TEDGlobal 2013
David Steindl-Rast: Want to be happy? Be grateful
大衛·斯坦德拉 （David Steindl-Rast）: 想快樂？感謝吧！
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全人類有一個共通點，就是我們每一個人都想要快樂，大衛·斯坦德拉弟兄，一位修士及跨宗教的學者如是說。而他提議，快樂從感謝而生。這鼓舞人心的一課，要人們慢下來，看看自己何去何從，及最重要的，要感謝。
David Steindl-Rast - Monk
Brother David Steindl-Rast, a Benedictine monk, meditates and writes on "the gentle power" of gratefulness. Full bio
Brother David Steindl-Rast, a Benedictine monk, meditates and writes on "the gentle power" of gratefulness. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:12
There is something
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有件事
00:14
you know about me, something very personal,
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你懂我，非常私人的事
00:19
and there is something I know about
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而有件事我也懂
00:22
every one of you
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在座每一個人
00:24
and that's very central to your concerns.
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而且這是你非常關心的事
00:28
There is something that we know
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有件事我們都能懂
00:31
about everyone we meet anywhere in the world,
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與我們遇到的每個人有關
無論是在世上的某一處
無論是在世上的某一處
00:33
on the street,
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還是在大街上
00:37
that is the very mainspring
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那是他們非常主要的動力
00:40
of whatever they do
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無論他們在做什麼
00:42
and whatever they put up with,
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還是在忍受什麼
00:46
and that is that all of us
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那就是我們所有的人
00:49
want to be happy.
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都想要快樂
00:52
In this, we are all together.
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在這件事上，我們站在同一陣線
00:55
How we imagine our happiness,
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我們如何想像我們的快樂
00:58
that differs from one another,
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每個人都不相同
01:00
but it's already a lot that we have all in common,
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但是我們已經有夠多的共同處了
01:05
that we want to be happy.
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就是我們想要快樂
01:09
Now my topic is gratefulness.
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那麼，我的講題是感謝
01:12
How is the connection between
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如何把
01:15
happiness and gratefulness?
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快樂與感謝連在一起？
01:19
Many people would say, well, that's very easy.
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很多人可能會說，嗯，那很簡單
01:22
When you are happy, you are grateful.
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當你快樂的時候你就會感謝
01:26
But think again.
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但重新思索一下
01:29
Is it really the happy people that are grateful?
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真的是快樂的人都心懷感謝嗎？
01:34
We all know quite a number of people
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我們都認識一些人
01:38
who have everything that it would take to be happy,
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擁有每一件能讓他們快樂的東西
01:42
and they are not happy,
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但他們並不快樂
01:44
because they want something else
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因為他們想要別的東西
01:46
or they want more of the same.
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或他們想要更多已經擁有的
01:50
And we all know people
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我們都認識一些人
01:52
who have lots of misfortune,
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非常不幸
01:57
misfortune that we ourselves would not want to have,
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連我們自己都不會想要的不幸
02:00
and they are deeply happy.
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而他們卻無比的快樂
02:03
They radiate happiness. You are surprised.
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他們散發出快樂。你會很驚訝
02:07
Why? Because they are grateful.
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為什麼？因為他們感謝
02:10
So it is not happiness that makes us grateful.
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所以不是快樂讓我們感謝
02:14
It's gratefulness that makes us happy.
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而是感謝讓我們快樂
02:17
If you think it's happiness that makes you grateful,
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如果你認為是快樂讓你感謝
02:20
think again.
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再思索一下
02:22
It's gratefulness that makes you happy.
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是感謝讓你快樂
02:26
Now, we can ask,
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那麼，我們要問
02:28
what really do we mean by gratefulness?
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我們所說的感謝到底是甚麼意思？
02:32
And how does it work?
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又是如何起作用？
02:37
I appeal to your own experience.
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我懇請你想想你自己的經驗
02:39
We all know from experience how it goes.
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我們都從經驗知道這如何發生
02:43
We experience something
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我們經歷某件
02:45
that's valuable to us.
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對我們極寶貴的事
02:48
Something is given to us that's valuable to us.
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某件賜與我們的事，我們視為至寶
02:53
And it's really given.
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是真的賜與我們的
02:55
These two things have to come together.
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這兩件事必須一起發生
02:58
It has to be something valuable,
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它必須是有價值的東西
03:01
and it's a real gift.
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且是一個真正的禮物
03:03
You haven't bought it. You haven't earned it.
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你沒有買下它，你沒有賺得它
03:06
You haven't traded it in. You haven't worked for it.
