Jack Dorsey: How Twitter needs to change
Jack Dorsey: Como o Twitter precisa de mudar
Jack Dorsey is the CEO of Twitter, CEO & Chairman of Square, and a cofounder of both. Full bioChris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bioWhitney Pennington Rodgers - TED Current Affairs Curator
Whitney Pennington Rodgers is an award-winning journalist and media professional. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
What worries you right now?
O que te preocupa agora?
de muitos dos problemas do Twitter.
about lots of issues on Twitter.
the health of the conversation.
é a saúde das conversas.
the public conversation,
das conversas públicas
a number of attacks on it.
misinformation.
desinformação.
that we were not expecting
starting the company.
is just our ability to address it
capacidade de as abordar
que seja expansível,
of how we're taking action,
de como estamos a agir,
of how we're taking action
de como estamos a agir
for when we're wrong,
para quando errarmos
I'm really glad to hear
Fico feliz por ouvir
a lot written about people
e intimidadas no Twitter
and harassed on Twitter,
than women and women of color
a report a few months ago
um relatório há uns meses
of active black female Twitter users
de utilizadoras negras ativas do Twitter
one in 10 of their tweets
qualquer tipo de intimidação.
for the community on Twitter,
da comunidade no Twitter,
"health for everyone,"
tornar o Twitter um espaço seguro
to make Twitter a safe space
e para as mulheres de cor?
for women of color and black women?
something about the world,
aprender algo sobre o mundo
reporting abuse, receiving abuse,
a denunciar insultos, a receber insultos,
is just the incentives
com mais atenção são os incentivos
and the service provides.
e os serviços que providencia.
makes it super-easy to harass
com que seja muito fácil intimidar
of our system in the past
do nosso sistema no passado
reporting harassment and abuse.
as intimidações e insultos.
we decided that we were going to apply
decidimos que íamos utilizar
a lot more deep learning to the problem,
de aprendizagem de máquinas
around where abuse is happening,
quando os insultos acontecem,
off the victim completely.
o peso de cima da vítima.
are now proactively identified
são agora identificados proativamente
have to report them.
are still reviewed by humans,
ainda são revistos por pessoas,
without a human actually reviewing it.
sem a revisão de um ser humano.
just a year ago.
had to actually report it,
tinha de os reportar,
a lot of work for us
e nos dava muito trabalho
is making sure that we, as a company,
que nós, como empresa,
that we're trying to serve.
que estamos a tentar servir.
um negócio de sucesso
that is successful
of perspective inside of our walls
de perspetivas dentro da nossa casa
every single day.
todos os dias.
that's doing the work,
que está a fazer o trabalho
for what people are experiencing
com o que as pessoas estão a experimentar
para agirem
a much better and easier approach
uma abordagem melhor e mais fácil
that they're seeing.
que estão a ver.
is around technology,
está ligado à tecnologia
the incentives on the service:
para os incentivos do serviço:
when you first open it up?
a fazer quando o abrem?
it's incented a lot of mob behavior,
incentivou muita violência de grupo,
at some of the fundamentals
para alguns dos princípios
to make the bigger shifts.
para conseguir mudanças maiores.
around technology, as I just described,
a nível tecnológico, como já descrevi,
at the dynamics in the network itself,
para a dinâmica da rede em si
that you might be able to change
que vão conseguir mudar
fundamentally shift behavior?
de comportamento fundamental?
with this concept of following an account,
de seguir uma conta,
people actually come to Twitter.
que as pessoas usam o Twitter.
as an interest-based network.
uma rede social baseada em interesses.
com um determinado interesse.
to find and follow the related accounts
is allow you to follow an interest,
é permitir seguir um interesse,
to show all of the accounts,
de mostrar todas as contas,
all the hashtags
todas as "hashtags"
particular topic and interest,
ou interesse em particular,
the perspective that you see.
away from just an account bias
deixe de estar ligada às contas
a tópicos e interesses.
