家告诉我，
03:31
during that quest, that military conflicts are typically
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经过研究，典型的军事冲突
03:36
put into three categories: local battles,
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可以分为三种类型：局部战斗，
03:41
regional or theater wars, and the rare but all-important
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地区或战区战争，以及罕见的但极重要的
03:46
global, world war -- strategic conflicts.
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全球性的世界大战，即战略冲突。
03:51
And each level of conflict requires a different allocation of resources,
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每种级别冲突需要不同的资源配置，
03:56
a different approach,
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一种不同的途径，
03:58
a different organizational model.
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和一种不同的组织模式。
04:02
Environmental challenges fall into the same three categories,
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环境危机也可以被划分为类似的三种类型，
04:06
and most of what we think about
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大部分我们经常想到的危机
04:07
are local environmental problems: air pollution, water pollution,
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都是局部的地方环境问题：空气污染、水污染
04:10
hazardous waste dumps. But there are also
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垃圾排放。但同时也有
04:14
regional environmental problems, like acid rain
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区域性的环境为题，比如酸雨，
04:17
from the Midwest to the Northeast, and from Western Europe
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从中西部地区到东北部地区，从西欧
04:21
to the Arctic, and from the Midwest
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到北极，从密西西比以外
04:25
out the Mississippi into the dead zone of the Gulf of Mexico.
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的中西部到墨西哥湾的死亡地带。
04:28
And there are lots of those. But the climate crisis
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还有很多此类的问题。但是具有以下特征的气候危机：
04:30
is the rare but all-important
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是罕见、极为重要、
04:32
global, or strategic, conflict.
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全球性、或战略性的冲突，
04:35
Everything is affected. And we have to organize our response
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将会影响所有的事物。所以我们必须相应地组织应对。
04:40
appropriately. We need a worldwide, global mobilization
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我们需要一个世界性的、全球大动员，
04:46
for renewable energy, conservation, efficiency
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来推进可再生能源、节能、效率
04:49
and a global transition to a low-carbon economy.
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和全球地向低碳经济的过度。
04:52
We have work to do. And we can mobilize resources
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我们要做这些工作。我们可以整合人力、财力资源
04:56
and political will. But the political will
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和政治意愿。但是，政治意愿
05:00
has to be mobilized, in order to mobilize the resources.
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必须先行动起来，才能调动资源。
05:03
Let me show you these slides here.
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我给大家展示一些幻灯片。
05:08
I thought I would start with the logo. What's missing here,
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我想我将从这个标志开始。这里少了什么呢，
05:15
of course, is the North Polar ice cap.
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当然，是北极的冰盖。
05:17
Greenland remains. Twenty-eight years ago, this is what the
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格陵兰岛还在。28年前，这是那时
05:24
polar ice cap -- the North Polar ice cap -- looked like
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的极地——北极的冰盖的形状，
05:28
at the end of the summer, at the fall equinox.
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时间是夏末的秋分节气。
05:32
This last fall, I went to the Snow and Ice Data Center
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上个秋季，我去了“雪冰数据中心”，
05:36
in Boulder, Colorado, and talked to the researchers
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它设在卡拉尔多的Boulder市；我并和在本地Monterey市的
05:39
here in Monterey at the Naval Postgraduate Laboratory.
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海军研究实验室的研究人员做了交谈。
05:43
This is what's happened in the last 28 years.
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这就是在过去28年里所发生的。
05:47
To put it in perspective, 2005 was the previous record.
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从整体趋势来看，设定2005年为记录点。
05:52
Here's what happened last fall
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这是上个秋季发生的变化，
05:55
that has really unnerved the researchers.
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这些变化真的让研究人员们感到焦虑。
05:58
The North Polar ice cap is the same size geographically --
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北极冰盖的地理面积
06:10
doesn't look quite the same size --
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虽然看起来不太吻合，
06:11
but it is exactly the same size as the United States,
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但实际上正好等于美国本土的面积
06:15
minus an area roughly equal to the state of Arizona.
