TED@BCG London
Sandrine Thuret: You can grow new brain cells. Here's how
Sandrin Ture (Sandrine Thuret): Možete proizvoditi nove moždane ćelije. Evo kako
Filmed:
Readability: 4.8
7,962,651 views
Možemo li mi, kao odrasli, da stvaramo nove neurone? Neuronaučnica Sandrin Ture kaže da možemo i nudi istraživanja i praktične savete o tome kako možemo pomoći našem mozgu da vrši neurogenezu, usput poboljšavajući raspoloženje, pojačavajući formiranje memorije i sprečavajući propadanje vezano za starost.
Sandrine Thuret - Neural stem cell researcher
Sandrine Thuret studies the way adult brains create new nerve cells in the hippocampus -- a brain area involved in memory and mood. Full bio
Sandrine Thuret studies the way adult brains create new nerve cells in the hippocampus -- a brain area involved in memory and mood. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
Da li mi, kao odrasle osobe, možemo
da proizvodimo nove nervne ćelije?
da proizvodimo nove nervne ćelije?
00:13
Can we, as adults, grow new nerve cells?
0
1936
4381
Još postoji zabuna u vezi sa tim pitanjem,
00:19
There's still some confusion
about that question,
about that question,
1
7150
3087
00:22
as this is a fairly new field of research.
2
10261
2610
budući da je ovo
prilično nova oblast istraživanja.
prilično nova oblast istraživanja.
Na primer, razgovarala sam
sa jednim svojim kolegom, Robertom,
sa jednim svojim kolegom, Robertom,
00:25
For example, I was talking
to one of my colleagues, Robert,
to one of my colleagues, Robert,
3
13569
3359
00:28
who is an oncologist,
4
16952
1308
koji je onkolog,
00:30
and he was telling me,
5
18284
1301
a on mi je rekao:
00:32
"Sandrine, this is puzzling.
6
20014
1755
„Sandrin, ovo je zbunjujuće.
00:33
Some of my patients that have been told
they are cured of their cancer
they are cured of their cancer
7
21793
4314
Neki od mojih pacijenata
kojima je rečeno da su izlečeni od raka
kojima je rečeno da su izlečeni od raka
00:38
still develop symptoms of depression."
8
26131
2397
i dalje razvijaju simptome depresije“,
a ja sam mu odgovorila:
00:41
And I responded to him,
9
29520
1295
00:42
"Well, from my point of view
that makes sense.
that makes sense.
10
30839
2340
„Pa, sa mog stanovišta, to ima smisla.
00:45
The drug you give to your patients
that stops the cancer cells multiplying
that stops the cancer cells multiplying
11
33203
4538
Lek koji daješ pacijentima koji sprečava
da se ćelije raka umnožavaju,
da se ćelije raka umnožavaju,
00:49
also stops the newborn neurons
being generated in their brain."
being generated in their brain."
12
37765
5103
takođe sprečava da se novi neuroni
stvaraju u njihovom mozgu.“
stvaraju u njihovom mozgu.“
00:55
And then Robert looked at me
like I was crazy and said,
like I was crazy and said,
13
43820
2786
A zatim me je Robert pogledao
kao da sam luda i rekao:
kao da sam luda i rekao:
00:58
"But Sandrine, these are adult patients --
14
46630
2182
„Sandrin, to su odrasli pacijenti.
01:00
adults do not grow new nerve cells."
15
48836
2572
Odrasli ne proizvode nove nervne ćelije.“
01:04
And much to his surprise, I said,
"Well actually, we do."
"Well actually, we do."
16
52543
3666
Na njegovo iznenađenje, rekla sam:
„Pa, zapravo, proizvodimo.“
„Pa, zapravo, proizvodimo.“
01:09
And this is a phenomenon
that we call neurogenesis.
that we call neurogenesis.
17
57098
4826
To je fenomen koji zovemo neurogeneza.
