TED2013
ShaoLan: Learn to read Chinese ... with ease!
Shaolan Syu: Xitoycha o'qishni o'rganish — oson!
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Chet elliklar uchun xitoycha gapirish qiyin. Lekin chiroyli va murakkab iyerogliflarni o'qish ancha osonroq bo'lishi mumkin. Oddiy dars davomida Shaolan qanday qilib iyerogliflarni tushunish, oddiy bir necha shakllar orqali murakkab tushunchalarni tushuna olishni ko'rsatib beradi. Siz buni Chineasy deb atashingiz mumkin. [ingl. China — Xitoy, easy — oson].
ShaoLan Hsueh - Technologist, entrepreneur
ShaoLan want to help people understand China's culture and language, and to bridge the gap between East and West. Full bio
ShaoLan want to help people understand China's culture and language, and to bridge the gap between East and West. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
Growing up in Taiwan
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Tayvanda
00:14
as the daughter of a calligrapher,
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kalligrafning qizi bo'lib o'smoq,
00:16
one of my most treasured memories
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hayotimdagi eng yorqin xotira
00:18
was my mother showing me the beauty, the shape
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Xitoy iyerogliflarining shakli va
ko'rinishining
ko'rinishining
00:21
and the form of Chinese characters.
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naqadar go'zal ekanligini ko'rsatayotgan
oyim edi.
oyim edi.
00:24
Ever since then, I was fascinated
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Shu lahzadan boshlab men bu ajoyib tilga
00:27
by this incredible language.
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ko'ngil qo'ygan edim.
00:29
But to an outsider, it seems to be
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Lekin chetdagi inson uchun bu til
00:32
as impenetrable as the Great Wall of China.
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Buyuk Xitoy devori kabi egallab
bo'lmaydigandek ko'rinadi.
bo'lmaydigandek ko'rinadi.
00:35
Over the past few years, I've been wondering
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Oxirgi yillarda meni bitta savol
qiziqtirayapti -
qiziqtirayapti -
00:38
if I can break down this wall,
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agar men bu devorni buza olsam,
00:40
so anyone who wants to understand and appreciate
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boshqalar ham, bu tilning go'zalligini
tushunishni,
tushunishni,
00:42
the beauty of this sophisticated language could do so.
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ko'rishni xohlovchilar bu ishni osonlik
bilan qila olishlari uchun.
bilan qila olishlari uchun.
00:46
I started thinking about how a new, fast method
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Men Xitoy tilini o'rganishda yangi va
tezkor uslub
tezkor uslub
00:51
of learning Chinese might be useful.
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hozirda juda kerakli bo'lishini
o'ylab qoldim.
o'ylab qoldim.
00:54
Since the age of five, I started to learn how to draw
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5 yoshimdan men har bir iyeroglifning
har bir chizig'ini,
har bir chizig'ini,
00:58
every single stroke for each character
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ketma-ketlikda,
01:01
in the correct sequence.
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chizishni o'rgana boshladim.
01:03
I learned new characters every day
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Men yangi iyerogliflarni keyingi 15 yil
01:05
during the course of the next 15 years.
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davomida har kuni o'rgandim.
01:08
Since we only have five minutes,
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Bizda atigi 5 daqiqa bo'lgani uchun,
01:10
it's better that we have a fast and simpler way.
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yaxshisi oddiy va tez usulni qo'llaymiz.
01:14
A Chinese scholar would understand 20,000 characters.
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Xitoydaik olim 20 mingta iyeroglifni
tushunadi.
tushunadi.
01:17
You only need 1,000 to understand the basic literacy.
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Siz tilni tushuna olishingiz uchun mingta
bilishingiz kerak bo'ladi.
bilishingiz kerak bo'ladi.
01:22
The top 200 will allow you to comprehend
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Asosiy 200 ta iyeroglif 40% manbalarni
01:26
40 percent of basic literature --
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tushunishingizda yordam beradi, bu sizga
01:29
enough to read road signs, restaurant menus,
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yo'l belgilari, restoran menyulari,
veb-sahifalarning
veb-sahifalarning
01:32
to understand the basic idea of the web pages
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asosiy mazmunini yoki gazetalarni
tushunishingiz uchun
tushunishingiz uchun
01:35
or the newspapers.
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yetarlidir.
01:37
Today I'm going to start with eight
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Bugun men 8 ta iyeroglifdan boshlayman,
01:39
to show you how the method works.
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bu uslub qanday ishlashini ko'rsataman.
01:41
You are ready?
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Tayyormisiz?
01:43
Open your mouth as wide as possible
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Og'zingizni iloji boricha katta oching,
01:46
until it's square.
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kvadrat formasiga kirguniga qadar.
01:48
You get a mouth.
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Bu og'iz.
01:50
This is a person going for a walk.
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Bu sayrga chiqqan odam.
01:53
Person.
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Inson.
01:57
If the shape of the fire is a person
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Agar olov shaklida insonni tasavvur qilsak,
01:59
with two arms on both sides,
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ikki tarafida qo'llari bilan,
02:02
as if she was yelling frantically,
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bu xuddi "Yordam bering, yonayapman!" deb
02:04
"Help! I'm on fire!" --
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qichqirayotgan ayolga o'xshab qoladi.
