TED2015
Dame Stephanie Shirley: Why do ambitious women have flat heads?
Dame Stephanie Shirley: Prečo majú ambiciózne ženy ploché hlavy?
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Dame Stephanie Shirley je najúspešnejšia tech podnikateľka, o ktorej ste nikdy počuli. V 60. rokoch založila priekopnícku čisto ženskú softvérovú firmu vo Veľkej Británii, ktorá bola napokon ohodnotená na 3 miliardy, a tak sa zo 70 členiek jej tímu stali milionárky. V tomto úprimnom a často vtipnom prejave vysvetľuje, prečo vystupovala ako „Steve“, ako prevrátila očakávania svojej doby, a zdieľa niektoré zaručené spôsoby, ako identifikovať ambiciózne ženy.
Dame Stephanie Shirley - Entrepreneur and philanthropist
In 1962, Dame Stephanie "Steve" Shirley founded Freelance Programmers, a software firm with innovative work practices -- and (mainly) women employees. Full bio
In 1962, Dame Stephanie "Steve" Shirley founded Freelance Programmers, a software firm with innovative work practices -- and (mainly) women employees. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
When I wrote my memoir,
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Keď som písala svoje pamäte,
00:14
the publishers were really confused.
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vydavatelia boli skutočne zmätení.
00:18
Was it about me as a child refugee,
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Boli o mne, ako detskom utečencovi,
00:22
or as a woman who set up a high-tech
software company back in the 1960s,
software company back in the 1960s,
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alebo o žene, ktorá založila high-tech
softvérovú firmu v 60. rokoch,
softvérovú firmu v 60. rokoch,
00:28
one that went public
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ktorá sa zverejnila
00:30
and eventually employed over 8,500 people?
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a napokon zamestnala viac ako 8 500 ľudí?
00:34
Or was it as a mother
of an autistic child?
of an autistic child?
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Alebo boli o matke autistického dieťaťa?
00:39
Or as a philanthropist that's
now given away serious money?
now given away serious money?
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Alebo filantropovi, ktorý veľkoryso
dáva množstvo peňazí?
dáva množstvo peňazí?
00:43
Well, it turns out, I'm all of these.
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Ukázalo sa, že som všetko z toho.
00:46
So let me tell you my story.
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Poviem vám svoj príbeh.
00:51
All that I am stems from when
I got onto a train in Vienna,
I got onto a train in Vienna,
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Môj príbeh začal, keď som nastúpila
na vlak vo Viedni,
na vlak vo Viedni,
00:58
part of the Kindertransport that saved
nearly 10,000 Jewish children
nearly 10,000 Jewish children
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časť Kindertransportu, ktorý zachránil
takmer 10 000 židovských detí
takmer 10 000 židovských detí
01:03
from Nazi Europe.
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z nacistickej Európy.
01:05
I was five years old, clutching the hand
of my nine-year-old sister
of my nine-year-old sister
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Mala som 5 rokov, zvierala som ruku
svojej 9-ročnej sestry
svojej 9-ročnej sestry
01:09
and had very little idea as to
what was going on.
what was going on.
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a nechápala som, čo sa okolo mňa deje.
01:13
"What is England and
why am I going there?"
why am I going there?"
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„Čo je Anglicko a prečo tam idem?“
01:18
I'm only alive because so long ago,
I was helped by generous strangers.
I was helped by generous strangers.
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Žijem jedine preto, že raz dávno
mi pomohli štedrí neznámi.
mi pomohli štedrí neznámi.
01:26
I was lucky, and doubly lucky
to be later reunited
to be later reunited
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Mala som šťastie a to dvakrát –
lebo som sa neskôr znovu
lebo som sa neskôr znovu
01:30
with my birth parents.
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vrátila k svojim rodičom.
01:32
But, sadly, I never bonded
with them again.
with them again.
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Ale, bohužiaľ, už som si k nim
nevytvorila znovu puto.
nevytvorila znovu puto.
Ale počas tých siedmych dekád,
od toho hrozného dňa,
od toho hrozného dňa,
01:39
But I've done more in the seven decades
since that miserable day
since that miserable day
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01:43
when my mother put me on the train
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keď ma moja mama nasadila na vlak,
01:45
than I would ever have dreamed possible.
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som urobila viac, než by som pokladala
za možné.
za možné.
01:48
And I love England, my adopted country,
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A milujem Anglicko,
moju adoptívnu krajinu,
moju adoptívnu krajinu,
01:51
with a passion that perhaps only someone
who has lost their human rights can feel.
who has lost their human rights can feel.
