TED2017
Ashton Applewhite: Let's end ageism
Ashton Applewhite: Končajmo s starizmom
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Staranje ni tako mučno zaradi minevanja časa. Otežuje ga starizem, predsodek, ki nas hujska proti prihodnjim nam --- in drug drugemu. Ashton Applewhite nas roti, naj razpustimo strah in se mobiliziramo proti zadnjemu družbeno sprejemljivemu predsodku, "Staranje ni težava, ki bi jo bilo treba rešiti ali ozdraviti," pravi. "Je naravni, vseživljenjski proces, ki nas povezuje."
Ashton Applewhite - Author, activist
Ashton Applewhite asks us to look at ageism -- the assumption that older people are alike and that aging impoverishes us. Full bio
Ashton Applewhite asks us to look at ageism -- the assumption that older people are alike and that aging impoverishes us. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
What's one thing that every person
in this room is going to become?
in this room is going to become?
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Kaj se bo zgodilo z vsemi nami?
Postarali se bomo.
00:17
Older.
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00:18
And most of us are scared stiff
at the prospect.
at the prospect.
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In večino nas je tega na smrt strah.
00:20
How does that word make you feel?
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Kakšne občutke vam zbuja ta beseda?
00:23
I used to feel the same way.
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Tudi meni jih je.
00:25
What was I most worried about?
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Kaj me je najbolj skrbelo?
00:27
Ending up drooling
in some grim institutional hallway.
in some grim institutional hallway.
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Da se bom na koncu slinila v kakšnem
mračnem domskem hodniku.
mračnem domskem hodniku.
00:31
And then I learned that only
four percent of older Americans
four percent of older Americans
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Nato pa sem izvedela, da le štirje
odstotki starejših Američanov
odstotki starejših Američanov
00:34
are living in nursing homes,
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živijo v domovih za ostarele
00:35
and the percentage is dropping.
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in odstotek upada.
00:38
What else was I worried about?
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Kaj me je še skrbelo?
00:40
Dementia.
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Demenca.
00:41
Turns out that most of us
can think just fine to the end.
can think just fine to the end.
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Vendar drži, da večina od nas povsem
jasno razmišlja vse do konca.
jasno razmišlja vse do konca.
00:44
Dementia rates are dropping, too.
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Tudi pojavnost demence upada.
00:46
The real epidemic is anxiety
over memory loss.
over memory loss.
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Prava epidemija je strah
pred izgubo spomina.
pred izgubo spomina.
00:49
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
00:51
I also figured that old people
were depressed
were depressed
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Mislila sem tudi, da so stari ljudje potrti,
00:54
because they were old
and they were going to die soon.
and they were going to die soon.
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ker so stari in bodo kmalu umrli.
00:57
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
00:59
It turns out that the longer people live,
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Vendar je res, da dlje ko ljudje živijo,
01:01
the less they fear dying,
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manj se bojijo umreti,
01:02
and that people are happiest at
the beginnings and the end of their lives.
the beginnings and the end of their lives.
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in da smo ljudje najsrečnejši
na začetku in na koncu življenja.
na začetku in na koncu življenja.
01:06
It's called the U-curve of happiness,
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Gre za U-krivuljo sreče
01:08
and it's been borne out
by dozens of studies around the world.
by dozens of studies around the world.
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in podpira jo desetine študij
po vsem svetu.
po vsem svetu.
01:12
You don't have to be a Buddhist
or a billionaire.
or a billionaire.
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Ni vam treba biti budist ali milijonar.
01:14
The curve is a function of the way
aging itself affects the brain.
aging itself affects the brain.
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Krivulja je odsev vpliva
staranja na možgane.
staranja na možgane.
01:19
So I started feeling a lot better
about getting older,
about getting older,
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Tako sem se začela počutiti
bolje glede staranja
bolje glede staranja
01:22
and I started obsessing about why
so few people know these things.
so few people know these things.
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in začela sem tuhtati, zakaj je tako
malo ljudi seznanjenih s temi stvarmi.
malo ljudi seznanjenih s temi stvarmi.
01:27
The reason is ageism:
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Razlog je starizem:
01:29
discrimination and stereotyping
on the basis of age.
on the basis of age.
