TEDxManhattan
Britta Riley: A garden in my apartment
Britta Riley: Aed minu korteris
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Britta Riley tahtis endale oma tillukeses korterit toitu kasvatada. Ta arendas koos sõpradega kasutatud pudelistest ehitatud süsteemi taimede kasvatamiseks.Ta uuris, katsetas ja täiustas süsteemi, kasutades sotsiaalset meediat, proovides paljusid eri variante ja jõudis kiiresti optimaalse lahenduseni, Nimetagem seda jagatud ASI (arenda seda ise). Ja tulemused? Maitsvad.
Britta Riley - Artist, urban farmer
Britta Riley designs and builds urban farms and other participatory artworks that explore the city. Full bio
Britta Riley designs and builds urban farms and other participatory artworks that explore the city. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I, like many of you,
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Mina, nagu ka suur osa teist,
00:17
am one of the two billion people on Earth
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olen üks kahest miljardist inimesest maakeral,
00:22
who live in cities.
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kes elavad linnas.
00:24
And there are days -- I don't know about the rest of you guys --
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Ma ei tea kuidas teil, aga minul on selliseid päevi,
00:27
but there are days when I palpably feel
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kui ma tunnen selgelt,
00:31
how much I rely on other people
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kui palju ma sõltun teistest inimestest
00:33
for pretty much everything in my life.
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peaaegu kõige jaoks oma elus.
00:36
And some days, that can even be a little scary.
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Mõnel päeval võib see olla isegi natuke hirmutav.
00:39
But what I'm here to talk to you about today
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Kuid tegelikult olen täna siia tulnud rääkima sellest,
00:41
is how that same interdependence
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kuidas seesama vastastikune sõltuvus
00:44
is actually an extremely powerful social infrastructure
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on tegelikult äärmiselt võimas sotsiaalne infrastruktuur,
00:48
that we can actually harness
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mida me võime rakendada,
00:51
to help heal some of our deepest civic issues,
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et lahendada mõned tõsised ühiskonnaprobleemid,
00:55
if we apply open source collaboration.
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juhul kui me töötame koos vaba tarkvaraga.
00:59
A couple of years ago,
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Paar aastat tagasi,
01:01
I read an article by New York Times writer Michael Pollan
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lugesin The New York Times ajakirjaniku Michael Pollani artiklit,
01:04
in which he argued that growing even some of our own food
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kus ta väitis, et kui kasvatada kasvõi osa enda toidust ise,
01:08
is one of the best things
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on see üks parimaid asju,
01:10
that we can do for the environment.
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mida me saame keskkonna heaks teha.
01:12
Now at the time that I was reading this,
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Siis, kui ma seda artiklit lugesin,
01:14
it was the middle of the winter
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oli talve keskpaik
01:16
and I definitely did not have room for a lot of dirt
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ja mul ei olnud kindlasti ruumi suurele mullakogusele
01:19
in my New York City apartment.
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minu New Yorgi korteris.
01:22
So I was basically just willing to settle
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Nii et ma olin põhimõtteliselt valmis leppima
01:24
for just reading the next Wired magazine
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järgmise Wired ajakirja lugemisega,
01:26
and finding out how the experts were going to figure out
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kavatsedes teada saada, kuidas eksperdid püüavad leida lahenduse
01:28
how to solve all these problems for us in the future.
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meie kõikidele tulevikuprobleemidele.
01:31
But that was actually exactly the point
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Aga see oli tegelikult täpselt see mõte,
01:34
that Michael Pollan was making in this article --
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mida Michael Pollan oma artiklis väljendas -
01:36
was it's precisely when we hand over
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just sellel hetkel, kui me anname
01:38
the responsibility for all these things to specialists
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vastutuse kõikide asjade eest üle spetsialistidele,
01:41
that we cause the kind of messes
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loome me sellise segaduse,
01:44
that we see with the food system.
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mida me näeme toidusüsteemis.
01:47
So, I happen to know a little bit from my own work
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Niisiis, juhtumisi tean ma tänu oma tööle,
01:50
about how NASA has been using hydroponics
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kuidas NASA on kasutanud hüdropoonikat,
01:54
to explore growing food in space.
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et uurida toidu kasvatamist kosmoses.
