TED2008
Al Gore: New thinking on the climate crisis
艾爾‧高爾：面對全球氣候危機展現新思維
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高爾提出證據說明全球的氣候變遷速度可能遠比科學家所預測的還來得嚴峻。他勉勵人們趕快加速行動。
Al Gore - Climate advocate
Nobel Laureate Al Gore focused the world’s attention on the global climate crisis. Now he’s showing us how we’re moving towards real solutions. Full bio
Nobel Laureate Al Gore focused the world’s attention on the global climate crisis. Now he’s showing us how we’re moving towards real solutions. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:18
I have given the slide show that I gave here two years ago about 2,000 times.
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兩年前，我在這裡講過一場演講，後來，同樣的內容我大概又講了2000次
00:25
I'm giving a short slide show this morning
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今天早上的投影片內容
00:30
that I'm giving for the very first time, so --
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可是我頭一次講的
00:33
well it's -- I don't want or need to raise the bar,
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我這樣說，並非想提高標準
00:38
I'm actually trying to lower the bar.
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其實我是想降低標準。
00:39
Because I've cobbled this together
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因為，我東拼西湊了這些資料
00:44
to try to meet the challenge of this session.
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來配合今天的演講場合。
00:49
And I was reminded by Karen Armstrong's fantastic presentation
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我不禁想起了凱倫‧阿姆斯壯( Karen Armstrong) 曾說過
00:54
that religion really properly understood
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宗教，恰當地來說，其實非關人類的信仰
01:00
is not about belief, but about behavior.
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而是人類的行為。
01:03
Perhaps we should say the same thing about optimism.
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或許，我們也該如此看待「樂觀」這件事。
01:07
How dare we be optimistic?
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我們怎敢說自己是樂觀派呢？
01:11
Optimism is sometimes characterized as a belief, an intellectual posture.
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樂觀，有時被當成一種信仰，一種理智的態度
01:19
As Mahatma Gandhi famously said,
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誠如印度國父甘地所言，
01:22
"You must become the change you wish to see in the world."
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「你希望世界變成什麼樣子，你自己要先成為那個樣子」
01:25
And the outcome about which
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我們想要樂觀，可是樂觀
01:27
we wish to be optimistic is not going to be created
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並不會因為我們想要而自動產生
01:32
by the belief alone, except to the extent that the belief
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除非我們的想法，某個程度上
01:37
brings about new behavior. But the word "behavior"
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可以帶來新的行為，但是「行為」這個字眼
01:43
is also, I think, sometimes misunderstood in this context.
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我覺得，有時候在這種情況下會被誤解
01:47
I'm a big advocate of changing
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我是大力贊成換省電燈泡
01:50
the lightbulbs and buying hybrids,
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還有開油電車的人，
01:53
and Tipper and I put 33 solar panels on our house,
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我和太太一同幫家裡裝了 33 片太陽能板，
01:57
and dug the geothermal wells, and did all of that other stuff.
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也開挖地熱井，還有做了許多其他類似的事情。
02:02
But, as important as it is to change the lightbulbs,
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雖然，換省電燈泡很重要，
02:06
it is more important to change the laws.
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但是，修訂法條更重要。
02:08
And when we change our behavior in our daily lives,
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當我們在改變每天的行為模式時，
02:14
we sometimes leave out the citizenship part
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卻忘了我們還有公民權利
02:17
and the democracy part. In order to be optimistic about this,
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還有民主制度，為了要可以真正樂觀，
02:24
we have to become incredibly active as citizens in our democracy.
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我們必須更積極扮演好我們的公民角色。
02:30
In order to solve the climate crisis,
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要解決地球的氣候危機，
02:32
we have to solve the democracy crisis.
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我們要先解決我們的民主危機。
02:35
And we have one.
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我們的民主真的有危機。
02:37
I have been trying to tell this story for a long time.
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這個故事我已經講過很多次了。
02:42
I was reminded of that recently, by a woman
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最近有位女士又讓我想起這個故事
02:46
who walked past the table I was sitting at,
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我那時坐著，她走過我的旁邊
02:49
just staring at me as she walked past. She was in her 70s,
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她一直盯著我看，年紀大約七十來歲
02:53
looked like she had a kind face. I thought nothing of it
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她看起來很和藹，我本來也不以為意
02:57
until I saw from the corner of my eye
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後來我從眼睛的餘光看到她
03:00
she was walking from the opposite direction,
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她從對面方向朝我走來，
03:02
also just staring at me. And so I said, "How do you do?"