01:13
[Neurogenesis]
18
61948
1190
[Neurogeneza]
01:15
Now Robert is not a neuroscientist,
19
63162
3770
E, sad, Robert nije neuronaučnik,
01:18
and when he went to medical school
he was not taught what we know now --
he was not taught what we know now --
20
66956
4625
a kada je išao u medicinsku školu,
nisu ga učili onome što sada znamo -
nisu ga učili onome što sada znamo -
01:23
that the adult brain
can generate new nerve cells.
can generate new nerve cells.
21
71605
3739
da mozak odraslih može
da proizvede nove nervne ćelije.
da proizvede nove nervne ćelije.
01:29
So Robert, you know,
being the good doctor that he is,
being the good doctor that he is,
22
77217
4370
Tako je Robert, znate,
budući da je dobar doktor,
budući da je dobar doktor,
01:33
wanted to come to my lab
23
81611
1699
želeo da dođe u moju laboratoriju
01:35
to understand the topic
a little bit better.
a little bit better.
24
83334
2824
da bi malo bolje razumeo ovu temu.
01:38
And I took him for a tour
25
86881
2255
Povela sam ga u obilazak
01:41
of one of the most exciting
parts of the brain
parts of the brain
26
89160
2913
jednog od najuzbudljivijih delova mozga
01:44
when it comes to neurogenesis --
27
92097
2173
kada se radi o neurogenezi,
01:46
and this is the hippocampus.
28
94294
2088
a to je hipokampus.
01:49
So this is this gray structure
in the center of the brain.
in the center of the brain.
29
97080
3852
Dakle, to je ta siva struktura
u središtu mozga.
u središtu mozga.
01:53
And what we've known already
for very long,
for very long,
30
101613
2422
Ono što već dugo znamo
01:56
is that this is important for learning,
memory, mood and emotion.
memory, mood and emotion.
31
104059
4765
je da je to važno za učenje, pamćenje,
raspoloženje i emocije.
raspoloženje i emocije.
02:01
However, what we
have learned more recently
have learned more recently
32
109343
3047
Međutim, nedavno smo saznali
02:04
is that this is one of the unique
structures of the adult brain
structures of the adult brain
33
112414
4658
da je ovo jedna od jedinstvenih struktura
mozga odraslih osoba
mozga odraslih osoba
02:09
where new neurons can be generated.
34
117096
2650
u kojoj se mogu stvarati novi neuroni.
02:12
And if we slice through the hippocampus
35
120405
2311
Ako presečemo kroz hipokampus
02:14
and zoom in,
36
122740
1268
i uveličamo,
02:16
what you actually see here in blue
37
124032
2801
ono što vidite ovde,
označeno plavom bojom,
označeno plavom bojom,
02:18
is a newborn neuron
in an adult mouse brain.
in an adult mouse brain.
38
126857
4573
je novonastali neuron
u mozgu odraslog miša.
u mozgu odraslog miša.
Kada se radi o ljudskom mozgu -
02:24
So when it comes to the human brain --
39
132769
3055
02:27
my colleague Jonas Frisén
from the Karolinska Institutet,
from the Karolinska Institutet,
40
135848
3532
moj kolega Jonas Frizen
sa Instituta Karolinska
sa Instituta Karolinska
02:31
has estimated that we produce
700 new neurons per day
700 new neurons per day
41
139404
5740
procenio je da proizvodimo
700 novih neurona dnevno
700 novih neurona dnevno
u hipokampusu.
02:37
in the hippocampus.
42
145168
1198
02:39
You might think this is not much,
43
147183
1675
Možda mislite da to nije mnogo
02:40
compared to the billions
of neurons we have.
of neurons we have.
44
148882
2389
u poređenju sa milijardama
neurona koje imamo.
neurona koje imamo.