vocês têm tanto conteúdo
so much content on there
of people around the world
de pessoas do mundo inteiro
contest with each other
uns contra os outros
para conquistar atenção?
of people who just read Twitter,
que só leem o Twitter,
everyone's out there saying,
a few more 'likes,' followers, retweets."
mais seguidores, mais 'retweets'."
is that the number one path to do that
principal para isso
eloquentemente detestável.
são um sonho no Twitter,
are a dream on Twitter,
process of driving outrage.
de autoalimentação da indignação.
we made in the early days was
que nos seguiam.
how many people follow you.
should be big and bold,
devia ser grande e destacado
that's big and bold has importance,
e destacado na página. é importante,
that you want to drive.
ao número de seguidores.
the follower count as much.
the "like" count as much.
create "like" in the first place,
to be the most important thing,
back to the network
that we thought of 13 years ago,
important right now.
que são muito importantes.
how we display the follower count,
o número de seguidores,
that we want people to drive up?
a que queremos dar ênfase?
when you open Twitter,
quando abrimos o Twitter:
I need to increase?"
that's the case right now.
seja esse o caso.
some of the tweets
in from the audience as well.
of the amazing things about Twitter
do Twitter
a opinião de um grupo,
more questions, more points of view
mais pontos de vista
are really healthy.
passed already quickly down here,
rapidamente por aqui:
foreign meddling in the 2020 US election?"
estrangeira nas eleições de 2020?"
that's an issue we're seeing
automated activity happening.
maliciosa.
in fact, we have some work
at Zignal Labs,
to give us an example
um exemplo do que estou a falar,
automatizada maliciosa
malicious account activity,
things like elections.
para influenciar coisas como eleições.
from Zignal which they've shared with us
que eles partilharam connosco
they have from Twitter,
human accounts, each dot is an account.
- contas humanas, cada ponto é uma conta.
a few humans interacting with bots.
a interagir com "bots".
to the election in Israel
com as eleições em Israel
about Benny Gantz,
acerca de Benny Gantz.
that was an election
foram ganhas por Netanyahu
in some case influenced by this.
nalguns casos, por isso.
that happening on Twitter,
a acontecer no Twitter,
that you're doing, specifically,
especificamente,
like this spreading in this way,
não se espalhe assim,
that could affect democracy?
que afetam a democracia?
the health of a conversation,
that you have indicators
in terms of are we healthy or not,
para ver se estamos saudáveis ou não
the flushness of your face,
the indicators of conversational health.
indicadores da saúde das conversas.
called Cortico at MIT
chamado Cortico no MIT
measure on the system.
fazer medições no sistema.
what we're calling shared attention.
"atenção partilhada".
of the conversation is attentive
e não se dispersa.
of the conversation
are truthful or not,
são verdadeiros ou não
the same facts as we converse?
factos nas conversas.
is receptive or civil
is variety of perspective.
or echo chambers,
ou câmaras de eco,
a variety of opinions
uma variedade de opiniões
is the understanding that,
a conversa torna-se mais saudável.
gets healthier and healthier.
if we can measure these online,
é tentar medi-los "online",
around receptivity.
da recetividade.
a toxicity model, on our system
e um modelo de toxicidade, no sistema,
whether you are likely to walk away
que alguém se afaste
that you're having on Twitter
trend over time
se comportam ao longo do tempo
that these are balanced,
que estão equilibradas
you might decrease another.
poderemos diminuir a outra.
de perspetiva,
shared reality.
a realidade partilhada.
of the questions flooding in here.
que estão a chegar em massa...
of Nazis from Twitter?
eliminar os nazis do Twitter?
around violent extremist groups,
a grupos extremistas violentos
and our terms of service
e das nossas condições de funcionamento
harass someone,
ou de forma pontual,
that we act on immediately.
contra estas coisas.
where that term is used fairly loosely,
em que esse termo é usado de forma vaga
any one mention of that word
qualquer pessoa
para acusar outra pessoa
should be removed from the platform.
de que devem ser retirados da plataforma.
