ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Geoffrey Canada - Education reformer
Geoffrey Canada has spent decades as head of the Harlem Children’s Zone, which supports kids from birth through college in order to break the cycle of poverty.

Why you should listen

Geoffrey Canada grew up in an impoverished neighborhood in the South Bronx, with a mother who believed deeply in education. So upon getting his degree from Bowdoin College and continuing on to a masters in education from Harvard, Canada dedicated himself to working with kids in poor neighborhoods. In 1983, he accepted a position at the Rheedlen Institute in Harlem as education director. Seven years later, he became president and renamed it the Harlem Children's Zone. 

While the Harlem Children’s Zone started out focusing on a single block -- West 119th Street -- it has since expanded exponentially. It now encompasses more than 100 square blocks and serves an estimated 10,000 children, providing pre-kindergarten care, after-school programs, health care, college planning and classes for soon-to-be-parents.

Meanwhile, Canada has become known nationally for his work, appearing on shows as diverse as Oprah and This American Life. The recipient of the first Heinz Award in 1994, Canada was named one of "America's Best Leaders" by U.S. News and World Report in 2005 and, in 2011, he was listed as one of TIME magazine’s 100 most influential people in the world. Both Canada and Harlem Children’s Zone figured prominently in the 2010 documentary Waiting for Superman. And President Barack Obama’s Promise Neighborhoods program was modeled after HCZ, offering grants to programs in 21 cities across the country to try and emulate its success.

An avid fan and teacher of Tae Kwon Do, Canada has authored two books: Fist Stick Knife Gun: A Personal History of Violence in America and Reaching Up for Manhood: Transforming the Lives of Boys in America.

More profile about the speaker
Geoffrey Canada | Speaker | TED.com
TED Talks Education

Geoffrey Canada: Our failing schools. Enough is enough!

傑佛瑞·卡納達:我們失敗的學校。受夠了!