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减去亚利桑那州的大小。
06:18
The amount that disappeared in 2005
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在2005年冰盖消失的面积，
06:21
was equivalent to everything east of the Mississippi.
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和密西西比以东的所有州面积总和一样大。
06:25
The extra amount that disappeared last fall
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去年秋季冰盖消失的面积
06:29
was equivalent to this much. It comes back in the winter,
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大约和这个同量。冰盖在冬季恢复了一些，
06:32
but not as permanent ice, as thin ice --
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但此时形成的不是永久型冰盖，而是薄的冰层，
06:36
vulnerable. The amount remaining could be completely gone
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非常脆弱。剩下的冰盖可能在至少五年内
06:42
in summer in as little as five years.
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的夏季全部消失。
06:43
That puts a lot of pressure on Greenland.
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这给格陵兰岛带来很大的压力。
06:49
Already, around the Arctic Circle --
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在北极圈地区，
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this is a famous village in Alaska. This is a town
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这是一个很有名的村庄。这是一个小镇，
07:01
in Newfoundland. Antarctica. Latest studies from NASA.
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在纽芬兰。下面让我们看南极。NASA最新的研究表明，
07:10
The amount of a moderate-to-severe snow melting
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中度和重度的冰雪融化的面积，
07:13
of an area equivalent to the size of California.
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相当于整个加利福尼亚洲。
07:17
"They were the best of times,
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“ 这是最好的时代，
07:20
they were the worst of times": the most famous opening sentence
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也是最坏的时代，”在英国文学中最著名的
07:23
in English literature. I want to share briefly
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开场词。我想简单地和大家分享一下
07:26
a tale of two planets. Earth and Venus
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“双星记。”地球和金星
07:29
are exactly the same size. Earth's diameter
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大小一样。地球的直径
07:32
is about 400 kilometers larger, but essentially the same size.
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比金星长约400千米，但是在实质上二者还是一致的。
07:37
They have exactly the same amount of carbon.
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两个星球有恰好同等数量的碳含量。
07:39
But the difference is, on Earth, most of the carbon
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但是区别在于，在地球上，大多数的碳元素
07:44
has been leeched over time out of the atmosphere,
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已被从空气中吸取，
07:47
deposited in the ground as coal, oil,
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储存在地下，以煤、石油、
07:51
natural gas, etc. On Venus, most of it
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天然气等形式。而在金星上，大多数碳
07:54
is in the atmosphere. The difference is that our temperature
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都在大气中。不同的结果是我们的温度
07:59
is 59 degrees on average. On Venus,
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是平均59度。在金星上，
08:02
it's 855. This is relevant to our current strategy
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是855度。而与此相关的，我们现在的活动是，
08:06
of taking as much carbon out of the ground as quickly as possible,
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从地表中尽快提取越来越多的碳元素，
08:08
and putting it into the atmosphere.
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并排放到大气中。
08:12
It's not because Venus is slightly closer to the Sun.
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并非因为进行金星离太阳更近一些，
08:15
It's three times hotter than Mercury,
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它可是比水星还要热三倍，
08:17
which is right next to the Sun. Now, briefly,
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而水星是紧挨着太阳的。现在，简短的，
08:20
here's an image you've seen, as one of the only old images,
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这是你看到的旧图像之一，
08:22
but I show it because I want to briefly give you CSI: Climate.
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我展示它是因为我想给大家简短地展示 犯罪现场调查之：气候。
08:26
The global scientific community says:
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全球科学界说，
08:32
man-made global warming pollution, put into the atmosphere,
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人为温室气体的排放，在大气积聚，
08:36
thickening this, is trapping more of the outgoing infrared.
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变厚，堵住了更多被地表反射出去的红外线。
08:38
You all know that. At the last
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大家都知道这些。在上一个
08:39
IPCC summary, the scientists wanted to say,
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政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）的总结中，科学家们想问，
08:43
"How certain are you?" They wanted to answer that "99 percent."
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“你们有多确定？”委员会的官员们想回答说“百分之九十九地确定。”
08:46
The Chinese objected, and so the compromise was
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中国代表反对，最后的妥协是
08:48
"more than 90 percent."
