Sandrine Thuret: You can grow new brain cells. Here's how
Sandrine Thuret: Pár tipů, jak ovlivnit vznik nových neuronů
Sandrine Thuret studies the way adult brains create new nerve cells in the hippocampus -- a brain area involved in memory and mood. Full bio
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ke vzniku nových neuronů?
about that question,
to one of my colleagues, Robert,
bavila se svým kolegou,
they are cured of their cancer
vyléčili z rakoviny,
příznaky deprese.“
that makes sense.
that stops the cancer cells multiplying
bujení rakovinných buněk,
being generated in their brain."
i tvorbu nových neuronů."
like I was crazy and said,
jako na blázna.
"Well actually, we do."
that we call neurogenesis.
he was not taught what we know now --
ještě nebylo známo,
can generate new nerve cells.
i v dospělém mozku.
being the good doctor that he is,
dozvědět trochu víc.
a little bit better.
parts of the brain
in the center of the brain.
for very long,
memory, mood and emotion.
pamětí, náladami a emocemi.
have learned more recently
structures of the adult brain
kde v dospělém mozku
hipokampus dospělé myši,
in an adult mouse brain.
(na obrázku je světle modrý).
from the Karolinska Institutet,
z Institutu Karolinska odhaduje,
700 new neurons per day
700 nových neuronů.
of neurons we have.
we were born with in that structure
s nímž se narodil,
and what are their functions?
for learning and memory.
pro učení a paměť.
of the adult brain
for spatial recognition --
poznávat určitá místa,
your way in the city.
for memory capacity,
to add time to our memory
very similar memories, like:
velmi podobných vzpomínek
every day in the same area,
na tomtéž plácku,
to my colleague Robert
on neurogenesis and depression.
a lower level of neurogenesis.
of these newborn neurons,
the symptoms of depression,
between neurogenesis and depression.
just block neurogenesis,
of the antidepressant.
že pravděpodobným důvodem,
were suffering from depression
z rakoviny depresemi,
newborn neurons from being generated.
zastavily produkci nových neuronů.
to generate new neurons
než se produkce obnovila
we have enough evidence
abychom mohli tvrdit,
is a target of choice
memory formation or mood,
paměť či duševní pohodu,
associated with aging,
zda můžeme neurogenezi regulovat.
of behaviors and activities,
they will increase neurogenesis
že neurogenezi prospívají
of these new neurons.
of new neurons in the hippocampus.
v hipokampu snižuje.
the production of new neurons.
nových neuronů zvyšuje.
abyste pro samý sex...
leading to sleep deprivation.
netrpěli nedostatkem spánku.
will decrease as we get older,
s věkem snižuje,
ať vidíte sami.
Rusty Gage from the Salk Institute,
ze Salkova institutu.
can have an impact
of the hippocampus of a mouse
are actually newborn neurons-to-be.
jsou budoucí nové neurony.
of the hippocampus of a mouse
the new neurons-to-be.
but that's not all.
na neurony vliv. Ale nejen ona.
in the hippocampus.
to have efficacy.
to point a few out to you:
will increase neurogenesis.
omezíte příjem kalorií.
spacing the time between your meals --
in dark chocolate or blueberries,
omega-3 mastné kyseliny
of these new neurons.
jako je losos.
in high saturated fat
má na neurogonezi
on neurogenesis.
will decrease neurogenesis.
tedy pití alkoholu.
contained in red wine,
the survival of these new neurons.
prodlužuje životnost.
"neurogenesis-neutral" drink.
kompromis, až budete na večírku.
let me point out the last one --
with food textures,
soft diet impairs neurogenesis,
neurogenezi podporuje,
mastication -- chewing -- or crunchy food.
která vyžaduje žvýkání.
at the cellular level,
na úrovni buněk,
to human participants,
zkoumali také na lidech.
the diet modulates memory and mood
a duševní rozpoložení,
as it modulates neurogenesis,
will improve memory capacity,
zvyšuje kapacitu paměti,
symptoms of depression --
příznaky deprese.
which increase neurogenesis,
které zvyšují neurogenezi,
the symptoms of depression.
že vliv stravy
of the new neurons in the hippocampus.
nových neuronů v hipokampu.
of the food, when you eat it
a na tom, kdy ho jíte
interested in neurogenesis --
vědců zkoumajících neurogenezi,
the function of these new neurons,
funkci nových neuronů
and their production.
jejich produkci a životnost.
the neurogenesis of Robert's patients.
neurogenezi u Robertových pacientů.
of your neurogenesis.
Fantastic research, Sandrine.
Skvělé poznatky, Sandrine.
že jste mi změnila život.
in the running thing.
about aerobic exercise,
třeba aerobními cviky
dynamickým cvičením?
if it's just the running itself,
přímo běhání.
will increase the production --
že neurogenezi prospívá cokoli,
a running wheel in my office?
kolečko na běhání?
Moc děkujeme.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sandrine Thuret - Neural stem cell researcherSandrine Thuret studies the way adult brains create new nerve cells in the hippocampus -- a brain area involved in memory and mood.
Why you should listen
In her lab at King's College London, Sandrine Thuret studies adult neurogenesis -- the process by which adult brains create new nerve cells. (Until the 1990s, we didn't even know they did this!)
Thuret's work focuses on the hippocampus, the area of the brain that is related to memory, and her work asks two big questions: How can we help our healthy brains create new nerve cells throughout our lives, through diet and behavior changes? And how can we study the effects of diseases such as depression and Alzheimer's on our brains' ability to grow?
Sandrine Thuret | Speaker | TED.com