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她還是一直盯著我看，於是，我跟她說：「您好！」
03:06
And she said, "You know, if you dyed your hair black,
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然後，她就說：「你知道嗎？如果你把頭髮染黑
03:09
you would look just like Al Gore." (Laughter)
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你看起來就像高爾副總統。」（哄堂大笑）
03:19
Many years ago, when I was a young congressman,
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多年前，我還是個年輕的國會議員
03:21
I spent an awful lot of time dealing with the challenge
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那時我花了好多時間
03:25
of nuclear arms control -- the nuclear arms race.
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處理核武限制、核武競賽的問題。
03:28
And the military historians taught me,
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在那段期間，軍事專家告訴我
03:31
during that quest, that military conflicts are typically
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軍事衝突基本上分為三大類
03:36
put into three categories: local battles,
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局部戰事、區域戰爭
03:41
regional or theater wars, and the rare but all-important
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以及罕見但嚴重的世界大戰
03:46
global, world war -- strategic conflicts.
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戰略性衝突。
03:51
And each level of conflict requires a different allocation of resources,
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不同衝突階段需要不同的資源分配
03:56
a different approach,
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不同的兵法
03:58
a different organizational model.
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以及不同的組織形態
04:02
Environmental challenges fall into the same three categories,
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環保的挑戰同樣也可以分成這三類
04:06
and most of what we think about
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目前大部分人的想法
04:07
are local environmental problems: air pollution, water pollution,
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都停留在局部的環保問題：空氣污染、水污染
04:10
hazardous waste dumps. But there are also
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有害廢棄物棄置等。
04:14
regional environmental problems, like acid rain
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但是還有區域的環保問題，像是酸雨
04:17
from the Midwest to the Northeast, and from Western Europe
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從中西部到東北部，從西歐到北極
04:21
to the Arctic, and from the Midwest
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從中西部密西西比以外
04:25
out the Mississippi into the dead zone of the Gulf of Mexico.
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到墨西哥灣的死區。
04:28
And there are lots of those. But the climate crisis
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這類區域環保問題太多了，但是氣候危機
04:30
is the rare but all-important
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是屬於罕見而嚴重的全球性問題
04:32
global, or strategic, conflict.
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是戰略性的衝突。
04:35
Everything is affected. And we have to organize our response
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全球無一倖免！大家必須組織動員起來
04:40
appropriately. We need a worldwide, global mobilization
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一起好好面對這個問題，我們需要全球動員
04:46
for renewable energy, conservation, efficiency
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找尋再生能源，保護地球資源，提升效能
04:49
and a global transition to a low-carbon economy.
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全世界一起轉型成「低碳經濟」。
04:52
We have work to do. And we can mobilize resources
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我們有好多事情要做，我們可以動員各種資源
04:56
and political will. But the political will
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包括政治力，但政治力要先動員起來
05:00
has to be mobilized, in order to mobilize the resources.
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才能有效動員其他資源
05:03
Let me show you these slides here.
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我來給大家看些投影片
05:08
I thought I would start with the logo. What's missing here,
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我想就從這個LOGO開始，這裡已經消失的
05:15
of course, is the North Polar ice cap.
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當然，就是北極冰帽
05:17
Greenland remains. Twenty-eight years ago, this is what the
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格林蘭還在，28年前，這裡還是極地冰帽
05:24
polar ice cap -- the North Polar ice cap -- looked like
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北極冰帽
05:28
at the end of the summer, at the fall equinox.
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看起來是夏末秋分的時節。
05:32
This last fall, I went to the Snow and Ice Data Center
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這是去年秋天，我去冰雪資料中心
05:36
in Boulder, Colorado, and talked to the researchers
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在科羅拉多的博爾德市，向研究人員演講
05:39
here in Monterey at the Naval Postgraduate Laboratory.
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這是在蒙特雷的海軍研究所實驗室。
05:43
This is what's happened in the last 28 years.
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這是過去 28 年的情形
05:47
To put it in perspective, 2005 was the previous record.
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正確來說，上次記錄是2005做的。
05:52
Here's what happened last fall
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這是去年秋天的情形
05:55
that has really unnerved the researchers.
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這讓研究人員相當緊張。
05:58
The North Polar ice cap is the same size geographically --
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從地形上來看，北極冰帽大小非常像美國。
06:10
doesn't look quite the same size --
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雖然看起來沒有完全像，
06:11
but it is exactly the same size as the United States,
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但它跟美國的大小一樣，
06:15
minus an area roughly equal to the state of Arizona.
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扣掉大約一個亞利桑納州的面積。
06:18
The amount that disappeared in 2005
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2005 年冰帽消失的面積
06:21
was equivalent to everything east of the Mississippi.