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vášňou, ktorú možno môže cítiť len ten,
kto už stratil svoje ľudské práva.
kto už stratil svoje ľudské práva.
01:57
I decided to make mine a life
that was worth saving.
that was worth saving.
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Rozhodla som sa urobiť svoj život
hodným zachránenia.
hodným zachránenia.
02:04
And then, I just got on with it.
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A nejak mi to ostalo.
02:07
(Laughter)
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(smiech)
02:11
Let me take you back to the early 1960s.
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Vráťme sa späť do skorých
šesťdesiatych rokov.
šesťdesiatych rokov.
02:15
To get past the gender issues of the time,
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Aby som obišla rodové problémy v tom čase,
02:19
I set up my own software house at one
of the first such startups in Britain.
of the first such startups in Britain.
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založila som svoj softvérový podnik,
jeden z prvých
takých startupov v Británii.
takých startupov v Británii.
02:26
But it was also a company of women,
a company for women,
a company for women,
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Bola to tiež firma žien, firma pre ženy,
02:32
an early social business.
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skoré sociálne podnikanie.
02:35
And people laughed at the very idea
because software, at that time,
because software, at that time,
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Ľudia sa smiali už na samotnej myšlienke,
lebo softvér, v tom čase,
lebo softvér, v tom čase,
02:39
was given away free with hardware.
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bol dávaný zadarmo s hardvérom.
02:41
Nobody would buy software,
certainly not from a woman.
certainly not from a woman.
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Nikto by si nekúpil softvér,
a určite nie od ženy.
a určite nie od ženy.
02:45
Although women were then coming out
of the universities with decent degrees,
of the universities with decent degrees,
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Hoci ženy v tom čase vychádzali
z univerzít so slušnými diplomami,
z univerzít so slušnými diplomami,
02:51
there was a glass ceiling to our progress.
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náš úspech mal sklenený strop.
02:56
And I'd hit that glass ceiling too often,
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A ja som do toho stropu udierala
príliš často
príliš často
03:00
and I wanted opportunities for women.
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a chcela som možnosti pre ženy.
03:04
I recruited professionally qualified women
who'd left the industry on marriage,
who'd left the industry on marriage,
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Zamestnala som profesionálne kvalifikované
ženy, ktoré opustili odbor, keď sa vydali
ženy, ktoré opustili odbor, keď sa vydali
03:09
or when their first child was expected
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alebo keď čakali prvé dieťa,
03:11
and structured them into a
home-working organization.
home-working organization.
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a usporiadala som ich do organizácie,
pracujúcej z domu.
pracujúcej z domu.
03:16
We pioneered the concept of women
going back into the workforce
going back into the workforce
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Boli sme priekopníčky v myšlienke
návrate žien do práce
návrate žien do práce
03:21
after a career break.
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po pauze v kariére.
03:23
We pioneered all sorts of
new, flexible work methods:
new, flexible work methods:
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Boli sme priekopníčky v množstve nových,
flexibilných pracovných metód:
flexibilných pracovných metód:
03:27
job shares, profit-sharing,
and eventually, co-ownership
and eventually, co-ownership
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zdieľanie práce, zdieľanie zisku
a napokon spoločného vlastníctva,
a napokon spoločného vlastníctva,
03:32
when I took a quarter of the company
into the hands of the staff
into the hands of the staff
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keď som dala štvrtinu firmy
do rúk zamestnancom,
do rúk zamestnancom,
03:36
at no cost to anyone but me.
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čo nestálo nikoho nič, len mňa.
03:41
For years, I was the first woman this,
or the only woman that.
or the only woman that.
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Roky som bola prvá žena v tom
a jediná v tamtom.
a jediná v tamtom.
03:47
And in those days, I couldn't work
on the stock exchange,
on the stock exchange,
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A v tých časoch som nemohla
pracovať na burze,
pracovať na burze,
03:51
I couldn't drive a bus or fly an airplane.
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nemohla som riadiť autobus či lietadlo.
03:55
Indeed, I couldn't open a bank account
without my husband's permission.
without my husband's permission.
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Skutočne, nemohla som ani otvoriť
bankový účet bez povolenia manžela.
bankový účet bez povolenia manžela.
04:01
My generation of women fought
the battles for the right to work
the battles for the right to work
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Moja generácia žien bojovala
za práva žien pracovať
za práva žien pracovať
04:05
and the right for equal pay.
