Chris Anderson (TED): Questions no one knows the answers to
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
답을 배우는데 씁니다.
the answers to questions,
생각해 보려합니다.
where you can't learn the answers
생각들이 항상 궁금했습니다.
as a boy, for example:
강아지가 되면 어떤 기분일까?
that it's a He and not a She?
남자라는 사실을 어떻게 확신하지?
끔찍한 일들을 겪어야 하지?
and animals suffer terrible things?
우리가 볼 수 없는 것뿐일까?
and we just can't see it?
그럼 난 누구인거지?
I mean, who am I anyway?
의식이라는 건 뭐지?
What is consciousness?
답이 있을 거라고 생각합니다.
to all these questions.
저를 궁금해하게 만들고 있어요.
puzzle me more now than ever.
그곳에서 무엇을 알게 될지 아무도 알 수 없을 테니까요.
to the edge of knowledge,
on Earth knows the answer to.
mountains and deserts
가만히 응시하곤 합니다.
얼마나 큰지에 대하여 생각해 보곤 하죠.
around how vast our Earth is.
that there's an object we see every day
크기를 가진 것이 있습니다.
one million Earths inside it:
이것은 아주 작은 것에 불과합니다.
of things, it's a pinprick,
in the Milky Way galaxy,
stretched across the sky.
1,000억 개의 은하계들이 있습니다.
detectable by our telescopes.
하나의 크기라고 치면,
of a single grain of sand,
채울 만한 별들을 가지고 있습니다.
stretch of beach
별들을 표현하기에
doesn't have enough beaches
in the overall universe.
정도로 계속될 지라도요.
hundreds of millions of miles.
that is a lot of stars.
now believe in a reality
훨씬 크고 많을 거라고 생각하고 있습니다.
반경에 있는 1000억개의 은하계들은
the 100 billion galaxies
fraction of the total.
at an accelerating pace.
나오는 빛은 아마도 우리에게 영원히 닿지 않을 겁니다.
that light from them may never reach us.
매우 직접적으로 연결되어 있습니다.
to those distant, invisible galaxies.
이라고 생각해 볼 수 있지요.
as part of our universe.
하나의 거대한 조직을 이루고 있고
and all made from the same types of atoms,
이루어져 있습니다. –전자, 양자,
이루고 있는 것과 같이 말이죠.
that make up you and me.
끈이론을 포함해서,
including one called string theory,
있을 것이라고 합니다.
countless other universes
obeying different laws.
생명이 살 수 없고,
could never support life,
나타났다가 사라지고는 합니다.
of existence in a nanosecond.
they make up a vast multiverse
거대한 다중우주를 만들어 냅니다.
in up to 11 dimensions,
beyond our wildest imagination.
predicts a multiverse
예측하고 있습니다.
그 자체의 우주를 가지고 있다면,
had its own universe,
in all those universes each had
있다면, 그리고 이것을
fraction of the total,
조 조 조 조 조 조번째에 말이죠.
trillion trillion trillion trillion
trillion trillion trillion trillionth.
is minuscule compared to another number:
그야말로 무한대이고
continuum is literally infinite
소위 포켓 우주의 속에는
of so-called pocket universes
있다고 생각하고 있습니다.
새로운 주름을 추가할 것입니다.
true beyond all doubt,
여지 없이 사실로 입증 되었다는 겁니다.
못할 것이라고는 생각하지 않습니다.
you can only un-baffle it
of parallel universes
똑같은 존재들을 포함하고 있으며
be very like the world we're in,
비슷한 것이라고 생각한다면 말이죠.
you'd graduate with honors
and in another, not so much.
얘기 할 수 도 있겠군요, 시시해!
who would say, hogwash.
대한 유일한 의미 있는 대답은 하나입니다.
of how many universes there are is one.
and mystics might argue
환상일 것이라고 주장할 수도 있습니다.
사람이 없습니다, 택도 없는 소리죠.
on this question, not even close.