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等於密西西比以東的面積。
06:25
The extra amount that disappeared last fall
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去年秋天再消失的面積
06:29
was equivalent to this much. It comes back in the winter,
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等於這麼多，它在冬天又回來了
06:32
but not as permanent ice, as thin ice --
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但這並不是永久冰，而是薄冰。
06:36
vulnerable. The amount remaining could be completely gone
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是會融化的，現在僅存的冰也是會完全消失的
06:42
in summer in as little as five years.
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大約五年後的夏天就會消失。
06:43
That puts a lot of pressure on Greenland.
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這讓格林蘭面臨極大壓力。
06:49
Already, around the Arctic Circle --
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這是在北極圈附近
06:57
this is a famous village in Alaska. This is a town
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這是阿拉斯加一個有名的村莊，這是個小鎮
07:01
in Newfoundland. Antarctica. Latest studies from NASA.
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在紐芬蘭，在南極洲，太空總署的最新研究。
07:10
The amount of a moderate-to-severe snow melting
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中度到重度融冰的數量
07:13
of an area equivalent to the size of California.
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約等於一個加州。
07:17
"They were the best of times,
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這是最好的時代
07:20
they were the worst of times": the most famous opening sentence
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也是最壞的時代：這是英國文學
07:23
in English literature. I want to share briefly
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最有名的開場白，我想要簡短地
07:26
a tale of two planets. Earth and Venus
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跟你們講兩個星球的故事
07:29
are exactly the same size. Earth's diameter
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地球和金星大小一樣
07:32
is about 400 kilometers larger, but essentially the same size.
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地球直徑約多了 400 公里，但基本上，兩者大小一樣。
07:37
They have exactly the same amount of carbon.
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兩者含碳量也相同
07:39
But the difference is, on Earth, most of the carbon
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但不同的是，地球上大多數的碳
07:44
has been leeched over time out of the atmosphere,
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經過長時間，都被從大氣層中吸了出去，
07:47
deposited in the ground as coal, oil,
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藏在土壤中，像是煤炭、石油
07:51
natural gas, etc. On Venus, most of it
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天然氣等等，而在金星，大部分的碳
07:54
is in the atmosphere. The difference is that our temperature
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都在大氣層中，結果我們的溫度
07:59
is 59 degrees on average. On Venus,
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平均 59 度，而金星的溫度是855 度
08:02
it's 855. This is relevant to our current strategy
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這跟我們現在的做法有相當的關係
08:06
of taking as much carbon out of the ground as quickly as possible,
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我們正在加速把土壤中的碳拿出來
08:08
and putting it into the atmosphere.
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放回大氣層裡頭去。
08:12
It's not because Venus is slightly closer to the Sun.
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金星不是因為離太陽近一點
08:15
It's three times hotter than Mercury,
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所以它比水星熱三倍，
08:17
which is right next to the Sun. Now, briefly,
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水星就在太陽的旁邊，簡單來說
08:20
here's an image you've seen, as one of the only old images,
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看看這張圖片，這是你看過的照片，
08:22
but I show it because I want to briefly give you CSI: Climate.
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我讓大家簡單看看氣候犯罪現場的照片。
08:26
The global scientific community says:
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全球科學界都說，
08:32
man-made global warming pollution, put into the atmosphere,
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人類造成全球溫室污染，排入大氣層中
08:36
thickening this, is trapping more of the outgoing infrared.
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把這個加厚，更多紅外線無法輻射出去。
08:38
You all know that. At the last
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這些你都已經知道了
08:39
IPCC summary, the scientists wanted to say,
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根據 IPCC 最新的說法，科學家想告訴我們
08:43
"How certain are you?" They wanted to answer that "99 percent."
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「你有多確定呢？」科學家想回答：「百分之九十九」
08:46
The Chinese objected, and so the compromise was
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中國代表反對這種說法，所以折衷的說法是
08:48
"more than 90 percent."
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「百分之九十以上」
08:50
Now, the skeptics say, "Oh, wait a minute,
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現在，懷疑論者說，「等一下」
08:53
this could be variations in this energy
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這裡面有許多變數，來自太陽的能量。
08:57
coming in from the sun." If that were true,
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如果這是真的話
09:00
the stratosphere would be heated as well as the
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同溫層的溫度會上升
09:04
lower atmosphere, if it's more coming in.
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大氣層下層溫度也會上升，如果有更多熱量進來。
09:07
If it's more being trapped on the way out, then you would
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如果有更多紅外線出不去
09:10
expect it to be warmer here and cooler here. Here is the lower atmosphere.
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你可以預期這裡比較熱，這裡比較涼，這裡是大氣層的下層。
09:16
Here's the stratosphere: cooler.
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這裡是同溫層，比較涼。
09:19
CSI: Climate.
