TED2013
ShaoLan: Learn to read Chinese ... with ease!
ShaoLan Hsueh: Naučte sa čítať po čínsky ... s ľahkosťou!
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Readability: 3
4,781,742 views
Cudzincom sa ťažko učí hovoriť po čínsky. Naučiť sa tieto krásne, a často komplikované čínske znaky čítať je ale oveľa ľahšie. ShaoLan vám dá jednoduchú lekciu o význame Čínskych znakov - od jednoduchých až po tie zložité. Nazvime to Chineasy.
ShaoLan Hsueh - Technologist, entrepreneur
ShaoLan want to help people understand China's culture and language, and to bridge the gap between East and West. Full bio
ShaoLan want to help people understand China's culture and language, and to bridge the gap between East and West. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Growing up in Taiwan
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Vyrastajúc v Taiwane
00:14
as the daughter of a calligrapher,
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ako dcéra kaligrafa,
00:16
one of my most treasured memories
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najcennejšou z mojich spomienok
00:18
was my mother showing me the beauty, the shape
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bola moja mama ukazujúc mi krásu a
00:21
and the form of Chinese characters.
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tvar čínskych znakov.
00:24
Ever since then, I was fascinated
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Odvtedy ma tento neuveriteľný jazyk
00:27
by this incredible language.
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fascinoval.
00:29
But to an outsider, it seems to be
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Pre cudzincov však môže byť
00:32
as impenetrable as the Great Wall of China.
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neprekonateľným ako veľký čínsky múr.
00:35
Over the past few years, I've been wondering
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Posledných päť rokov som skúšala
00:38
if I can break down this wall,
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ním preniknúť,
00:40
so anyone who wants to understand and appreciate
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aby ním mohol prejsť každý, kto chce oceniť
00:42
the beauty of this sophisticated language could do so.
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krásu tohoto sofistikovaného jazyka.
00:46
I started thinking about how a new, fast method
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Premýšľala som nad novou a rýchlou
00:51
of learning Chinese might be useful.
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metódou učenia sa Čínštiny.
00:54
Since the age of five, I started to learn how to draw
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V piatich rokoch som začala kresliť
00:58
every single stroke for each character
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jednotlivé ťahy znakov
01:01
in the correct sequence.
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v správnom poradí.
01:03
I learned new characters every day
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Učila som sa denne nové znaky
01:05
during the course of the next 15 years.
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nasledovných 15 rokov.
01:08
Since we only have five minutes,
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Keďže máme len päť minút,
01:10
it's better that we have a fast and simpler way.
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dá sa to aj rýchlejšie a jednoducho.
01:14
A Chinese scholar would understand 20,000 characters.
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Čínsky učenec pozná 20,000 znakov.
01:17
You only need 1,000 to understand the basic literacy.
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1,000 znakov stačí pre základnú gramotnosť.
01:22
The top 200 will allow you to comprehend
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Top 200 znakov umožní pochopiť
01:26
40 percent of basic literature --
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40 percent bežnej literatúry --
01:29
enough to read road signs, restaurant menus,
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dosť na prečítanie dopravných značiek, jedálnych lístkov,
01:32
to understand the basic idea of the web pages
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základných myšlienok na webstránkach
01:35
or the newspapers.
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alebo novín.
01:37
Today I'm going to start with eight
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Dnes začnem 8 znakmi
01:39
to show you how the method works.
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na znázornenie tejto metódy.
01:41
You are ready?
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Ste pripravení?
01:43
Open your mouth as wide as possible
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Otvorte ústa najširšie ako viete,
01:46
until it's square.
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až do štvorca.
01:48
You get a mouth.
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To sú ÚSTA.
01:50
This is a person going for a walk.
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Toto je človek na prechádzke.
01:53
Person.
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ČLOVEK.
01:57
If the shape of the fire is a person
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Ak je oheň v tvare osoby
01:59
with two arms on both sides,
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s rukami po stranách,
02:02
as if she was yelling frantically,
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ako by zúfalo kričala:
02:04
"Help! I'm on fire!" --
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"Pomoc! Horím!"