Filmed:
2,235,756 views

為什麼?為什麼?為什麼我們(美國)的教育系統與50年前看起來一模一樣?過去有數百萬的學生失敗了 ,現在亦如是?那是因為我們堅持著沒有用的教育模式。教育宣導者傑佛瑞·卡納達挑戰教育體系膽敢去看資料,考慮顧客(學生)的需要,並讓此系統改變方針以幫助更多孩童勝出。
- Education reformer
Geoffrey Canada has spent decades as head of the Harlem Children’s Zone, which supports kids from birth through college in order to break the cycle of poverty. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
I'm a little nervous緊張, because my wife妻子 Yvonne伊馮娜 said to me,
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我有點緊張,因為我太太怡芳對我說
00:16
she said, "Geoff傑夫, you watch the TEDTED Talks會談."
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她說,
「傑夫,你有看過TED演講吧。」
00:18
I said, "Yes, honey蜜糖, I love TEDTED Talks會談."
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我說,
「有啊,寶貝,我很愛TED演講。」
00:20
She said, "You know, they're like, really smart聰明, talented天才 -- "
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她說,「你知道嗎,他們就像,
真的很聰明,很有才——。」
00:23
I said, "I know, I know." (Laughter笑聲)
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我說,「我知道,我知道。」(笑聲)
00:25
She said, "They don't want, like, the angry憤怒 black黑色 man."
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她說,「他們不想看
像是,氣呼呼的黑人。」
00:30
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
00:32
So I said, "No, I'm gonna be good, Honey蜜糖,
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所以我說,「不會,
我會好好表現,寶貝。
00:33
I'm gonna be good. I am."
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我會好好表現。我一定會。」
00:36
But I am angry憤怒. (Laughter笑聲)
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但我的確很生氣(笑聲)
00:39
And the last time I looked看著, I'm --
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上台前最後一次看看自己
我還是看起來很生氣
00:43
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
00:45
So this is why I'm excited興奮 but I'm angry憤怒.
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我很興奮但生氣的原因是
00:51
This year, there are going to be millions百萬 of our children孩子
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今年我們會毫不必要地失去
00:56
that we're going to needlessly不必要 lose失去,
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數百萬的孩子
00:59
that we could -- right now, we could save保存 them all.
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我們本來可以,就是現在
我們本來可以拯救他們
01:03
You saw the quality質量 of the educators教育工作者 who were here.
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你們剛剛都看到了
在這裡的教育家的品質
01:07
Do not tell me they could not reach達到 those kids孩子
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不要告訴我他們不能伸手
01:11
and save保存 them. I know they could.
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拯救他們。我知道他們能
01:13
It is absolutely絕對 possible可能.
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絕對可能
01:16
Why haven't沒有 we fixed固定 this?
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那為什麼我們還沒解決這個問題?
01:18
Those of us in education教育 have held保持 on to a business商業 plan計劃
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我們這些教育界的人
只堅持教育企劃案
01:23
that we don't care關心 how many許多 millions百萬 of young年輕 people fail失敗,
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卻不在乎有多少
百萬的年輕人會失敗
01:27
we're going to continue繼續 to do the same相同 thing that didn't work,
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我們就是要繼續
做這件沒有成效的事
01:30
and nobody沒有人 is getting得到 crazy about it -- right? --
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也沒人真的會在乎,對吧?──
01:35
enough足夠 to say, "Enough足夠 is enough足夠."
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足以讓我們說,「受夠了!」
01:37
So here's這裡的 a business商業 plan計劃 that simply只是 does not make any sense.
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所以這就是
沒有任何意義的教育企劃案
01:41
You know, I grew成長 up in the inner city,
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你知道,我生長在貧民區
01:45
and there were kids孩子 who were failing失敗
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56 年前當我第一次上學時
01:49
in schools學校 56 years年份 ago when I first went to school學校,
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那時學校已經有失敗的孩子
01:56
and those schools學校 are still lousy糟糕 today今天, 56 years年份 later後來.
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56 年之後,今天這些學校依然很爛
02:03
And you know something about a lousy糟糕 school學校?
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你知道爛學校是什麼樣嗎?
02:05
It's not like a bottle瓶子 of wine紅酒.
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它絕不像一瓶葡萄酒
02:07
Right? (Laughter笑聲)
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對吧?(笑聲)
02:09
Where you say, like, '87 was like a good year, right?
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對酒你會說像是
87年份是好酒,是吧?
02:12
That's now how this thing -- I mean, every一切 single year,
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而現在這件事怎樣——
我是說每年都一樣
02:16
it's still the same相同 approach途徑, right?
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仍然是同樣的方式,對吧?
02:18
One size尺寸 fits適合 all, if you get it, fine, and if you don't,
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標準尺碼,如果你穿的下,那很好
但如果你穿不下
02:23
tough強硬 luck運氣. Just tough強硬 luck運氣.
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算你倒霉。只能算你倒霉。
02:26
Why haven't沒有 we allowed允許 innovation革新 to happen發生?
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為什麼我們不能創新?
02:29
Do not tell me we can't do better than this.
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不要對我說我們不能比現在更好
02:32
Look, you go into a place地點 that's failed失敗 kids孩子 for 50 years年份,
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聽著,你到一所
過去 50 年都失敗的學校
02:37
and you say, "So what's the plan計劃?"
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你說,「那,你有什麼計劃?」
02:40
And they say, "We'll, we're going to do
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他們說,「我們會,我們要
02:42
what we did last year this year."
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跟去年一樣。」
02:45
What kind of business商業 model模型 is that?
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這是什麼經營模式?
02:47
Banks銀行 used to open打開 and operate操作 between之間 10 and 3.
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以前銀行都只從
上午十點開到下午三點
02:53
They operated操作 10 to 3. They were closed關閉 for lunch午餐 hour小時.
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他們十點到三點營業
他們還有午間休息
02:59
Now, who can bank銀行 between之間 10 and 3? The unemployed失業的.
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到底誰會在十點到三點間去銀行?
無業遊民!
03:04
They don't need banks銀行. They got no money in the banks銀行.
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他們不需要去銀行
他們根本沒錢存銀行
03:07
Who created創建 that business商業 model模型? Right?
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是誰創造了這樣的營運模式?對吧?
03:10
And it went on for decades幾十年.
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而這居然持續了數十年
03:12
You know why? Because they didn't care關心.