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diskriminacija in stereotipiziranje
na osnovi starosti.
na osnovi starosti.
01:33
We experience it anytime someone assumes
we're too old for something,
we're too old for something,
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Doživimo ga vsakič, kadar nekdo
domneva, da smo za nekaj prestari,
domneva, da smo za nekaj prestari,
01:37
instead of finding out who we are
and what we're capable of,
and what we're capable of,
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namesto da bi poizvedel, kdo smo
in česa smo sposobni.
in česa smo sposobni.
01:40
or too young.
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Ali premladi!
01:41
Ageism cuts both ways.
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Starizem zareže na obe strani.
01:44
All -isms are socially constructed
ideas -- racism, sexism, homophobia --
ideas -- racism, sexism, homophobia --
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Vsi -izmi so družbeno ustvarjene ideje –
rasizem, seksizem, homofobija –
rasizem, seksizem, homofobija –
01:49
and that means we make them up,
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kar pomeni, da si jih izmislimo
01:51
and they can change over time.
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in sčasoma se lahko spremenijo.
01:54
All these prejudices
pit us against each other
pit us against each other
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Zaradi vseh teh predsodkov
se merimo med sabo
se merimo med sabo
01:57
to maintain the status quo,
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in tako ohranjamo status quo,
01:59
like auto workers in the US competing
against auto workers in Mexico
against auto workers in Mexico
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zato ameriški avtomobilski delavci
tekmujejo z mehiškimi,
tekmujejo z mehiškimi,
02:03
instead of organizing for better wages.
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namesto da bi se organizirali
za boljše plače.
za boljše plače.
02:06
(Applause)
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(Aplavz)
02:07
We know it's not OK to allocate
resources by race or by sex.
resources by race or by sex.
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Vemo, da ni prav dodeljevati sredstev
na osnovi rase ali spola.
na osnovi rase ali spola.
02:12
Why should it be OK to weigh
the needs of the young against the old?
the needs of the young against the old?
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Zakaj bi bilo prav presojati potrebe
mladih proti potrebam starih?
mladih proti potrebam starih?
02:16
All prejudice relies on "othering" --
seeing a group of people
seeing a group of people
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Vsi predsodki izhajajo iz »drugosti« -
videti skupino ljudi
videti skupino ljudi
02:20
as other than ourselves:
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kot druge:
02:21
other race, other religion,
other nationality.
other nationality.
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druge rase, druge religije,
druge narodnosti.
druge narodnosti.
02:25
The strange thing about ageism:
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Nenavadno pri starizmu je,
02:27
that other is us.
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da smo drugi mi.
02:30
Ageism feeds on denial --
our reluctance to acknowledge
our reluctance to acknowledge
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Starizem se hrani z zanikanjem –
z našim odporom, da bi pripoznali,
z našim odporom, da bi pripoznali,
02:33
that we are going to become
that older person.
that older person.
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da bomo postali tisti starejši ljudje.
02:36
It's denial when we try
to pass for younger
to pass for younger
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Zanikamo, kadar se trudimo,
da bi nas imeli za mlajše,
da bi nas imeli za mlajše,
02:39
or when we believe in anti-aging products,
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ali kadar verjamemo
v izdelke proti staranju
v izdelke proti staranju
02:42
or when we feel like our bodies
are betraying us,
are betraying us,
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ali kadar čutimo, kakor
da bi nas izdajalo telo -
da bi nas izdajalo telo -
02:45
simply because they are changing.
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samo zato, ker se spreminja.
02:48
Why on earth do we stop celebrating
the ability to adapt and grow
the ability to adapt and grow
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Zakaj, presneto, ne slavimo zmožnosti,
da se prilagajamo in razvijamo,
da se prilagajamo in razvijamo,
02:52
as we move through life?
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ko stopamo skozi življenje?
02:54
Why should aging well mean
struggling to look and move
struggling to look and move
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Zakaj bi lepo staranje
pomenilo bitko za to,
pomenilo bitko za to,
da smo videti in se gibljemo
kot mlajše različice sebe?
kot mlajše različice sebe?
02:57
like younger versions of ourselves?