02:07
This symbol actually is originally from the shape of the flame,
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Hoci je to symbol plameňa,
02:11
but I like to think that way. Whichever works for you.
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páči sa mi prirovnanie k človeku.
02:15
This is a tree.
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Toto je strom.
02:18
Tree.
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STROM.
02:20
This is a mountain.
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Toto je HORA.
02:24
The sun.
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SLNKO.
02:29
The moon.
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MESIAC.
02:34
The symbol of the door
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Znak pre DVERE
02:36
looks like a pair of saloon doors in the wild west.
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je ako dvere saloonu z divokeho západu.
02:41
I call these eight characters radicals.
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Týchto osem znakov nazývam základom.
02:45
They are the building blocks
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Sú to stavebné bloky
02:47
for you to create lots more characters.
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mnohých iných znakov.
02:51
A person.
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Človek.
02:53
If someone walks behind, that is "to follow."
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Ak za ním niekto kráča, je to "NASLEDOVAŤ".
02:57
As the old saying goes,
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Ako hovorí staré príslovie,
02:59
two is company, three is a crowd.
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"Dvaja sú skupina, traja dav."
03:03
If a person stretched their arms wide,
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Roztiahnutými pažami povieme
03:06
this person is saying, "It was this big."
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"Bolo to také VEĽKÉ"
03:10
The person inside the mouth, the person is trapped.
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Osoba v ústach je v pasci.
03:14
He's a prisoner, just like Jonah inside the whale.
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Je VÄZŇOM ako Jonáš v ústach veľryby.
03:20
One tree is a tree. Two trees together, we have the woods.
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Jeden strom je STROM. Dva stromy DREVINA.
03:24
Three trees together, we create the forest.
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Tri stromy LES.
03:27
Put a plank underneath the tree, we have the foundation.
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Dajme pod strom dosku, máme ZÁKLAD.
03:31
Put a mouth on the top of the tree, that's "idiot." (Laughter)
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Dajme ústa na strom a je to IDIOT. (smiech)
03:35
Easy to remember,
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Ľahko sa to pamätá,
03:37
since a talking tree is pretty idiotic.
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lebo hovoriaci strom je blbosť.
03:42
Remember fire?
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Pamätáte is Oheň?
03:44
Two fires together, I get really hot.
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Dva ohne znamenajú HORÚCO
03:47
Three fires together, that's a lot of flames.
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Tri ohne je veľa PLAMEŇov
03:50
Set the fire underneath the two trees, it's burning.
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Založte oheň pod dvoma stromami a HORÍ.
03:54
For us, the sun is the source of prosperity.
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U nás je slnko zdrojom prosperity.
03:58
Two suns together, prosperous.
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Dve slnká, PROSPERUJÚCI.
04:00
Three together, that's sparkles.
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Tri slnká je ISKRENIE.
04:02
Put the sun and the moon shining together,
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Spojme slnko s mesiacom
04:04
it's brightness.
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a máme JAS.
04:05
It also means tomorrow, after a day and a night.
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Tiež to znamená ZAJTRA, po dni a noci.
04:10
The sun is coming up above the horizon. Sunrise.
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Slnko nad horizontom je VÝCHOD SLNKA.
04:14
A door. Put a plank inside the door,
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DVERE. Dajme do nich dosku
04:17
it's a door bolt.
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a máme ZÁMOK.
04:19
Put a mouth inside the door, asking questions.
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Dajme ústa do dverí, PÝTAŤ SA.
04:22
Knock knock. Is anyone home?
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Klop klop. Je niekto doma?
04:26
This person is sneaking out of a door,
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Táto osoba sa zakráda cez dvere,
04:28
escaping, evading.
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je to ÚNIK alebo VYHÝBANIE SA.
04:31
On the left, we have a woman.
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Na ľavo je ŽENA.
