TEDxManhattan
Britta Riley: A garden in my apartment
Britta Riley: Vrt u mom stanu
Filmed:
Readability: 4.6
2,448,701 views
Britta Riley htjela je uzgajati vlastito povrće u svom malenom stanu. Tako su ona i njeni prijatelji razvili sistem za rast biljaka u odbačenim plastičnim bocama -- istraživali su, testirali i optimizirali sistem koristeći društvenu mrežu, iskušavali mnoge varijacije odjednom i tako ubrzo stigli do optimalnog sistema. Mogli bismo ga nazvati distributivni "uradi sam" sistem. A kakvi su rezultati? Ukusni.
Britta Riley - Artist, urban farmer
Britta Riley designs and builds urban farms and other participatory artworks that explore the city. Full bio
Britta Riley designs and builds urban farms and other participatory artworks that explore the city. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I, like many of you,
0
0
2000
Ja sam, kao mnogi od vas,
00:17
am one of the two billion people on Earth
1
2000
5000
jedna od dvije milijarde ljudi na Zemlji
00:22
who live in cities.
2
7000
2000
koji žive u gradovima.
00:24
And there are days -- I don't know about the rest of you guys --
3
9000
3000
I postoje dani -- ne znam kako je to kod vas --
00:27
but there are days when I palpably feel
4
12000
4000
no postoje dani kad opipljivo osjećam
00:31
how much I rely on other people
5
16000
2000
koliko se oslanjam na druge ljude
00:33
for pretty much everything in my life.
6
18000
3000
za gotovo sve u svom životu.
00:36
And some days, that can even be a little scary.
7
21000
3000
A u nekim danima to može biti i pomalo zastrašujuće.
00:39
But what I'm here to talk to you about today
8
24000
2000
No ono o čemu ću govoriti danas
00:41
is how that same interdependence
9
26000
3000
je kako je upravo ta međuovisnost
00:44
is actually an extremely powerful social infrastructure
10
29000
4000
zapravo izuzetno jaka društvena infrastruktura
00:48
that we can actually harness
11
33000
3000
koju bismo zapravo mogli iskoristiti
00:51
to help heal some of our deepest civic issues,
12
36000
4000
da pomognemo riješiti neke od naših najdubljih građanskih problema,
00:55
if we apply open source collaboration.
13
40000
4000
ako bismo primijenili otvorenu suradnju.
00:59
A couple of years ago,
14
44000
2000
Prije nekoliko godina
01:01
I read an article by New York Times writer Michael Pollan
15
46000
3000
čitala sam članak Michaela Pollana u New York Timesu
01:04
in which he argued that growing even some of our own food
16
49000
4000
u kojem je tvrdio da je uzgoj čak i malo vlastite hrane
01:08
is one of the best things
17
53000
2000
jedna od najboljih stvari
01:10
that we can do for the environment.
18
55000
2000
koju možemo učiniti za okoliš.
01:12
Now at the time that I was reading this,
19
57000
2000
U trenutku kada sam to čitala
01:14
it was the middle of the winter
20
59000
2000
bila je sredina zime
01:16
and I definitely did not have room for a lot of dirt
21
61000
3000
i ja definitivno nisam imala sobu za mnogo zemlje
01:19
in my New York City apartment.
22
64000
3000
u svom newyorškom stanu.
01:22
So I was basically just willing to settle
23
67000
2000
Tako da sam se upravo bila spremna zadovoljiti
01:24
for just reading the next Wired magazine
24
69000
2000
čitanjem novog broja časopisa Wired
01:26
and finding out how the experts were going to figure out
25
71000
2000
da vidim kako će stručnjaci za nas otkriti
01:28
how to solve all these problems for us in the future.
26
73000
3000
rješenje svih tih problema u budućnosti.