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02:59
It's embarrassing
to be called out as older
to be called out as older
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Mučno je, da nas razglasijo za starejše,
03:02
until we quit being embarrassed about it,
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dokler se ne prenehamo mučiti s tem,
03:04
and it's not healthy to go through life
dreading our futures.
dreading our futures.
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in res ni zdravo živeti
v strahu pred prihodnostjo.
v strahu pred prihodnostjo.
03:07
The sooner we get off
this hamster wheel of age denial,
this hamster wheel of age denial,
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Prej ko stopimo s kolesja
zanikanja starosti,
zanikanja starosti,
03:10
the better off we are.
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bolje nam je.
03:13
Stereotypes are always
a mistake, of course,
a mistake, of course,
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Stereotipi so seveda vedno napaka,
03:15
but especially when it comes to age,
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še zlasti kar zadeva starost,
03:17
because the longer we live,
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kajti dlje ko živimo,
03:18
the more different
from one another we become.
from one another we become.
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bolj se razlikujemo med seboj.
03:21
Right? Think about it.
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Je tako? Pomislite.
03:22
And yet, we tend to think of everyone
in a retirement home
in a retirement home
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Pa vendar, vsem stanovalcem
domov za upokojence
domov za upokojence
navadno pripisujemo enako starost:
stari so …
stari so …
03:25
as the same age: old --
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03:27
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
03:28
when they can span four decades.
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čeprav se njihova starost
razteza čez štiri desetletja.
razteza čez štiri desetletja.
03:31
Can you imagine thinking that way
about a group of people
about a group of people
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Bi lahko tako razmišljali
o skupini ljudi
o skupini ljudi
03:33
between the ages of 20 and 60?
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med 20-tim in 60-tim letom starosti?
03:36
When you get to a party, do you head
for people your own age?
for people your own age?
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Ali se približate ljudem svoje starosti,
kadar pridete na zabavo?
kadar pridete na zabavo?
03:39
Have you ever grumbled
about entitled millennials?
about entitled millennials?
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Kdaj godrnjate
nad vase zagledanimi milenijci?
nad vase zagledanimi milenijci?
03:43
Have you ever rejected a haircut
or a relationship or an outing
or a relationship or an outing
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Ste kdaj zavrnili pričesko
ali odnos ali izlet,
ali odnos ali izlet,
03:47
because it's not age-appropriate?
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ker je bil starostno neprimeren?
03:49
For adults, there's no such thing.
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Za odrasle ljudi tega ni.
03:51
All these behaviors are ageist.
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Vsi ti vedenjski vzorci so staristični.
03:53
We all do them,
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Značilni so za vse
03:55
and we can't challenge bias
unless we're aware of it.
unless we're aware of it.
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in ne moremo se spopasti s predsodki,
dokler jih ne ozavestimo.
dokler jih ne ozavestimo.
03:58
Nobody's born ageist,
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Nihče se ne rodi starističen,
04:00
but it starts at early childhood,
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toda začne se v zgodnjem otroštvu,
04:01
around the same time attitudes
towards race and gender start to form,
towards race and gender start to form,
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približno takrat, ko se začne oblikovati
odnos do rase in spola,
odnos do rase in spola,
04:05
because negative messages
about late life bombard us
about late life bombard us
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kajti občila in popularna kultura
nas na vsakem koraku
nas na vsakem koraku
04:08
from the media and popular
culture at every turn.
culture at every turn.
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bombardirajo z negativnimi
sporočili o poznih letih.
sporočili o poznih letih.
04:12
Right? Wrinkles are ugly.
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Je tako? Gube so grde.
04:13
Old people are pathetic.
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Stari ljudje so patetični.
04:15
It's sad to be old.
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Žalostno je biti star.
04:17
Look at Hollywood.
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Poglejte Hollywood.
Študija o nedavnih nominacijah
za najboljši film
za najboljši film
04:18
A survey of recent
Best Picture nominations
Best Picture nominations
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04:20
found that only 12 percent
of speaking or named characters
of speaking or named characters
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je odkrila, da je le 12 odstotkov vlog
04:24
were age 60 and up,
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namenjenih 60-letnikom ali starejšim,
04:25
and many of them
were portrayed as impaired.
were portrayed as impaired.