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你沒有拿什麼來交換它
你也沒有為它而努力
你也沒有為它而努力
03:09
It's just given to you.
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就是送給了你
03:10
And when these two things come together,
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而當這兩件事一起發生
03:13
something that's really valuable to me
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某事對我有真正的價值
03:15
and I realize it's freely given,
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且我明瞭它是白白送給我的
03:18
then gratefulness spontaneously
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然後感謝就會自然而然地
03:21
rises in my heart,
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在我心中升起
03:23
happiness spontaneously rises in my heart.
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快樂自然地在我心中升起
03:28
That's how gratefulness happens.
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那就是感謝發生的方式
03:31
Now the key to all this is that
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那麼，這所有的關鍵是
03:39
we cannot only experience this once in a while.
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我們不能只是偶爾經歷這種事
03:44
We cannot only have grateful experiences.
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我們不能僅有感恩的經驗
03:48
We can be people who live gratefully.
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我們可以是活出感謝的人
03:52
Grateful living, that is the thing.
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感謝的生活，就是這樣
03:56
And how can we live gratefully?
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那我們要如何活出感謝？
04:00
By experiencing, by becoming aware
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從體驗，從開始察覺
04:04
that every moment is a given moment, as we say.
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每一個時刻都是賜與
我們的時刻，可以這麼說
我們的時刻，可以這麼說
04:09
It's a gift. You haven't earned it.
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它是個禮物，你不能賺取它
04:11
You haven't brought it about in any way.
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你不能以任何形式買到它
04:14
You have no way of assuring that there will be
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你沒有辦法保證你還有
04:18
another moment given to you,
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下一個賜與你的時刻
04:20
and yet, that's the most valuable thing
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可是那卻是最有價值的事
04:23
that can ever be given to us,
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可以給予我們的
04:26
this moment, with all the opportunity that it contains.
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這個時刻及其中的所有機會
04:31
If we didn't have this present moment,
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假如我們沒有當下這個時刻
04:34
we wouldn't have any opportunity to do anything
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我們不可能有任何機會做任何事
04:37
or experience anything,
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或經歷任何事
04:39
and this moment is a gift.
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所以當下是一個禮物
04:41
It's a given moment, as we say.
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它是白白贈與的時刻，可以這麼說
04:43
Now, we say the gift within this gift
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那麼我們說在這個禮物中的禮物
04:47
is really the opportunity.
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其實是機會
04:50
What you are really grateful for is the opportunity,
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你真正感謝的是這個機會
04:54
not the thing that is given to you,
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而不是給予你的事物
04:56
because if that thing were somewhere else
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因為如果這事物存在於別處
04:58
and you didn't have the opportunity to enjoy it,
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而你沒有機會去享受它
05:02
to do something with it,
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拿它來做些什麼
05:04
you wouldn't be grateful for it.
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你不會為之感謝
05:07
Opportunity is the gift within every gift,
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機會是每件禮物中的禮物
05:11
and we have this saying,
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而我們有句話這麼說
05:13
opportunity knocks only once.
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機會只敲一次門
05:17
Well, think again.
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嗯，再思索一次
05:20
Every moment is a new gift, over and over again,
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每個時刻都是新的禮物
不斷地重複著
不斷地重複著
05:24
and if you miss the opportunity of this moment,
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如果你錯失了當下的這個機會
05:28
another moment is given to us, and another moment.
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另一個時刻又給了我們
還有另一個時刻
還有另一個時刻
05:32
We can avail ourselves of this opportunity,
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我們可以利用這個機會
05:34
or we can miss it,
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或者我們錯失它
05:36
and if we avail ourselves of the opportunity,
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如果我們利用這個機會
05:40
it is the key to happiness.
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這就是通往快樂的關鍵
05:43
Behold the master key to our happiness
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看啊！這通往快樂的主要關鍵
05:46
in our own hands.
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就在我們的手中
05:48
Moment by moment,
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一刻接著一刻
05:50
we can be grateful for this gift.
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我們可以感謝這個禮物
05:53
Does that mean
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這難道意味著
05:56
that we can be grateful for everything?
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我們要感謝每一件事？
05:59
Certainly not.
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當然不是
06:01
We cannot be grateful for violence, for war,
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我們不能為暴力、為戰爭
06:06
for oppression, for exploitation.
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為壓迫、為剝削而感謝
06:09
On the personal level, we cannot be grateful
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在個人方面，我們也不能
06:12
for the loss of a friend, for unfaithfulness,
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為失去朋友、為不忠
06:15
for bereavement.
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為喪失親友而感謝
06:18
But I didn't say we can be grateful for everything.