01:31
But that was actually exactly the point
27
76000
3000
No to je bilo upravo ono o čemu je
01:34
that Michael Pollan was making in this article --
28
79000
2000
Michael Pollan pisao u tom članku --
01:36
was it's precisely when we hand over
29
81000
2000
da upravo to kada prepuštamo
01:38
the responsibility for all these things to specialists
30
83000
3000
odgovornost za sve te stvari specijalistima
01:41
that we cause the kind of messes
31
86000
3000
da uzrokujemo ovakvu zbrku
01:44
that we see with the food system.
32
89000
3000
kakvu vidimo u prehrambenom sustavu.
01:47
So, I happen to know a little bit from my own work
33
92000
3000
Tako, ja slučajno znam ponešto iz vlastitog rada
01:50
about how NASA has been using hydroponics
34
95000
4000
o tome kako NASA koristi hidropone
01:54
to explore growing food in space.
35
99000
3000
za istraživanje rasta hrane u svemiru.
01:57
And you can actually get optimal nutritional yield
36
102000
4000
I zapravo možete dobiti optimalan prehrambeni prinos
02:01
by running a kind of high-quality liquid soil
37
106000
4000
tako da pokrenete visoko kvalitetnu vrstu otopine
02:05
over plants' root systems.
38
110000
3000
preko korijenskog sistema biljke.
02:08
Now to a vegetable plant,
39
113000
2000
Sada za povrtnu biljku
02:10
my apartment has got to be
40
115000
2000
moj bi stan mogao biti
02:12
about as foreign as outer space.
41
117000
2000
jednako stran kao i svemir.
02:14
But I can offer some natural light
42
119000
3000
Ali ja mogu ponuditi štogod prirodnog svjetla
02:17
and year-round climate control.
43
122000
2000
i kontrolu klime tijekom godine.
02:19
Fast-forward two years later:
44
124000
2000
Brzo naprijed, dvije godine poslije:
02:21
we now have window farms,
45
126000
2000
imamo prozorska uzgajališta:
02:23
which are vertical, hydroponic platforms
46
128000
2000
to su vertikalni hidroponi sistemi
02:25
for food-growing indoors.
47
130000
3000
za uzgoj hrane u zatvorenom prostoru.
02:28
And the way it works is that there's a pump at the bottom,
48
133000
3000
a način na koji radi je da postoji pumpa na dnu
02:31
which periodically sends some of this liquid nutrient solution up to the top,
49
136000
3000
koja periodički šalje neke hranjive otopine do vrha
02:34
which then trickles down through plants' root systems
50
139000
3000
koja tada kaplje dolje kroz sustav korijenja biljke
02:37
that are suspended in clay pellets --
51
142000
2000
koje je postavljeno u glinenim kuglicama --
02:39
so there's no dirt involved.
52
144000
3000
tako da zemlja nije uključena.
02:42
Now light and temperature vary
53
147000
2000
Svjetlo i temperatura variraju
02:44
with each window's microclimate,
54
149000
2000
prema mikroklimi svakog prozora
02:46
so a window farm
55
151000
2000
tako da prozorsko uzgajalište
02:48
requires a farmer,
56
153000
2000
zahtjeva uzgajivača
02:50
and she must decide
57
155000
2000
koji mora odlučiti
02:52
what kind of crops she is going to put in her window farm,
58
157000
3000
kakve će kulture imati u svojem prozorskom uzgajalištu
02:55
and whether she is going to feed her food organically.
59
160000
4000
i hoće li svoju hranu organski hraniti.
02:59
Back at the time, a window farm was no more
60
164000
3000
U to vrijeme prozorsko uzgajalište nije bilo više nego
03:02
than a technically complex idea
61
167000
2000
tehnički kompleksna ideja
03:04
that was going to require a lot of testing.
62
169000
3000
koja će zahtijevati mnogo testiranja.