Međutim, dok napunimo 50 godina,
02:43
But by the time we turn 50,
45
151644
3071
02:46
we will have all exchanged the neurons
we were born with in that structure
we were born with in that structure
46
154739
4676
biće nam zamenjeni svi neuroni
sa kojima smo rođeni u toj strukturi
sa kojima smo rođeni u toj strukturi
02:51
with adult-born neurons.
47
159439
2215
neuronima proizvedenim u odraslom dobu.
02:55
So why are these new neurons important
and what are their functions?
and what are their functions?
48
163248
5036
Pa, zašto su ti novi neuroni važni
i koje su njihove funkcije?
i koje su njihove funkcije?
03:01
First, we know that they're important
for learning and memory.
for learning and memory.
49
169324
3698
Prvo, znamo da su važni
za učenje i pamćenje.
za učenje i pamćenje.
03:05
And in the lab we have shown
50
173046
1517
U laboratoriji smo pokazali da,
03:06
that if we block the ability
of the adult brain
of the adult brain
51
174587
3236
ako blokiramo sposobnost
mozga odrasle osobe
mozga odrasle osobe
03:09
to produce new neurons in the hippocampus,
52
177847
2560
da proizvodi nove neurone u hipokampusu,
03:12
then we block certain memory abilities.
53
180431
2516
tada blokiramo
izvesne sposobnosti pamćenja.
izvesne sposobnosti pamćenja.
To je naročito novo i istinito
za prostorno prepoznavanje -
za prostorno prepoznavanje -
03:15
And this is especially new and true
for spatial recognition --
for spatial recognition --
54
183721
6912
03:22
so like, how you navigate
your way in the city.
your way in the city.
55
190657
2798
recimo, kako se usmeravate
dok idete po gradu.
dok idete po gradu.
03:26
We are still learning a lot,
56
194181
1478
I dalje mnogo toga saznajemo,
03:27
and neurons are not only important
for memory capacity,
for memory capacity,
57
195683
3063
a neuroni nisu samo važni za kapacitet,
03:30
but also for the quality of the memory.
58
198770
2903
već i za kvalitet pamćenja.
03:33
And they will have been helpful
to add time to our memory
to add time to our memory
59
201697
4045
Biće od koristi da bi se našem sećanju
pridodalo vreme
pridodalo vreme
03:37
and they will help differentiate
very similar memories, like:
very similar memories, like:
60
205766
4682
i pomoći će u razlikovanju
veoma sličnih sećanja, na primer:
veoma sličnih sećanja, na primer:
03:42
how do you find your bike
61
210472
2080
kako da pronađete svoj bicikl
03:44
that you park at the station
every day in the same area,
every day in the same area,
62
212576
3516
koji parkirate na stanici
svakoga dana u istom području,
svakoga dana u istom području,
03:48
but in a slightly different position?
63
216116
2142
ali u malčice drugačijem položaju?
03:52
And more interesting
to my colleague Robert
to my colleague Robert
64
220068
2484
Mom kolegi Robertu je još zanimljivije
03:54
is the research we have been doing
on neurogenesis and depression.
on neurogenesis and depression.
65
222576
4862
istraživanje koje smo sproveli
u vezi sa neurogenezom i depresijom.
u vezi sa neurogenezom i depresijom.
Na modelu depresije kod životinja
04:00
So in an animal model of depression,
66
228010
1938
04:01
we have seen that we have
a lower level of neurogenesis.
a lower level of neurogenesis.
67
229972
4004
videli smo da imamo niži nivo neurogeneze.
Ako im damo antidepresive,
04:06
And if we give antidepressants,
68
234500
2243
04:08
then we increase the production
of these newborn neurons,
of these newborn neurons,
69
236767
3454
tada povećavamo proizvodnju
novih neurona
novih neurona
04:12
and we decrease
the symptoms of depression,
the symptoms of depression,
70
240245
3143
i umanjujemo simptome depresije,
04:15
establishing a clear link
between neurogenesis and depression.
between neurogenesis and depression.