01:57
And you can actually get optimal nutritional yield
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Ja tegelikult on võimalik saada korralikku toitainete saaki,
02:01
by running a kind of high-quality liquid soil
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kasutades kõrge kvaliteediga vedelat pinnast,
02:05
over plants' root systems.
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mis voolab üle taimede juurestiku.
02:08
Now to a vegetable plant,
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Köögivilja taimedele
02:10
my apartment has got to be
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tundub minu korter ilmselt
02:12
about as foreign as outer space.
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sama võõras nagu väliskosmos.
02:14
But I can offer some natural light
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Aga ma võin pakkuda veidi loomulikku valgust
02:17
and year-round climate control.
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ja aastaringselt kliima-automaatikat.
02:19
Fast-forward two years later:
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Aega edasi kerides - kaks aastat hiljem:
02:21
we now have window farms,
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nüüd on meil aknafarmid,
02:23
which are vertical, hydroponic platforms
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mis on vertikaalsed hüdropoonilised platvormid
02:25
for food-growing indoors.
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toidu kasvatamiseks siseruumides.
02:28
And the way it works is that there's a pump at the bottom,
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Ja kuidas see toimib - seal on pump allosas,
02:31
which periodically sends some of this liquid nutrient solution up to the top,
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mis saadab perioodiliselt osa sellest toitelahuse vedelikust üles,
02:34
which then trickles down through plants' root systems
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mis siis valgub allapoole läbi taimede juurestiku,
02:37
that are suspended in clay pellets --
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mis on kinnitatud savigraanulites -
02:39
so there's no dirt involved.
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seega ei ole seal mulda.
02:42
Now light and temperature vary
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Valgus ja temperatuur varieerub
02:44
with each window's microclimate,
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iga akna mikrokliimaga,
02:46
so a window farm
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nii et aknafarm
02:48
requires a farmer,
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nõuab talupidajat,
02:50
and she must decide
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kes peab otsustama,
02:52
what kind of crops she is going to put in her window farm,
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millised põllukultuure ta oma aknafarmis kasvatama hakkab
02:55
and whether she is going to feed her food organically.
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ja kas ta hakkab oma taimi toitma orgaaniliselt.
02:59
Back at the time, a window farm was no more
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Tol ajal polnud aknafarm midagi muud,
03:02
than a technically complex idea
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kui tehniliselt keerukas mõte,
03:04
that was going to require a lot of testing.
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mis nõudis palju testimist.
03:07
And I really wanted it to be an open project,
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Ja ma tõesti tahtsin, et see oleks avatud projekt,
03:09
because hydroponics
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sest hüdropoonika
03:11
is one of the fastest growing areas of patenting
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on praegu üks kiiremini kasvavaid patenteerimise valdkondi
03:13
in the United States right now
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Ameerika Ühendriikides
03:15
and could possibly become
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ja see võib muutuda
03:17
another area like Monsanto,
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veel üheks selliseks valdkonnaks nagu Monsanto,
03:19
where we have a lot of corporate intellectual property
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kus meil on paljude ettevõtete intellektuaalomand
03:22
in the way of people's food.
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takistusena inimeste toidu teel.
03:25
So I decided that, instead of creating a product,
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Nii et ma otsustasin, et selle asemel, et luua toode,
03:28
what I was going to do
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võiksin hoopis avada selle projekti
03:30
was open this up to a whole bunch of co-developers.
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tervele hulgale koos töötavatele arendajatele.
03:34
The first few systems that we created, they kind of worked.
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Paar esimest süsteemi, mille me lõime, võiks öelda - töötasid.
03:37
We were actually able to grow about a salad a week
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Me suutsime kasvatada umbes ühe salati nädalas
03:39
in a typical New York City apartment window.
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tüüpilise New Yorgi korteri aknal.
03:41
And we were able to grow cherry tomatoes and
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Ja me suutsime kasvatada kirsstomatit ja
03:43
cucumbers, all kinds of stuff.
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kurke ning igasuguseid teisi taimi.
03:45
But the first few systems
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Kuid paar esimest süsteemi
03:47
were these leaky, loud power-guzzlers
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olid lekkivad ja valjud energiatarbijad,
03:50
that Martha Stewart would definitely never have approved.
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mida Martha Stewart ei oleks kindlasti kunagi heaks kiitnud.