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氣候犯罪現場的分析
09:20
Now, here's the good news. Sixty-eight percent of Americans now believe
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這裡有些好消息，現在有68%的美國人相信
09:27
that human activity is responsible
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人類要為全球暖化負責
09:30
for global warming. Sixty-nine percent believe that the Earth is heating up
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有69％相信地球的溫度正急遽升高
09:35
in a significant way. There has been progress,
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觀念上的確是有些進步了
09:38
but here is the key: when given a list
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但重點是：如果要開一張清單
09:45
of challenges to confront, global warming is still listed at near the bottom.
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列出我們要面對的挑戰，全球暖化還是被排在很下面。
09:54
What is missing is a sense of urgency.
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因為我們缺少了急迫感。
09:57
If you agree with the factual analysis,
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如果你都同意這些事實分析，
10:02
but you don't feel the sense of urgency,
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但是你卻沒有急迫感，
10:05
where does that leave you?
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你會怎麼做呢？
10:06
Well, the Alliance for Climate Protection, which I head
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我所領導的氣候保護聯盟
10:09
in conjunction with Current TV -- who did this pro bono --
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跟 CurrentTV 一起共同舉辦了
10:13
did a worldwide contest to do commercials on how to communicate this.
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一場全球廣告競賽，來宣傳這件事情。
10:17
This is the winner.
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這是得獎作品。
11:06
NBC -- I'll show all of the networks here -- the top journalists
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我給大家看看所有的媒體 - NBC 電視台他們頂尖的記者群
11:13
for NBC asked 956 questions in 2007
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2007 年向總統候選人提了 956 個問題
11:17
of the presidential candidates: two of them were about
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只有兩個是關於氣候危機的問題
11:20
the climate crisis. ABC: 844 questions, two about the climate crisis.
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ABC 電視台：844個問題，只有兩個關於氣候危機
11:27
Fox: two. CNN: two. CBS: zero.
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Fox 電視台：兩個，CNN 新聞網：兩個，CBS 電視台：沒有
11:37
From laughs to tears -- this is one of the older
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樂極生悲，這是一個很老的
11:41
tobacco commercials.
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香煙廣告。
11:43
So here's what we're doing.
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這是我們正在做的事情。
11:45
This is gasoline consumption in all of these countries. And us.
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這是這些國家的石油消耗量，這是我們美國的消耗量。
11:55
But it's not just the developed nations.
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不是只有已開發國家這樣而已。
12:01
The developing countries are now following us
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開發中國家現在也步上了我們的後塵
12:05
and accelerating their pace. And actually,
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而且腳步更快。事實上，
12:07
their cumulative emissions this year are the equivalent
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他們今年的累積排放量已經等於
12:10
to where we were in 1965. And they're catching up
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我們在 1965 年的水準了。
12:13
very dramatically. The total concentrations:
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他們還在拼命急起直追
12:17
by 2025, they will be essentially where we were in 1985.
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到 2025 年的總排放量，大概會到達我們在 1985 年的水準。
12:23
If the wealthy countries were completely missing
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就算有錢國家全都消失了
12:28
from the picture, we would still have this crisis.
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從這圖上來看，我們還是得面臨危機。
12:31
But we have given to the developing countries
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因為我們給了開發中國家
12:35
the technologies and the ways of thinking
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跟我們一樣的科技、一樣的思惟模式
12:37
that are creating the crisis. This is in Bolivia --
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因而產生一樣的危機，這是玻利維亞
12:43
over thirty years.
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過去三十年的情形
13:05
This is peak fishing in a few seconds. The '60s.
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接下來幾秒鐘是捕魚高峰期的圖，60年代
13:09
'70s. '80s. '90s. We have to stop this. And the good news is that we can.
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70年代、80年代、90年代，我們必須停止這種情形，好消息是我們做得到
13:18
We have the technologies.
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我們有這方面的技術。
13:22
We have to have a unified view of how to go about this:
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至於要怎麼做，我們必須要有一致的看法
13:27
the struggle against poverty in the world
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全世界都在對抗貧窮
13:31
and the challenge of cutting wealthy country emissions,
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同時還有降低富有國家碳排放量的挑戰，
13:35
all has a single, very simple solution.
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這些問題有個唯一的、簡單的解決之道。
13:39
People say, "What's the solution?" Here it is.
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有人問：「什麼解決之道？」，就是這個。
13:43
Put a price on carbon. We need a CO2 tax, revenue neutral,
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給碳訂個價錢，我們需要徵收二氧化碳的稅，但不增加整體稅賦，
13:49
to replace taxation on employment, which was invented by Bismarck --
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來取代以聘雇課稅的方式，這是俾斯麥發明的
13:57
and some things have changed
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自從十九世紀開始
13:58
since the 19th century.
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有些事情就已經變了。
13:59
In the poor world, we have to integrate the responses
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對貧窮國家來說，貧窮問題
14:06
to poverty with the solutions to the climate crisis.