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“大于百分之九十地确定。”
08:50
Now, the skeptics say, "Oh, wait a minute,
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现在，怀疑论者们会说，“啊，等一下，
08:53
this could be variations in this energy
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另外一个可能因素可能是——能量
08:57
coming in from the sun." If that were true,
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从太阳而来。"如果这说法是正确的，
09:00
the stratosphere would be heated as well as the
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那么平流层也会变得更热，和底层大气一样，
09:04
lower atmosphere, if it's more coming in.
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假设更多红外线照射到地球上。
09:07
If it's more being trapped on the way out, then you would
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如果红外线是在被发射逃逸的过程中被阻拦，理论上
09:10
expect it to be warmer here and cooler here. Here is the lower atmosphere.
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底层大气将会更热而平流层会更冷。这里是底层大气。
09:16
Here's the stratosphere: cooler.
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而这里是平流层：更冷了。
09:19
CSI: Climate.
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犯罪现场调查之气候篇
09:20
Now, here's the good news. Sixty-eight percent of Americans now believe
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现在，好消息是，百分之六十八的美国人相信
09:27
that human activity is responsible
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人类活动应该为全球变暖负责。
09:30
for global warming. Sixty-nine percent believe that the Earth is heating up
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百分之六十九的人相信，地球正在显著地
09:35
in a significant way. There has been progress,
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变暖。进步已经在发生了，
09:38
but here is the key: when given a list
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但要点是，当做一个清单来列举
09:45
of challenges to confront, global warming is still listed at near the bottom.
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要面临的挑战时，全球变暖仍然是在接近清单的最低端。
09:54
What is missing is a sense of urgency.
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缺少的是——紧迫感。
09:57
If you agree with the factual analysis,
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如果你认同事实方面的分析，
10:02
but you don't feel the sense of urgency,
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却没有感觉到紧迫感，
10:05
where does that leave you?
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那你在想什么呢？
10:06
Well, the Alliance for Climate Protection, which I head
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我领导的“气候保护联盟”
10:09
in conjunction with Current TV -- who did this pro bono --
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与CurrentTV合作做了一个公益活动，
10:13
did a worldwide contest to do commercials on how to communicate this.
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我们主办了世界性的广告大赛，主题是如何宣传紧迫感。
10:17
This is the winner.
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这是获奖作品。
11:06
NBC -- I'll show all of the networks here -- the top journalists
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在此我将展示所有电视网络公司——NBC的资深记者
11:13
for NBC asked 956 questions in 2007
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在2007年问了956个问题，
11:17
of the presidential candidates: two of them were about
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——给总统候选人的问题：其中两个是关于
11:20
the climate crisis. ABC: 844 questions, two about the climate crisis.
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气候危机。ABC：844个问题，两个关于气候危机。
11:27
Fox: two. CNN: two. CBS: zero.
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FOX：两个；CNN：两个；CBS：零个。
11:37
From laughs to tears -- this is one of the older
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从笑声到眼泪。这是一个旧时的
11:41
tobacco commercials.
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香烟广告。
11:43
So here's what we're doing.
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这是我们在做的事情。
11:45
This is gasoline consumption in all of these countries. And us.
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这是所有这些国家的石油消耗量，以及，我们美国。
11:55
But it's not just the developed nations.
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但是不只是发达国家，
12:01
The developing countries are now following us
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发展中国家也在追随我们
12:05
and accelerating their pace. And actually,
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并加快了排放的步伐。并且，事实上
12:07
their cumulative emissions this year are the equivalent
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发展中国家今年的排放量相等于
12:10
to where we were in 1965. And they're catching up
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我们1965年的排放量。但是他们在
12:13
very dramatically. The total concentrations:
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急速赶上。结果是，
12:17
by 2025, they will be essentially where we were in 1985.
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到2025年的时候，发展中国家会和我们在1985年的排放水平一致。
12:23
If the wealthy countries were completely missing
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即使将富裕国家整个地从地图上
12:28
from the picture, we would still have this crisis.