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in mnogi so upodobljeni kot invalidni.
Starejši ljudje so lahko
najbolj staristični od vseh,
najbolj staristični od vseh,
04:29
Older people can be
the most ageist of all,
the most ageist of all,
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04:31
because we've had a lifetime
to internalize these messages
to internalize these messages
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saj smo vse življenje
ponotranjali ta sporočila
ponotranjali ta sporočila
04:34
and we've never thought to challenge them.
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in nismo nikoli pomislili,
da bi jim oporekali.
da bi jim oporekali.
Morala sem si priznati
04:36
I had to acknowledge it
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in prenehati s skrivnim sodelovanjem.
04:38
and stop colluding.
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Domislice o »seniorskih trenutkih«,
na primer:
na primer:
04:40
"Senior moment" quips, for example:
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opustila sem jih, ko se mi je posvetilo,
04:42
I stopped making them when it dawned on me
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da v srednji šoli nisem pripisala
izgube avtomobilskih ključev
izgube avtomobilskih ključev
04:44
that when I lost
the car keys in high school,
the car keys in high school,
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04:46
I didn't call it a "junior moment."
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»juniorskemu trenutku«.
04:48
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
04:50
I stopped blaming
my sore knee on being 64.
my sore knee on being 64.
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Prenehala sem obtoževati svoje
boleče koleno, da ima 64 let.
boleče koleno, da ima 64 let.
04:53
My other knee doesn't hurt,
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Drugo koleno me ne boli,
04:55
and it's just as old.
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pa je iste starosti.
04:56
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
04:59
(Applause)
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(Aplavz)
05:00
We are all worried about
some aspect of getting older,
some aspect of getting older,
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Vsi se bojimo kakšnega vidika staranja,
pa naj gre za to, da nam
bo zmanjkalo denarja,
bo zmanjkalo denarja,
05:03
whether running out of money,
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05:04
getting sick, ending up alone,
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da bomo zboleli ali osameli,
05:07
and those fears are legitimate and real.
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in ti strahovi so upravičeni in stvarni.
05:10
But what never dawns on most of us
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Toda povečini se nam še posveti ne,
05:12
is that the experience of reaching old age
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da je dosega poznih let
05:14
can be better or worse
depending on the culture
depending on the culture
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lahko boljša ali slabša glede na kulturo,
05:16
in which it takes place.
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v kateri živimo.
05:18
It is not having a vagina
that makes life harder for women.
that makes life harder for women.
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Življenje žensk ni težje zato,
ker imajo nožnico.
ker imajo nožnico.
05:22
It's sexism.
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Težje je zaradi seksizma.
05:23
(Applause)
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(Aplavz)
05:25
It's not loving a man that makes
life harder for gay guys.
life harder for gay guys.
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In življenje gejev ni težje zato,
ker ljubijo moške,
ker ljubijo moške,
05:27
It's homophobia.
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marveč zaradi homofobije.
05:29
And it is not the passage of time
that makes getting older
that makes getting older
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In ni minevanje časa tisto,
zaradi česar je staranje toliko težje
zaradi česar je staranje toliko težje
05:32
so much harder than it has to be.
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kot bi lahko bilo.
Težje je zaradi starizma.
05:34
It is ageism.
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Kadar stežka preberemo etikete na izdelkih
05:35
When labels are hard to read
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05:37
or there's no handrail
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ali kadar ni stopniščne ograje
05:38
or we can't open the damn jar,
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ali kadar ne moremo odpreti konzerve,
05:40
we blame ourselves,
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obtožujemo sebe
05:41
our failure to age successfully,
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in svoje neuspešno staranje
05:44
instead of the ageism that makes
those natural transitions shameful
those natural transitions shameful
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namesto starizma, ki spreminja te
naravne prehode v sramotne,
naravne prehode v sramotne,
05:48
and the discrimination that makes
those barriers acceptable.
those barriers acceptable.
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in diskriminacije, zaradi katere
so te ovire sprejemljive.
so te ovire sprejemljive.