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要跟氣候危機一起解決。
14:10
Plans to fight poverty in Uganda
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烏干達對抗貧窮的計畫會被不斷討論
14:13
are mooted, if we do not solve the climate crisis.
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如果我們不一併解決氣候危機的問題。
14:17
But responses can actually make a huge difference
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但是貧窮國家對抗貧窮的方式
14:25
in the poor countries. This is a proposal
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可能會有極大的差異。
14:30
that has been talked about a lot in Europe.
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在歐洲，這個提案已經被廣泛地討論過了。
14:34
This was from Nature magazine. These are concentrating
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這是 Nature 雜誌寫的，這些是密集的
14:38
solar, renewable energy plants, linked in a so-called "supergrid"
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太陽能再生能源電廠，串連成一個超級輸電網
14:45
to supply all of the electrical power
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提供全歐洲所有的電力
14:48
to Europe, largely from developing countries -- high-voltage DC currents.
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這些多半來自開發中國家，高壓直流電。
14:56
This is not pie in the sky; this can be done.
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這不是空話，這是可行的。
14:59
We need to do it for our own economy.
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為了我們的經濟，我們得這麼做
15:02
The latest figures show that the old model
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最新的數據顯示，過去的舊模式是行不通的
15:05
is not working. There are a lot of great investments
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不過還是有很多你可以投資的東西
15:09
that you can make. If you are investing in tar sands
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如果你投資了瀝青砂，或頁岩油
15:13
or shale oil, then you have a portfolio
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那你的投資組合裡面
15:19
that is crammed with sub-prime carbon assets.
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就有很多次級碳資產。
15:23
And it is based on an old model.
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這是根據舊有的模式
15:27
Junkies find veins in their toes when the ones
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當吸毒的人手臂跟腳的靜脈血管都萎縮了
15:30
in their arms and their legs collapse. Developing tar sands
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他們就會發現自己腳趾頭的靜脈了。
15:35
and coal shale is the equivalent. Here are just a few of the investments
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開發瀝青砂和煤炭頁岩結果都一樣
15:41
that I personally think make sense.
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這是一些我個人認為值得的投資。
15:44
I have a stake in these, so I'll have a disclaimer there.
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我自己也投資了一些，所以對此我會發表免責聲明
15:47
But geothermal, concentrating solar,
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但是地熱，密集太陽能
15:50
advanced photovoltaics, efficiency and conservation.
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高階太陽能發電，兼顧效能與節能。
15:57
You've seen this slide before, but there's a change.
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你以前有看過這張投影片，但現在有點不一樣了。
16:00
The only two countries that didn't ratify
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那兩個不簽署的國家
16:04
-- and now there's only one. Australia had an election.
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現在只剩下一個了，澳洲經過了一場選舉。
16:09
And there was a campaign in Australia
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當時在澳洲有一系列宣傳活動
16:12
that involved television and Internet and radio commercials
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包括電視、網路、廣播廣告等
16:17
to lift the sense of urgency for the people there.
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為了加深人們的急迫感。
16:19
And we trained 250 people to give the slide show
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我們訓練了250人來講這些投影片
16:23
in every town and village and city in Australia.
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給澳洲每個小鎮、村子，還有城裡的人聽。
16:28
Lot of other things contributed to it,
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很多其他的資源也都做了貢獻
16:30
but the new Prime Minister announced that
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最後澳洲的新總理宣佈
16:33
his very first priority would be to change Australia's position
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他上任後的第一件事就是要改變澳洲對京都議定書的立場
16:37
on Kyoto, and he has. Now, they came to an awareness
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他的承諾他真的做到了。
16:42
partly because of the horrible drought that they have had.
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現在他們總算意識到問題了，有部份原因是因為澳洲的乾旱。
16:46
This is Lake Lanier. My friend Heidi Cullen
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這是拉尼爾湖，我朋友 Heidi Cullins 說
16:50
said that if we gave droughts names the way we give hurricanes names,
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如果我們像幫颶風命名一樣，也幫乾旱取名字
16:54
we'd call the one in the southeast now Katrina,
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我們會叫東南部的那個乾旱「卡崔納」
16:57
and we would say it's headed toward Atlanta.
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然後我們會說它正朝亞特蘭大前進。
16:59
We can't wait for the kind of drought
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我們不能等到像澳洲那麼嚴重的乾旱發生了
17:03
Australia had to change our political culture.
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才來改變我們的政治文化。
17:05
Here's more good news. The cities supporting Kyoto in the U.S.
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這裡有更多好消息，這是全美支持京都議定書的城市
17:14
are up to 780 -- and I thought I saw one go by there,
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有多達780個城市，我好像有看到一個熟悉的名字
17:17
just to localize this -- which is good news.
