ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Elizabeth Dunn - Happiness researcher
Elizabeth Dunn discovers ways that people can optimize their use of time, money and technology in order to maximize their own happiness.

Why you should listen

When Elizabeth Dunn got her first job, she wondered what to do with the money that was suddenly appearing in her bank account. So she teamed up with her friend Mike Norton (at Harvard) to figure out how people could use money to buy the most happiness. She and Norton wrote a book called Happy Money, which presents five research-based principles designed to help individuals and organizations use their money in happier ways. It was selected by the Washington Post as one of the "top 20 books every leader should read."

Recently, her work has focused on how people navigate trade-offs between time and money, and how mobile technology can both support and undermine human happiness. Dunn is an avid skier and surfer, and she survived a shark attack.

More profile about the speaker
Elizabeth Dunn | Speaker | TED.com
TED2019

Elizabeth Dunn: Helping others makes us happier -- but it matters how we do it

伊麗莎白.鄧恩: 助人為快樂之本——但也要看幫助的方式

Filmed:
3,134,334 views

研究顯示,幫助別人讓我們更快樂。但是,在她對慷慨和喜悅的開創性研究中,社會心理學家伊麗莎白.鄧恩發現有一個玄機:關鍵在於我們幫助的方式。了解我們如何在幫助他人方面做一個關鍵的轉變,可以發揮更大的影響力,並在其過程中提升自己的幸福感。鄧恩說:「我們不要再把助人僅僅視為道德義務,而是要開始將它看作快樂的源泉。」
- Happiness researcher
Elizabeth Dunn discovers ways that people can optimize their use of time, money and technology in order to maximize their own happiness. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