05:52
You can't make money off satisfaction,
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Z zadovoljstvom ne morete služiti denarja,
05:54
but shame and fear create markets,
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osramočenost in strah
pa zagotovo ustvarjata trge,
pa zagotovo ustvarjata trge,
05:57
and capitalism always needs new markets.
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in kapitalizem vedno potrebuje nove trge.
06:00
Who says wrinkles are ugly?
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Kdo pravi, da so gube grde?
06:02
The multi-billion-dollar
skin care industry.
skin care industry.
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Multimiljardna kozmetična industrija.
06:05
Who says perimenopause and low T
and mild cognitive impairment
and mild cognitive impairment
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Kdo trdi, da so perimenopavza
in nizek testosteron
in nizek testosteron
in blažje kognitivne okvare
zdravstvene težave?
zdravstvene težave?
06:09
are medical conditions?
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06:10
The trillion-dollar
pharmaceutical industry.
pharmaceutical industry.
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Multimilijardna farmacevtska industrija.
06:12
(Cheers)
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(Vzklikanje)
06:13
The more clearly we see
these forces at work,
these forces at work,
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Bolj jasno ko vidimo te sile na delu,
06:16
the easier it is to come up
with alternative, more positive
with alternative, more positive
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lažje se domislimo alternative,
pozitivnejših
pozitivnejših
06:19
and more accurate narratives.
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in točnejših zgodb.
06:22
Aging is not a problem to be fixed
or a disease to be cured.
or a disease to be cured.
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Staranje ni problem, niti bolezen,
ki bi jo bilo treba ozdraviti.
ki bi jo bilo treba ozdraviti.
06:26
It is a natural, powerful,
lifelong process that unites us all.
lifelong process that unites us all.
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Je naraven, pomemben,
vseživljenjski proces, ki nas povezuje.
vseživljenjski proces, ki nas povezuje.
06:32
Changing the culture is a tall order,
I know that, but culture is fluid.
I know that, but culture is fluid.
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Sprememba kulture je težavno delo,
vem, toda kultura je spremenljiva.
vem, toda kultura je spremenljiva.
Poglejte, kako zelo se je spremenil
položaj žensk v času mojega življenja
položaj žensk v času mojega življenja
06:36
Look at how much the position
of women has changed in my lifetime
of women has changed in my lifetime
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06:40
or the incredible strides
that the gay rights movement
that the gay rights movement
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ali neverjetne korake, ki jih je naredilo
gibanje za pravice gejev
gibanje za pravice gejev
06:42
has made in just a few decades, right?
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v pičlih nekaj desetletjih.
06:44
(Applause)
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(Aplavz)
06:45
Look at gender.
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Poglejte spol.
O njem smo razmišljali kot o binarnem,
moškem in ženskem,
moškem in ženskem,
06:47
We used to think of it
as a binary, male or female,
as a binary, male or female,
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06:50
and now we understand it's a spectrum.
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danes pa razumemo, da je spekter.
06:52
It is high time to ditch
the old-young binary, too.
the old-young binary, too.
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Skrajni čas je, da se znebimo
tudi dvojnosti star-mlad.
tudi dvojnosti star-mlad.
06:55
There is no line in the sand
between old and young,
between old and young,
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Starih in mladih ne ločuje črta v pesku,
06:58
after which it's all downhill.
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po kateri bi šlo samo še navzdol.
In dlje ko odlašamo
z zoperstavljanjem tej zamisli,
z zoperstavljanjem tej zamisli,
07:00
And the longer we wait
to challenge that idea,
to challenge that idea,
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07:02
the more damage it does
to ourselves and our place in the world,
to ourselves and our place in the world,
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več škode delamo sebi
in svojemu mestu na svetu,
in svojemu mestu na svetu,
07:06
like in the workforce,
where age discrimination is rampant.
where age discrimination is rampant.
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recimo med delavci, kjer je
starostna diskriminacija nebrzdana.
starostna diskriminacija nebrzdana.