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就是它，這的確是個好消息。
17:23
Now, to close, we heard a couple of days ago
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最後來做個結論，幾天前我們聽到有人說
17:29
about the value of making individual heroism so commonplace
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個人英雄主義已經普通到沒什麼價值了
17:38
that it becomes banal or routine.
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以致於英雄變得相當平庸或公式化。
17:41
What we need is another hero generation. Those of us who are alive
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我們需要的是另一個英雄世代，就是我們這些活在當下的人
17:50
in the United States of America
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尤其是今天的美國人
17:52
today especially, but also the rest of the world,
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還有全世界其他人，
17:55
have to somehow understand that history
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我們必須明白一件事
18:00
has presented us with a choice -- just as Jill [Bolte] Taylor was figuring out
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那就是歷史正給我們一個機會 - 就像是 吉兒．泰勒 (Jill Bolte Taylor) 正在想方設法
18:10
how to save her life while she was distracted
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拯救她自己的性命
18:15
by the amazing experience that she was going through.
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同時卻被自己奇妙的經歷所擾亂。
18:19
We now have a culture of distraction.
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我們有個紛亂的文化。
18:22
But we have a planetary emergency.
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但是我們正面臨著全球危機
18:27
And we have to find a way to create,
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我們需要找到一個方法
18:31
in the generation of those alive today, a sense of generational mission.
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在我們這一個世代，來創造出一種世代使命感
18:37
I wish I could find the words to convey this.
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真希望我能找到適當的話語來傳達給你們知道。
18:43
This was another hero generation
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這是另外一個英雄世代
18:45
that brought democracy to the planet.
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他們替人類建立了民主制度。
18:48
Another that ended slavery. And that gave women the right to vote.
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另一個英雄世代，他們解放了黑奴，並且賦予婦女投票權
18:55
We can do this. Don't tell me that we don't have the capacity to do it.
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我們也做得到，不要跟我說我們沒有這樣的能力。
19:02
If we had just one week's worth of what we spend on the Iraq War,
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如果我們能有相當於伊拉克戰爭一個星期的軍費，
19:06
we could be well on the way to solving this challenge.
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我們要解決這個挑戰，就一定不成問題。
19:09
We have the capacity to do it.
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我們絕對有能力做得到。
19:19
One final point: I'm optimistic, because I believe
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最後一點，我真的很樂觀，因為我相信我們有能力
19:32
we have the capacity, at moments of great challenge,
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來面對這些極大的挑戰，
19:36
to set aside the causes of distraction and rise to the challenge
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把擾亂我們的原因放在一旁，挺身面對這個挑戰
19:42
that history is presenting to us.
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這是歷史給我們的挑戰。
19:47
Sometimes I hear people respond to the disturbing facts of the climate crisis
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有時候我會聽到別人是這樣回應氣候危機這個煩惱的
19:59
by saying, "Oh, this is so terrible.
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他們說：「真是可怕，我們背的包袱真重」
20:01
What a burden we have." I would like to ask you
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我想請你千萬別這樣說
20:07
to reframe that. How many generations
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因為人類歷史上有多少世代
20:11
in all of human history have had the opportunity
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能有這樣千載難逢的機會
20:16
to rise to a challenge that is worthy of our best efforts?
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來面對這樣的挑戰，這值得我們付出一切努力
20:25
A challenge that can pull from us
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這個挑戰可以激發出我們意想不到的能力
20:31
more than we knew we could do? I think we ought to approach
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我覺得我們應該以相當喜悅的心情
20:39
this challenge with a sense of profound joy
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來迎接這個挑戰，
20:43
and gratitude that we are the generation
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而且要很感恩是我們這個世代
20:48
about which, a thousand years from now,
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再過一千年後
20:52
philharmonic orchestras and poets and singers will celebrate
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愛樂交響樂團，詩人、歌手會歌頌我們這個世代
21:01
by saying, they were the ones that found it within themselves
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歷史會記載說：就是他們發覺自己的能力
21:08
to solve this crisis and lay the basis
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解決了這個重大危機，
21:13
for a bright and optimistic human future.
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為人類光明、樂觀的未來奠定基礎。
21:15
Let's do that. Thank you very much.
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我們一起努力吧！非常謝謝！
21:42
Chris Anderson: For so many people at TED, there is deep pain
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主持人：對很多TED的朋友來說，真的相當沈痛
21:48
that basically a design issue
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到頭來，這根本是個設計上的問題
21:50
on a voting form --
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一個投票制度的設計問題
21:52
one bad design issue meant that your voice wasn't being heard
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一個不好的設計，結果讓你的聲音無法被聽見
21:56
like that in the last eight years in a position
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像過去八年那樣有個職位
21:57
where you could make these things come true.