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a za ich právo na rovnakú mzdu.
04:10
Nobody really expected much
from people at work or in society
from people at work or in society
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Nikto veľa neočakával od ľudí v práci,
či v spoločnosti,
či v spoločnosti,
04:14
because all the expectations then
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pretože všetky očakávania
04:16
were about home and
family responsibilities.
family responsibilities.
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boli o povinnostiach doma a v rodine.
04:20
And I couldn't really face that,
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A ja som sa na to nemohla pozerať,
04:23
so I started to challenge
the conventions of the time,
the conventions of the time,
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tak som začala vzdorovať
konvenciám tých čias,
konvenciám tých čias,
04:29
even to the extent of changing my name
from "Stephanie" to "Steve"
from "Stephanie" to "Steve"
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dokonca som si v obchodných správach
zmenila meno
zmenila meno
zo Stephanie na Steve,
04:35
in my business development letters,
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aby som tak prekĺzla skôr,
než si niekto uvedomí,
než si niekto uvedomí,
04:36
so as to get through the door
before anyone realized
before anyone realized
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04:39
that he was a she.
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že on je ona.
04:40
(Laughter)
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(smiech)
04:44
My company, called Freelance Programmers,
and that's precisely what it was,
and that's precisely what it was,
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Moja firma, nazvaná Freelance
Programátori – a presne to sme boli
Programátori – a presne to sme boli
04:51
couldn't have started smaller:
on the dining room table,
on the dining room table,
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nemohla začať v menšom:
na jedálenskom stole,
na jedálenskom stole,
04:56
and financed by the equivalent
of 100 dollars in today's terms,
of 100 dollars in today's terms,
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financovaná dnešným ekvivalentom
100 dolárov,
100 dolárov,
05:01
and financed by my labor and
by borrowing against the house.
by borrowing against the house.
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a financovaná mojou prácou
a na pôžičku na dom.
a na pôžičku na dom.
05:08
My interests were scientific,
the market was commercial --
the market was commercial --
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Moje záujmy boli vedecké,
trh bol komerčný –
trh bol komerčný –
05:14
things such as payroll,
which I found rather boring.
which I found rather boring.
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veci ako výplatná páska, čo ma nudilo.
05:18
So I had to compromise with
operational research work,
operational research work,
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Takže som to musela vyvažovať
operačnou výskumnou prácou,
operačnou výskumnou prácou,
05:23
which had the intellectual challenge
that interested me
that interested me
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ktorá bola pre mňa zaujímavou
intelektuálnou výzvou
intelektuálnou výzvou
05:27
and the commercial value
that was valued by the clients:
that was valued by the clients:
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a komerčnou hodnotou,
na ktorej záležalo klientom:
na ktorej záležalo klientom:
05:34
things like scheduling freight trains,
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veci ako plánovanie nákladných vlakov,
05:40
time-tabling buses, stock control,
lots and lots of stock control.
lots and lots of stock control.
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rozpisy autobusov, kopa a kopa
kontrol stavu zásob.
kontrol stavu zásob.
05:46
And eventually, the work came in.
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A napokon práca prišla.
05:50
We disguised the domestic and
part-time nature of the staff
part-time nature of the staff
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Zakrývali sme prácu z domu
a polovičné úvazky tým,
a polovičné úvazky tým,
05:54
by offering fixed prices,
one of the very first to do so.
one of the very first to do so.
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že sme ponúkli fixné ceny
– ako jedny z prvých.
– ako jedny z prvých.
05:59
And who would have guessed
that the programming
that the programming
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A kto by si pomyslel, že naprogramovanie
06:02
of the black box flight recorder
of Supersonic Concord
of Supersonic Concord
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čiernej skrinky pre Supersonic Concord
06:06
would have been done by a bunch
of women working in their own homes.
of women working in their own homes.
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bude spravené partiou žien,
pracujúcich z domu.
pracujúcich z domu.
06:11
(Applause)
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(potlesk)
06:19
All we used was a simple
"trust the staff" approach
"trust the staff" approach
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Stačilo jednoducho dôverovať zamestnancom
06:24
and a simple telephone.
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a obyčajný telefón.
06:26
We even used to ask job applicants,
"Do you have access to a telephone?"
"Do you have access to a telephone?"
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Záujemcov o prácu sme sa pýtali:
„Máte prístup k telefónu?“
„Máte prístup k telefónu?“
06:34
An early project was to develop
software standards
software standards
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Jeden z prvých projektov bolo
vyvinúť softvérové štandardy
vyvinúť softvérové štandardy
06:37
on management control protocols.
