Chris Anderson (TED): Questions no one knows the answers to
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
the answers to questions,
که نمیتوانید پاسخشان را پیدا کنید
where you can't learn the answers
as a boy, for example:
مثل پازل جلو میرفتم، مثل این سوالات:
that it's a He and not a She?
که او مرد است یا زن؟
and animals suffer terrible things?
متحمل اتفاقات وحشتناکی میشوند؟
برای زندگی من وجود دارد؟
and we just can't see it?
و ما فقط از آن خبر نداریم؟
منظورم این است که من اصلاً کیام؟
I mean, who am I anyway?
What is consciousness?
آگاهی چیست؟
to all these questions.
puzzle me more now than ever.
بیش از همیشه گنگ میکند.
هیجانانگیز است
to the edge of knowledge,
چهچیزی را آنجا پیدا خواهید کرد.
on Earth knows the answer to.
توانایی پاسخ به آن را ندارد، میپردازیم:
mountains and deserts
around how vast our Earth is.
that there's an object we see every day
از آن را هر روز ما میبینیم
one million Earths inside it:
کره زمین را در خود جای دهد:
of things, it's a pinprick,
همانند سر سوزنیاست.
in the Milky Way galaxy,
در کهکشان راه شیری،
که در شبی صاف
stretched across the sky.
detectable by our telescopes.
با تلسکوپهایمان در فضا وجود دارد.
of a single grain of sand,
یک شن ماسه واحد باشد،
stretch of beach
با شن کافی است.
doesn't have enough beaches
in the overall universe.
hundreds of millions of miles.
صدها میلیون کیلومتر طول داشته باشد.
that is a lot of stars.
جهان پر از ستاره است.
now believe in a reality
بر این عقیدهاند که
۱۰۰ میلیارد کهکشان که در
the 100 billion galaxies
fraction of the total.
at an accelerating pace.
شتابی افزاینده متورم میشود.
that light from them may never reach us.
که هیچوقت نورشان به ما نخواهد رسید.
فیزیک روزمره ما بر روی کرهزمین
to those distant, invisible galaxies.
و نامرئی تاثیر میگیرد.
as part of our universe.
از جهانمان نگاه میکنیم.
یک عمارت عظیم و یکهای را میسازند
and all made from the same types of atoms,
و از اتمها، الکترونها، پروتونها،
that make up you and me.
که من و شما نیز از آنها تشکیل شدهایم.
including one called string theory,
بهطور خاص نظریه ریسمان،
countless other universes
را مطرح میکند
obeying different laws.
could never support life,
میتوانند میزبان حیات باشند،
of existence in a nanosecond.
بهوجود آید و از بین بروند.
they make up a vast multiverse
امکانپذیر با ۱۱ بعد را تشکیل میدهند
in up to 11 dimensions,
beyond our wildest imagination.
تصوراتما نیز فراتر اند.
predicts a multiverse
had its own universe,
جهان خودش را داخلش داشته باشد
in all those universes each had
نیز اتمهایشان جهانهای خودشان
fraction of the total,
trillion trillion trillion trillion
یک تریلیون تریلیون تریلیون تریلیون تریلیون تریلیون
trillion trillion trillion trillionth.
تریلیون تریلیون تریلیون تریلیون.
is minuscule compared to another number:
از عدد روبرو است:
فضا-زمان عیناً به بینهایت ختم میشود
continuum is literally infinite
of so-called pocket universes
تحت عنوان جهانهای پاکتی میشود
جدیدی به آن میافزاید.
true beyond all doubt,
به همه ابهامات پاسخ داده است،
زمانی میتوانید آن را بهنتیجه برسانید که
you can only un-baffle it
of parallel universes
را متصور شوید
be very like the world we're in,
به دنیای ما شبیه هستند،
زیادی فارغالتحصیل میشوید
you'd graduate with honors
and in another, not so much.
و در جهانموازی دیگر بخت خوبی ندارید.
who would say, hogwash.
ایدهی مزخرفی است و تنها پاسخ معنیدار
of how many universes there are is one.
and mystics might argue
ممکن است که ادعا کنند
on this question, not even close.
برای پاسخ به این سوال وجود ندارد.
between zero and infinity.