07:10
In Silicon Valley, engineers
are getting Botoxed and hair-plugged
are getting Botoxed and hair-plugged
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Inženirji v Silikonski dolini si
vbrizgavajo botoks in presajajo lase
vbrizgavajo botoks in presajajo lase
pred pomembnimi intervjuji -
07:14
before key interviews --
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in to so visoko usposobljeni
belci tridesetih let,
belci tridesetih let,
07:15
and these are skilled
white men in their 30s,
white men in their 30s,
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predstavljajte si, kako je šele
nižje v prehranski verigi.
nižje v prehranski verigi.
07:17
so imagine the effects
further down the food chain.
further down the food chain.
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07:20
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
07:22
The personal and economic
consequences are devastating.
consequences are devastating.
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Posledice za ljudi
in gospodarstvo so uničujoče.
in gospodarstvo so uničujoče.
07:26
Not one stereotype about older workers
holds up under scrutiny.
holds up under scrutiny.
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Niti en stereotip o starejših delavcih
ne zdrži natančnejšega pogleda.
ne zdrži natančnejšega pogleda.
07:30
Companies aren't adaptable and creative
because their employees are young;
because their employees are young;
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Podjetja niso prilagodljiva in
ustvarjalna, ker zaposlujejo mlade,
ustvarjalna, ker zaposlujejo mlade,
07:34
they're adaptable and creative despite it.
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prilagodljiva in ustvarjalna
so kljub temu.
so kljub temu.
07:37
Companies --
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Podjetja …
07:38
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
07:39
(Applause)
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(Aplavz)
07:42
We know that diverse companies
aren't just better places to work;
aren't just better places to work;
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Vemo, da raznolika podjetja
niso le boljša delovna okolja;
niso le boljša delovna okolja;
07:45
they work better.
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tudi uspešnejša so.
07:46
And just like race and sex,
age is a criterion for diversity.
age is a criterion for diversity.
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Prav kot rasa in spol
je tudi starost kriterij raznolikosti.
je tudi starost kriterij raznolikosti.
07:51
A growing body of fascinating research
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Čedalje več fascinantnih raziskav kaže,
07:53
shows that attitudes towards aging
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da odnos do starosti
07:54
affect how our minds and bodies
function at the cellular level.
function at the cellular level.
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vpliva na delovanje uma
in telesa na celični ravni.
in telesa na celični ravni.
07:58
When we talk to older people
like this (Speaks more loudly)
like this (Speaks more loudly)
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Kadar govorimo s starejšimi
tako (govori glasneje)
tako (govori glasneje)
ali jih nagovarjamo z »dragico«
ali »mlado gospo« -
ali »mlado gospo« -
08:01
or call them "sweetie" or "young lady" --
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08:03
it's called elderspeak --
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gre za starostno govorico -
08:04
they appear to instantly age,
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se v trenutku postarajo
08:06
walking and talking less competently.
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ter se bolj negotovo gibljejo in govorijo.
08:09
People with more positive
feelings towards aging
feelings towards aging
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Ljudje s pozitivnejšimi občutki
glede staranja
glede staranja
hodijo hitreje,
08:11
walk faster,
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boljši so v spominskih preizkusih,
08:13
they do better on memory tests,
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08:14
they heal quicker, and they live longer.
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hitreje ozdravijo in dlje živijo.
08:18
Even with brains
full of plaques and tangles,
full of plaques and tangles,
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Kljub možganom,
ki so polni plakov in vozlov.
ki so polni plakov in vozlov.
08:20
some people stayed sharp to the end.
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1980
Nekateri ostanejo bistri do konca.
08:23
What did they have in common?
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Kaj imajo skupnega?
08:24
A sense of purpose.
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Občutek smisla.
08:26
And what's the biggest obstacle
to having a sense of purpose in late life?
to having a sense of purpose in late life?
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In kaj je največja ovira
za občutek smisla v poznih letih?
za občutek smisla v poznih letih?
08:29
A culture that tells us that getting older
means shuffling offstage.
means shuffling offstage.
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Kultura, ki nam govori, da staranje
pomeni podrsavanje v zakulisju.
pomeni podrsavanje v zakulisju.
08:33
That's why the World Health
Organization is developing
Organization is developing
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Zato tudi Svetovna zdravstvena
organizacija oblikuje
organizacija oblikuje
globalno protistarostno iniciativo,
08:36
a global anti-ageism initiative
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08:38
to extend not just
life span but health span.
life span but health span.