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pre protokoly kontroly manažmentu.
06:39
And software was and still is a
maddeningly hard-to-control activity,
maddeningly hard-to-control activity,
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Softvér bol a stále je šialene ťažko
kontrolovateľná činnosť,
kontrolovateľná činnosť,
06:45
so that was enormously valuable.
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takže to bolo nesmierne dôležité.
06:47
We used the standards ourselves,
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Samé sme tieto štandardy využívali,
06:49
we were even paid to update
them over the years,
them over the years,
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boli sme aj zaplatené, aby sme ich
postupne vyvíjali,
postupne vyvíjali,
06:52
and eventually, they were adopted by NATO.
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a napokon ich prijalo aj NATO.
06:58
Our programmers -- remember, only women,
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Naše programátorky – všetko ženy,
07:02
including gay and transgender --
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vrátane gay a transgender –
07:05
worked with pencil and paper
to develop flowcharts
to develop flowcharts
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s ceruzkou a papierom kreslili
vývojové diagramy,
vývojové diagramy,
07:10
defining each task to be done.
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definujúc všetky úlohy.
07:14
And they then wrote code,
usually machine code,
usually machine code,
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A potom písali kód, obvykle strojový kód,
07:18
sometimes binary code,
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niekedy binárny,
07:20
which was then sent
by mail to a data center
by mail to a data center
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ktorý sa potom posielal poštou
do dátového centra,
do dátového centra,
07:25
to be punched onto
paper tape or card
paper tape or card
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kde bol vyrazený na papierovú pásku
alebo karty
alebo karty
07:29
and then re-punched,
in order to verify it.
in order to verify it.
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a znova vyrazený, aby bol overený.
07:34
All this, before it ever got
near a computer.
near a computer.
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Toto všetko prv, kým sme sa vôbec dostali
k počítaču.
k počítaču.
07:37
That was programming in the early 1960s.
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Také bolo programovanie začiatkom
60. rokov.
60. rokov.
07:43
In 1975, 13 years from startup,
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V roku 1975, 13 rokov po založení,
07:48
equal opportunity legislation
came in in Britain
came in in Britain
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v Británii prišla legislatíva
rovnakých možností,
rovnakých možností,
07:51
and that made it illegal to have
our pro-female policies.
our pro-female policies.
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a tak sa naša pro-ženská politika stala
nelegálnou.
nelegálnou.
07:58
And as an example of
unintended consequences,
unintended consequences,
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Ako príklad nečakaných dôsledkov,
08:02
my female company had to let the men in.
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moja ženská firma musela prijať mužov.
08:06
(Laughter)
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(smiech)
08:11
When I started my company of women,
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Keď som začala svoju ženskú firmu,
08:13
the men said, "How interesting, because
it only works because it's small."
it only works because it's small."
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muži hovorili: „Toto funguje
len preto, že je to taká malá firma.“
len preto, že je to taká malá firma.“
08:20
And later, as it became sizable,
they accepted, "Yes, it is sizable now,
they accepted, "Yes, it is sizable now,
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A neskôr, keď narastala, uznali:
„Áno, je rozsiahlejšia,
„Áno, je rozsiahlejšia,
08:26
but of no strategic interest."
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ale bez strategického významu.“
08:30
And later, when it was a company
valued at over three billion dollars,
valued at over three billion dollars,
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A neskôr, keď to bola firma ohodnotená
viac ako 3 miliardami dolárov,
viac ako 3 miliardami dolárov,
08:37
and I'd made 70 of the staff
into millionaires,
into millionaires,
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a zo 70 členov firmy sa stali milionárky,
08:41
they sort of said, "Well done, Steve!"
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povedali zhruba: „Výborne, Steve!“
08:45
(Laughter)
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(smiech)
08:49
(Applause)
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(potlesk)
08:53
You can always tell ambitious women
by the shape of our heads:
by the shape of our heads:
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Ambiciózne ženy môžete vždy rozoznať
podľa tvaru našich hláv:
podľa tvaru našich hláv:
08:58
They're flat on top for being
patted patronizingly.
patted patronizingly.
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Sú navrchu ploché z toho,
ako ich blahosklonne poklepávajú.
ako ich blahosklonne poklepávajú.
09:01
(Laughter) (Applause)
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(smiech) (potlesk)
09:07
And we have larger feet to stand
away from the kitchen sink.
away from the kitchen sink.