71
243412
5460
uspostavljajući jasnu vezu
između neurogeneze i depresije.
između neurogeneze i depresije.
Štaviše, ako samo blokirate neurogenezu,
04:21
But moreover, if you
just block neurogenesis,
just block neurogenesis,
72
249191
4309
04:25
then you block the efficacy
of the antidepressant.
of the antidepressant.
73
253524
2833
tada blokirate efikasnost antidepresiva.
Robert je dotad shvatio
04:29
So by then, Robert had understood
74
257714
1763
04:31
that very likely his patients
were suffering from depression
were suffering from depression
75
259501
3698
da je verovatno da su njegovi pacijenti
patili od depresije
patili od depresije
04:35
even after being cured of their cancer,
76
263223
2595
čak i nakon što su izlečeni od raka,
04:37
because the cancer drug had stopped
newborn neurons from being generated.
newborn neurons from being generated.
77
265842
4381
jer je lek protiv raka zaustavio
stvaranje novih neurona,
stvaranje novih neurona,
04:42
And it will take time
to generate new neurons
to generate new neurons
78
270247
3628
a potrebno je vreme
da bi se proizveli novi neuroni
da bi se proizveli novi neuroni
04:45
that reach normal functions.
79
273899
2206
koji ostvaruju normalne funkcije.
04:49
So, collectively, now we think
we have enough evidence
we have enough evidence
80
277780
4409
Dakle, sada kolektivno smatramo
da imamo dovoljno dokaza
da imamo dovoljno dokaza
04:54
to say that neurogenesis
is a target of choice
is a target of choice
81
282213
3715
da bismo rekli
da je neurogeneza ciljana meta
da je neurogeneza ciljana meta
04:57
if we want to improve
memory formation or mood,
memory formation or mood,
82
285952
3614
ukoliko želimo da poboljšamo
pamćenje ili raspoloženje,
pamćenje ili raspoloženje,
05:01
or even prevent the decline
associated with aging,
associated with aging,
83
289590
3563
ili čak i da sprečimo propadanje
vezano za starost,
vezano za starost,
05:05
or associated with stress.
84
293177
2134
ili vezano za stres.
05:08
So the next question is:
85
296288
1731
Naredno pitanje je:
05:10
can we control neurogenesis?
86
298043
2174
da li možemo kontrolisati neurogenezu?
05:13
The answer is yes.
87
301066
1191
Odgovor je da.
05:14
And we are now going to do a little quiz.
88
302860
2563
Sada ćemo da sprovedemo mali kviz.
05:18
I'm going to give you a set
of behaviors and activities,
of behaviors and activities,
89
306201
3181
Daću vam skup ponašanja i aktivnosti,
05:21
and you tell me if you think
they will increase neurogenesis
they will increase neurogenesis
90
309406
4684
a vi mi recite da li mislite
da će pojačati neurogenezu
da će pojačati neurogenezu
05:26
or if they will decrease neurogenesis.
91
314114
2166
ili će je umanjiti.
Da li smo spremni?
05:28
Are we ready?
92
316804
1159
Okej, krećemo.
05:30
OK, let's go.
93
318550
1159
05:32
So what about learning?
94
320034
1587
Šta mislite o učenju?
05:34
Increasing?
95
322521
1180
Povećava?
05:35
Yes.
96
323725
1159
Da.
05:36
Learning will increase the production
of these new neurons.
of these new neurons.
97
324908
3786
Učenje će uvećati proizvodnju
novih neurona.
novih neurona.
05:40
How about stress?
98
328718
1316
A stres?
05:43
Yes, stress will decrease the production
of new neurons in the hippocampus.
of new neurons in the hippocampus.
99
331431
4737
Da, stres će umanjiti proizvodnju
novih neurona u hipokampusu.
novih neurona u hipokampusu.
05:48
How about sleep deprivation?
