Chris Anderson (TED): Questions no one knows the answers to
Jautājumi, uz kuriem neviens nezina atbildi (pilnā versija)
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
the answers to questions,
mācoties atbildes uz jautājumiem,
kuru atbildes nevar iemācīties,
where you can't learn the answers
mēdzu lauzīt galvu,
as a boy, for example:
bija tikai nejaušība?
that it's a He and not a She?
ka tas ir Viņš un nevis Viņa?
un dzīvnieku piedzīvo šausmīgas lietas?
and animals suffer terrible things?
bet mēs to vienkārši neredzam?
and we just can't see it?
I mean, who am I anyway?
Vai esmu vien bioloģiska mašīna?
Kas ir apziņa?
What is consciousness?
uz visiem šiem jautājumiem.
to all these questions.
es tagad lauzu galvu kā nekad agrāk.
puzzle me more now than ever.
to the edge of knowledge,
ko tur izdosies atrast.
on Earth knows the answer to.
nezina atbildes.
mountains and deserts
kalniem un tuksnešiem
cik milzīga ir mūsu Zeme.
around how vast our Earth is.
ko redzam ik dienas,
that there's an object we see every day
viens miljons Zemju —
one million Earths inside it:
tā ir vien kniepadata,
of things, it's a pinprick,
Piena Ceļa galaktikā,
in the Milky Way galaxy,
kas stiepjas pāri debesīm.
stretched across the sky.
100 miljardi galaktiku,
detectable by our telescopes.
of a single grain of sand,
būtu smilšu graudiņa lielumā,
stretch of beach
lielu pludmales daļu
nav gana daudz pludmaļu,
doesn't have enough beaches
in the overall universe.
burtiski miljardiem kilometru garumā.
hundreds of millions of miles.
tas nu gan ir daudz zvaigžņu!
that is a lot of stars.
ka pastāv realitāte,
now believe in a reality
daudz reižu lielāka.
the 100 billion galaxies
mūsu teleskopu uztveršanas zonā,
fraction of the total.
at an accelerating pace.
varētu līdz mums tā arī nenonākt.
that light from them may never reach us.
šeit, uz Zemes,
neredzamajām galaktikām.
to those distant, invisible galaxies.
par daļu mūsu Visuma.
as part of our universe.
and all made from the same types of atoms,
elektroniem, protoniem, kvarkiem, neitroniem
that make up you and me.
tostarp stīgu teorija,
including one called string theory,
pastāv bezgala daudz citu visumu,
countless other universes
un kas pakļaujas citādiem likumiem.
obeying different laws.
nekad nevarētu pastāvēt dzīvība,
could never support life,
nanosekundes laikā.
of existence in a nanosecond.
they make up a vast multiverse
kurā ir līdz pat 11 dimensijām
in up to 11 dimensions,
beyond our wildest imagination.
iztēloties pat savos pārdrošākajos sapņos!
predicts a multiverse
būtu pašam savs visums
had its own universe,
arī būtu pašam savs visums,
in all those universes each had
fraction of the total,
vien sīku daļiņu no kopsummas,
trillion trillion trillion trillion
trillion trillion trillion trillionth.
is minuscule compared to another number:
salīdzinājumā ar citu skaitli:
continuum is literally infinite
ir burtiski bezgalīga
tā dēvēto kabatas visumu
of so-called pocket universes
vēl vienu kroku.
true beyond all doubt,
you can only un-baffle it
ka to var padarīt saprotamu,
of parallel universes
veidojas liels daudzums visumu,
ir ļoti līdzīgi mūsu pašu pasaulei
be very like the world we're in,
you'd graduate with honors
tu pabeidz universitāti ar izcilību
and in another, not so much.
who would say, hogwash.