02:07
This symbol actually is originally from the shape of the flame,
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Bu belgi olov shaklidan kelib chiqqan,
02:11
but I like to think that way. Whichever works for you.
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lekin menga buni boshqacha tasavvur qilish yoqadi.
02:15
This is a tree.
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Bu daraxt.
02:18
Tree.
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Daraxt.
02:20
This is a mountain.
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Bu tog'.
02:24
The sun.
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Quyosh.
02:29
The moon.
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Oy.
02:34
The symbol of the door
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Eshik belgisi shunday ko'rinishga ega,
02:36
looks like a pair of saloon doors in the wild west.
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yovvoyi g'arb barlarning
eshiklariga o'xshaydi.
eshiklariga o'xshaydi.
02:41
I call these eight characters radicals.
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Men bu 8 ta iyeroglifni "radikallar"
deb atayman.
deb atayman.
02:45
They are the building blocks
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Ular xuddi qurilish bloklariga
02:47
for you to create lots more characters.
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o'xshaydi, har biridan turli xil
iyerogliflar yasash mumkin.
iyerogliflar yasash mumkin.
02:51
A person.
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Odam.
02:53
If someone walks behind, that is "to follow."
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Agar kimdir orqasidan kelayotgan bo'lsa,
bu "ergashmoq", "ketidan yurmoq" degani.
bu "ergashmoq", "ketidan yurmoq" degani.
02:57
As the old saying goes,
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Eski bir maqolda aytilganidek,
02:59
two is company, three is a crowd.
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"ikkita odam — sherikchilik,
uchta — olomon".
uchta — olomon".
03:03
If a person stretched their arms wide,
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Agar odam qo'llarini har tomonga yoysa,
03:06
this person is saying, "It was this big."
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u: "bu shunday katta edi"
deyayotgan bo'ladi.
deyayotgan bo'ladi.
03:10
The person inside the mouth, the person is trapped.
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Agar odam og'iz ichida bo'lsa — u tuzoqda.
03:14
He's a prisoner, just like Jonah inside the whale.
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U xuddi kit ichidagi Yunus singari mahbus.
03:20
One tree is a tree. Two trees together, we have the woods.
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Bitta daraxt — oddiy daraxt.
Ikkita daraxt — bir guruh daraxt.
Ikkita daraxt — bir guruh daraxt.
03:24
Three trees together, we create the forest.
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Uchta daraxt, bu endi o'rmon.
03:27
Put a plank underneath the tree, we have the foundation.
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Daraxtni tagiga taxtani qo'yamiz va
fundament kelib chiqadi.
fundament kelib chiqadi.
03:31
Put a mouth on the top of the tree, that's "idiot." (Laughter)
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Agar daraxtning yuqoriga og'izni qo'ysak,
"ahmoq" paydo bo'ladi. (Kulgu)
"ahmoq" paydo bo'ladi. (Kulgu)
03:35
Easy to remember,
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Buni eslab qolish oson,
03:37
since a talking tree is pretty idiotic.
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chunki gapiruvchi daraxt chindan ham
ahmoqona ko'rinadi.
ahmoqona ko'rinadi.
03:42
Remember fire?
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Olov esingizdami?
03:44
Two fires together, I get really hot.
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Ikkita olov birgalikda — juda issiq.
03:47
Three fires together, that's a lot of flames.
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Uchta olov — juda katta olov.
03:50
Set the fire underneath the two trees, it's burning.
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Olovni ikkita eshikni tagiga
joylashtiring — bu yong'in.
joylashtiring — bu yong'in.
03:54
For us, the sun is the source of prosperity.
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Biz uchun quyosh — farovonlik manbai.
03:58
Two suns together, prosperous.
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Ikkita quyosh — rivojlanayotgan degani.
04:00
Three together, that's sparkles.
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Uchtasi birgalikda — bu uchqunlar.
04:02
Put the sun and the moon shining together,
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Agar quyosh va oyni birlashtirsak —
04:04
it's brightness.
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bu yorug'lik.
04:05
It also means tomorrow, after a day and a night.
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Yana bu ertaga, kun va tundan keyin degan
ma'noni ham beradi.
ma'noni ham beradi.
04:10
The sun is coming up above the horizon. Sunrise.
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Quyosh ufqdan tepaga ko'tariladi.
Quyosh chiqishi.
Quyosh chiqishi.
04:14
A door. Put a plank inside the door,
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Eshik. Taxtani eshikni ichiga
joylashtiring —
joylashtiring —
04:17
it's a door bolt.
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bu eshik murvati.
04:19
Put a mouth inside the door, asking questions.
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Eshik ichiga "og'iz"ni joylashtiring
— bu savol bermoq degani.
— bu savol bermoq degani.
04:22
Knock knock. Is anyone home?
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Tuk-tuk. Uyda kimdir bormi?
04:26
This person is sneaking out of a door,
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Bu odam uydan darrov qochib ketadi,
04:28
escaping, evading.