100
336192
1612
Šta je sa nedostatkom sna?
05:51
Indeed, it will decrease neurogenesis.
101
339375
2699
Svakako, umanjiće neurogenezu.
05:54
How about sex?
102
342098
1221
A seks?
05:56
Oh, wow!
103
344414
1152
O, opa!
05:57
(Laughter)
104
345590
1267
(Smeh)
05:58
Yes, you are right, it will increase
the production of new neurons.
the production of new neurons.
105
346881
3753
Da, u pravu ste, povećaće
proizvodnju novih neurona.
proizvodnju novih neurona.
06:02
However, it's all about balance here.
106
350658
2152
Međutim, sve je u ravnoteži.
06:04
We don't want to fall in a situation --
107
352834
2213
Ne bismo da zapadnemo u situaciju -
06:07
(Laughter)
108
355071
1928
(Smeh)
06:09
about too much sex
leading to sleep deprivation.
leading to sleep deprivation.
109
357023
2834
da previše seksa dovede do nedostatka sna.
06:11
(Laughter)
110
359881
2229
(Smeh)
06:14
How about getting older?
111
362753
2191
Šta je sa starenjem?
06:19
So the neurogenesis rate
will decrease as we get older,
will decrease as we get older,
112
367645
3683
Dakle, neurogeneza opada kako starimo,
06:23
but it is still occurring.
113
371352
1746
ali se i dalje odvija.
06:26
And then finally, how about running?
114
374042
2191
Na kraju, šta mislite o trčanju?
Pustiću vas da o tome prosudite sami.
06:29
I will let you judge that one by yourself.
115
377912
2809
06:33
So this is one of the first studies
116
381563
1796
Ovo je jedno od prvih istraživanja
06:35
that was carried out by one of my mentors,
Rusty Gage from the Salk Institute,
Rusty Gage from the Salk Institute,
117
383383
4403
koje je sproveo jedan od mojih mentora,
Rasti Gejdž sa Instituta Solk,
Rasti Gejdž sa Instituta Solk,
06:39
showing that the environment
can have an impact
can have an impact
118
387810
2274
pokazavši da okruženje može imati uticaj
06:42
on the production of new neurons.
119
390108
1889
na proizvodnju novih neurona.
06:44
And here you see a section
of the hippocampus of a mouse
of the hippocampus of a mouse
120
392021
4254
Ovde vidite deo hipokampusa kod miša
06:48
that had no running wheel in its cage.
121
396299
2245
koji nije imao točak za trčanje
u svom kavezu.
u svom kavezu.
06:50
And the little black dots you see
are actually newborn neurons-to-be.
are actually newborn neurons-to-be.
122
398568
4035
Crne tačkice koje vidite
su zapravo budući novi neuroni,
su zapravo budući novi neuroni,
06:55
And now, you see a section
of the hippocampus of a mouse
of the hippocampus of a mouse
123
403246
5138
a sada vidite deo hipokampusa kod miša
07:00
that had a running wheel in its cage.
124
408408
2596
koji je imao točak za trčanje
u svom kavezu.
u svom kavezu.
07:03
So you see the massive increase
125
411028
1523
Vidite ogroman porast
07:04
of the black dots representing
the new neurons-to-be.
the new neurons-to-be.
126
412575
2813
broja crnih tačkica koje predstavljaju
buduće nove neurone.
buduće nove neurone.
07:08
So activity impacts neurogenesis,
but that's not all.
but that's not all.
127
416819
3793
Dakle, aktivnost utiče
na neurogenezu, ali to nije sve.
na neurogenezu, ali to nije sve.
Ono što jedete imaće uticaj
07:13
What you eat will have an effect
128
421639
2647
07:16
on the production of new neurons
in the hippocampus.
in the hippocampus.
129
424310
2914
na proizvodnju novih neurona
u hipokampusu.
u hipokampusu.