03:07
And I really wanted it to be an open project,
63
172000
2000
A ja sam stvarno željela da to bude otvoren projekt
03:09
because hydroponics
64
174000
2000
jer hidroponi su
03:11
is one of the fastest growing areas of patenting
65
176000
2000
sada jedno od najbrže rastućih područja za patentiranje
03:13
in the United States right now
66
178000
2000
u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama
03:15
and could possibly become
67
180000
2000
i mogli bi postati
03:17
another area like Monsanto,
68
182000
2000
još jedno područje kao korporacija Monsanto,
03:19
where we have a lot of corporate intellectual property
69
184000
3000
gdje imamo mnogo korporacijskog intelektualnog vlasništva
03:22
in the way of people's food.
70
187000
3000
koje stoji na putu ljudskoj hrani.
03:25
So I decided that, instead of creating a product,
71
190000
3000
I tako sam odlučila da umjesto da stvaram produkt,
03:28
what I was going to do
72
193000
2000
otvoriti taj sistem
03:30
was open this up to a whole bunch of co-developers.
73
195000
3000
velikoj grupi kooperanata.
03:34
The first few systems that we created, they kind of worked.
74
199000
3000
Nekoliko prvih sistema koje smo stvorili nekako su funkcionirali.
03:37
We were actually able to grow about a salad a week
75
202000
2000
Mogli smo čak uzgojiti jednu glavicu salate za oko tjedan dana
03:39
in a typical New York City apartment window.
76
204000
2000
na prozoru tipičnog newyorškog stana.
03:41
And we were able to grow cherry tomatoes and
77
206000
2000
Mogli smo uzgojiti i minirajčice,
03:43
cucumbers, all kinds of stuff.
78
208000
2000
i krastavce, i još mnogošta.
03:45
But the first few systems
79
210000
2000
Ali nekoliko prvih sistema
03:47
were these leaky, loud power-guzzlers
80
212000
3000
bili su propuštajući bučni žderači energije
03:50
that Martha Stewart would definitely never have approved.
81
215000
3000
koje Martha Stewart nikad ne bi odobrila.
03:53
(Laughter)
82
218000
2000
(Smijeh)
03:55
So to bring on more co-developers,
83
220000
2000
Da bismo pridobili što više suradnika,
03:57
what we did was we created a social media site
84
222000
3000
stvorili smo društvenu internetsku mrežu
04:00
on which we published the designs,
85
225000
2000
na kojoj smo objavili nacrt,
04:02
we explained how they worked,
86
227000
2000
objasnili kako funkcionira,
04:04
and we even went so far
87
229000
3000
i išli smo čak tako daleko
04:07
as to point out everything that was wrong with these systems.
88
232000
3000
da smo naglasili što je u tim sistemima neispravno.
04:10
And then we invited people all over the world
89
235000
2000
I tada smo pozvali ljude iz cijelog svijeta
04:12
to build them and experiment with us.
90
237000
3000
da ih grade i da eksperimentiraju s nama.
04:16
So actually now on this website,
91
241000
2000
I sada doista na toj internetskoj stranici imamo
04:18
we have 18,000 people.
92
243000
3000
18.000 ljudi.
04:21
And we have window farms
93
246000
2000
I imamo prozorska uzgajališta
04:23
all over the world.
94
248000
2000
po cijelom svijetu.
04:25
What we're doing
95
250000
2000
Ono što činimo
04:27
is what NASA or a large corporation
96
252000
2000
NASA ili neki drugi veliki koncern bi nazvao
04:29
would call R&D, or research and development.
97
254000
3000
I&R ili istraživanje i razvoj.
04:32
But what we call it is R&D-I-Y,
98
257000
3000
Ali mi ga nazivamo I&R-uradi-sam
04:35
or research and develop it yourself.
99
260000
4000
ili istražuj i razvijaj ga sam.
04:39
So for example,
100
264000
2000
Na primjer,
04:41
Jackson came along and suggested
101
266000
2000
Jackson je došao i predložio
04:43
that we use air pumps instead of water pumps.
102
268000
2000
da koristimo zračne pumpe umjesto vodenih.
04:45
It took building a whole bunch of systems to get it right,
103
270000
2000
Bilo je potrebno sastaviti mnogo sistema da bismo dobili jedan ispravan,
04:47
but once we did, we were able
104
272000
2000
ali kad smo to ostvarili, mogli smo
04:49
to cut our carbon footprint nearly in half.