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抹去，我们仍然要面临气候危机。
12:31
But we have given to the developing countries
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但是我们已经给予了发展中国家
12:35
the technologies and the ways of thinking
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技术和思维方式，
12:37
that are creating the crisis. This is in Bolivia --
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这些东西导致了气候危机。这里是玻利维亚，
12:43
over thirty years.
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时间幅度为三十年。
13:05
This is peak fishing in a few seconds. The '60s.
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这个几秒钟图示是关于捕鱼的高峰期。六十年代，
13:09
'70s. '80s. '90s. We have to stop this. And the good news is that we can.
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七十年代，八十年代，九十年代。我们必须停止。好消息是，我们可以做到。
13:18
We have the technologies.
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我们已有必要的科技，
13:22
We have to have a unified view of how to go about this:
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我们所需要有的是关于如何行动的统一的观点：
13:27
the struggle against poverty in the world
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世界上对贫困的抗争
13:31
and the challenge of cutting wealthy country emissions,
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还有富裕国家的减排所面临的挑战
13:35
all has a single, very simple solution.
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都有单一的、非常简单的解决方案。
13:39
People say, "What's the solution?" Here it is.
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人们问，“什么是解决方案？”这就是，
13:43
Put a price on carbon. We need a CO2 tax, revenue neutral,
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给碳排放标价。我们需要二氧化碳税，收入中性型的，
13:49
to replace taxation on employment, which was invented by Bismarck --
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来取代对雇佣的征税；这是由Bismark发明的理论——
13:57
and some things have changed
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其中有些部分自19世纪以来
13:58
since the 19th century.
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已经被改变。
13:59
In the poor world, we have to integrate the responses
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在贫穷国家，我们应将解决贫困问题
14:06
to poverty with the solutions to the climate crisis.
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和应对气候危机的措施统一起来。
14:10
Plans to fight poverty in Uganda
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解决乌干达贫困问题的计划
14:13
are mooted, if we do not solve the climate crisis.
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将会是毫无意义的，如果我们不解决气候变化问题。
14:17
But responses can actually make a huge difference
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但是对应措施实际上可以在贫穷国家
14:25
in the poor countries. This is a proposal
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引发出重大的改变。 这是一个
14:30
that has been talked about a lot in Europe.
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在欧洲被广泛讨论的提议。
14:34
This was from Nature magazine. These are concentrating
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这是取自《自然》杂志。这些是
14:38
solar, renewable energy plants, linked in a so-called "supergrid"
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可再生太阳能收集站，连接起来形成超级网络，
14:45
to supply all of the electrical power
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来供应电力，
14:48
to Europe, largely from developing countries -- high-voltage DC currents.
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大部分从发展中国家向欧洲，高压直流电。
14:56
This is not pie in the sky; this can be done.
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这不是“天上掉馅饼”的事，而是切实可行的。
14:59
We need to do it for our own economy.
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为了我们自己的经济，我们也应去做。
15:02
The latest figures show that the old model
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最新的数据显示旧的模式
15:05
is not working. There are a lot of great investments
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已不再有效。大家可以选择其他
15:09
that you can make. If you are investing in tar sands
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重要投资。如果你正在投资焦油砂
15:13
or shale oil, then you have a portfolio
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或页岩油，那么你的资产组合
15:19
that is crammed with sub-prime carbon assets.
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充满了“次贷碳资产”。
15:23
And it is based on an old model.
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这种组合是以旧的模式为基础的。
15:27
Junkies find veins in their toes when the ones
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瘾君子们在他们的脚趾上找静脉血管，当胳膊
15:30
in their arms and their legs collapse. Developing tar sands
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和腿部的静脉委痿陷时。发展焦油砂
15:35
and coal shale is the equivalent. Here are just a few of the investments
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和页岩油就和瘾君子们一样。这里是一些投资，
15:41
that I personally think make sense.
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我个人认为有意义的投资。
15:44
I have a stake in these, so I'll have a disclaimer there.
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我在这些投资中有股份，所以在此要发表一下免责声明。
15:47
But geothermal, concentrating solar,
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比如地热能，太阳能收集技术，
15:50
advanced photovoltaics, efficiency and conservation.