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A máme väčšie chodidlá,
aby sme stáli ďalej od šporáka.
aby sme stáli ďalej od šporáka.
09:12
(Laughter)
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(smiech)
09:13
Let me share with you
two secrets of success:
two secrets of success:
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Poviem vám dve tajomstvá úspechu:
09:17
Surround yourself with first-class people
and people that you like;
and people that you like;
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Obklopte sa prvotriednymi ľuďmi
a ľuďmi, ktorých máte radi;
a ľuďmi, ktorých máte radi;
09:23
and choose your partner
very, very carefully.
very, very carefully.
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a veľmi, veľmi opatrne si
vyberte partnera.
vyberte partnera.
09:30
Because the other day when I said,
"My husband's an angel,"
"My husband's an angel,"
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Pretože keď som minule povedala:
„Môj manžel je anjel“,
„Môj manžel je anjel“,
09:33
a woman complained --
"You're lucky," she said,
"You're lucky," she said,
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iná žena si vzdychla –
„Máš šťastie,“ povedala,
„Máš šťastie,“ povedala,
09:35
"mine's still alive."
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„môj je ešte nažive.“
09:37
(Laughter)
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(smiech)
09:45
If success were easy,
we'd all be millionaires.
we'd all be millionaires.
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Keby bol úspech ľahký,
všetci by sme boli milionármi.
všetci by sme boli milionármi.
09:51
But in my case, it came in the midst
of family trauma and indeed, crisis.
of family trauma and indeed, crisis.
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Ale v mojom prípade to prišlo uprostred
rodinnej drámy a krízy.
rodinnej drámy a krízy.
10:01
Our late son, Giles, was an only child,
a beautiful, contented baby.
a beautiful, contented baby.
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Náš zosnulý syn, Giles, bol jedináčik,
krásne spokojné bábätko.
krásne spokojné bábätko.
10:09
And then, at two and a half,
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A potom, keď mal dva a pol roka,
10:13
like a changeling in a fairy story,
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akoby zo zlého sna,
10:16
he lost the little speech that he had
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stratil tú trochu reči, ktorú ovládal,
10:20
and turned into a wild,
unmanageable toddler.
unmanageable toddler.
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a zmenil sa na divoké,
nezvládnuteľné batoľa.
nezvládnuteľné batoľa.
10:25
Not the terrible twos;
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Nebolo to len obdobie;
10:27
he was profoundly autistic
and he never spoke again.
and he never spoke again.
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bol silno autistický
a už nikdy neprehovoril.
a už nikdy neprehovoril.
10:36
Giles was the first resident in the first
house of the first charity that I set up
house of the first charity that I set up
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Giles bol prvým obyvateľom prvého
domu prvej charity, ktorú som založila
domu prvej charity, ktorú som založila
10:41
to pioneer services for autism.
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na vytvorenie služieb pre autizmus.
10:45
And then there's been
a groundbreaking Prior's Court school
a groundbreaking Prior's Court school
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Potom prišla priekopnícka
škola Prior's Court
škola Prior's Court
10:48
for pupils with autism
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pre deti s autizmom,
10:50
and a medical research charity,
again, all for autism.
again, all for autism.
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charita pre medicínsky výskum,
znova pre autizmus.
znova pre autizmus.
10:54
Because whenever I found a gap
in services, I tried to help.
in services, I tried to help.
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Pretože kdekoľvek som našla medzeru
v službách, snažila som sa pomôcť.
v službách, snažila som sa pomôcť.
11:01
I like doing new things
and making new things happen.
and making new things happen.
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Rada robím nové veci a chcem,
aby sa veci diali.
aby sa veci diali.
11:06
And I've just started a three-year
think tank for autism.
think tank for autism.
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A práve som začala trojročný „think tank“
pre autizmus.
pre autizmus.
11:13
And so that some of my wealth does go back
to the industry from which it stems,
to the industry from which it stems,
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A aby časť môjho bohatstva išla naspäť
do priemyslu, z ktorého pochádza,
do priemyslu, z ktorého pochádza,
11:18
I've also founded
the Oxford Internet Institute
the Oxford Internet Institute
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založila som Oxford Internet Institute
11:22
and other IT ventures.
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a iné IT podniky.
11:24
The Oxford Internet Institute
focuses not on the technology,
focuses not on the technology,
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Oxford Internet Institute sa nevenuje
len technológii,
len technológii,
11:28
but on the social, economic, legal
and ethical issues of the Internet.
and ethical issues of the Internet.