07:19
So here we have a sample of diet --
130
427248
2960
Ovde imamo primer režima ishrane,
07:22
of nutrients that have been shown
to have efficacy.
to have efficacy.
131
430232
3277
hranljivih materija za koje je pokazano
da su delotvorne.
da su delotvorne.
07:25
And I'm just going
to point a few out to you:
to point a few out to you:
132
433973
2595
Istaći ću vam samo nekoliko.
07:28
Calorie restriction of 20 to 30 percent
will increase neurogenesis.
will increase neurogenesis.
133
436592
5094
Ograničenje unosa kalorija
od 20 do 30 odsto povećaće neurogenezu.
od 20 do 30 odsto povećaće neurogenezu.
Sporadično uzdržavanje od jela,
pravljenje razmaka između obroka,
pravljenje razmaka između obroka,
07:34
Intermittent fasting --
spacing the time between your meals --
spacing the time between your meals --
134
442128
3482
07:37
will increase neurogenesis.
135
445634
2139
povećaće neurogenezu.
07:39
Intake of flavonoids,
136
447797
1323
Unos flavonoida,
07:41
which are contained
in dark chocolate or blueberries,
in dark chocolate or blueberries,
137
449144
3003
kojih ima u crnoj čokoladi i borovnicama,
07:44
will increase neurogenesis.
138
452171
1823
povećaće neurogenezu.
07:46
Omega-3 fatty acids,
139
454355
1506
Omega-3 masne kiseline,
07:47
present in fatty fish, like salmon,
140
455885
2211
prisutne u masnoj ribi kao što je losos,
07:50
will increase the production
of these new neurons.
of these new neurons.
141
458120
2438
povećaće proizvodnju novih neurona.
07:53
Conversely, a diet rich
in high saturated fat
in high saturated fat
142
461502
4101
Nasuprot tome, režim ishrane
bogat visokozasićenim mastima
bogat visokozasićenim mastima
07:57
will have a negative impact
on neurogenesis.
on neurogenesis.
143
465627
2740
imaće negativan uticaj na neurogenezu.
08:01
Ethanol -- intake of alcohol --
will decrease neurogenesis.
will decrease neurogenesis.
144
469232
4182
Etanol, unos alkohola,
će smanjiti neurogenezu.
će smanjiti neurogenezu.
Ipak, nije sve izgubljeno.
08:05
However, not everything is lost;
145
473981
2722
08:08
resveratrol, which is
contained in red wine,
contained in red wine,
146
476727
3052
Resveratrol, koga ima u crnom vinu,
08:11
has been shown to promote
the survival of these new neurons.
the survival of these new neurons.
147
479803
3491
podstiče opstanak novih neurona,
kako se pokazalo.
kako se pokazalo.
Dakle, sledeći put
kada budete večerali na proslavi,
kada budete večerali na proslavi,
08:15
So next time you are at a dinner party,
148
483708
1866
08:17
you might want to reach for this possibly
"neurogenesis-neutral" drink.
"neurogenesis-neutral" drink.
149
485598
4004
možda ćete hteti
da posegnete za ovim pićem
da posegnete za ovim pićem
koje može biti „neutralno po neurogenezu“.
08:21
(Laughter)
150
489909
2133
(Smeh)
08:24
And then finally,
let me point out the last one --
let me point out the last one --
151
492066
2501
Konačno, dozvolite da ukažem
na poslednju stvar, pomalo čudnu.
na poslednju stvar, pomalo čudnu.
08:26
a quirky one.
152
494591
1158
08:27
So Japanese groups are fascinated
with food textures,
with food textures,
153
495773
3895
Grupe Japanaca su fascinirane
teksturom hrane
teksturom hrane
08:31
and they have shown that actually
soft diet impairs neurogenesis,
soft diet impairs neurogenesis,
154
499692
5303
i pokazali su da mekana ishrana
zapravo narušava neurogenezu,
zapravo narušava neurogenezu,
08:37
as opposed to food that requires
mastication -- chewing -- or crunchy food.
mastication -- chewing -- or crunchy food.