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但我沒有說我們要為每件事感謝
06:22
I said we can be grateful in every given moment
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我是說我們可以時時刻刻感謝
06:26
for the opportunity,
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感謝其所給予的機會
06:28
and even when we are confronted
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甚至在我們面對
06:32
with something that is terribly difficult,
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極為困難之事
06:35
we can rise to this occasion
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我們可以奮力挑戰
06:37
and respond to the opportunity that is given to us.
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並回應其所給予我們的機會
06:42
It isn't as bad as it might seem.
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那就不像看起來的這麼糟
06:44
Actually, when you look at it and experience it,
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事實上，當你面對並經歷它
06:48
you find that most of the time, what is given to us
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你會發現大部分時間給予我們的
06:52
is opportunity to enjoy,
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是享受的機會
06:54
and we only miss it because
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而我們之所以錯過是因為
06:56
we are rushing through life
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我們忙著在生活中奔波
06:58
and we are not stopping to see the opportunity.
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而我們不曾停下來去看機會
07:01
But once in a while,
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但偶爾
07:03
something very difficult is given to us,
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我們面臨很困難的事
07:06
and when this difficult thing occurs to us,
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當這個困難的事情發生在我們身上
07:10
it's a challenge to rise to that opportunity,
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奮力面對危機是項挑戰
07:14
and we can rise to it by learning something
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但我們能以學習來面對挑戰
07:17
which is sometimes painful.
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而這有時候很痛苦
07:19
Learning patience, for instance.
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譬如說，學習忍耐
07:21
We have been told that the road to peace
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我們都聽說過邁向和平之路
07:24
is not a sprint,
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不是百米衝刺
07:26
but is more like a marathon.
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而更像是馬拉松
07:28
That takes patience. That's difficult.
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那需要忍耐，那很難
07:32
It may be to stand up for your opinion,
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你可能要捍衛你的見解
07:36
to stand up for your conviction.
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捍衛你的信念
07:39
That's an opportunity that is given to us.
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那就是其所給予我們的機會
07:42
To learn, to suffer, to stand up,
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為了學習、經歷、捍衛
07:45
all these opportunities are given to us,
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這些機會都給了我們
07:48
but they are opportunities,
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但是它們是機會
07:49
and those who avail themselves
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而那些會利用機會
07:51
of those opportunities
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而受益的人
07:53
are the ones that we admire.
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是我們所仰慕的
07:55
They make something out of life.
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他們活出生命
07:57
And those who fail get another opportunity.
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而那些失敗的人
會得到另一次機會
會得到另一次機會
08:02
We always get another opportunity.
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我們總是會得到另一次機會
08:05
That's the wonderful richness of life.
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那就是人生精采豐富之處
08:10
So how can we find a method
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所以我們要如何找到方法
08:14
that will harness this?
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駕馭這個？
08:16
How can each one of us find a method
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我們每個人要如何找到方法
08:19
for living gratefully,
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過感謝的生活
08:21
not just once in a while being grateful,
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不是偶一為之的感謝
08:23
but moment by moment to be grateful.
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而是時時刻刻都感謝？
08:26
How can we do it?
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我們該怎麼做？
08:27
It's a very simple method.
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方法很簡單
08:29
It's so simple that it's actually what we were told
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這是如此簡單，其實我們早就聽過了
08:34
as children when we learned to cross the street.
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就在我們還是孩子
學習如何過馬路的時候
學習如何過馬路的時候
08:37
Stop. Look. Go.
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停、看、行動
08:41
That's all.
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如此而已
08:42
But how often do we stop?
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但我們多常停止？
08:45
We rush through life. We don't stop.
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我們在生活中忙碌奔波，我們從不停止
08:48
We miss the opportunity because we don't stop.
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我們錯過機會，因為我們從不停止
08:53
We have to stop. We have to get quiet.
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我們必須停止
我們必須學習平靜安穩
我們必須學習平靜安穩
08:58
And we have to build stop signs
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我們必須架起停止標誌
09:01
into our lives.
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在我們的生活裡
09:03
When I was in Africa some years ago
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幾年前我去了非洲
09:07
and then came back,
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回來之後
09:08
I noticed water.
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我注意到水
09:11
In Africa where I was, I didn't have drinkable water.
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我在非洲落腳的地方沒有飲用水
09:15
Every time I turned on the faucet,
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每次我打開水龍頭
09:17
I was overwhelmed.
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我都大為驚奇
09:20
Every time I clicked on the light,
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而每次我開燈
09:22
I was so grateful. It made me so happy.