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高级光电转换技术，（这些技术）（提高了）能源利用效率和能量转换率。
15:57
You've seen this slide before, but there's a change.
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大家以前看过这幅幻灯片，但是其中有一个变化。
16:00
The only two countries that didn't ratify
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仅有的两个没有批准京都议定书的国家
16:04
-- and now there's only one. Australia had an election.
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——现在只有一个。不久前澳大利亚举行了选举，
16:09
And there was a campaign in Australia
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也有了一场运动，
16:12
that involved television and Internet and radio commercials
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电视、互联网和广播广告都参与进来
16:17
to lift the sense of urgency for the people there.
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来提高澳洲民众对气候变化的紧迫感的认识。
16:19
And we trained 250 people to give the slide show
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我们培训了250人来做这个幻灯片演讲，
16:23
in every town and village and city in Australia.
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传播到了澳大利亚的每一个小镇、村庄和城市。
16:28
Lot of other things contributed to it,
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很多其它的因素也有贡献，
16:30
but the new Prime Minister announced that
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新首相宣布
16:33
his very first priority would be to change Australia's position
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他的首要措施是改变澳大利亚对京都议定书的
16:37
on Kyoto, and he has. Now, they came to an awareness
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立场，他的确做到了。澳洲清醒了，
16:42
partly because of the horrible drought that they have had.
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部分是因为他们经历的恐怖的干旱。
16:46
This is Lake Lanier. My friend Heidi Cullen
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这是拉尼尔湖。我的朋友Heidi Cullins说
16:50
said that if we gave droughts names the way we give hurricanes names,
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如果如果我们像命名飓风一样来命名干旱，
16:54
we'd call the one in the southeast now Katrina,
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我们将称呼现在东南部的干旱为“卡特琳娜”，
16:57
and we would say it's headed toward Atlanta.
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而且我们还会说，它正在超亚特兰大方向移动。
16:59
We can't wait for the kind of drought
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我们不能等到美国发生像澳大利亚一样的干旱
17:03
Australia had to change our political culture.
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才改变我们的政治认识。
17:05
Here's more good news. The cities supporting Kyoto in the U.S.
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这里有更多的好消息。美国城市中支持京都议定书的
17:14
are up to 780 -- and I thought I saw one go by there,
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已经有780个——我想我看到了一个名字闪过了，
17:17
just to localize this -- which is good news.
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就是它！这的确是好消息。
17:23
Now, to close, we heard a couple of days ago
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作为结束语，多日以前，我们听说
17:29
about the value of making individual heroism so commonplace
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太多的制造个人英雄主义的故事
17:38
that it becomes banal or routine.
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以至于它们变得陈腐或公式化。
17:41
What we need is another hero generation. Those of us who are alive
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我们需要的是另外一个英雄年代。我们，
17:50
in the United States of America
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今天生活在美国的我们，
17:52
today especially, but also the rest of the world,
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还有世界上的其他人，
17:55
have to somehow understand that history
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必须或多或少明白，历史
18:00
has presented us with a choice -- just as Jill [Bolte] Taylor was figuring out
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给了我们一个抉择——就像Jill Bolte Taylor选择去
18:10
how to save her life while she was distracted
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如何拯救她的生命，在她被自己所经历的
18:15
by the amazing experience that she was going through.
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惊人的体验所困扰的时候。
18:19
We now have a culture of distraction.
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我们有困扰的文化，
18:22
But we have a planetary emergency.
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但是我们面临星球危机。
18:27
And we have to find a way to create,
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我们必须找到一个途径来培养
18:31
in the generation of those alive today, a sense of generational mission.
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在世的这一代人代际使命的责任感。
18:37
I wish I could find the words to convey this.
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我希望我能找到传达这些理念的词语。
18:43
This was another hero generation
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过去曾有英雄一代，
18:45
that brought democracy to the planet.
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他们给地球带来了民主
18:48
Another that ended slavery. And that gave women the right to vote.