0과 무한대의 사이일 것이라는 거죠.
between zero and infinity.
to be studying physics.
the biggest paradigm shift in knowledge
other planets teeming with life.
어떠한 증거도 찾을 수 없는 것일까요?
1950년에 던졌던 아주 유명한 질문입니다:
asked by Enrico Fermi in 1950:
are visiting all the time
솔직히 말해서, 그들의 주장은 별로 설득력이 없습니다.
the Kepler space observatory
행성들을 발견해 냈습니다.
just around nearby stars.
be half a trillion planets
조건을 갖추고 있다면,
life-harboring planets
지날 때까지 형성되지 않았다.
after the Big Bang.
행성들이 먼저 형성되었을 것이고,
should have formed earlier,
of years earlier than happened on Earth.
had spawned intelligent life
힘이 성장하는 데에는
had millions of years
발전하는 지를 보아왔습니다.
technology can accelerate
an intelligent alien civilization
across the galaxy,
수확할 수 있는 인공물이나
energy-harvesting artifacts
대단한 일들을 했을 것입니다.
that fill the night sky.
they'd be revealing their presence,
전자 신호의 일종이나 다른 것을 통하여
of one kind or another.
확실한 증거를 보지 못하였습니다.
evidence of any of it.
some of them quite dark.
superintelligent civilization
무선침묵 시간을 이용할 것입니다.
피해망상 때문이겠죠.
of any potential competitors.
ready to obliterate
of an intelligence
sophisticated technology
on Earth in four billion years.
오직 한 번, 지구에서 일어났습니다.
첫 번째 문명일 것입니다.
such civilization in our galaxy.
the seeds of its own destruction
the technologies it creates.
해결책들이 많이 있습니다.
more hopeful answers.
거기에 아주 작은 양의 예산을 썼을 뿐입니다.
a pitiful amount of money on it.
of the stars in our galaxy
간주되어져 왔기 때문이죠.
for signs of interesting signals.
보고 있지 못하고 있는 것 같습니다.
the right way.
communication technologies
훨씬 정교하고 쓸모있는,
빠르게 개발해냈습니다.
than electromagnetic waves.
inside the mysterious
발견들을 설명하기 위하여 일어났을 것입니다.
for most of the universe's mass.
바라보고 있는 것이겠지요.
at the wrong scale.
civilizations come to realize
just complex patterns of information
상호작용하고 있는 정보의 복잡한 패턴이며,
in a beautiful way,
것을 깨닫기 시작했을 것입니다.
efficiently at a small scale.
clunky stereo systems have shrunk
maybe intelligent life itself,
가진 그 자체 정도로 줄어들었을지도 모릅니다.,
on the environment,
그 스스로를 아주 작게 바꾸고 있는 것입니다.
우리는 그들을 알아차리지 못할 것입니다.
might be teeming with aliens,
are a form of alien life.
모두 그들 자신의 생명을 가지고 있고,
to have a life all of their own
is just a passing phase.
real spectroscopic information
존재할 수 있는지를 나타내는
그 스펙트럼 정보를 볼 수 있게 될 것 입니다.
how life-friendly they might be.
탐색하기 위한 SETI는
for Extraterrestrial Intelligence,
maybe including you,
to join the search.
참가시킬 수 있도록 할 것입니다.
to create life from scratch,
from the DNA forms we know.
위한 놀라운 일들이 이루어지고 있습니다.
whether the universe is teeming with life
아닌가에 대해 이해하는데
사실, 우리뿐이지만 말이에요.
and ask these questions
사실이 될 수도 있기 때문입니다.
about the universe.
소식이 한 가지 더 있습니다.
of good news for you.
아무리 해도 지치지 않아요.
and understanding never gets dull.
the more amazing the world seems.
더욱 놀라운 세상이 보일 겁니다.
the unanswered questions,
엄청난 가능성 입니다.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED CuratorAfter a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com