Chris Anderson (TED): Questions no one knows the answers to
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
на заучивание ответов на вопросы,
the answers to questions,
нельзя заучить ответ,
where you can't learn the answers
много разных вещей,
as a boy, for example:
каково это — быть собакой?
произошёл случайно?
that it's a He and not a She?
что Бог — мужчина, а не женщина?
и животных страдают?
and animals suffer terrible things?
но скрыто от наших глаз?
and we just can't see it?
Кто я вообще такой?
I mean, who am I anyway?
И что такое сознание?
What is consciousness?
сознание у роботов?
to all these questions.
занимает меня больше, чем когда-либо ещё.
puzzle me more now than ever.
к границам познанного и не знаете,
to the edge of knowledge,
Итак, два вопроса,
on Earth knows the answer to.
никто на свете.
СКОЛЬКО СУЩЕСТВУЕТ ВСЕЛЕННЫХ?
mountains and deserts
как огромна наша планета Земля.
around how vast our Earth is.
что мы видим каждый день,
that there's an object we see every day
вместить в себя миллион Земель.
one million Earths inside it:
Оно кажется невероятно гигантским.
Солнце — булавка,
of things, it's a pinprick,
в Галактике Млечный Путь,
in the Milky Way galaxy,
на ясном ночном небе
stretched across the sky.
с помощью телескопов
detectable by our telescopes.
100 миллиардов галактик.
of a single grain of sand,
stretch of beach
doesn't have enough beaches
во вселенной.
in the overall universe.
растянется на сотни миллионов километров.
hundreds of millions of miles.
звёзд столько, что не счесть.
that is a lot of stars.
now believe in a reality
видимых в телескоп, —
the 100 billion galaxies
fraction of the total.
с возрастающей скоростью.
at an accelerating pace.
так быстро отдаляется от нашей,
достичь нас.
that light from them may never reach us.
на Земле
невидимыми галактиками.
to those distant, invisible galaxies.
как часть нашей вселенной.
as part of our universe.
and all made from the same types of atoms,
состоящее из тех же атомов,
нейтрино — из того же, что и мы.
that make up you and me.
и, прежде всего, теория струн
including one called string theory,
несчётное число вселенных,
countless other universes
с другими свойствами,
obeying different laws.
никогда бы не зародилась жизнь,
could never support life,
и исчезают за наносекунду.
of existence in a nanosecond.
огромную мультивселенную,
they make up a vast multiverse
и имеющую до 11 измерений
in up to 11 dimensions,
которые трудно себе вообразить.
beyond our wildest imagination.
наиболее популярная версия теории струн,
predicts a multiverse
в себя 10 в 500-й степени галактик.
что если бы каждый атом
свою собственную вселенную
had its own universe,
имели бы собственную вселенную,
in all those universes each had
fraction of the total,
триллион, триллион, триллион, триллион...
trillion trillion trillion trillion
trillion trillion trillion trillionth.
is minuscule compared to another number:
что пространство и время бесконечны
continuum is literally infinite
«карманных вселенных»
of so-called pocket universes
вдохнула квантовая теория.
true beyond all doubt,
теория доказана,
с её толкованием,
что истолковать теорию можно,
you can only un-baffle it
параллельных вселенных,
of parallel universes
скорее всего, похожи на наш мир,
be very like the world we're in,
ваших копий.
вы на отлично сдали экзамены
you'd graduate with honors
and in another, not so much.
вам повезло меньше.
что всё это полная чушь.
who would say, hogwash.
на вопрос о числе вселенных
of how many universes there are is one.
and mystics might argue
лишь плод воображения.
нет никакого согласия.
on this question, not even close.
в диапазоне от нуля до бесконечности.
between zero and infinity.
to be studying physics.
the biggest paradigm shift in knowledge
огромного изменения
за всю историю человечества.
СЛЕДЫ ИНОПЛАНЕТНЫХ ЦИВИЛИЗАЦИЙ?
на которых существует жизнь.
other planets teeming with life.
задал Энрико Ферми:
asked by Enrico Fermi in 1950:
что свидетельства контактов с НЛО
are visiting all the time
звучит это не очень убедительно.
телескоп «Кеплер»
the Kepler space observatory
были обнаружены сотни планет.
just around nearby stars.
можно сделать вывод
полтриллиона планет
be half a trillion planets
из каждых 10 000 планет существуют условия
life-harboring planets
может быть
Наша планета Земля
после Большого взрыва.
after the Big Bang.
в нашей галактике, по-видимому,
should have formed earlier,
На них, возможно, зародилась жизнь
за много миллионов лет
of years earlier than happened on Earth.
и зародилась разумная жизнь
had spawned intelligent life
имелись бы миллионы лет
had millions of years
развитие технологий
technology can accelerate
разумным внеземным цивилизациям
an intelligent alien civilization
за пределы галактики,
across the galaxy,
мощнейших потоков энергии
energy-harvesting artifacts
эскадрам летательных аппаратов,
that fill the night sky.
что инопланетянам
they'd be revealing their presence,
дать о себе знать
или другие излучения?
of one kind or another.
убедительных доказательств.
evidence of any of it.
some of them quite dark.
«сверхразумная» цивилизация,
superintelligent civilization
установившая режим «радиомолчания»,
потенциальные противники?
of any potential competitors.
ready to obliterate
of an intelligence
хитроумные технологии,
sophisticated technology
чем мы предполагаем?
on Earth in four billion years.
раз в миллиард лет.
в нашей галактике?
such civilization in our galaxy.
the seeds of its own destruction
развитие создаваемых ею технологий?
the technologies it creates.
more hopeful answers.
по разуму и деньги тратим смешные.
a pitiful amount of money on it.
of the stars in our galaxy
любопытных сигналов.
for signs of interesting signals.
the right way.
communication technologies
электромагнитных волн?
than electromagnetic waves.
inside the mysterious
за бо́льшую долю массы вселенной?
for most of the universe's mass.
at the wrong scale.
civilizations come to realize
just complex patterns of information
in a beautiful way,
в меньших масштабах?
efficiently at a small scale.
clunky stereo systems have shrunk
maybe intelligent life itself,
on the environment,
микроскопической, чтобы не вредить среде?
которых мы попросту не замечаем?
might be teeming with aliens,
это формы внеземной жизни?
are a form of alien life.
живут собственной жизнью
to have a life all of their own
лишь промежуточная фаза.
is just a passing phase.
real spectroscopic information
возможна ли на них жизнь.
how life-friendly they might be.
по поиску внеземных цивилизаций
for Extraterrestrial Intelligence,
maybe including you,
и вы тоже,
to join the search.
необычные эксперименты
to create life from scratch,
from the DNA forms we know.
на известной нам ДНК.
whether the universe is teeming with life
and ask these questions
и задавать себе такие вопросы
о нашей вселенной.
about the universe.
хорошие новости.
of good news for you.
просто не может наскучить.
and understanding never gets dull.
the more amazing the world seems.
тем удивительнее вам покажется мир.
эти самые неотвеченные вопросы —
the unanswered questions,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED CuratorAfter a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com