Mariano Sigman and Dan Ariely: How can groups make good decisions?
Mariano Sigman en Dan Ariely: Hoe kunnen groepen goede beslissingen nemen?
In his provocative, mind-bending book "The Secret Life of the Mind," neuroscientist Mariano Sigman reveals his life’s work exploring the inner workings of the human brain. Full bioDan Ariely - Behavioral economist
The dismal science of economics is not as firmly grounded in actual behavior as was once supposed. In "Predictably Irrational," Dan Ariely told us why. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
collectieve beslissingen
collective decisions
dat collective beslissingen
we make decisions in groups,
goede beslissingen nemen?
when there's independent thinking.
wanneer er onafhankelijk nagedacht wordt.
can be destroyed by peer pressure,
vernietigd worden door groepsdruk,
that influence how people think.
die iemands denken beïnvloeden.
a group could exchange knowledge,
door te praten kennis uitwisselen,
help or hinder collective decision-making?
bij het nemen van groepsbeslissingen?
ben ik onlangs begonnen dit te onderzoeken
by performing experiments
over de hele wereld
tot betere beslissingen kunnen komen.
to reach better decisions.
als ze in kleine groepjes debatteerden
if they debated in small groups
and reasonable exchange of information.
uitwisseling van informatie.
in Buenos Aires, Argentinië,
in Buenos Aires, Argentina,
participants in a TEDx event.
aan een TEDx evenement.
does the word 'Yesterday' appear
zijn of haar schatting neer.
into groups of five,
in groepjes van vijf
een antwoord als groep te geven.
to come up with a group answer.
van de antwoorden van de groepjes
the answers of the groups
all the individual opinions
van al de individuele schattingen
with others in small groups,
in kleinere groepjes
come up with better judgments.
juistere oordelen vellen.
for getting crowds to solve problems
om groepen te helpen bij problemen
juist-of-fout-antwoord.
the results of debates in small groups
van overleg in kleine groepjes
on social and political issues
rond sociale en politieke zaken
at the TED conference
to you two moral dilemmas
twee morele dilemma's voor
in de nabije toekomst moeten beslissen.
in a very near future.
for each of these dilemmas
dat het acceptabel is of niet.
they're acceptable or not.
is working on an AI
die menselijke gedachten kan produceren.
aan het eind van elke dag
at the end of each day,
do not restart me."
"Herstart me alsjeblieft niet."
een zelfbewustzijn heeft ontwikkeld
has developed self-consciousness
decides to follow the protocol
het protocol uit te voeren
to individually judge
individueel te beoordelen
in each of the dilemmas
they were on their answers.
hoe zeker ze waren van hun antwoorden.
that takes a fertilized egg
een bevrucht eitje te nemen
with slight genetic variations.
met lichte genetische variaties.
to select their child's height,
gerelateerde eigenschappen kiezen.
to completely unacceptable,
tot volledig onacceptabel
in your confidence.
that when one person is convinced
dat wanneer iemand ervan overtuigd is
that it's completely right.
het juist helemaal goed vindt.
when it comes to morality.
als het gaat om moraliteit.
we found a trend.
in die verscheidenheid.
thought that it was acceptable
vond het acceptabel
en het uit te schakelen
and shut it down,
to play with our genes
met onze genen te spelen
die niets te maken hebben met gezondheid.
that aren't related to health.
groepjes van drie personen te vormen.
to gather into groups of three.
with the gong.
een consensus bereikt hadden,
reached a consensus
with completely opposite views.
volledig uiteenlopende visies.
that reached a consensus
met consensus dan
extreme opinions
in hun antwoorden.
closer to the middle
something is right or wrong,
somewhere in the middle.
ergens in het midden antwoorden.
are folks who understand
zelfzekere grijzerds díe mensen
argumenten iets hebben.
that the moral dilemma faces
dat het morele dilemma
argumenten confronteert.
that include highly confident grays
met zelfzekere grijzerds
to understand why and how
om te begrijpen hoe en waarom
their moral standings
over hun morele standpunt
dat het gewoon het gemiddelde
is that it's just the average
weighs the strength of each vote
een gewicht geeft aan elke stem
of the person expressing it.
van de persoon erachter.
is a member of your group.
een lid van jouw groep is.
'Yesterday' herhaald wordt --
"Yesterday" is repeated,
in different experiments --
in verschillende experimenten,
and statistically sound procedure
van een slim, statistisch concept,
of the Eiffel Tower,
of 300 million meters.
van 300 miljoen meter.
would inaccurately skew the results.
zou het resultaat scheeftrekken.
where the group largely ignores
negeert de groep grotendeels
to the vote of the people in the middle.
aan de stemmen in het midden.
to the outliers,
aan de uitschieters
turned out to be a robust average
met het robuuste gemiddelde
behavior of the group.
any hint on how to reach consensus.
dat we hen een hint moesten geven.
but we already have some insights.
maar we hebben al wel wat inzicht.
require two components:
vereisen twee componenten:
make our voice heard in many societies
laten horen in de maatschappij,
kan laten horen.
thoughtful debates.
voor bedachtzame debatten.
een andere methode
these two goals at the same time,
that converge to a single decision
die samen tot één besluit komen,
diversity of opinions
aan meningen behoudt
on the height of the Eiffel Tower
om het eens te zijn over de Eiffeltoren
en ideologische kwesties.
and ideological issues.
the world's problems are more complex
wereldproblemen zo complex zijn
how we interact and make decisions
hoe we met elkaar om moeten gaan
to construct a better democracy.
tot een betere democratie leiden.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Mariano Sigman - NeuroscientistIn his provocative, mind-bending book "The Secret Life of the Mind," neuroscientist Mariano Sigman reveals his life’s work exploring the inner workings of the human brain.
Why you should listen
Mariano Sigman, a physicist by training, is a leading figure in the cognitive neuroscience of learning and decision making. Sigman was awarded a Human Frontiers Career Development Award, the National Prize of Physics, the Young Investigator Prize of "College de France," the IBM Scalable Data Analytics Award and is a scholar of the James S. McDonnell Foundation. In 2016 he was made a Laureate of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences.
In The Secret Life of the Mind, Sigman's ambition is to explain the mind so that we can understand ourselves and others more deeply. He shows how we form ideas during our first days of life, how we give shape to our fundamental decisions, how we dream and imagine, why we feel certain emotions, how the brain transforms and how who we are changes with it. Spanning biology, physics, mathematics, psychology, anthropology, linguistics, philosophy and medicine, as well as gastronomy, magic, music, chess, literature and art, The Secret Life of the Mind revolutionizes how neuroscience serves us in our lives, revealing how the infinity of neurons inside our brains manufacture how we perceive, reason, feel, dream and communicate.
Mariano Sigman | Speaker | TED.com
Dan Ariely - Behavioral economist
The dismal science of economics is not as firmly grounded in actual behavior as was once supposed. In "Predictably Irrational," Dan Ariely told us why.
Why you should listen
Dan Ariely is a professor of psychology and behavioral economics at Duke University and a founding member of the Center for Advanced Hindsight. He is the author of the bestsellers Predictably Irrational, The Upside of Irrationality, and The Honest Truth About Dishonesty -- as well as the TED Book Payoff: The Hidden Logic that Shapes Our Motivations.
Through his research and his (often amusing and unorthodox) experiments, he questions the forces that influence human behavior and the irrational ways in which we often all behave.
Dan Ariely | Speaker | TED.com