„Pupu mizas!”
cik visumu pastāv, ir — viens.
of how many universes there are is one.
and mystics might argue
iespējams, apgalvotu,
on this question, not even close.
ne tuvu nav vienprātības.
kaut kur starp nulli un bezgalību.
between zero and infinity.
lai mācītos fiziku.
to be studying physics.
the biggest paradigm shift in knowledge
uz lielāko paradigmu maiņu zināšanās,
dzīvībai uz citām planētām?]
kas pilnas dzīvības.
other planets teeming with life.
kas to apliecinātu?
asked by Enrico Fermi in 1950:
ko 1950. gadā uzdeva Enriko Fermi:
are visiting all the time
ka NLO mūs apciemo visu laiku
bet, godīgi sakot,
the Kepler space observatory
ap tuvākajām zvaigznēm vien.
just around nearby stars.
be half a trillion planets
uz kurām iespējama dzīvība,
life-harboring planets
9 miljardus gadu pēc Lielā sprādziena.
after the Big Bang.
vajadzēja izveidoties agrāk
should have formed earlier,
of years earlier than happened on Earth.
gadu agrāk,
had spawned intelligent life
saprātīgas dzīvības formas un tehnoloģijas,
had millions of years
būtu bijuši miljoniem gadu,
cik ļoti var attīstīties tehnoloģijas
technology can accelerate
an intelligent alien civilization
saprātīga citplanētas civilizācija
across the galaxy,
izplatīties visā galaktikā,
enerģijas iegūšanai
energy-harvesting artifacts
naksnīgajās debesīs.
that fill the night sky.
vismaz atklātu savu klātesamību,
they'd be revealing their presence,
elektromagnētiskajiem signāliem.
of one kind or another.
neviena pārliecinoša pierādījuma.
evidence of any of it.
some of them quite dark.
superintelligent civilization
un ieviesusi stingru radio klusumu,
of any potential competitors.
no iespējamajiem sāncenšiem.
ready to obliterate
tāda saprāta attīstība,
of an intelligence
sophisticated technology
nekā esam iedomājušies.
on Earth in four billion years.
tikai vienu reizi 4 miljardos gadu.
šāda veida civilizācija mūsu galaktikā?
such civilization in our galaxy.
the seeds of its own destruction
sevis pašas iznīcības sēklu —
pašas radītās tehnoloģijas,
the technologies it creates.
more hopeful answers.
un veltām tam smieklīgu naudas daudzumu.
a pitiful amount of money on it.
no mūsu galaktikas zvaigznēm,
of the stars in our galaxy
for signs of interesting signals.
kādu interesantu signālu pēdas.
the right way.
communication technologies
than electromagnetic waves.
nekā elektromagnētiskie viļņi.
inside the mysterious
noslēpumainajā tumšajā matērijā
lielāko daļu Visuma masas.
for most of the universe's mass.
nepareizajā mērogā.
at the wrong scale.
civilizations come to realize
ir sapratušas, ka dzīvība
just complex patterns of information
in a beautiful way,
mijiedarbojas viens ar otru,
efficiently at a small scale.
kantaini mūzikas atskaņotāji
clunky stereo systems have shrunk
varbūt arī saprātīgā dzīvība
maybe intelligent life itself,
on the environment,
lai samazinātu savu ietekmi uz vidi.
might be teeming with aliens,
mudž no citplanētiešiem,
ir citplanētiešu dzīvības forma.
are a form of alien life.
šķietami ir pašām sava dzīve
to have a life all of their own
ir tikai starpposms?
is just a passing phase.
real spectroscopic information
īstu spektroskopisku informāciju
cik dzīvībai draudzīgas tās patiesībā ir.
how life-friendly they might be.
for Extraterrestrial Intelligence,
Ārpuszemes saprāta meklēšanas institūts,
maybe including you,
varbūt arī tu,
to join the search.
lai no nulles radītu dzīvību —
to create life from scratch,
from the DNA forms we know.
no mums zināmajām DNS formām.
whether the universe is teeming with life
and ask these questions
un uzdodam šos jautājumus,
faktiem par Visumu.
about the universe.
of good news for you.
and understanding never gets dull.
nekad nekļūst garlaicīgi, nekad!
the more amazing the world seems.
jo apbrīnojamāka šķiet pasaule.
the unanswered questions,
un neatbildētie jautājumi,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED CuratorAfter a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com