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能讓你實現今天所說的這些事情。
21:59
That hurts.
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真的令人心痛
22:01
Al Gore: You have no idea. (Laughter)
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高爾：那種痛你無法體會的（哄堂大笑）
22:11
CA: When you look at what the leading candidates
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主持人：你看你自己黨提名的候選人
22:12
in your own party are doing now -- I mean, there's --
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他們現在在做的事情，我是說
22:14
are you excited by their plans on global warming?
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他們關於全球暖化的計畫，有讓你感到期待嗎？
22:28
AG: The answer to the question is hard for me
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高爾：你這個問題，我有點難回答
22:32
because, on the one hand, I think that
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因為，一方面，我覺得
22:36
we should feel really great about the fact
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我們應該感到高興
22:41
that the Republican nominee -- certain nominee --
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因為共和黨的候選人 - 特定的候選人 - John McCain
22:47
John McCain, and both of the finalists
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還有民主黨的兩個候選人
22:51
for the Democratic nomination -- all three have a very different
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他們三人對氣候危機的主張都很不同
22:56
and forward-leaning position
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也都很有前瞻性
22:58
on the climate crisis. All three have offered leadership,
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他們三人都展現出領導力，
23:03
and all three are very different from the approach taken
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也都打算採取不同於目前政府的做法
23:07
by the current administration. And I think
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我覺得他們三人也都很盡責
23:10
that all three have also been responsible in
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推出很多計畫跟提案。
23:14
putting forward plans and proposals. But the campaign dialogue that --
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但是那些選舉語言
23:25
as illustrated by the questions --
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正如同保守選民聯盟
23:26
that was put together by the
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所整理出來的問題所指出的
23:27
League of Conservation Voters, by the way, the analysis of all the questions --
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而且，他們還分析了所有的問題
23:30
and, by the way, the debates have all been
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此外，這些辯論的贊助廠商
23:34
sponsored by something that goes by the Orwellian label,
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他們的標示牌上面還出現「潔淨煤炭」的字樣
23:36
"Clean Coal." Has anybody noticed that?
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有人注意到這個嗎？
23:40
Every single debate has been sponsored by "Clean Coal."
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每一場辯論都是「潔淨煤炭」所贊助的
23:44
"Now, even lower emissions!"
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「現在，有更低的碳排放！」
23:46
The richness and fullness of the dialogue
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這些民主對話的內容雖然豐富
23:50
in our democracy has not laid the basis
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但並未替我們建立任何基礎
23:53
for the kind of bold initiative that is really needed.
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也沒有給我們帶來真正需要的大膽的計畫。
23:57
So they're saying the right things and they may --
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他們是在說對的話，他們也可能
24:00
whichever of them is elected -- may do the right thing,
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不管誰當選，也會做對的事情，
24:03
but let me tell you: when I came back from Kyoto
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但是讓我告訴你：當我1997年從京都回來的時候
24:07
in 1997, with a feeling of great happiness
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我是充滿了喜悅的
24:14
that we'd gotten that breakthrough there,
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因為我們有重大突破
24:16
and then confronted the United States Senate,
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然後我們去面對美國國會，
24:18
only one out of 100 senators was willing to vote
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100名參議員，只有一個願意投票支持簽署京都議定書
24:22
to confirm, to ratify that treaty. Whatever the candidates say
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不管這些候選人說什麼，他們的意見是什麼
24:29
has to be laid alongside what the people say.
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都必須跟人民的意見一致才對。
24:34
This challenge is part of the fabric
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這項挑戰是我們整個人類文明的結構
24:38
of our whole civilization.
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裡頭的一部份。
24:40
CO2 is the exhaling breath of our civilization, literally.
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CO2簡直就是我們文明的呼吸。
24:44
And now we mechanized that process. Changing that pattern
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現在我們把這個過程僵化了
24:47
requires a scope, a scale, a speed of change
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我們要改變這個模式，而且改變的角度、尺度、速度之大
24:54
that is beyond what we have done in the past.
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要遠遠超出我們過去所做的改變。
24:57
So that's why I began by saying,
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這就是為什麼我一開始先談樂觀
24:59
be optimistic in what you do, but be an active citizen.
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對我們所做的事情要樂觀，要成為活躍的公民
25:06
Demand -- change the light bulbs,
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敢於要求 - 換燈泡，
25:08
but change the laws. Change the global treaties.
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更要換法律，修改全球的條約。
25:11
We have to speak up. We have to solve this democracy -- this --
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我們要大聲疾呼，我們要解決這個民主制度的危機
25:18
We have sclerosis in our democracy. And we have to change that.