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你知道為什麼嗎?因為他們不在乎
03:14
It wasn't about the customers顧客.
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這與客戶無關
03:16
It was about bankers銀行家. They created創建 something that worked工作 for them.
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這跟銀行家有關
他們創造對自己有用的模式
03:22
How could you go to the bank銀行
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你在上班的時候
03:24
when you were at work? It didn't matter.
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要怎麼去銀行?誰管你
03:26
And they don't care關心 whether是否 or not Geoff傑夫 is upset煩亂
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他們才不管傑夫會不會生氣
03:29
he can't go to the bank銀行. Go find another另一個 bank銀行.
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反正他也不會去銀行
讓他去找別間銀行吧
03:32
They all operate操作 the same相同 way. Right?
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每間銀行都是同樣的模式。對吧?
03:35
Now, one day, some crazy banker銀行家 had an idea理念.
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直到有一天
有個瘋狂銀行家有個想法
03:39
Maybe we should keep the bank銀行 open打開 when people come home from work.
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或許我們應該讓銀行
開到大家下班以後
03:43
They might威力 like that. What about a Saturday星期六?
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客戶應該會喜歡這點吧?
那星期六呢?
03:46
What about introducing引入 technology技術?
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要不要引進科技?
03:49
Now look, I'm a technology技術 fan風扇, but I have to admit承認
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你看喔,我是個科技迷,但我得承認
03:51
to you all I'm a little old.
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我已經有點年紀了
03:53
So I was a little slow, and I did not trust相信 technology技術,
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所以我反應有點慢
而且我也不太信任科技
03:56
and when they first came來了 out with those new contraptions玩意兒,
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他們第一次引進這些新玩意的時候
04:00
these tellers出納員 that you put in a card and they give you money,
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這些自動櫃員機
讓你插一張卡就可以領錢
04:04
I was like, "There's no way that machine is going to count計數 that money right.
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我心想,
「這些機器絕不可能算對錢。
04:08
I am never using運用 that, right?"
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我才不要用。對吧?」
04:10
So technology技術 has changed. Things have changed.
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所以科技進步了,情況不同了
04:16
Yet然而 not in education教育. Why?
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但教育卻依然一樣。為什麼?
04:19
Why is it that when we had rotary旋轉 phones手機,
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為什麼我們還在以老式電話時代
04:24
when we were having folks鄉親 being存在 crippled by polio脊髓灰質炎,
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還有人感染小兒麻痺變成瘸子的時代
04:28
that we were teaching教學
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那些老方法
04:31
the same相同 way then that we're doing right now?
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來教導我們的孩子呢?
04:33
And if you come up with a plan計劃 to change更改 things,
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而且如果你提出一個計劃要改變事情
04:38
people consider考慮 you radical激進.
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大家就覺得你很極端
04:40
They will say the worst最差 things about you.
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他們會以最壞的話來攻擊你
04:42
I said one day, well, look, if the science科學 says --
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我說有一天,嗯,聽好,
如果科學說——
04:46
this is science科學, not me -- that our poorest最窮 children孩子
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這是科學的證據,不是我隨口說說——
就是我們最貧窮的孩子
04:50
lose失去 ground地面 in the summertime夏令 --
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會在暑假時嚴重落後——
04:53
You see where they are in June六月 and say, okay, they're there.
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你知道你在六月看到他們來學校
你說很好,他們都還來上學
04:55
You look at them in September九月, they've他們已經 gone走了 down.
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到了九月你再去看他們,他們都不見了
04:58
You say, whoo! So I heard聽說 about that in '75
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你大叫,哇!
所以我在75年聽到這現象
05:02
when I was at the Ed埃德 School學校 at Harvard哈佛.
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當時我在哈佛的教育學院
05:04
I said, "Oh, wow, this is an important重要 study研究."
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我說,「喔,哇,這是很重要的研究。」
05:07
Because it suggests提示 we should do something.
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因為這顯示我們該為之做點什麼
05:11
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
05:14
Every一切 10 years年份 they reproduce複製 the same相同 study研究.
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每隔十年他們就會提出同樣的研究報告
05:17
It says exactly究竟 the same相同 thing:
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總是說著同樣的事情
05:19
Poor較差的 kids孩子 lose失去 ground地面 in the summertime夏令.
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窮小孩到了夏天就落後了
05:21
The system系統 decides決定 you can't run schools學校 in the summer夏季.
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教育體制決定你不能在夏天開學
05:26
You know, I always wonder奇蹟, who makes品牌 up those rules規則?
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你知道嗎
我總是搞不懂是誰決定這個的
05:29
For years年份 I went to -- Look, I went the Harvard哈佛 Ed埃德 School學校.
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憑我多年在——
聽好,我上過哈佛教育學院
05:32
I thought I knew知道 something.
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我還以為我懂些什麼
05:33
They said it was the agrarian農業 calendar日曆, and people had —
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他們說這是因為農民曆的關係
且大家會——
05:36
but let me tell you why that doesn't make sense.
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但讓我告訴你為什麼這沒道理
05:38
I never got that. I never got that,
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我老是搞不懂,我永遠也搞不懂
05:41
because anyone任何人 knows知道 if you farm農場,
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因為如果你作農,每個人都知道
05:43
you don't plant crops作物 in July七月 and August八月.
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你不會在七月八月的時候種作物
05:46
You plant them in the spring彈簧.
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你在春天的時候種植
05:49
So who came來了 up with this idea理念? Who owns擁有 it?
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所以是誰想出這個點子?是誰?
05:53
Why did we ever do it?
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為什麼我們會這麼做?
05:54
Well it just turns out in the 1840s we did have,
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原來在1840年代,我們的確是
05:57
schools學校 were open打開 all year. They were open打開 all year,
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讓學校開一整年,一整年都要上課的
06:00
because we had a lot of folks鄉親 who had to work all day.
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因為那時候有很多人一整天都要工作
06:03