03:53
(Laughter)
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(Naer)
03:55
So to bring on more co-developers,
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Selleks et saada kokku rohkem arendajaid,
03:57
what we did was we created a social media site
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lõime sotsiaalse meedia saidi,
04:00
on which we published the designs,
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kuhu paigustasime disainilahendused,
04:02
we explained how they worked,
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selgitasime, kuidas nad töötasid,
04:04
and we even went so far
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ja me läksime isegi nii kaugele,
04:07
as to point out everything that was wrong with these systems.
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et tõime välja nende süsteemide vead.
04:10
And then we invited people all over the world
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Ja siis me kutsusime inimesi üle kogu maailma
04:12
to build them and experiment with us.
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meiega koos ehitama ja katsetama.
04:16
So actually now on this website,
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Nii et tegelikult on sellel leheküljel
04:18
we have 18,000 people.
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nüüd 18 000 inimest.
04:21
And we have window farms
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Ja meil on aknafarmid
04:23
all over the world.
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üle kogu maailma.
04:25
What we're doing
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Mida me teeme,
04:27
is what NASA or a large corporation
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on see, mida NASA või suurettevõtja
04:29
would call R&D, or research and development.
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kutsuks U&A ehk uurimis-ja arendustegevus.
04:32
But what we call it is R&D-I-Y,
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Aga meie nimetame seda U & A-S-I,
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or research and develop it yourself.
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ehk uuri ja arenda seda ise.
04:39
So for example,
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Näiteks
04:41
Jackson came along and suggested
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Jackson tegi ettepaneku,
04:43
that we use air pumps instead of water pumps.
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et me kasutaksime õhupumpasid veepumpade asemel.
04:45
It took building a whole bunch of systems to get it right,
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Me ehitasime terve hulga süsteeme, et see õigesti tööle saada,
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but once we did, we were able
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aga kui me lõpuks seda suutsime,
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to cut our carbon footprint nearly in half.
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vähendas see meie süsiniku jalajälge peaaegu poole võrra.
04:52
Tony in Chicago has been taking on growing experiments,
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Tony Chicagos võttis ette kasvatamise eksperimente,
04:55
like lots of other window farmers,
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nagu paljud teised aknafarmerid,
04:57
and he's been able to get his strawberries to fruit
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ja tal õnnestus panna oma maasikaid vilja kandma
05:00
for nine months of the year in low-light conditions
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üheksa kuu vältel vähese valguse tingimustes
05:03
by simply changing out the organic nutrients.
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lihtsalt muutes orgaanilisi toitaineid.
05:07
And window farmers in Finland
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Ja Soome aknafarmerid
05:09
have been customizing their window farms
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kohandasid oma akende talud
05:11
for the dark days of the Finnish winters
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pimedatele Soome talvepäevadele,
05:13
by outfitting them with LED grow lights
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varustades need LED tuledega taimete kasvatamiseks
05:16
that they're now making open source and part of the project.
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ja nüüd on nende projekt vabalt kättesaadav.
05:19
So window farms have been evolving
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Nii et aknafarmid arenevad
05:21
through a rapid versioning process
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läbi kiire kohandamise protsessi
05:23
similar to software.
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ja on sarnased tarkvarale.
05:25
And with every open source project,
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Ja iga avaliku projekti
05:28
the real benefit is the interplay
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tegelik kasu on koosmõju,
05:30
between the specific concerns
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ühelt poolt selliste probleemide vahel,
05:32
of people customizing their systems
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mida inimesed kogevad oma süsteeme kohandades,
05:34
for their own particular concerns
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oma konkreetsete vajaduste jaoks, ja teiselt poolt
05:36
and the universal concerns.
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universaalsete murede vahel.
05:38
So my core team and I
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Nii et minu põhimeeskonnal ja minul
05:40
are able to concentrate on the improvements
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on võimalik keskenduda täiustamisele,
05:42
that really benefit everyone.
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mis tegelikult toob kasu kõigile.
05:45
And we're able to look out for the needs of newcomers.
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Ja me saame tähelepanu pöörata uustulnukate vajadustele.
05:48
So for do-it-yourselfers,
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Tee-seda-ise huvilistele
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we provide free, very well-tested instructions
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pakume tasuta, hästi testitud juhiseid,
05:54
so that anyone, anywhere around the world,
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nii et igaüks, kõikjal maailmas,
05:56
can build one of these systems for free.