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ale aj sociálnym, ekonomickým, právnym
a etickým problémom internetu.
a etickým problémom internetu.
11:35
Giles died unexpectedly 17 years ago now.
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Giles umrel nečakane pred 17 rokmi.
11:42
And I have learned to live without him,
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Naučila som sa žiť bez neho,
11:46
and I have learned to live
without his need of me.
without his need of me.
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a naučila som sa žiť bez jeho potreby mňa.
11:51
Philanthropy is all that I do now.
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Teraz sa venujem už len filantropii.
11:54
I need never worry about getting lost
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Nemusím sa obávať,
že by som sa raz stratila,
že by som sa raz stratila,
11:57
because several charities
would quickly come and find me.
would quickly come and find me.
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lebo by ma hneď rýchlo našlo
niekoľko charít.
niekoľko charít.
12:00
(Laughter)
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(smiech)
12:12
It's one thing to have an idea
for an enterprise,
for an enterprise,
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Je jedna vec mať nápad na podnikanie,
12:16
but as many people in this room will know,
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ale ako mnoho z vás vie,
12:19
making it happen is a very difficult thing
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prebiť sa je veľmi náročné
12:22
and it demands extraordinary energy,
self-belief and determination,
self-belief and determination,
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a vyžaduje neobyčajnú energiu,
sebadôveru a odhodlanie,
sebadôveru a odhodlanie,
12:30
the courage to risk family and home,
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odvahu riskovať rodinu a domov
12:34
and a 24/7 commitment
that borders on the obsessive.
that borders on the obsessive.
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a záväzok na 24/7, ktorý hraničí
s posadnutosťou.
s posadnutosťou.
12:39
So it's just as well
that I'm a workaholic.
that I'm a workaholic.
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Takže je dobre, že som workoholik.
12:43
I believe in the beauty of work when we
do it properly and in humility.
do it properly and in humility.
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Verím v krásu práce, keď ju robíme
poctivo a pokorne.
poctivo a pokorne.
12:50
Work is not just something I do
when I'd rather be doing something else.
when I'd rather be doing something else.
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Práca nie je niečo, čo robím,
keď by som radšej bola niekde inde.
keď by som radšej bola niekde inde.
12:57
We live our lives forward.
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Žijeme naše životy.
12:59
So what has all that taught me?
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Takže čo ma toto všetko naučilo?
Zistila som, že zajtrajšok
nikdy nebude ako dnešok,
nikdy nebude ako dnešok,
13:04
I learned that tomorrow's
never going to be like today,
never going to be like today,
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13:07
and certainly nothing like yesterday.
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a rozhodne nie ako včerajšok.
13:10
And that made me able to cope with change,
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A vďaka tomu sa viem vyrovnať so zmenou.
13:14
indeed, eventually to welcome change,
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Áno, časom zmenu uvítať,
13:18
though I'm told I'm still very difficult.
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hoci mi vravia, že som stále
veľmi náročná.
veľmi náročná.
13:23
Thank you very much.
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Ďakujem.
13:25
(Applause)
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(potlesk)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Dame Stephanie Shirley - Entrepreneur and philanthropistIn 1962, Dame Stephanie "Steve" Shirley founded Freelance Programmers, a software firm with innovative work practices -- and (mainly) women employees.
Why you should listen
In the austerity of post-World War II England, jobs were few, and opportunities for women to earn a wage were even fewer. So, on her dining room table, Stephanie Shirley founded the kind of company she'd like to work for -- one that posed challenging, rewarding tasks, built around flexible work rules that made it possible to have a real life. Her software company, Freelance Programmers made her one of the richest women in England (and one of the few to have earned her own money). Initially employing only women -- Shirley often bid for contracts as "Steve" to compete in the male-dominated industry -- the company was eventually valued at $3 billion, while 70 of the staff became millionaires when it floated on the stock market.
But money wasn't Shirley's object. "A lot of people go into business to make money," she told the Guardian. "I really didn't; I went in with a mission for women. Conversely, I was determined never, ever to be poor again." Freelance Programmers became the FI Group became Xansa; it was acquired by Steria in 2007.
Shirley retired in 1993, but she hasn't stopped pushing for progress in the fields she loves. For instance, she works tirelessly to push forward research into autism spectrum disorders, as well as to study and improve the IT industry and the role of the internet in society. She told the Guardian, "I do get committed, and I don't just give my money; I try to give of myself."
Dame Stephanie Shirley | Speaker | TED.com