They didn't have any place地點 for their kids孩子 to go.
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他們沒地方讓孩子去
06:04
It was a perfect完善 place地點 to have schools學校.
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所以學校變成完美的解決方法
06:06
So this is not something that is ordained受戒
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所以這不是教育之神
06:09
from the education教育 gods.
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一開始就規定的事
06:12
So why don't we? Why don't we?
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所以為什麼不能開一整年?
為什麼不可以?
06:14
Because our business商業 has refused拒絕 to use science科學.
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因為我們這一行不想運用科學
06:20
Science科學. You have Bill法案 Gates蓋茨 coming未來 out and saying,
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科學。你聽到比爾蓋茲剛剛上台說了
06:23
"Look, this works作品, right? We can do this."
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「聽好,這會成功,對吧!我們可以做。」
06:26
How many許多 places地方 in America美國 are going to change更改? None沒有.
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美國有多少地方會因此而改變?沒有地方。
06:31
None沒有. Okay, yeah, there are two. All right?
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沒有地方。好啦,是啦!
有兩個地方會。好吧?
06:34
Yes, there'll有會 be some place地點, because some folks鄉親 will do the right thing.
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是的,會有一些地方會改變
因為那裡的人會做正確的事
06:39
As a profession職業, we have to stop this. The science科學 is clear明確.
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我們身為專業人應該停止這件事
科學研究很清楚
06:43
Here's這裡的 what we know.
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以下是我們知道的
06:46
We know that the problem問題 begins開始 immediately立即.
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我們知道這問題從出生就開始
06:52
Right? This idea理念, zero to three.
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是吧?這個想法,零到三歲的教育
06:55
My wife妻子, Yvonne伊馮娜, and I, we have four kids孩子,
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我太太怡芳和我,我們有四個孩子
06:58
three grown長大的 ones那些 and a 15-year-old-歲.
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三個已成人,一個十五歲
07:01
That's a longer story故事.
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這個故事要講更久
07:03
(Laughter笑聲)
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(笑聲)
07:05
With our first kids孩子, we did not know the science科學
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我們生第一胎時不知道科學
07:08
about brain development發展.
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對腦部發展的研究
07:10
We didn't know how critical危急 those first three years年份 were.
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我們不知道前三年是重要關鍵
07:12
We didn't know what was happening事件 in those young年輕 brains大腦.
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我們不知道那些小腦袋裡發生什麼事
07:15
We didn't know the role角色 that language語言,
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我們不知道語言的角色
07:17
a stimulus刺激物 and response響應, call and response響應,
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刺激及反應,呼喊及迴響
07:20
how important重要 that was in developing發展 those children孩子.
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這些對小孩子的發展有多重要
07:23
We know that now. What are we doing about it? Nothing.
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我們現在知道了
那我們做了什麼嗎?什麼都沒有
07:27
Wealthy富裕 people know. Educated博學 people know.
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有錢人知道這些,受過教育的人知道
07:32
And their kids孩子 have an advantage優點.
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這些人的孩子因此有了優勢
07:33
Poor較差的 people don't know,
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窮人卻不知道
07:35
and we're not doing anything to help them at all.
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而我們也沒有做任何事幫助他們瞭解
07:38
But we know this is critical危急.
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但我們知道這很關鍵
07:39
Now, you take pre-kindergarten幼兒園前.
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現在你會送小孩去幼稚園
07:43
We know it's important重要 for kids孩子.
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我們知道那對小孩很重要
07:45
Poor較差的 kids孩子 need that experience經驗.
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窮人家的小孩需要那種經驗
07:48
Nope. Lots of places地方, it doesn't exist存在.
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沒有。很多地方都沒有這東西
07:53
We know health健康 services服務 matter.
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我們知道健保很重要
07:56
You know, we provide提供 health健康 services服務
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你知道,我們提供健保
07:57
and people are always fussing大驚小怪 at me about, you know,
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大家總是對我吵來吵去,你知道
08:00
because I'm all into accountability問責 and data數據
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因為我是負責人又有資料
08:04
and all of that good stuff東東, but we do health健康 services服務,
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還有那些好東西,但我們有提供健保
08:07
and I have to raise提高 a lot of money.
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而我得去募很多錢
08:09
People used to say when they'd他們會 come fund基金 us,
150
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以前大家在資助我們時都會這樣說
08:11
"Geoff傑夫, why do you provide提供 these health健康 services服務?"
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「傑夫,你為什麼要提供健保?」
08:13
I used to make stuff東東 up. Right?
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我常常要編一些理由。是吧
08:15
I'd say, "Well, you know a child兒童
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我會說,「呃,你知道一個孩子
08:18
who has cavities is not going to, uh,
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有蛀牙的話就,呃,
08:22
be able能夠 to study研究 as well."
155
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學習效果不好。」
08:24
And I had to because I had to raise提高 the money.
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而我一定要胡扯,因為我得募款
08:28
But now I'm older舊的, and you know what I tell them?
157
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但現在我老了點
你知道我會跟他們說什麼嗎?
08:30
You know why I provide提供 kids孩子 with those health健康 benefits好處
158
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你知道我為什麼要提供健保給孩子?
08:33
and the sports體育 and the recreation娛樂 and the arts藝術?
159
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還有育樂、藝術活動嗎?
08:35
Because I actually其實 like kids孩子.
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因為我真的很喜歡小孩
08:39
I actually其實 like kids孩子. (Laughter笑聲) (Applause掌聲)
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我是真的喜歡小孩(笑聲)(鼓掌)
08:44
But when they really get pushy富有進取心的, people really get pushy富有進取心的,
162
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但當他們一直逼問
一定要逼出一個答案
08:47
I say, "I do it because you do it for your kid孩子."
163
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我就會說,
「我做是因為你也替你的孩子保了。」
08:50
And you've never read a study研究 from MITMIT that says