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另外一代结束了奴隶制；还有一代给予了妇女投票权。
18:55
We can do this. Don't tell me that we don't have the capacity to do it.
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我们能做到这些。不要告诉我我们没有能力去做。
19:02
If we had just one week's worth of what we spend on the Iraq War,
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如果我们有我们在伊拉克战争中一周消耗的金钱，
19:06
we could be well on the way to solving this challenge.
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我们就足以着手解决气候危机了。
19:09
We have the capacity to do it.
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我们有能力去做！
19:19
One final point: I'm optimistic, because I believe
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最后一点。我很乐观，因为我相信
19:32
we have the capacity, at moments of great challenge,
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在面临重大挑战时，我们有能力
19:36
to set aside the causes of distraction and rise to the challenge
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排除其他因素的干扰并应对
19:42
that history is presenting to us.
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历史给我们带来的危机。
19:47
Sometimes I hear people respond to the disturbing facts of the climate crisis
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有时候我听到人们对气候危机的让人烦恼的事实回应，
19:59
by saying, "Oh, this is so terrible.
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他们说，“哦，太恐怖了，
20:01
What a burden we have." I would like to ask you
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我们的责任太大了吧！”我会让你
20:07
to reframe that. How many generations
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重新表达你的看法。在人类历史上
20:11
in all of human history have had the opportunity
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有多少代人有过机会
20:16
to rise to a challenge that is worthy of our best efforts?
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来解决我们现在要极力应对的挑战？
20:25
A challenge that can pull from us
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一个促使我们
20:31
more than we knew we could do? I think we ought to approach
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做比我们知道我们可以做的比我们想到的更多的挑战？我想我们应当开始对付
20:39
this challenge with a sense of profound joy
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这个挑战，怀着全然的快乐感
20:43
and gratitude that we are the generation
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和感激——我们是这一代！
20:48
about which, a thousand years from now,
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一千年后，
20:52
philharmonic orchestras and poets and singers will celebrate
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慈善交响乐团、诗人和歌唱家将庆祝，
21:01
by saying, they were the ones that found it within themselves
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说，他们是那些通过他们自己
21:08
to solve this crisis and lay the basis
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解决了这个危机并为光明
21:13
for a bright and optimistic human future.
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和乐观的人类未来奠下根基。
21:15
Let's do that. Thank you very much.
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让我们行动吧！非常感谢。
21:42
Chris Anderson: For so many people at TED, there is deep pain
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克里斯•安德尔逊：对于参与TED的很多人来说，
21:48
that basically a design issue
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在今天快要结束的时候，大家都有一个问题，
21:50
on a voting form --
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一个关于选举制度的问题，
21:52
one bad design issue meant that your voice wasn't being heard
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差的选举制度意味着您的意见不能被采纳。
21:56
like that in the last eight years in a position
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就像您以前在位的八年时间内，
21:57
where you could make these things come true.
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您本来是可以实现这些事情的。
21:59
That hurts.
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这种结果的伤害很大啊。
22:01
Al Gore: You have no idea. (Laughter)
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但你也不知道。（笑）
22:11
CA: When you look at what the leading candidates
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当你看到那么你自己党的主要的候选人
22:12
in your own party are doing now -- I mean, there's --
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他们在做的事情，——我的意思是——
22:14
are you excited by their plans on global warming?