105
274000
3000
smanjiti emisiju ugljika na polovicu.
04:52
Tony in Chicago has been taking on growing experiments,
106
277000
3000
Tony u Chicagu provodio je eksperimente rasta,
04:55
like lots of other window farmers,
107
280000
2000
kao i mnogi drugi uzgajivači,
04:57
and he's been able to get his strawberries to fruit
108
282000
3000
i uspio je uzgojiti plodove jagoda
05:00
for nine months of the year in low-light conditions
109
285000
3000
devet mjeseci godišnje u uvjetima slabog osvjetljenja
05:03
by simply changing out the organic nutrients.
110
288000
4000
tako da je jednostavno promijenio organske nutrijente.
05:07
And window farmers in Finland
111
292000
2000
A uzgajivači u Finskoj
05:09
have been customizing their window farms
112
294000
2000
prilagođavali su svoja prozorska uzgajališta
05:11
for the dark days of the Finnish winters
113
296000
2000
mračnim danima finske zime
05:13
by outfitting them with LED grow lights
114
298000
3000
tako da su ih opremili s LED žaruljama,
05:16
that they're now making open source and part of the project.
115
301000
3000
tako da su sada dio otvorene suradnje i dio projekta.
05:19
So window farms have been evolving
116
304000
2000
Tako su se prozorska uzgajališta razvijala
05:21
through a rapid versioning process
117
306000
2000
kroz rapidan proces različitih izvedbi
05:23
similar to software.
118
308000
2000
slično kao kod softwarea.
05:25
And with every open source project,
119
310000
3000
I sa svakim projektom otvorene suradnje
05:28
the real benefit is the interplay
120
313000
2000
stvarna korist je interakcija
05:30
between the specific concerns
121
315000
2000
između specifičnih potreba
05:32
of people customizing their systems
122
317000
2000
ljudi koji prilagođavaju svoje sisteme
05:34
for their own particular concerns
123
319000
2000
vlastitim individualnim potrebama
05:36
and the universal concerns.
124
321000
2000
i univerzalnih potreba.
05:38
So my core team and I
125
323000
2000
Dakle moj uži tim i ja
05:40
are able to concentrate on the improvements
126
325000
2000
možemo se koncentrirati na poboljšanja
05:42
that really benefit everyone.
127
327000
3000
koja doista doprinose svima.
05:45
And we're able to look out for the needs of newcomers.
128
330000
3000
I u stanju smo paziti na potrebe pridošlica.
05:48
So for do-it-yourselfers,
129
333000
2000
Stoga za one koji će sistem raditi u kućnoj radinosti
05:50
we provide free, very well-tested instructions
130
335000
4000
osiguravamo besplatna, vrlo dobro testirana uputstva
05:54
so that anyone, anywhere around the world,
131
339000
2000
tako da bilo tko, bilo gdje na svijetu
05:56
can build one of these systems for free.
132
341000
2000
može ovaj sistem izraditi besplatno.
05:58
And there's a patent pending on these systems as well
133
343000
3000
A tu je i zaštićeni patent na tim sustavima
06:01
that's held by the community.
134
346000
2000
koji je u posjedu zajednice.
06:03
And to fund the project,
135
348000
2000
Da bismo financirali projekt,
06:05
we partner to create products
136
350000
2000
ulazimo u partnerstva kako bismo kreirali produkte
06:07
that we then sell to schools and to individuals
137
352000
3000
koje potom prodajemo školama i pojedincima,
06:10
who don't have time to build their own systems.
138
355000
3000
koji nemaju vremena za gradnju vlastitih sistema.
06:13
Now within our community,
139
358000
2000
U našoj zajednici
06:15
a certain culture has appeared.
140
360000
2000
sada je nastala jedna određena kultura.
06:17
In our culture, it is better to be a tester
141
362000
2000
U našoj je kulturi bolje biti ispitivač
06:19
who supports someone else's idea
142
364000
3000
koji podržava ideju drugoga,
06:22
than it is to be just the idea guy.