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你絕不會讀到麻省理工的研究說
08:53
giving your kid孩子 dance舞蹈 instruction指令
165
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讓你的孩子上跳舞課
08:56
is going to help them do algebra代數 better,
166
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可以幫助他們學代數學得更好
08:59
but you will give that kid孩子 dance舞蹈 instruction指令,
167
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但你還是會讓孩子上跳舞課
09:01
and you will be thrilled高興 that that kid孩子 wants to do dance舞蹈 instruction指令,
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你也會很驚訝地發現
孩子想要上跳舞課
09:05
and it will make your day. And why shouldn't不能 poor較差的 kids孩子
169
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那會讓你一整天都很開心
那為什麼窮人家的小孩
09:08
have the same相同 opportunity機會? It's the floor地板 for these children孩子.
170
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不能也有相同的機會?
這是那些孩子們的基礎
09:13
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
09:16
So here's這裡的 the other thing.
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那麼還有另外一件事
09:19
I'm a tester測試儀 guy. I believe you need data數據, you need information信息,
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我是個喜歡測驗的人
我相信你需要數據,你需要資料
09:23
because you work at something, you think it's working加工,
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因為如果你正在做某計畫
而你認為這會成功
09:25
and you find out it's not working加工.
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2737
而你發現其實並不成功
09:28
I mean, you're educators教育工作者. You work, you say,
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我是說,你們是教育家
你教小孩,你說
09:30
you think you've got it, great, no? And you find out they didn't get it.
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你認為你教成功了,好棒!
其實不然?你發現孩子們就是不懂
09:33
But here's這裡的 the problem問題 with testing測試.
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但這是學力評估測驗的問題
09:35
The testing測試 that we do --
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我們作測驗的時間
09:38
we're going to have our test測試 in New York紐約 next下一個 week
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我們下週即將在紐約作學力測驗
09:40
is in April四月.
181
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通常在四月
09:42
You know when we're going to get the results結果 back?
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你知道你什麼時候才會拿到結果?
09:45
Maybe July七月, maybe June六月.
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可能是七月。可能是六月
09:48
And the results結果 have great data數據.
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而且這結果有很棒的資料
09:51
They'll他們會 tell you Raheem拉希姆 really struggled掙扎,
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資料上會告訴你
小明真的有困難學習
09:54
couldn't不能 do two-digit兩位數 multiplication乘法 -- so great data數據,
186
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不會做兩位數乘法——好棒的資料
09:58
but you're getting得到 it back after school學校 is over.
187
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但你拿到這資料的時候
學年已經結束了
10:00
And so, what do you do?
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所以你會怎麼做?
10:03
You go on vacation假期. (Laughter笑聲)
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放假去也!(笑聲)
10:06
You come back from vacation假期.
190
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等你從假期回來
10:07
Now you've got all of this test測試 data數據 from last year.
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現在你拿到的測驗結果
都是上學年的了
10:13
You don't look at it.
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2353
你看都不看一眼
10:15
Why would you look at it?
193
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何必要看?
10:17
You're going to go and teach this year.
194
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你已經去教新學年的班了
10:19
So how much money did we just spend on all of that?
195
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3252
所以我們到底花了多少錢
在這些測驗上?
10:23
Billions數十億 and billions數十億 of dollars美元
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3003
幾十億美金
10:26
for data數據 that it's too late晚了 to use.
197
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在那些來得太晚無用的資料上
10:29
I need that data數據 in September九月.
198
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我九月就需要那項資料
10:31
I need that data數據 in November十一月.
199
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1771
我十一月就需要那項資料
10:32
I need to know you're struggling奮鬥的, and I need to know
200
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2008
我必須知道你在努力掙扎
我必須知道
10:34
whether是否 or not what I did corrected修正 that.
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2385
我到底有沒有幫助到你
10:37
I need to know that this week.
202
625293
1981
我這星期就該知道
10:39
I don't need to know that at the end結束 of the year when it's too late晚了.
203
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3579
我不要在學年末,當一切
都太遲的時後才知道這些事
10:42
Because in my older舊的 years年份, I've become成為 somewhat有些 of a clairvoyant明察秋毫.
204
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5190
因為過去的經驗
我已經變成像個千里眼
10:48
I can predict預測 school學校 scores分數.
205
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3223
我可以預測學校評分
10:51
You take me to any school學校.
206
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2045
你帶我去任何一所學校
10:53
I'm really good at inner city schools學校 that are struggling奮鬥的.
207
641311
3058
我對那些位於貧民區
還在掙扎的學校特別準
10:56
And you tell me last year 48 percent百分 of those kids孩子
208
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3815
你告訴我去年有48%的孩童
11:00
were on grade年級 level水平.
209
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2607
都能及格升級
11:02
And I say, "Okay, what's the plan計劃, what did we do
210
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1894
我會說,「好,那計劃是什麼?
我們從去年到今年
11:04
from last year to this year?"
211
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949
做了些什麼?」
11:05
You say, "We're doing the same相同 thing."
212
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1815
你說,「我們依樣畫葫蘆。」
11:07
I'm going to make a prediction預測. (Laughter笑聲)
213
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我現在就要掐指算算(笑聲)
11:10
This year, somewhere某處 between之間 44
214
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今年,大約有44%
11:13
and 52 percent百分 of those kids孩子 will be on grade年級 level水平.
215
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到52%的學童會及格升級
11:16
And I will be right every一切 single time.
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每次我都準的不得了
11:19
So we're spending開支 all of this money, but we're getting得到 what?
217
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所以我們花了這麼多錢,得到了什麼?
11:24
Teachers教師 need real真實 information信息 right now
218
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2592
教師現在就需要到底他們的學童
11:26
about what's happening事件 to their kids孩子.
219
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表現如何的真實資料
11:28
The high stakes賭注 is today今天, because you can do something about it.
220
676410
5393