288
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你对他们在全球变暖上的计划感到兴奋吗？
22:28
AG: The answer to the question is hard for me
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戈尔：这个问题对我来说很难回答，
22:32
because, on the one hand, I think that
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因为，在一方面，我想
22:36
we should feel really great about the fact
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我们应对现在的竞选态势感觉不错，
22:41
that the Republican nominee -- certain nominee --
292
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共和党的提名人，
22:47
John McCain, and both of the finalists
293
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麦克•凯恩，还有两位
22:51
for the Democratic nomination -- all three have a very different
294
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民主党提名人，他们三位都有一份非常不同的
22:56
and forward-leaning position
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和前瞻性的立场
22:58
on the climate crisis. All three have offered leadership,
296
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来应对气候危机。三位都承诺在此事项的领导力，
23:03
and all three are very different from the approach taken
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并且三位都和现任政府采取的途径
23:07
by the current administration. And I think
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有所不同。我想
23:10
that all three have also been responsible in
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三位都曾负责
23:14
putting forward plans and proposals. But the campaign dialogue that --
300
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提出前瞻性的计划和提议。但是竞选宣言——
23:25
as illustrated by the questions --
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就像问题所展示的——
23:26
that was put together by the
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是被“保守选民联盟”
23:27
League of Conservation Voters, by the way, the analysis of all the questions --
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组合在一起的；还有对问题的分析也是——
23:30
and, by the way, the debates have all been
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再者，顺便说一下，这些辩论本身
23:34
sponsored by something that goes by the Orwellian label,
305
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在举办是就已被贴上一种奥威尔标签，
23:36
"Clean Coal." Has anybody noticed that?
306
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“清洁煤炭。”有人注意到了没有？
23:40
Every single debate has been sponsored by "Clean Coal."
307
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其中任何一场辩论都是由“清洁煤炭”主办的。
23:44
"Now, even lower emissions!"
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“现在，更低量的排放！”
23:46
The richness and fullness of the dialogue
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对话的深度和广度
23:50
in our democracy has not laid the basis
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在我们的民主体制下没有为真正需要的
23:53
for the kind of bold initiative that is really needed.
311
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大手笔计划打下基础。
23:57
So they're saying the right things and they may --
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所以他们在说正确的事情而且他们可能——
24:00
whichever of them is elected -- may do the right thing,
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无论谁当选——可能做正确的事情，
24:03
but let me tell you: when I came back from Kyoto
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但是让我告诉你：当我从京都回来时，
24:07
in 1997, with a feeling of great happiness
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那是在1997年，我满怀喜悦，
24:14
that we'd gotten that breakthrough there,
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觉得我们已经在那里取得突破性的进展；
24:16
and then confronted the United States Senate,
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但后来提交合众国参议院审议时，
24:18
only one out of 100 senators was willing to vote
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100名参议员中只有一人愿意投票赞成
24:22
to confirm, to ratify that treaty. Whatever the candidates say
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确认和批准那个公约。无论竞选人说的是什么，
24:29
has to be laid alongside what the people say.
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都必须和人民说什么放在一起看。
24:34
This challenge is part of the fabric
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这种挑战是组成我们整个文明的
24:38
of our whole civilization.
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基本构造的一部分。
24:40
CO2 is the exhaling breath of our civilization, literally.
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不夸张地说， 二氧化碳是我们文明散发的呼吸。
24:44
And now we mechanized that process. Changing that pattern
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现在我们把整个过程机械化了，改变了模式；
24:47
requires a scope, a scale, a speed of change
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这样就需要一种全新的角度、尺寸和速度的变化，
24:54
that is beyond what we have done in the past.
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一个超越了我们在过去所做过的任何事情的变化。
24:57
So that's why I began by saying,
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这就是为什么我在开始说，
24:59
be optimistic in what you do, but be an active citizen.
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对你所做的要乐观，但是要成为一个积极的公民。
25:06
Demand -- change the light bulbs,
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要求——不只是改变灯泡
25:08
but change the laws. Change the global treaties.
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而是改变法律，改变全球性条约。
25:11
We have to speak up. We have to solve this democracy -- this --
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我们必须站起来发出声音，我们必须解决这个民主的问题——
25:18
We have sclerosis in our democracy. And we have to change that.
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我们的民主机制存在僵化现象，我们必须改变这种僵化。
25:25
Use the Internet. Go on the Internet.
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利用互联网，挂到网上，
25:26
Connect with people. Become very active as citizens.
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联系人们，作为公民而积极活跃。
25:30
Have a moratorium -- we shouldn't
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要中止——我们不应当再有
25:32
have any new coal-fired generating plants
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任何新的煤动力火电站，
25:34
that aren't able to capture and store CO2, which means we have to
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这种火电站不能留存二氧化碳。这意味着我们必须
25:39
quickly build these renewable sources.
