Emily Balcetis: Why some people find exercise harder than others
艾蜜莉‧芭絲苔: 為何有些人認為運動很難
Social psychologist Emily Balcetis explores perception, motivation, goal-setting and decision-making from conscious and nonconscious levels. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
也是最主要的感覺器官。
我們所看見的東西。
a photograph of a person,
判斷的結果完全不一致。
something entirely different,
去解釋我們身處的世界。
through own mind's eye.
叱咤風雲的球員比起來,
had a hot night at the plate.
decided to test this question.
was running for president
第一次參選總統。
thought photographs like these
that what we were changing
when I look at a person,
有天與地的差別?
is actually relatively small.
大拇指這樣的大小。
都是模糊一片。
看見的東西究竟是什麼。
helps us fill in that gap.
幫助我們補足這些空白的。
is a subjective experience,
其實是大腦給我們看到的。
覺得很有意思。
is thinking and feeling
以全然不同的角度看待這個世界?
decided to delve deeply
要對這項全球知名的議題
都對控制體重有著深深的困擾。
to manage their weight,
keep the pounds off.
the best of intentions
在情人節之前就落空了。
我們可以恢復以往的身材。
帶我們重返往日的理想體重。
to testing these questions,
circumference of their waist,
circumference of their hips.
less physically fit
他們要帶著重物走到終點線,
評估一下到終點的距離。
會影響人們對於距離的感知。
states of their body
they perceived the distance.
的確會有距離感知上的不同。
和體態較好的受測者比起來,
to the finish line
對環境有不同的感受,
perceived the environment.
及有明確目標可尋的人,
the finish line as closer
experiences in this way,
是否會影響我們的經驗感受。
先量取每位受測者的身材,
few other tests of fitness.
to exercise any more.
met their fitness goals
to do anything else.
based on our feedback,
motivated to exercise.
他們極願意去運動健身。
to make it to the finish line.
walk to the finish line,
the distance as farther,
沒有健身動力的人身上。
認為終點線近在眼前,
motivated to exercise
也和體態較好的人推估的相去不遠,
我們認知的終點距離。
to a manageable goal
in the near future
可以實現目標的人,
改變對距離的感知呢?
the vision science literature
we came up with a strategy
我們有了一個想法。
your eyes on the prize."
their attention on the finish line,
模糊難辨。
讓運動看起來容易一點。
lamp post off to the left.
who used this strategy
改變人們的感知經驗呢?
足足短了三成。
體重 15% 等同的重物,
of their body weight.
設計成有點難度,
比較起來的話,
所花的心力少了 17%。
竟可以提升 23% 的速度。
1980 Chevy Citation
建立健康人生的方法之一。
through our own mind's eye,
street in Stockholm, with two cars.
一條漂亮街道,
去看這個世界,
that one of us is right
through our mind's eye,
to see it differently.
從不同的角度去看問題。
都跟我一樣處於低潮。
工作交件日期時,
because a meeting ran long,
也不願陪他去看電影。
bed than go to the movies.
when everybody looks
are other ways of seeing them.
用不同的角度去看待世界。
feeling empathy instead.
既危險又困難艱辛。
that way all the time.
用負面的眼光來看待一切,
to see it differently,
看起來比較友善的方法時,
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Emily Balcetis - PsychologistSocial psychologist Emily Balcetis explores perception, motivation, goal-setting and decision-making from conscious and nonconscious levels.
Why you should listen
The world around us often seems insurmountable, with all the cards stacked against us -- but as social psychologist Emily Balcetis seeks to show, it doesn't have to be that way. Through her research at New York University she explores how small differences in perception, whether conscious or nonconscious, can have potentially major consequences. For example, in a series of studies conducted in 2009 Balcetis helped show that people who saw Barack Obama as lighter skinned tended to report voting for him in the 2008 presidential election -- and vice versa.
Her current work focuses on how video evidence can bias jury members differently and how our vision can work against us when it comes to effective exercise. Balcetis' goal is to show that through our awareness of these biases, we can also overcome them, for an ever so slightly less daunting world.
Emily Balcetis | Speaker | TED.com