今天就該做高風險學力測驗
因為你還來的及做些什麼
11:33
So here's這裡的 the other issue問題 that I just think
221
681803
4834
那麼還有另一個我真的覺得
11:38
we've我們已經 got to be concerned關心 about.
222
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2808
我們必須關注的問題
11:41
We can't stifle窒息 innovation革新 in our business商業.
223
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4280
我們不能在這行裡扼殺創新
11:45
We have to innovate創新. And people in our business商業 get mad about innovation革新.
224
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3893
我們必須創新。而我們這行的人
對創新總是氣的不得了
11:49
They get angry憤怒 if you do something different不同.
225
697618
1987
如果你做些不一樣的事
他們會生氣
11:51
If you try something new, people are always like,
226
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1777
如果你嘗試新東西,大家總是像這樣
11:53
"Ooh, charter憲章 schools學校." Hey, let's try some stuff東東. Let's see.
227
701382
4497
「喔,特許學校。」
嘿!來試試這個吧。來看看會怎樣。
11:57
This stuff東東 hasn't有沒有 worked工作 for 55 years年份.
228
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2361
這個東西過去55年沒有成功過
12:00
Let's try something different不同. And here's這裡的 the rub.
229
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讓我們試試別的。但實情是這樣
12:03
Some of it's not going to work.
230
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2092
有些東西是沒有用
12:05
You know, people tell me, "Yeah, those charter憲章 schools學校, a lot of them don't work."
231
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2738
你知道,大家都跟我說,
「對啦,特許學校,大多都沒用。」
12:08
A lot of them don't. They should be closed關閉.
232
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大多是沒用
應該把這些沒用的關掉
12:11
I mean, I really believe they should be closed關閉.
233
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1906
我是說,我真的相信
應該要關掉那些沒用的學校
12:13
But we can't confuse迷惑 figuring盤算 out the science科學
234
721515
4309
但我們不該把搞科學
12:17
and things not working加工 with we shouldn't不能 therefore因此 do anything.
235
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與因沒用而放棄的事物混為一談
12:22
Right? Because that's not the way the world世界 works作品.
236
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1902
對吧?因為這世界不是這樣運作的
12:24
If you think about technology技術,
237
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1506
如果你想想科技
12:26
imagine想像 if that's how we thought about technology技術.
238
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2514
想像一下如果我們對科技也是這樣想
12:28
Every一切 time something didn't work,
239
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1297
每一次有東西不成功
12:29
we just threw in the towel毛巾 and said, "Let's forget忘記 it." Right?
240
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2546
我們就把它束之高閣且說
「算了!」是這樣嗎?
12:32
You know, they convinced相信 me. I'm sure some of you were like me --
241
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3169
你知道,他們說服了我——
我確信在座有人跟我一樣
12:35
the latest最新 and greatest最大 thing, the PalmPilot掌上電腦.
242
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4525
最新及最偉大的,PDA(掌上電腦)
12:40
They told me, "Geoff傑夫, if you get this PalmPilot掌上電腦
243
748059
2479
他們跟我說,
「傑夫,如果你拿了這個PDA,
12:42
you'll你會 never need another另一個 thing."
244
750538
1953
你就不需要別的東西了。」
12:44
That thing lasted歷時 all of three weeks. It was over.
245
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4441
那玩意只維持了三個星期。玩完了
12:48
I was so disgusted厭惡的 I spent花費 my money on this thing.
246
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3759
我真是討厭死自己
居然花錢買這個東西
12:52
Did anybody任何人 stop inventing發明了? Not a person. Not a soul靈魂.
247
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5917
那是不是因此他們就不再創新?
才沒有。沒有一個靈魂放棄這件事
12:58
The folks鄉親 went out there. They kept不停 inventing發明了.
248
766608
2504
這些傢伙還是繼續下去
他們繼續創新發明
13:01
The fact事實 that you have failure失敗, that shouldn't不能 stop you
249
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事實是就算你失敗了
這也不該讓你停止
13:04
from pushing推動 the science科學 forward前鋒.
250
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把科學推陳出新
13:07
Our job工作 as educators教育工作者,
251
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2172
我們的工作,身為教育者
13:09
there's some stuff東東 we know that we can do.
252
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2465
我們知道有些事我們能做
13:11
And we've我們已經 got to do better. The evaluation評測, we have to start開始 with kids孩子 earlier,
253
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3979
而且我們還能做的更好
學力測驗要早點做在孩子上
13:15
we have to make sure that we provide提供 the support支持 to young年輕 people.
254
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2924
我們必須確保我們提供年輕人支援
13:18
We've我們已經 got to give them all of these opportunities機會.
255
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2408
我們得給他們這些機會
13:21
So that we have to do. But this innovation革新 issue問題,
256
789056
3316
因此那些我們要做。但這個創新問題
13:24
this idea理念 that we've我們已經 got to keep innovating創新
257
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3792
這個想法,就是我們必須持續創新
13:28
until直到 we really nail this science科學 down
258
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2924
直到我們真的抓到了科學方法
13:31
is something that is absolutely絕對 critical危急.
259
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絕對是很重要的東西
13:33
And this is something, by the way,
260
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而順帶一提,這也是
13:35
that I think is going to be a challenge挑戰 for our entire整個 field領域.
261
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我認為對我們整個領域的一項挑戰
13:39
America美國 cannot不能 wait another另一個 50 years年份 to get this right.
262
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美國不能再等50年把這個搞好
13:44
We have run out of time.
263
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我們已經沒有時間了
13:47
I don't know about a fiscal cliff懸崖, but I know there's an educational教育性 cliff懸崖
264
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3088
我不知道財政懸崖
但我知道有個教育懸崖
13:50
that we are walking步行 over right this very second第二,
265
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3453
就在當下這一秒
我們正走在那上面
13:53
and if we allow允許 folks鄉親 to continue繼續 this foolishness愚蠢
266
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而如果我們讓這些人
繼續這樣的蠢事
13:57
about saying we can't afford給予 this —
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說我們負擔不起──
14:00
So Bill法案 Gates蓋茨 says it's going to cost成本 five billion十億 dollars美元.
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所以比爾蓋茲說
這會花掉五十億美金
14:03
What is five billion十億 dollars美元 to the United聯合的 States狀態?
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對美國而言五十億美金算什麼?
14:05
What did we spend in Afghanistan阿富汗 this year?
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今年我們在阿富汗戰爭上
花掉了多少?
14:08
How many許多 trillions萬億? (Applause掌聲)
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幾兆?(掌聲)
14:12
When the country國家 cares管它 about something,
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當這個國家關注某事
14:15
we'll spend a trillion dollars美元 without blinking閃爍 an eye.