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我是如此感謝，它讓我好開心
09:25
But after a while, this wears off.
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但一會兒之後，這種感覺就消退了
09:27
So I put little stickers on the light switch
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所以我在電燈開關上
貼上小小的貼紙
貼上小小的貼紙
09:31
and on the water faucet,
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在水龍頭上也貼
09:32
and every time I turned it on, water.
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每一次我開水龍頭，就有「水」
09:35
So leave it up to your own imagination.
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所以這全看你自己的想像力
09:38
You can find whatever works best for you,
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你可以尋找任何對你最有用的方法
09:40
but you need stop signs in your life.
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但在你的生活中你需要停止標誌
09:44
And when you stop,
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當你停下來
09:46
then the next thing is to look.
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那麼接下來就是看
09:48
You look. You open your eyes.
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你看。你打開你的眼睛
09:50
You open your ears. You open your nose.
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你打開你的耳朵，你打開你的鼻子
09:53
You open all your senses
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你打開你所有的感官
09:55
for this wonderful richness that is given to us.
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為了這賜予我們的美好富足
09:58
There is no end to it,
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這沒有盡頭
10:00
and that is what life is all about,
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而這就是人生
10:03
to enjoy, to enjoy what is given to us.
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去享受，去享受那賜與我們的一切
10:06
And then we can also open our hearts,
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然後我們也可以打開我們的心
10:09
our hearts for the opportunities,
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為這些機會打開我們的心
10:12
for the opportunities also to help others,
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為了這些也能幫助他人的機會
10:15
to make others happy, because
nothing makes us more happy
nothing makes us more happy
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讓別人快樂，因為沒有比
看到所有的人都快樂
看到所有的人都快樂
10:19
than when all of us are happy.
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更讓我們快樂了
10:22
And when we open our hearts to the opportunities,
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而當我們為這些機會打開心房
10:26
the opportunities invite us to do something,
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機會就邀請我們去做一些事
10:30
and that is the third.
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而那就是第三點
10:31
Stop, look, and then go, and really do something.
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停、看、然後行動，真的去做點什麼
10:36
And what we can do is
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而我們能做的就是
10:38
whatever life offers to you in that present moment.
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任何當下人生給予你的事
10:42
Mostly it's the opportunity to enjoy,
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最重要的就是享受的機會
10:47
but sometimes it's something more difficult.
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但有的時候是更困難的事
10:51
But whatever it is, if we take this opportunity,
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但不論是什麼
如果我們把握了這個機會
如果我們把握了這個機會
10:55
we go with it, we are creative,
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我們接受它，我們就有創意
10:58
those are the creative people,
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這些是有創意的人
11:00
and that little stop, look, go,
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而那小小的停、看、行動
11:04
is such a potent seed
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就是這樣一顆有力的種子
11:06
that it can revolutionize our world.
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可以徹底改變我們的世界
11:10
Because we need, we are at the present moment
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因為我們需要，我們就在當下
11:15
in the middle of a change of consciousness,
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就在意識轉變之中
11:19
and you will be surprised if you --
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而你會很驚訝如果你——
11:21
I am always surprised when I hear how many times
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我總是很驚訝，每當我聽到
11:24
this word "gratefulness" and "gratitude" comes up.
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「感謝」及「感激」這個字出現時總是如此
11:27
Everywhere you find it,
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你會發現它無所不在
11:29
a grateful airline, a restaurant gratefulness,
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一家感謝的航空公司
一間感謝的餐廳
一間感謝的餐廳
11:32
a cafe gratefulness, a wine that is gratefulness.
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一家感謝的咖啡店
一種感謝的酒
一種感謝的酒
11:35
Yes, I have even come across a toilet paper
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是的，我甚至看過一種衛生紙
11:39
that the brand is called Thank You. (Laughter)
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品牌名稱是「謝謝」（笑聲）
11:43
There is a wave of gratefulness because
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是有一種感激的潮流，因為
11:45
people are becoming aware how important this is
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人們逐漸意識到這有多重要
11:48
and how this can change our world.
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及這如何能改變我們的世界
11:51
It can change our world
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它可以改變世界
11:54
in immensely important ways,
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在極為重要的方面
11:58
because if you're grateful, you're not fearful,
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因為如果你充滿感激，你就不害怕
12:02
and if you're not fearful, you're not violent.
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而如果你不害怕，你就不暴力
12:05
If you're grateful, you act out of a sense of enough
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如果你感謝，你就表現出滿足感
12:09
and not of a sense of scarcity,
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而不是缺乏感
12:11
and you are willing to share.