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saab sellise süsteemi endale tasuta ehitada.
05:58
And there's a patent pending on these systems as well
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Ja selle süsteemi patenteerimine on praegu käigus ning
06:01
that's held by the community.
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õigus kulub kogukonnale.
06:03
And to fund the project,
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Ja et seda projekti rahastada,
06:05
we partner to create products
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aitame luua tooteid,
06:07
that we then sell to schools and to individuals
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mida me müüme koolidele ja eraisikutele,
06:10
who don't have time to build their own systems.
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kellel ei ole aega, et ehitada oma süsteeme.
06:13
Now within our community,
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Meie kogukonnas
06:15
a certain culture has appeared.
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on esile kerkinud teatud kultuur.
06:17
In our culture, it is better to be a tester
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Meie kultuuris on parem olla testija,
06:19
who supports someone else's idea
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kes toetab kellegi teise ideed,
06:22
than it is to be just the idea guy.
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kui olla lihtsalt ideede looja.
06:25
What we get out of this project
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Mida me sellest projektist saame?
06:27
is we get support for our own work,
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Me saame toetust oma tööle,
06:29
as well as an experience of actually contributing
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samuti võimaluse reaalselt aidata kaasa
06:33
to the environmental movement
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keskkonnahoiule
06:35
in a way other than just screwing in new light bulbs.
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muul moel, kui lihtsalt uusi lambipirne sisse kerides.
06:38
But I think that Eileen expresses best
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Aga ma arvan, et Eileen väljendab kõige paremini,
06:41
what we really get out of this,
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mida me tegelikult sellest saame,
06:43
which is the actual joy of collaboration.
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mis on koostöötamise rõõm.
06:46
So she expresses here what it's like
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Nii ta väljendas, mis tunne on näha,
06:49
to see someone halfway across the world
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et keegi teises mailma otsas
06:51
having taken your idea, built upon it
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võttis kasutusele sinu idee, ehitas selle üles
06:53
and then acknowledging you for contributing.
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ja siis tunnustas sind panuse eest.
06:56
If we really want to see the kind of wide consumer behavior change
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Kui me tõesti tahame näha sellist laia tarbijakäitumise muutumist,
07:00
that we're all talking about
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millest me kõik räägime,
07:02
as environmentalists and food people,
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keskkonnakaitsjate ja toiduinimestena,
07:04
maybe we just need to ditch the term "consumer"
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võibolla me peame lihtsalt loobuma mõistest "tarbija"
07:06
and get behind the people who are doing stuff.
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ja järgima inimesi, kes teevad asju.
07:10
Open source projects tend to have a momentum of their own.
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Avatud projektidel on tavaliselt oma hoog.
07:13
And what we're seeing is that R&D-I-Y
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Ja mida me näeme, on see, et U & A-S-I
07:15
has moved beyond just window farms and LEDs
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on jõudnud kaugemale lihtsatest aknafarmides ja LED'idest
07:19
into solar panels and aquaponic systems.
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kuni päikesepaneelide ja akvapooniliste süsteemideni.
07:23
And we're building upon innovations
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Ja me ehitame eelnevate põlvkondade
07:25
of generations who went before us.
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innovaatiliste ideede vundamendile.
07:27
And we're looking ahead at generations
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Ja tuleviku põlvkondadel on tõesti vaja,
07:29
who really need us to retool our lives now.
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et me muudaksime oma eluviise juba nüüd.
07:33
So we ask that you join us
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Seega kutsume teid meiega ühinema,
07:35
in rediscovering the value
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uuesti avastama
07:37
of citizens united,
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ühinenud kodanike väärtust,
07:39
and to declare
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ning kuulutama,
07:41
that we are all still pioneers.
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et me kõik oleme jätkuvalt pioneerid.
07:44
(Applause)
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(Aplaus)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Britta Riley - Artist, urban farmerBritta Riley designs and builds urban farms and other participatory artworks that explore the city.
Why you should listen
Britta Riley is an artist and technologist who makes crowdsourced R&D solutions for environmental issues. Her company, Windowfarms.org was named one of the top 100 businesses to watch in 2010 by Entrepreneur Magazine. Windowfarms makes vertical hydroponic platforms for growing food in city windows, designed in conjunction with a online citizen science web platform for with over 16,000 community members worldwide.
Britta Riley | Speaker | TED.com