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快速建造利用可再生能源。
25:41
Now, nobody is talking on that scale. But I do believe
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现在没有人在这个层次上讨论。但是我相信，
25:45
that between now and November, it is possible.
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从现在开始到十月份，这是可能的。
25:49
This Alliance for Climate Protection
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气候保护联盟
25:51
is going to launch a nationwide campaign --
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将发起一个全国性的运动——
25:54
grassroots mobilization, television ads, Internet ads,
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从草根阶层的动员、电视广告、互联网广告，
25:57
radio, newspaper -- with partnerships with everybody
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到广播台、报社——与每一个人合作
26:00
from the Girl Scouts to the hunters and fishermen.
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从女童子军到猎人和渔夫。
26:03
We need help. We need help.
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我们需要协助助，我们需要协助。
26:07
CA: In terms of your own personal role going forward,
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关于你个人在以后的角色，
26:11
Al, is there something more than that
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阿尔，有其他想法吗？除了
26:13
you would like to be doing?
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你想要做的？
26:14
AG: I have prayed that I would be able to find the answer
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阿尔•戈尔：我祈祷我能够找到答案
26:22
to that question. What can I do?
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来回答这个问题。我能做什么呢？
26:27
Buckminster Fuller once wrote, "If the future
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巴克敏斯特•富勒写道，“如果
26:31
of all human civilization depended on me, what would I do?
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人类文明的未来都依赖我了，我要做什么？
26:36
How would I be?" It does depend on all of us,
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我将成为什么？”未来的确依赖于我们大家，
26:41
but again, not just with the light bulbs.
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但是再说一遍，并非仅指望换个电灯泡。
26:43
We, most of us here, are Americans. We have a democracy.
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我们，在做诸位的多数，是美国人。我们有民主制度。
26:51
We can change things, but we have to actively change.
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我们能改变，但是我们必须积极地去行动。
26:57
What's needed really is a higher level of consciousness.
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所需要的只是更高水平的认识。
27:02
And that's hard to --
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这种认识很难——
27:04
that's hard to create -- but it is coming.
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很难去创造——但是它即将到来。
27:08
There's an old African proverb that some of you know
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大家有些人可能知道一句古老的非洲谚语，
27:11
that says, "If you want to go quickly, go alone;
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谚语说，“如果你想走得快，要独行；
27:15
if you want to go far, go together." We have to go far, quickly.
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如果你想走得远，结伙而行。”我们必须走得快而远，
27:23
So we have to have a change in consciousness.
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所以我们必须改变我们的意识，
27:27
A change in commitment. A new sense of urgency.
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改变我们的信奉。一种新的危机感，
27:31
A new appreciation for the privilege
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和新认识——我们具有殊荣
27:34
that we have of undertaking this challenge.
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来应对这个挑战！
27:37
CA: Al Gore, thank you so much for coming to TED.
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安德尔逊：阿尔•戈尔，非常感谢您来到TED！
27:41
AG: Thank you. Thank you very much.
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戈尔：谢谢！非常感谢！
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Al Gore - Climate advocateNobel Laureate Al Gore focused the world’s attention on the global climate crisis. Now he’s showing us how we’re moving towards real solutions.
Why you should listen
Former Vice President Al Gore is co-founder and chairman of Generation Investment Management. While he’s is a senior partner at Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, and a member of Apple, Inc.’s board of directors, Gore spends the majority of his time as chair of The Climate Reality Project, a nonprofit devoted to solving the climate crisis.
He is the author of the bestsellers Earth in the Balance, An Inconvenient Truth, The Assault on Reason, Our Choice: A Plan to Solve the Climate Crisis, and most recently, The Future: Six Drivers of Global Change. He is the subject of the Oscar-winning documentary An Inconvenient Truth and is the co-recipient, with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, of the Nobel Peace Prize for 2007 for “informing the world of the dangers posed by climate change.”
Gore was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1976, 1978, 1980 and 1982 and the U.S. Senate in 1984 and 1990. He was inaugurated as the 45th Vice President of the United States on January 20, 1993, and served eight years.
Al Gore | Speaker | TED.com