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da bi poleg življenja
podaljšali tudi zdravje.
podaljšali tudi zdravje.
08:42
Women experience the double whammy
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2009
Ženske živijo pod dvojnim pritiskom
08:44
of ageism and sexism,
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starizma in seksizma,
08:45
so we experience aging differently.
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zato drugače doživljamo staranje.
08:48
There's a double standard
at work here -- shocker --
at work here -- shocker --
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Gre za delovanje
dvojnega merila - šokantno -
dvojnega merila - šokantno -
08:51
(Laughter)
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(Smeh)
08:52
the notion that aging enhances men
and devalues women.
and devalues women.
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zamisel, da staranje izboljša moške
in razvrednoti ženske.
in razvrednoti ženske.
08:56
Women reinforce this double standard
when we compete to stay young,
when we compete to stay young,
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In ženske podpiramo to dvojno merilo,
kadar tekmujemo, da bi ostale mlade,
kadar tekmujemo, da bi ostale mlade,
09:00
another punishing and losing proposition.
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s čimer dodatno izgubljamo.
09:03
Does any woman in this room really believe
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Ali katera ženska v tej dvorani
resnično misli,
resnično misli,
09:06
that she is a lesser version --
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1986
da je slabša različica -
09:08
less interesting, less fun in bed,
less valuable --
less valuable --
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manj zanimiva, slabša v postelji,
manj vredna -
manj vredna -
09:11
than the woman she once was?
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1991
od ženske, kakršna je nekoč bila?
Ta diskriminacija škoduje našemu zdravju,
09:14
This discrimination affects our health,
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09:16
our well-being and our income,
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počutju in dohodku
09:18
and the effects add up over time.
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in posledice se s časom prištevajo.
09:20
They are further compounded
by race and by class,
by race and by class,
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Dodatno jih stopnjujeta rasa
in družbeni razred,
in družbeni razred,
09:23
which is why, everywhere in the world,
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zato so stare nebelske ženske
09:25
the poorest of the poor
are old women of color.
are old women of color.
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najrevnejše od revnih.
09:29
What's the takeaway from that map?
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1997
Kaj je ključni poudarek vsega tega?
09:31
By 2050, one out of five of us,
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Do leta 2050 bo eden od petih med nami,
09:33
almost two billion people,
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skoraj dve milijardi ljudi,
09:35
will be age 60 and up.
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2022
star 60 let ali več.
09:37
Longevity is a fundamental hallmark
of human progress.
of human progress.
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Dolgoživost je temeljni znak
človeškega napredka.
človeškega napredka.
09:41
All these older people represent a vast
unprecedented and untapped market.
unprecedented and untapped market.
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Vsi ti starejši ljudje predstavljajo
edinstveno in neizkoriščeno tržišče.
edinstveno in neizkoriščeno tržišče.
09:47
And yet, capitalism and urbanization
have propelled age bias
have propelled age bias
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Pa vendar sta kapitalizem in urbanizacija
razširila starostne predsodke
razširila starostne predsodke
09:51
into every corner of the globe,
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2039
v vse kotičke planeta,
09:53
from Switzerland,
where elders fare the best,
where elders fare the best,
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od Švice, kjer se starejšim godi najbolje,
09:55
to Afghanistan, which sits at the bottom
of the Global AgeWatch Index.
of the Global AgeWatch Index.
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do Afganistana, ki čepi na dnu
globalnega starostnega indeksa.
globalnega starostnega indeksa.
10:00
Half of the world's countries
aren't mentioned on that list
aren't mentioned on that list
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Seznam ne zajema polovice držav na svetu,
10:03
because we don't bother to collect data
on millions of people
on millions of people
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saj se nam ne zdi vredno zbirati
podatkov o milijonih ljudi,
podatkov o milijonih ljudi,
10:07
because they're no longer young.
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ki niso več mladi.
10:09
Almost two-thirds of people
over 60 around the world
over 60 around the world
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Skoraj dve tretjini ljudi nad 60. letom
10:12
say they have trouble
accessing healthcare.
accessing healthcare.
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ima težave z zdravstveno oskrbo.