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我們的民主像血管一樣硬化了，我們必須改變它。
25:25
Use the Internet. Go on the Internet.
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使用網路，上網。
25:26
Connect with people. Become very active as citizens.
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與其他人串連，成為活躍的公民。
25:30
Have a moratorium -- we shouldn't
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要求政府暫停 - 我們不要再有
25:32
have any new coal-fired generating plants
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新的燃煤發電廠
25:34
that aren't able to capture and store CO2, which means we have to
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如果發電廠無法收集、儲存CO2的話，這也表示
25:39
quickly build these renewable sources.
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我們必須盡快建立再生能源。
25:41
Now, nobody is talking on that scale. But I do believe
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現在沒有人在討論這些，但是我堅信
25:45
that between now and November, it is possible.
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從現在到11月，這是有可能的
25:49
This Alliance for Climate Protection
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氣候保護聯盟
25:51
is going to launch a nationwide campaign --
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會發起全國性的宣傳活動，
25:54
grassroots mobilization, television ads, Internet ads,
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動員基層的人、電視廣告、網路廣告
25:57
radio, newspaper -- with partnerships with everybody
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廣播、報紙，與所有人一起結盟
26:00
from the Girl Scouts to the hunters and fishermen.
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不管是女童軍，還是獵人、漁民。
26:03
We need help. We need help.
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我們需要幫忙、我們需要幫忙
26:07
CA: In terms of your own personal role going forward,
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主持人：談談未來你個人的角色，
26:11
Al, is there something more than that
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有沒有什麼比你現在所想的、所要做的
26:13
you would like to be doing?
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還更大的事情呢？
26:14
AG: I have prayed that I would be able to find the answer
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高爾：我祈禱過，我希望我能找到答案來解決問題
26:22
to that question. What can I do?
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從此之外，我還能做什麼？
26:27
Buckminster Fuller once wrote, "If the future
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Buckminster Fuller 曾經這樣寫道：
26:31
of all human civilization depended on me, what would I do?
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如果全人類的希望都繫在我身上，我該怎麼辦？
26:36
How would I be?" It does depend on all of us,
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我會如何？現在這問題的確是繫在我們的身上，
26:41
but again, not just with the light bulbs.
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再說一次，這不是換換燈泡就行了。
26:43
We, most of us here, are Americans. We have a democracy.
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我們，大部分在座的，都是美國人，我們有民主制度。
26:51
We can change things, but we have to actively change.
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我們有能力改變事情，但是我們要更積極地改變。
26:57
What's needed really is a higher level of consciousness.
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我們需要的是更高的道德良知。
27:02
And that's hard to --
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而這很難
27:04
that's hard to create -- but it is coming.
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這很難創造得出來 - 但就快要有了
27:08
There's an old African proverb that some of you know
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你們知道有一個古老的非洲諺語：
27:11
that says, "If you want to go quickly, go alone;
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「如果要走得快，一人獨行；
27:15
if you want to go far, go together." We have to go far, quickly.
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如果要走得遠，結伴同行」，我們現在需要走得又遠、又快。
27:23
So we have to have a change in consciousness.
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所以我們需要改變我們的道德良知。
27:27
A change in commitment. A new sense of urgency.
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改變我們的承諾，需要有全新的急迫感。
27:31
A new appreciation for the privilege
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需要發自內心來感謝
27:34
that we have of undertaking this challenge.
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感謝我們有接受這份挑戰的榮幸。
27:37
CA: Al Gore, thank you so much for coming to TED.
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主持人：高爾，非常謝謝你來TED演講。
27:41
AG: Thank you. Thank you very much.
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高爾：謝謝你，非常感謝！
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Al Gore - Climate advocateNobel Laureate Al Gore focused the world’s attention on the global climate crisis. Now he’s showing us how we’re moving towards real solutions.
Why you should listen
Former Vice President Al Gore is co-founder and chairman of Generation Investment Management. While he’s is a senior partner at Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers, and a member of Apple, Inc.’s board of directors, Gore spends the majority of his time as chair of The Climate Reality Project, a nonprofit devoted to solving the climate crisis.
He is the author of the bestsellers Earth in the Balance, An Inconvenient Truth, The Assault on Reason, Our Choice: A Plan to Solve the Climate Crisis, and most recently, The Future: Six Drivers of Global Change. He is the subject of the Oscar-winning documentary An Inconvenient Truth and is the co-recipient, with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, of the Nobel Peace Prize for 2007 for “informing the world of the dangers posed by climate change.”
Gore was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1976, 1978, 1980 and 1982 and the U.S. Senate in 1984 and 1990. He was inaugurated as the 45th Vice President of the United States on January 20, 1993, and served eight years.
Al Gore | Speaker | TED.com