155
505019
4721
za razliku od hrane koja zahteva
mastikaciju, žvakanje, ili hrskave hrane.
mastikaciju, žvakanje, ili hrskave hrane.
08:42
So all of this data,
156
510827
1793
Dakle, svi ovi podaci,
08:44
where we need to look
at the cellular level,
at the cellular level,
157
512644
2581
gde moramo da sagledavamo
na nivou ćelije,
na nivou ćelije,
08:47
has been generated using animal models.
158
515249
2507
izvedeni su korišćenjem
životinjskih modela.
životinjskih modela.
08:50
But this diet has also been given
to human participants,
to human participants,
159
518470
4381
Međutim, ova hrana je takođe data
i ljudima učesnicima
i ljudima učesnicima
08:54
and what we could see is that
the diet modulates memory and mood
the diet modulates memory and mood
160
522875
6158
i mogli smo videti da ishrana
menja pamćenje i raspoloženje
menja pamćenje i raspoloženje
09:01
in the same direction
as it modulates neurogenesis,
as it modulates neurogenesis,
161
529057
3484
u istom pravcu u kome menja neurogenezu.
09:04
such as: calorie restriction
will improve memory capacity,
will improve memory capacity,
162
532565
4757
Na primer, ograničavanje unosa kalorija
će poboljšati kapacitet memorije,
će poboljšati kapacitet memorije,
09:09
whereas a high-fat diet will exacerbate
symptoms of depression --
symptoms of depression --
163
537346
5099
dok će ishrana bogata mastima
pogoršati simptome depresije,
pogoršati simptome depresije,
09:14
as opposed to omega-3 fatty acids,
which increase neurogenesis,
which increase neurogenesis,
164
542469
3864
nasuprot omega-3 masnim kiselinama,
koje povećavaju neurogenezu
koje povećavaju neurogenezu
09:18
and also help to decrease
the symptoms of depression.
the symptoms of depression.
165
546357
4183
i takođe pomažu u smanjenju
simptoma depresije.
simptoma depresije.
09:23
So we think that the effect of diet
166
551643
4817
Dakle, mislimo da je uticaj ishrane
09:28
on mental health, on memory and mood,
167
556484
3595
na mentalno zdravlje,
pamćenje i raspoloženje
pamćenje i raspoloženje
09:32
is actually mediated by the production
of the new neurons in the hippocampus.
of the new neurons in the hippocampus.
168
560103
4472
indirektno povezan sa proizvodnjom
novih neurona u hipokampusu.
novih neurona u hipokampusu.
Ne radi se samo o tome šta jedete,
09:36
And it's not only what you eat,
169
564994
1920
09:38
but it's also the texture
of the food, when you eat it
of the food, when you eat it
170
566938
3065
već i o teksturi hrane, o tome kada jedete
09:42
and how much of it you eat.
171
570027
1824
i koliko jedete.
09:45
On our side -- neuroscientists
interested in neurogenesis --
interested in neurogenesis --
172
573841
4033
Na našoj strani, strani neuronaučnika
zainteresovanih za neurogenezu,
zainteresovanih za neurogenezu,
09:49
we need to understand better
the function of these new neurons,
the function of these new neurons,
173
577898
3665
moramo da bolje razumemo
funkcije tih novih neurona
funkcije tih novih neurona
09:53
and how we can control their survival
and their production.
and their production.
174
581587
3984
i kako možemo kontrolisati
njihov opstanak i njihovu proizvodnju.
njihov opstanak i njihovu proizvodnju.
Takođe, moramo da nađemo način
09:57
We also need to find a way to protect
the neurogenesis of Robert's patients.
the neurogenesis of Robert's patients.
175
585896
4539
da zaštitimo neurogenezu
Robertovih pacijenata.