04:33
Two women together, they have an argument.
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Dve ženy a je to HÁDKA..
04:36
(Laughter)
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(Smiech)
04:38
Three women together, be careful, it's adultery.
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Tri ženy, pozor, je CUDZOLOŽSTVO.
04:44
So we have gone through almost 30 characters.
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Prešli sme takmer 30 znakmi.
04:48
By using this method, the first eight radicals
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Z prvých 8 znakov touto metódou
04:51
will allow you to build 32.
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vytvoríte 32.
04:53
The next group of eight characters
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A z nasledovných 8 znakov
04:55
will build an extra 32.
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ďalších 32.
04:57
So with very little effort,
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Len s troškou námahy
04:59
you will be able to learn a couple hundred characters,
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sa naučíte pár stoviek znakov,
05:02
which is the same as a Chinese eight-year-old.
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ktoré pozná osemročný Číňan.
05:04
So after we know the characters, we start building phrases.
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So známymi znakmi začneme tvoriť frázy.
05:08
For example, the mountain and the fire together,
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Napríklad dve hory a oheň
05:10
we have fire mountain. It's a volcano.
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je ohnivá hora, SOPKA.
05:13
We know Japan is the land of the rising sun.
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Japonsko je krajinou vychádzajúceho slnka.
05:17
This is a sun placed with the origin,
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Slnko a základ, z ktorého vzišlo,
05:20
because Japan lies to the east of China.
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lebo Japonsko leží východne od Číny.
05:23
So a sun, origin together, we build Japan.
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Takže slnko a základ dáva JAPONSKO.
05:27
A person behind Japan, what do we get?
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Čo je človek za Japonskom?
05:30
A Japanese person.
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JAPONEC!
05:33
The character on the left is two mountains
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Vľavo sú dve hory
05:36
stacked on top of each other.
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na sebe,
05:38
In ancient China, that means in exile,
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Bol to Exil v starovekej Číne,
05:41
because Chinese emperors, they put their political enemies
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lebo čínski vládári posielali disidentov
05:44
in exile beyond mountains.
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do exilu za horami.
05:46
Nowadays, exile has turned into getting out.
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Exil sa časom zmenil na "ísť von".
05:51
A mouth which tells you where to get out
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Ústa hovoriace kade von
05:54
is an exit.
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je VÝCHOD.
05:56
This is a slide to remind me that I should stop talking
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Mala by som teda prestať rozprávať
05:59
and get off of the stage. Thank you.
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a "ísť von" z pódia. Ďakujem.
06:01
(Applause)
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(Potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
ShaoLan Hsueh - Technologist, entrepreneurShaoLan want to help people understand China's culture and language, and to bridge the gap between East and West.
Why you should listen
ShaoLan is an entrepreneur, angel investor, geek, writer, traveller and dreamer. She is the founder and creator of Chineasy, which she launched after her TED Talk in Long Beach, California in 2013.
In just over three years, she has built Chineasy into one of the most popular methods of learning Chinese across the Internet with several hundred thousand fellow learners. Her first book, Chineasy, The New Way to Read Chinese, was launched in March 2014 and has been translated into 18 languages. Her next book, Chineasy Everyday, was launched in March 2016.
ShaoLan is a tech entrepreneur with extensive business experience. At the age of 22, while studying for her MBA, she wrote four best-selling books on software in Taiwan, and her books were bundled by Microsoft. She co-founded pAsia, one of the major players on Internet in Asia in 1990’s. After a second masters degree at the University of Cambridge, she began Caravel Capital in 2005 to advise young tech companies.
Chineasy represents a return for ShaoLan to her artistic upbringing and in many ways a design project. This project is the culmination of her life’s journey through the East and West. Her aim is to help people to understand China, Chinese culture, its language and to bridge the gap between East and West. Her next step is to help Chinese children to enjoy and appreciate the beauty of their own language.
ShaoLan Hsueh | Speaker | TED.com