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yo'q bo'lib qoladi.
04:31
On the left, we have a woman.
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Chapda — "ayol" iyeroglifi.
04:33
Two women together, they have an argument.
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Ikkita ayol — "bahs" kelib chiqadi.
04:36
(Laughter)
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(Kulgu)
04:38
Three women together, be careful, it's adultery.
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Uchta ayol — ehtiyot bo'ling, bu xiyonat.
04:44
So we have gone through almost 30 characters.
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Biz deyarli 30 ta iyeroglif o'rgandik.
04:48
By using this method, the first eight radicals
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Dastlabki 8 ta radikallarni qo'llash
usuli orqali
usuli orqali
04:51
will allow you to build 32.
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32 ta iyeroglif yasash mumkin.
04:53
The next group of eight characters
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Keyingi 8 ta iyerogliflar guruhi ham
04:55
will build an extra 32.
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bizga yana 32 tasini yasashga
yordam beradi.
yordam beradi.
04:57
So with very little effort,
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Shunday oson usul bilan siz
04:59
you will be able to learn a couple hundred characters,
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bir necha yuz iyeroglif o'rganishingiz
mumkin —
mumkin —
05:02
which is the same as a Chinese eight-year-old.
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8 yoshli xitoylik deyarli shuncha
iyeroglif biladi.
iyeroglif biladi.
05:04
So after we know the characters, we start building phrases.
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Iyerogliflarni o'rganganimizdan so'ng
biz gaplar tuzishni boshlaymiz.
biz gaplar tuzishni boshlaymiz.
05:08
For example, the mountain and the fire together,
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Masalan, tog' va olov bizgalikda —
05:10
we have fire mountain. It's a volcano.
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yonayotgan tog', vulqon ma'nosini beradi.
05:13
We know Japan is the land of the rising sun.
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Biz bilamizki, Yaponiya — kunchiqar
mamlakat.
mamlakat.
05:17
This is a sun placed with the origin,
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Bu yerda manba yonida quyosh turibdi,
05:20
because Japan lies to the east of China.
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chunki Yaponiya Xitoyga nisbatan sharqda
joylashgan.
joylashgan.
05:23
So a sun, origin together, we build Japan.
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Quyosh va manba — bu Yaponiya.
05:27
A person behind Japan, what do we get?
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Agar Yaponiya yonida odamni qo'ysak,
nima kelib chiqadi?
nima kelib chiqadi?
05:30
A Japanese person.
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Yapon (yaponiyalik).
05:33
The character on the left is two mountains
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Chapdagi iyeroglif — ikkita tog',
05:36
stacked on top of each other.
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ustma-ust joylashgan.
05:38
In ancient China, that means in exile,
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Qadimgi Xitoyda bu surgunni anglatgan,
05:41
because Chinese emperors, they put their political enemies
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chunki Xitoy imperatorlari o'zining
siyosiy
siyosiy
05:44
in exile beyond mountains.
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dushmanlarini surgun qilib aynan tog'ga
yuborgan.
yuborgan.
05:46
Nowadays, exile has turned into getting out.
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Hozirgi paytda "surgun"ning ma'nosi
"ketish"ga aylangan.
"ketish"ga aylangan.
05:51
A mouth which tells you where to get out
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Sizga qayerga chiqishni ko'rsatayotgan
og'iz,
og'iz,
05:54
is an exit.
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"chiqish" degani.
05:56
This is a slide to remind me that I should stop talking
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Bu slayd menga ushbu chiqishimni
yakunlashimni va
yakunlashimni va
05:59
and get off of the stage. Thank you.
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sahnadan ketishimni eslatmoqda. Rahmat.
06:01
(Applause)
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(Qarsaklar)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
ShaoLan Hsueh - Technologist, entrepreneurShaoLan want to help people understand China's culture and language, and to bridge the gap between East and West.
Why you should listen
ShaoLan is an entrepreneur, angel investor, geek, writer, traveller and dreamer. She is the founder and creator of Chineasy, which she launched after her TED Talk in Long Beach, California in 2013.
In just over three years, she has built Chineasy into one of the most popular methods of learning Chinese across the Internet with several hundred thousand fellow learners. Her first book, Chineasy, The New Way to Read Chinese, was launched in March 2014 and has been translated into 18 languages. Her next book, Chineasy Everyday, was launched in March 2016.
ShaoLan is a tech entrepreneur with extensive business experience. At the age of 22, while studying for her MBA, she wrote four best-selling books on software in Taiwan, and her books were bundled by Microsoft. She co-founded pAsia, one of the major players on Internet in Asia in 1990’s. After a second masters degree at the University of Cambridge, she began Caravel Capital in 2005 to advise young tech companies.
Chineasy represents a return for ShaoLan to her artistic upbringing and in many ways a design project. This project is the culmination of her life’s journey through the East and West. Her aim is to help people to understand China, Chinese culture, its language and to bridge the gap between East and West. Her next step is to help Chinese children to enjoy and appreciate the beauty of their own language.
ShaoLan Hsueh | Speaker | TED.com