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我們眼也不貶就花掉幾兆美金
14:19
When the safety安全 of America美國 is threatened受威脅,
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當美國的安全受到威脅
14:22
we will spend any amount of money.
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再多的錢我們也願意花
14:24
The real真實 safety安全 of our nation國家
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真正能讓我們國家安全的方法
14:27
is preparing準備 this next下一個 generation
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是要把下一代準備好
14:30
so that they can take our place地點
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所以他們能繼續我們的地位
14:32
and be the leaders領導者 of the world世界
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成為全球的領導者
14:36
when it comes to thinking思維 and technology技術 and democracy民主
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領導思維,科技及民主
14:39
and all that stuff東東 we care關心 about.
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及所有我們關注的事物
14:42
I dare say it's a pittance微薄,
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我敢說這花費極微
14:46
what it would require要求 for us to really
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要我們今天就
14:50
begin開始 to solve解決 some of these problems問題.
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開始解決這些問題
14:52
So once一旦 we do that, I'll no longer be angry憤怒. (Laughter笑聲)
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所以一但我們這樣做了
我就不會氣呼呼了(笑聲)
14:58
So, you guys, help me get there.
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所以各位,幫我一把吧!
15:03
Thank you all very much. Thank you.
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謝謝各位。謝謝
15:06
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
15:15
John約翰 Legend傳說: So what is the high school學校 dropout退出 rate at Harlem哈林 Children's兒童 Zone?
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約翰傳奇:所以哈林兒童區的
高中輟學率是多少?
15:19
Geoffrey杰弗裡 Canada加拿大: Well, you know, John約翰,
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傑佛瑞·卡納達:嗯,你知道,約翰
15:21
100 percent百分 of our kids孩子 graduated畢業 high school學校
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去年我學校高中生的畢業率
15:23
last year in my school學校.
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是百分之百
15:24
A hundred percent百分 of them went to college學院.
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百分之百的學生都進了大學
15:26
This year's年份 seniors老年人 will have 100 percent百分 graduating畢業 high school學校.
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今年的高三生也會百分之百畢業
15:29
Last I heard聽說 we had 93 percent百分 accepted公認 to college學院.
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最新消息是我們的學生
有93%被大學錄取
15:32
We'd星期三 better get that other seven percent百分.
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我們最好是把剩下7%也送進去
15:35
So that's just how this goes. (Applause掌聲)
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所以這就是目前的情況(掌聲)
15:42
JLJL: So how do you stick with them after they leave離開 high school學校?
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約:所以他們離開高中後
你要如何繼續盯他們?
15:44
GCGC: Well, you know, one of the bad problems問題
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傑:嗯,你知道,我們這個國家
15:47
we have in this country國家 is these kids孩子, the same相同 kids孩子,
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有個爛攤子,這些孩子
就是這群孩子
15:49
these same相同 vulnerable弱勢 kids孩子, when you get them in school學校,
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這群弱勢孩子,你把他們送進學校
15:51
they drop下降 out in record記錄 numbers數字.
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他們的輟學率總是創歷史新高
15:52
And so we've我們已經 figured想通 out that you've got to really design設計
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所以我們必須想辦法真的設計出
15:56
a network網絡 of support支持 for these kids孩子 that in many許多 ways方法
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一套支援網絡給孩子,在各方面
15:59
mimics模仿 what a good parent does.
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模仿好家長的角色
16:02
They harass騷擾 you, right? They call you, they say,
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他們會煩你,對吧?他們打電話問你
16:05
"I want to see your grades等級. How'd你怎麼 you do on that last test測試?
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「我要看你的成績單。
上次你考得怎樣?
16:07
What are you talking about that you want to leave離開 school學校?
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你在說什麼?要離開學校?
16:10
And you're not coming未來 back here."
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你不想回來了?」
16:11
So a bunch of my kids孩子 know you can't come back to Harlem哈林
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所以我那群孩子知道你回不了哈林
16:14
because Geoff傑夫 is looking for you.
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因為傑夫要找你
16:15
They're like, "I really can't come back." No. You'd better stay in school學校.
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他們會說,「我真的不能回來。」
不行,你最好待在學校
16:18
But I'm not kidding開玩笑 about some of this,
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但我真的不是在說笑
16:21
and it gets得到 a little bit to the grit砂礫 issue問題.
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這跟堅毅力有點關係
16:23
When kids孩子 know that you refuse垃圾 to let them fail失敗,
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當孩子知道你拒絕他們失敗
16:27
it puts看跌期權 a different不同 pressure壓力 on them,
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這給他們施加了不太一樣的壓力
16:29
and they don't give up as easy簡單.
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他們因此不會輕易放棄
16:31
So sometimes有時 they don't have it inside,
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所以有時候他們並不是出自內心
16:33
and they're, like, "You know, I don't want to do this,
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他們會說,像是,
「你知道,我並不想做這個,
16:35
but I know my mother's母親 going to be mad."
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但是我知道我媽會很生氣。」
16:39
Well, that matters事項 to kids孩子, and it helps幫助 get them through通過.
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沒錯,那對孩子很重要
而且幫助孩子渡過難關
16:41
We try to create創建 a set of strategies策略 that gets得到 them tutoring家教
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我們除了試著創造一套策略來輔導
16:45
and help and support支持, but also a set of encouragements鼓勵,
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幫助及支持他們
同時也有一套鼓勵的方法
16:49
that say to them, "You can do it. It is going to be hard,
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對他們說,「你辦得到。是很難,
16:52
but we refuse垃圾 to let you fail失敗."
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但我們不會讓你失敗。」
16:54
JLJL: Well, thank you Dr博士. Canada加拿大.
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約:那麼,謝謝卡納達博士
16:55
Please give it up for him one more time.
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讓我們再給他一次熱烈的掌聲
16:57
(Applause掌聲)
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(掌聲)
Translated by Regina Chu
Reviewed by Erin Chen