are based around, number one:
são baseados em, número um:
with a violent extremist group?
a um grupo extremista violento?
and the American Nazi Party and others.
o Partido Nazi Americano e outros.
imagery or conduct
imagens ou conduta
working on content moderation
na moderação de conteúdos, para ver isso?
that we're, number one,
de que estamos, número um,
hiring massive amounts of people,
em vez de contratar imensas pessoas
that this is scalable,
que podemos alargar isso
that can actually scale this.
que consiga alargar isso.
around proactive detection of abuse
à volta da deteção proativa de insultos
constantemente a filtrar cada "tweet"
scouring every single tweet
interesting ones to the top
to whether we should take action or not,
se devemos agir ou não,
of people that are scalable,
que possa aumentar
monitoring these accounts,
a monitorizar essas contas
quando esse número é suficiente?
with abuse and harassment.
a insultos e intimidação.
we have flexibility in our people
quanto às pessoas que temos
at what is most needed.
para onde são precisas.
in Mexico, one coming up in India,
the midterm election,
as eleições intercalares
with our resources.
com os recursos.
to our current terms of service
aos nossos termos de serviço atuais
and harassment that you just received
ou intimidações que receberem,
our terms of service to report it,
de serviço, para o denunciarem,
when you open that page
ao abrir a página
property protection.
da propriedade intelectual.
abuse, harassment
dos insultos, da intimidação
that you might be experiencing.
over the company's history,
no decorrer da história da empresa
the thing that people want
do que as pessoas querem
and to actually act on.
e mais capacidade de ação.
what we believed was important.
o que acreditamos ser mais importante.
so that they're human-readable
as regras para que sejam compreensíveis
understand themselves
and when something is not.
aos nossos termos e quando não é.
the burden of work from the victims.
do trabalho de cima das vítimas.
towards technology,
having to review that work.
that's super, super negative,
between the technology
entre a tecnologia
podem ser criativos
of finding and reporting them.
de encontrar e denunciar.
about what you said.
o que acabaste de dizer.
you are looking for ways
que estão à procura de formas
design of the system
behavior, and perhaps --
comportamento reativo
de Tristan Harris -
mais reflexivo das pessoas.
to that "like" button be?
ao botão do "like"?
is that I believe fundamentally
é que acredito fundamentalmente
facing the world
not any one particular nation-state,
não só por um estado-nação,
dynamics of Twitter,
completamente fluido
and participate in it.
e participar nelas.
like climate change.
like the displacement in the work
a deslocalização do trabalho
like economic disparity.
a disparidade económica.
do que um estado-nação faz,
to solve the problem alone.
o problema sozinhos.
Twitter can play a part.
pode desempenhar um papel.
right now, when you go to it,
quando vamos ao Twitter
feeling like you learned something.
que aprendemos alguma coisa.
a very, very rich network,
uma rede muito rica,
that they learn from every single day.
na qual aprendem todos os dias.
and a lot of time to build up to that.
e muito tempo para construir isso.
to those topics and those interests
nesses tópicos e nesses interesses
they're finding something that,
a encontrar qualquer coisa
que estão no Twitter
they spend on Twitter --
the time on Twitter,
o tempo no Twitter,
what they actually take away from it
o que as pessoas tiram dele
that a lot of people want to know.
que muitas pessoas querem saber.
to a huge extent,
em grande medida
is from advertising --
é através de publicidade,
do envolvimento do utilizador.
user time, if need be,
dos utilizadores, se necessário,
uma conversa mais reflexiva?
less time on the service,
menos tempo no serviço
that, like, you're coming to Twitter,
que chegam ao Twitter,
that you learn from and that you push.
que aprendem e que passam.
any more time to see more.
mais tempo para ver mais.
daily active usage,
utilização ativa diária,
that doesn't necessarily mean things
não significa necessariamente
valorizem todos os dias.
like a moth to the flame, every day.
como a luz atrai a traça, todos os dias.
something that pisses us off,
algo que nos irrita,
uns com os outros.
dangerous term to be optimizing.
muito perigoso para otimizar.
finish the other metric,
a outra métrica
healthy contribution back to the network,
saudáveis de novo na rede
is actually participating in conversation
participar numa conversa
I articulated earlier.
que mencionei antes.
around one metric.
