Chris Anderson (TED): Questions no one knows the answers to
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
the answers to questions,
花在學習問題的解答上
學到答案的問題上
where you can't learn the answers
as a boy, for example:
that it's a He and not a She?
祂是男生而非女生呢?
and animals suffer terrible things?
遭受到悲慘的事情?
and we just can't see it?
而我們不過無從得知而已
I mean, who am I anyway?
我是指我到底是誰呢?
意識又是什麼東西呢?
What is consciousness?
to all these questions.
puzzle me more now than ever.
因為它會帶你到知識的盡頭
to the edge of knowledge,
知道答案的問題來做開端吧!
on Earth knows the answer to.
mountains and deserts
around how vast our Earth is.
that there's an object we see every day
都看得到的東西
one million Earths inside it:
of things, it's a pinprick,
in the Milky Way galaxy,
stretched across the sky.
我們的天文望遠鏡所探測到的
detectable by our telescopes.
一粒沙子的大小的話
of a single grain of sand,
stretch of beach
doesn't have enough beaches
in the overall universe.
hundreds of millions of miles.
這可是超級多的星星啊
that is a lot of stars.
now believe in a reality
the 100 billion galaxies
fraction of the total.
at an accelerating pace.
that light from them may never reach us.
to those distant, invisible galaxies.
見不著的星系有關聯
我們的宇宙的一部分
as part of our universe.
而且全部都是由與構成了你和我
and all made from the same types of atoms,
that make up you and me.
垮克、中子所組成
including one called string theory,
無以計數由不同粒子、
countless other universes
遵循不同法則的其他宇宙存在
obeying different laws.
could never support life,
of existence in a nanosecond.
可能多達11次元空間的巨大多元宇宙
they make up a vast multiverse
in up to 11 dimensions,
beyond our wildest imagination.
500 次方個宇宙構成一個多元宇宙
predicts a multiverse
每粒原子都有自己的宇宙
had its own universe,
各自有自己的宇宙
in all those universes each had
fraction of the total,
trillion trillion trillion trillion
trillion trillion trillion trillionth.
相比還是微不足道:無窮
is minuscule compared to another number:
continuum is literally infinite
連續體確實就是無窮大
of so-called pocket universes
名喚"自成一格之宇宙"的東西
true beyond all doubt,
質疑聲中被證實為真了
you can only un-baffle it
在每個時點又誕生了出來
of parallel universes
非常類似於我們所在的世界
be very like the world we're in,
這樣你才可能不搞混
you'd graduate with honors
and in another, not so much.
會說這是一派胡言
who would say, hogwash.
只有一個有意義的答案
of how many universes there are is one.
and mystics might argue
對於這個問題現在仍沒有一個共識
on this question, not even close.
between zero and infinity.
介於零到無窮之間
to be studying physics.
the biggest paradigm shift in knowledge
知識上最大的思維方式轉變
other planets teeming with life.
提問了這個著名的問題:
asked by Enrico Fermi in 1950:
亦即「幽浮」不時光臨到地球
are visiting all the time
不過老實講他們也不是很有說服力啦
又在一些恆星週邊發現了數以百計的行星
the Kepler space observatory
just around nearby stars.
be half a trillion planets
有 5000 億顆的行星
有著能供養某型態生命的條件
life-harboring planets
可能蘊藏生命體的行星
之後才開始形成
after the Big Bang.
應該形成於更早之前
should have formed earlier,
數十億年或數千萬年
of years earlier than happened on Earth.
had spawned intelligent life
had millions of years
突然間單單在一百年內加速發展
technology can accelerate
an intelligent alien civilization
across the galaxy,
energy-harvesting artifacts
that fill the night sky.
they'd be revealing their presence,
或是其他方式顯露出它們的存在
of one kind or another.
evidence of any of it.
some of them quite dark.
superintelligent civilization
而且實施嚴格的電波靜音
of any potential competitors.
會變成威脅的任何東西
ready to obliterate
of an intelligence
sophisticated technology
on Earth in four billion years.
就是在地球上
such civilization in our galaxy.
the seeds of its own destruction
the technologies it creates.
more hopeful answers.
我們現在只花極少的金錢在這上頭
a pitiful amount of money on it.
of the stars in our galaxy
for signs of interesting signals.
值得玩味之訊號的跡象
the right way.
communication technologies
更精密、更有用的通訊科技
than electromagnetic waves.
inside the mysterious
for most of the universe's mass.
at the wrong scale.
civilizations come to realize
只用美妙的方式
just complex patterns of information
in a beautiful way,
efficiently at a small scale.
clunky stereo systems have shrunk
maybe intelligent life itself,
留下的足跡已經將自己變得微不可察
on the environment,
might be teeming with aliens,
我們就只是無法察覺到它們而已
一種外星生命的形式
are a form of alien life.
說想法似乎全都有各自的生命
to have a life all of their own
is just a passing phase.
來自有良機的鄰近行星之真實光譜資料
real spectroscopic information
how life-friendly they might be.
for Extraterrestrial Intelligence,
maybe including you,
數百萬平民科學家
to join the search.
創造出生命的神奇實驗
to create life from scratch,
from the DNA forms we know.
DNA 型式非常不一樣
whether the universe is teeming with life
and ask these questions
about the universe.
of good news for you.
and understanding never gets dull.
the more amazing the world seems.
這個世界就似乎越神奇
the unanswered questions,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Chris Anderson - TED CuratorAfter a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com