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ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Geoffrey Canada - Education reformer
Geoffrey Canada has spent decades as head of the Harlem Children’s Zone, which supports kids from birth through college in order to break the cycle of poverty.

Why you should listen

Geoffrey Canada grew up in an impoverished neighborhood in the South Bronx, with a mother who believed deeply in education. So upon getting his degree from Bowdoin College and continuing on to a masters in education from Harvard, Canada dedicated himself to working with kids in poor neighborhoods. In 1983, he accepted a position at the Rheedlen Institute in Harlem as education director. Seven years later, he became president and renamed it the Harlem Children's Zone. 

While the Harlem Children’s Zone started out focusing on a single block -- West 119th Street -- it has since expanded exponentially. It now encompasses more than 100 square blocks and serves an estimated 10,000 children, providing pre-kindergarten care, after-school programs, health care, college planning and classes for soon-to-be-parents.

Meanwhile, Canada has become known nationally for his work, appearing on shows as diverse as Oprah and This American Life. The recipient of the first Heinz Award in 1994, Canada was named one of "America's Best Leaders" by U.S. News and World Report in 2005 and, in 2011, he was listed as one of TIME magazine’s 100 most influential people in the world. Both Canada and Harlem Children’s Zone figured prominently in the 2010 documentary Waiting for Superman. And President Barack Obama’s Promise Neighborhoods program was modeled after HCZ, offering grants to programs in 21 cities across the country to try and emulate its success.

An avid fan and teacher of Tae Kwon Do, Canada has authored two books: Fist Stick Knife Gun: A Personal History of Violence in America and Reaching Up for Manhood: Transforming the Lives of Boys in America.

More profile about the speaker
Geoffrey Canada | Speaker | TED.com