بین صفر و بینهایت است.
to be studying physics.
در رشته فیزیک است.
the biggest paradigm shift in knowledge
امکان دارد بزرگترین تغییر در رویههای دانش
other planets teeming with life.
سیارههای دارای حیات باشد.
asked by Enrico Fermi in 1950:
اِنریکو فرمی در سال ۱۹۵۰ بود:
are visiting all the time
یوفوها مدام در حال بازدیدمان هستند
the Kepler space observatory
تلسکوپ فضایی کپلر،
just around nearby stars.
نزدیک کشف کرده است.
be half a trillion planets
life-harboring planets
after the Big Bang.
should have formed earlier,
شاید زودتر وجود داشتند،
of years earlier than happened on Earth.
زودتر از زمین را داشتند.
had spawned intelligent life
هوشمند را در خود جای دهد
had millions of years
و قدرت پیداکردن خواهد داشت.
technology can accelerate
an intelligent alien civilization
هوش فرازمینی قادر خواهد بود
across the galaxy,
energy-harvesting artifacts
برای تامین انرژی احداث میکند
that fill the night sky.
آسمان شب را پر میکند.
they'd be revealing their presence,
بیگانگان حضور خودشان را
of one kind or another.
استفاده میکند، لو خواهند داد.
برای هیچکدامشان نداریم.
evidence of any of it.
some of them quite dark.
بعضیهاشون کاملاً مبهم هستند.
superintelligent civilization
of any potential competitors.
ready to obliterate
منتظر نشستهاند.
of an intelligence
sophisticated technology
on Earth in four billion years.
سال فقط بر روی زمین اتفاق افتاده است.
از روی شانس بوده است.
such civilization in our galaxy.
در کهکشانمان هستیم.
the seeds of its own destruction
چاشنی نابودی خودش را
the technologies it creates.
غیر قابل کنترلی که میسازد دارد.
more hopeful answers.
امیدوارانه نیز وجود دارد.
a pitiful amount of money on it.
of the stars in our galaxy
for signs of interesting signals.
سیگنالهای حیات واکاوی شدهاند.
صحیحی جستجو نمیکنیم.
the right way.
communication technologies
ارتباطی را کشف کردهاند
than electromagnetic waves.
امواج الکترومغناطیس ما هستند.
inside the mysterious
ماده تاریک یا انرژی تاریک،
for most of the universe's mass.
جهان محسوب میشود.
at the wrong scale.
civilizations come to realize
just complex patterns of information
پیچیدهایی از اطلاعات است
in a beautiful way,
زیبایی در تعاملاند،
efficiently at a small scale.
بسیار بهینهتر عمل میکند.
clunky stereo systems have shrunk
خندهدار ما بر روی زمین
شاید حیات هوشمند نیز خودش
maybe intelligent life itself,
on the environment,
میکروسکوپی تبدیل کردهاست.
might be teeming with aliens,
نیز بیگانگان وجود دارند
نیز گونههایی از حیات بیگانگان هستند.
are a form of alien life.
to have a life all of their own
برای خودت داشته باشی
is just a passing phase.
گذار از مرحلهای است.
real spectroscopic information
برگرفته از طیفسنجی
بدست بیاوریم
how life-friendly they might be.
اطلاعاتی را افشا خواهد کرد.
for Extraterrestrial Intelligence,
پروژه سِتی (جستجو برای هوش فرازمینی)،
برای عموم منتشر میکند،
maybe including you,
to join the search.
ملحق شدن به جستجو خواهد گرفت.
آزمایشی شگفتانگیز در حال تلاش
to create life from scratch,
from the DNA forms we know.
به عنوان الگوهای دی.ان.ای میشناسیم.
whether the universe is teeming with life
بوده است یا فقط ما بودهایم، کمک خواهند کرد.
and ask these questions
و این سوالات را میپرسیم
about the universe.
of good news for you.
and understanding never gets dull.
هیچوقت کسلکننده نمیشود.»
the more amazing the world seems.
همانقدر دنیایی شگفتانگیز میبینی.
the unanswered questions,
را به پیشرفت میرسانند.
کنجکاور بمانید.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED CuratorAfter a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com