à volta de uma só métrica.
e olhar constantemente
a healthy contribution to the network
saudável para a rede
para as pessoas.
"Hey, I learned something from Twitter,
e levo comigo algo valioso."
with something valuable."
I think to me, as this enigma.
veem isso como um enigma.
but I woke up the other night
mas acordei uma noite
thinking about you and the situation,
sobre ti e sobre esta situação.
on this ship called the "Twittanic" --
num barco chamado "Twittanic"...
tu dizias:
listen to me, I want to hear."
ouçam-me, eu quero ouvir."
"We're worried about the iceberg ahead."
com o icebergue ali à frente."
that is a powerful point,
hasn't been built properly
adequadamente
e nós ficamos à espera,
this extraordinary calm,
esta calma extraordinária
saying, "Jack, turn the fucking wheel!"
"Jack, gira a porra do leme!"
It's our world at stake.
É o nosso mundo em risco.
of the other platforms,
usam-no para definir um programa,
to set the agenda,
important role in the world than to ...
mais importante no mundo.
of listening, Jack, and hearing people,
a ouvir as pessoas, Jack,
and move on this stuff --
moving substantially.
substancialmente.
a few dynamics in Twitter's history.
na história do Twitter.
in terms of our future,
em termos do nosso futuro
were using the platform,
estavam a usar a plataforma
à narrativa corporativa.
a bunch of the foundation,
reduções de pessoal
for what we were doing,
para o que estávamos a fazer
the public conversation.
a conversa pública.
with the fundamentals.
com os princípios.
to address what you're talking about,
superficiais para tratar do que falaste
to what we started 13 years ago
ao que iniciámos há 13 anos
and how the framework works
e como o enquadramento funciona
and how people are using it.
e como as pessoas estão a usá-lo.
but quickness will not get the job done.
que vai fazer o trabalho.
o estabelecimento de prioridades,
the fundamentals of the network
que possa crescer
and being transparent about where are
transparente sobre onde estamos
that we've put in place.
que implementámos.
of stupid stuff we were doing in the past.
de coisas parvas que fizemos no passado.
who, if given the chance,
que, se pudessem,
on this change-making agenda you're on,
de mudanças em que estás
and speaking so openly.
e falares tão abertamente.
and good luck with your mission.
e boa sorte com a tua missão.
Thanks for having me.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Jack Dorsey - Entrepreneur, programmerJack Dorsey is the CEO of Twitter, CEO & Chairman of Square, and a cofounder of both.
Why you should listen
More profile about the speaker
Jack Dorsey | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com
Whitney Pennington Rodgers - TED Current Affairs Curator
Whitney Pennington Rodgers is an award-winning journalist and media professional.
Why you should listen
Prior to joining TED as current affairs curator, Whitney Pennington Rodgers produced for NBC's primetime news magazine Dateline NBC. She earned a duPont-Columbia award and a News & Documentary Emmy or her contributions to the Dateline NBC hour "The Cosby Accusers Speak" -- an extensive group interview with 27 of the women who accused entertainer Bill Cosby of sexual misconduct.
Pennington Rodgers has worked at NBC's in-house production company Peacock Productions, The Today Show, Nightly News, Rock Center with Brian Williams and New Jersey-centric public affairs shows Caucus: New Jersey and One-on-One with Steve Adubato. Prior to beginning her career in media, she had a short stint as a fourth-grade teacher through the Teach for America program.
Pennington Rodgers received her Bachelor's in journalism and media studies from Rutgers University. She completed her Master's of Journalism at the University of California at Berkeley, where she produced a documentary about recruitment of nonblack students at historically black colleges and universities.
Whitney Pennington Rodgers | Speaker | TED.com