Robertovih pacijenata.
Što se tiče vaše strane,
10:03
And on your side --
176
591271
1377
10:04
I leave you in charge
of your neurogenesis.
of your neurogenesis.
177
592672
2430
ostavljam da budete zaduženi
za svoju neurogenezu.
za svoju neurogenezu.
10:07
Thank you.
178
595691
1158
Hvala.
10:08
(Applause)
179
596873
5959
(Aplauz)
Margaret Hefernan:
Fantastično istraživanje, Sandrin.
Fantastično istraživanje, Sandrin.
10:14
Margaret Heffernan:
Fantastic research, Sandrine.
Fantastic research, Sandrine.
180
602856
2332
10:17
Now, I told you you changed my life --
181
605212
2245
E, sad, rekla sam ti
da si mi promenila život -
da si mi promenila život -
10:19
I now eat a lot of blueberries.
182
607481
1778
sada jedem mnogo borovnica.
10:21
Sandrine Thuret: Very good.
183
609283
1547
Sandrin Ture: Odlično.
10:23
MH: I'm really interested
in the running thing.
in the running thing.
184
611528
2444
MH: Baš sam zainteresovana za to trčanje.
10:26
Do I have to run?
185
614869
1651
Da li moram da trčim,
10:29
Or is it really just
about aerobic exercise,
about aerobic exercise,
186
617368
2642
Ili se zapravo radi
samo o aerobnim vežbama,
samo o aerobnim vežbama,
10:32
getting oxygen to the brain?
187
620034
1605
dopremanju kiseonika u mozak?
10:33
Could it be any kind of vigorous exercise?
188
621663
2135
Da li to može da bude
bilo kakvo energično vežbanje?
bilo kakvo energično vežbanje?
10:36
ST: So for the moment,
189
624101
1737
ST: Za sada,
10:37
we can't really say
if it's just the running itself,
if it's just the running itself,
190
625862
3240
ne možemo baš reći
da li je to do samog trčanja,
da li je to do samog trčanja,
10:41
but we think that anything that indeed
will increase the production --
will increase the production --
191
629126
5037
ali smatramo da bi bilo šta
što zaista povećava proizvodnju,
što zaista povećava proizvodnju,
10:46
or moving the blood flow to the brain,
192
634187
3080
ili pokretanje protoka krvi ka mozgu,
10:49
should be beneficial.
193
637291
1602
trebalo da bude korisno.
MH: Znači, ne moram da nabavim
točak za trčanje za kancelariju?
točak za trčanje za kancelariju?
10:51
MH: So I don't have to get
a running wheel in my office?
a running wheel in my office?
194
639353
2627
10:54
ST: No, you don't!
195
642004
1163
ST: Ne, ne moraš!
10:55
MH: Oh, what a relief! That's wonderful.
196
643191
2093
MH: O, kakvo olakšanje! To je sjajno.
10:57
Sandrine Thuret, thank you so much.
197
645308
1753
Sandrin Ture, mnogo ti hvala.
10:59
ST: Thank you, Margaret.
198
647085
1199
ST: Hvala tebi, Margaret.
11:00
(Applause)
199
648308
2668
(Aplauz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Sandrine Thuret - Neural stem cell researcherSandrine Thuret studies the way adult brains create new nerve cells in the hippocampus -- a brain area involved in memory and mood.
Why you should listen
In her lab at King's College London, Sandrine Thuret studies adult neurogenesis -- the process by which adult brains create new nerve cells. (Until the 1990s, we didn't even know they did this!)
Thuret's work focuses on the hippocampus, the area of the brain that is related to memory, and her work asks two big questions: How can we help our healthy brains create new nerve cells throughout our lives, through diet and behavior changes? And how can we study the effects of diseases such as depression and Alzheimer's on our brains' ability to grow?
Sandrine Thuret | Speaker | TED.com