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而且你還會願意分享
12:13
If you are grateful, you are enjoying
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如果你很感激，你就會享受
12:16
the differences between people,
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人與人間的不同
12:17
and you are respectful to everybody,
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而你會尊重每一個人
12:20
and that changes this power pyramid
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而那會改變這個權力金字塔
12:22
under which we live.
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我們都活在其下
12:23
And it doesn't make for equality,
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而這不會創造平等
12:26
but it makes for equal respect,
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但這會創造平等的尊重
12:29
and that is the important thing.
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而那是重要的事
12:31
The future of the world will be a network,
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這個世界的未來會是一個網絡
12:34
not a pyramid, not a pyramid turned upside down.
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不是金字塔，也不是顛倒的金字塔
12:38
The revolution of which I am speaking
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我所說的革命
12:40
is a nonviolent revolution,
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是非暴力的革命
12:42
and it's so revolutionary
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而它的變革是如此之大
12:44
that it even revolutionizes
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它甚至要徹底改變
12:46
the very concept of a revolution,
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革命本身的概念
12:49
because a normal revolution is one
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因為一般的革命
12:51
where the power pyramid is turned upside down
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是把權力金字塔顛倒
12:54
and those who were on the bottom
are now on the top
are now on the top
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所以那些原本在底層的人
現在變成頂端
現在變成頂端
12:57
and are doing exactly the same thing
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卻依然做著原本在頂端的人
12:59
that the ones did before.
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之前所做的事
13:02
What we need is a networking of smaller groups,
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我們需要的是一種
更小群組的關係網絡
更小群組的關係網絡
13:06
smaller and smaller groups who know one another,
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彼此知曉、彼此互動的
13:09
who interact with one another,
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群組愈來愈小
13:12
and that is a grateful world.
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而那就是充滿感謝的世界
13:14
A grateful world is a world of joyful people.
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感謝的世界是喜樂的人的世界
13:18
Grateful people are joyful people,
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感謝的人是喜樂的人
13:21
and joyful people,
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而喜樂的人
13:23
the more and more joyful people there are,
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喜樂的人愈多
13:26
the more and more we'll have a joyful world.
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我們就更可能有個喜樂的世界
13:30
We have a network for grateful living,
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我們有一個感謝生活的網絡
13:34
and it has mushroomed.
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而這已如雨後春筍般出現
13:36
We couldn't understand why it mushroomed.
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我們不了解為什麼
它像雨後春筍般出現
它像雨後春筍般出現
13:39
We have an opportunity for people to light a candle
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我們給人們點燃一根蠟燭的機會
13:42
when they are grateful for something.
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在他們為某事而感謝時
13:45
And there have been 15 million candles lit
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而在過去十年中
13:50
in one decade.
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已經有一千五百萬支蠟燭被點起
13:52
People are becoming aware
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人們開始察覺
13:54
that a grateful world is a happy world,
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感激的世界是個快樂的世界
13:58
and we all have the opportunity
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而我們都有機會
14:01
by the simple stop, look, go,
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只要簡單地停、看、行動
14:04
to transform the world,
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就能轉化這個世界
14:06
to make it a happy place.
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使它成為一個快樂的地方
14:08
And that is what I hope for us,
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而那就是我對大家的期望
14:09
and if this has contributed a little
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如果對你有點幫助
14:12
to making you want to do the same,
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讓你也想做同樣的事
14:14
stop, look, go.
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就停、看、行動吧
14:16
Thank you.
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謝謝
14:17
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
David Steindl-Rast - MonkBrother David Steindl-Rast, a Benedictine monk, meditates and writes on "the gentle power" of gratefulness.
Why you should listen
Many first met Brother David Steindl-Rast through a viral video called "Nature. Beauty. Gratitude," where Louie Schwartzberg's footage of time-lapse flowers in bloom is narrated by Brother David's moving words asking us to simply be ... grateful. Since 1953, Brother David has been a monk of Mount Saviour Benedictine monastery in New York, dividing his time between hermitic contemplation, writing and lecturing. He's the cofounder of gratefulness.org, supporting ANG*L (A Network for Grateful Living).
He was one of the first Roman Catholics to participate in Buddhist-Christian dialogue, and is the author of The Ground We Share, a text on Buddhist and Christian practice, written with Robert Aitken Roshi. His other books include Gratefulness, the Heart of Prayer and Deeper Than Words. His most recent book is 99 Blessings, a series of prayers for the general reader -- whether people of faith, agnostics, or uncertain.
David Steindl-Rast | Speaker | TED.com