143
367000
3000
nego biti samo onaj koji ima ideju.
06:25
What we get out of this project
144
370000
2000
Što smo dobili iz ovog projekta je
06:27
is we get support for our own work,
145
372000
2000
podrška za vlastiti rad
06:29
as well as an experience of actually contributing
146
374000
4000
kao i iskustvo stvarnog doprinosa
06:33
to the environmental movement
147
378000
2000
pokretu za očuvanje okoliša
06:35
in a way other than just screwing in new light bulbs.
148
380000
3000
koji je drugačiji od toga da samo stavimo nove žarulje.
06:38
But I think that Eileen expresses best
149
383000
3000
No mislim da Eileen izražava najbolje
06:41
what we really get out of this,
150
386000
2000
što doista dobivamo iz ovoga,
06:43
which is the actual joy of collaboration.
151
388000
3000
a to je zapravo radost suradnje.
06:46
So she expresses here what it's like
152
391000
3000
Pa tako ona ovdje izražava kako je to
06:49
to see someone halfway across the world
153
394000
2000
kad vidiš nekoga tko je s druge strane svijeta
06:51
having taken your idea, built upon it
154
396000
2000
uzeo tvoju ideju, nadogradio je
06:53
and then acknowledging you for contributing.
155
398000
3000
i tada ti priznao tvoj doprinos.
06:56
If we really want to see the kind of wide consumer behavior change
156
401000
4000
Ako zaista želimo da se promijeni priroda konzumerskog ponašanja
07:00
that we're all talking about
157
405000
2000
o kojoj svi mi govorimo
07:02
as environmentalists and food people,
158
407000
2000
kao ekolozi i uživatelji hrane,
07:04
maybe we just need to ditch the term "consumer"
159
409000
2000
možda samo moramo odbaciti pojam konzument
07:06
and get behind the people who are doing stuff.
160
411000
4000
i pomoći ljudima koji štogod poduzimaju.
07:10
Open source projects tend to have a momentum of their own.
161
415000
3000
Projekti otvorene suradnje teže svojem trenutku.
07:13
And what we're seeing is that R&D-I-Y
162
418000
2000
I ono što opažamo je da se I&R-uradi-sam
07:15
has moved beyond just window farms and LEDs
163
420000
4000
razvio izvan jednostavnih prozorskih uzgajališta i LED žarulja
07:19
into solar panels and aquaponic systems.
164
424000
4000
u sisteme sa solarnim kolektorima i akvaponije.
07:23
And we're building upon innovations
165
428000
2000
Mi nadograđujemo inovacije
07:25
of generations who went before us.
166
430000
2000
prijašnjih generacija.
07:27
And we're looking ahead at generations
167
432000
2000
I pripremamo se za generacije
07:29
who really need us to retool our lives now.
168
434000
4000
koje nas doista trebaju da sada iznova opremimo naše živote.
07:33
So we ask that you join us
169
438000
2000
Pa vas pozivamo da nam se pridružite
07:35
in rediscovering the value
170
440000
2000
u ponovnom otkrivanju vrijednosti
07:37
of citizens united,
171
442000
2000
ujedinjenog građanstva
07:39
and to declare
172
444000
2000
i da objavimo
07:41
that we are all still pioneers.
173
446000
3000
da smo u ovome svi mi još uvijek pioniri.
07:44
(Applause)
174
449000
2000
(Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Britta Riley - Artist, urban farmerBritta Riley designs and builds urban farms and other participatory artworks that explore the city.
Why you should listen
Britta Riley is an artist and technologist who makes crowdsourced R&D solutions for environmental issues. Her company, Windowfarms.org was named one of the top 100 businesses to watch in 2010 by Entrepreneur Magazine. Windowfarms makes vertical hydroponic platforms for growing food in city windows, designed in conjunction with a online citizen science web platform for with over 16,000 community members worldwide.
Britta Riley | Speaker | TED.com