10:15
Almost three-quarters say their income
doesn't cover basic services
doesn't cover basic services
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Skoraj tri četrtine jih pravi, da njihov
dohodek ne krije osnovnih potreb,
dohodek ne krije osnovnih potreb,
10:18
like food, water, electricity,
and decent housing.
and decent housing.
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kot so voda, hrana, elektrika
in spodobno bivanje.
in spodobno bivanje.
10:23
Is this the world we want our children,
who may well live to be a hundred,
who may well live to be a hundred,
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Želimo, da bodo naši otroci, ki bodo
verjetno živeli do stotega leta,
verjetno živeli do stotega leta,
10:27
to inherit?
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podedovali tak svet?
10:28
Everyone -- all ages,
all genders, all nationalities --
all genders, all nationalities --
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Vsi - vseh starosti,
spolov, narodnosti -
spolov, narodnosti -
10:32
is old or future-old,
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so stari ali bodo stari,
10:34
and unless we put an end to it,
ageism will oppress us all.
ageism will oppress us all.
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in če ne bomo pregnali starizma,
bo zatiral vse.
bo zatiral vse.
10:38
And that makes it a perfect target
for collective advocacy.
for collective advocacy.
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Zaradi česar je odlična tarča
za kolektivno javno zavzemanje.
za kolektivno javno zavzemanje.
10:43
Why add another -ism to the list
when so many, racism in particular,
when so many, racism in particular,
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Čemu dodati še en -izem na seznam,
ko pa se je nujno boriti
ko pa se je nujno boriti
10:47
call out for action?
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proti mnogim, zlasti rasizmu?
10:49
Here's the thing:
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Gre za to,
10:50
we don't have to choose.
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da nam ni treba izbirati.
10:52
When we make the world
a better place to grow old in,
a better place to grow old in,
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Kajti ko bo svet postal
boljši kraj za staranje,
boljši kraj za staranje,
10:54
we make it a better place
in which to be from somewhere else,
in which to be from somewhere else,
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bo boljši kraj tudi za tiste od drugod,
10:58
to have a disability,
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1534
za telesno in umsko prizadete,
10:59
to be queer, to be non-rich,
to be non-white.
to be non-white.
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drugače spolno usmerjene,
nebogate in nebele.
nebogate in nebele.
11:03
And when we show up at all ages
for whatever cause matters most to us --
for whatever cause matters most to us --
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In kadar se ljudje vseh starosti zavzamemo
za nekaj, kar nam je pomembno -
za nekaj, kar nam je pomembno -
11:07
save the whales, save the democracy --
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reševanje kitov, reševanje demokracije –
11:10
we not only make
that effort more effective,
that effort more effective,
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je naše prizadevanje bolj učinkovito,
11:13
we dismantle ageism in the process.
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v procesu pa tudi uničujemo starizem.
11:16
Longevity is here to stay.
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Dolgoživost je tu in bo ostala.
11:18
A movement to end ageism is underway.
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Gibanje proti starizmu je v teku.
11:20
I'm in it, and I hope you will join me.
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V njem sem in upam,
da se mi boste pridružili.
da se mi boste pridružili.
11:24
(Applause and cheers)
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(Aplavz in vzklikanje)
11:28
Thank you. Let's do it! Let's do it!
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Hvala. Naredimo to! Naredimo to!
11:33
(Applause)
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(Aplavz)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ashton Applewhite - Author, activistAshton Applewhite asks us to look at ageism -- the assumption that older people are alike and that aging impoverishes us.
Why you should listen
Ashton Applewhite would like us to think differently about growing older. As she writes: "Aging is a natural, lifelong, powerful process that unites us all. So how come so many of us unthinkingly assume that depression, diapers, and dementia lie ahead? Because of ageism -- the last socially sanctioned prejudice."
She's the author of This Chair Rocks: A Manifesto Against Ageism and is the voice of the Yo, Is This Ageist? blog. She is also the author of Cutting Loose: Why Women Who End Their Marriages Do So Well -- and was a clue on Jeopardy! as the author of the mega bestseller series, Truly Tasteless Jokes. (Who is Blanche Knott?)
Ashton Applewhite | Speaker | TED.com