00:12
So, I have a pretty漂亮 fun開玩笑 job工作,
0
730
2999
我有個相當好玩的工作,
00:15
which哪一個 is to figure數字 out
what makes品牌 people happy快樂.
1
3753
3279
就是要找出讓人快樂的原因。
00:19
It's so fun開玩笑, it might威力 almost幾乎 seen看到
a little frivolous輕浮,
2
7561
4750
這件事有趣到
幾乎看起來有點不太正經,
00:24
especially特別 at a time where
we're being存在 confronted面對
3
12335
2435
尤其是在我們面臨
00:26
with some pretty漂亮 depressing壓抑 headlines新聞頭條.
4
14794
2550
令人沮喪的頭條新聞的時候。
00:30
But it turns out that studying研究 happiness幸福
might威力 provide提供 a key
5
18087
4362
然而對快樂的研究,
可能會提供解決棘手問題的關鍵。
00:34
to solving some of the toughest最艱難的
problems問題 we're facing面對.
6
22473
3893
00:39
It's taken採取 me almost幾乎 a decade
to figure數字 this out.
7
27242
3711
我花了近十年才搞清楚。
00:43
Pretty漂亮 early on in my career事業,
8
31567
1649
在我職業生涯的初期,
00:45
I published發表 a paper in "Science科學"
with my collaborators合作者,
9
33240
3296
我和研究夥伴在《科學雜誌》發表
00:48
entitled標題, "Spending開支 Money
on Others其他 Promotes促進 Happiness幸福."
10
36560
3181
題為《為別人花錢讓你更快樂》一文。
00:52
I was very confident信心 in this conclusion結論,
11
40377
2938
我對這個結論非常有信心,
00:55
except for one thing:
12
43339
2036
但有個例外:
00:57
it didn't seem似乎 to apply應用 to me.
13
45399
3115
它似乎不適用於我。
01:00
(Laughter笑聲)
14
48538
1228
(笑聲)
01:01
I hardly幾乎不 ever gave money to charity慈善機構,
15
49790
2302
我很少捐錢給慈善機構,
01:04
and when I did,
16
52116
1192
當我捐的時候,
01:05
I didn't feel that warm glow輝光
I was expecting期待.
17
53332
2842
卻沒有我所期待的心頭暖暖的感覺。
01:08
So I started開始 to wonder奇蹟 if maybe
there was something wrong錯誤 with my research研究
18
56723
6153
於是我開始懷疑是否
我的研究有什麼問題,
01:14
or something wrong錯誤 with me.
19
62900
3003
或者我有什麼問題。
01:19
My own擁有 lackluster乏善可陳 emotional情緒化 response響應
to giving was especially特別 puzzling令人費解
20
67450
5844
我對助人的無感特別令人費解,
01:25
because my follow-up跟進 studies學習 revealed透露
that even toddlers幼兒 exhibited展出 joy喜悅
21
73318
5254
因為我接下來的研究顯示,
即使是幼兒助人也會展露出喜悅。
01:30
from giving to others其他.
22
78596
1627
01:32
In one experiment實驗, my colleagues同事
Kiley基利 Hamlin哈姆林, Lara拉拉 Aknin阿克甯 and I
23
80803
3792
在一項實驗中,
我和兩位同事凱莉、拉拉
01:36
brought kids孩子 just under
the age年齡 of two into the lab實驗室.
24
84619
3603
實驗的對象是快兩歲的孩童。
01:40
Now, as you might威力 imagine想像,
25
88246
1263
正如你所想,
01:41
we had to work with a resource資源
that toddlers幼兒 really care關心 about,
26
89533
4276
我們必須用那個年齡的幼兒
真正關心的東西來做實驗,
01:45
so we used the toddler幼兒 equivalent當量 of gold,
27
93833
3685
所以我們採用對幼兒相當於黃金的
01:49
namely亦即, Goldfish金魚 crackers餅乾.
28
97542
2365
金魚餅乾。
01:51
(Laughter笑聲)
29
99931
1309
(笑聲)
01:53
We gave kids孩子 this windfall暴利
of Goldfish金魚 for themselves他們自己
30
101264
3637
我們發給小孩這筆
金魚餅乾的意外之財,
01:56
and a chance機會 to give
some of their Goldfish金魚 away
31
104925
3017
並讓他們有機會和一隻
名為「猴子」的木偶分享。
01:59
to a puppet木偶 named命名 Monkey.
32
107966
1986
02:02
(Video視頻) Researcher研究員: I found發現
even more treats對待,
33
110495
2130
(影片)研究員:我找到了更多好吃的,
02:04
and I'm going to give them all to you.
34
112649
2285
全都給你。
02:06
Toddler幼兒: Ooh. Thank you.
35
114958
2835
幼兒:哦。謝謝。
02:10
Researcher研究員: But, you know,
I don't see any more treats對待.
36
118712
2726
研究員:但是,好吃的都沒了。
02:13
Will you give one to Monkey?
37
121462
1652
你能不能給猴子一個?
02:16
Toddler幼兒: Yeah.
Researcher研究員: Yeah?
38
124278
1620
幼兒:好。
研究員:好嗎?
02:18
Toddler幼兒: Yeah.
39
126720
1461
幼兒:好。
02:24
Here.
40
132852
1156
這裡。
02:26
Researcher研究員: Ooh, yummy好吃. Mmmm.
41
134032
3747
研究員:哦,好吃。嗯。
02:30
Toddler幼兒: All gone走了, he ate it.
42
138862
1633
幼兒:都沒了,他吃掉了。
02:34
Elizabeth伊麗莎白 Dunn鄧恩: Now, we trained熟練
research研究 assistants助理 to watch these videos視頻
43
142186
3670
伊麗莎白.鄧恩(ED):
我們訓練研究助理來觀看這些影片,
02:37
and code toddlers'幼兒' emotional情緒化 reactions反應.
44
145880
2555
並解讀幼兒的情緒反應。
02:40
Of course課程, we didn't tell them
our hypotheses假設.
45
148459
2154
當然,我們沒有
告訴他們我們的假設。
02:43
The data數據 revealed透露 that toddlers幼兒
were pretty漂亮 happy快樂
46
151357
2812
這些數據表明,當幼兒
得到這堆金魚餅乾,他們非常高興,
02:46
when they got this pile
of Goldfish金魚 for themselves他們自己,
47
154193
2858
02:49
but they were actually其實 even happier幸福
48
157075
1834
但在給掉一些金魚餅乾之後,
02:50
when they got to give
some of their Goldfish金魚 away.
49
158933
2853
他們實際上更快樂。
02:54
And this warm glow輝光 of giving
persists仍然存在 into adulthood成年.
50
162423
4418
而且這個給予的溫暖感受
會持續到成年之後。
02:58
When we analyzed分析 surveys調查
from more than 200,000 adults成年人
51
166865
4245
當我們分析針對全球
20 多萬名成年人所做的調查,
03:03
across橫過 the globe地球,
52
171134
1553
我們看到世界上有將近三分之一的人
03:04
we saw that nearly幾乎 a third第三
of the world's世界 population人口
53
172711
3212
在過去一個月內曾捐錢給慈善機構。
03:07
reported報導 giving at least最小 some money
to charity慈善機構 in the past過去 month.
54
175947
3924
03:12
Remarkably異常, in every一切
major重大的 region地區 of the world世界,
55
180535
4053
值得注意的是,在世界各主要地區,
03:16
people who gave money to charity慈善機構
were happier幸福 than those who did not,
56
184612
4549
即使將個人財務狀況考慮進去,
有捐錢給慈善機構的人
比沒捐的人快樂。
03:21
even after taking服用 into account帳戶
their own擁有 personal個人 financial金融 situation情況.
57
189185
3825
03:25
And this correlation相關 wasn't trivial不重要的.
58
193769
2597
而且這種相關性很強。
03:28
It looked看著 like giving to charity慈善機構
59
196908
2102
看來捐錢給慈善機構
03:31
made製作 about the same相同
difference區別 for happiness幸福
60
199034
2422
帶來的快樂,
相當於收入加倍時帶來的快樂。
03:33
as having twice兩次 as much income收入.
61
201480
2663
03:37
Now, as a researcher研究員,
62
205857
2087
現在,作為一個研究人員,
03:39
if you're lucky幸運 enough足夠
to stumble絆倒 on an effect影響
63
207968
2533
如果你碰到這個效應
03:42
that replicates重複 around the world世界
in children孩子 and adults成年人 alike一樣,
64
210525
4112
是放諸四海、大人小孩皆準,
03:46
you start開始 to wonder奇蹟:
65
214661
1849
你就會想:
03:48
Could this be part部分 of human人的 nature性質?
66
216534
2800
難道這是人的本性?
03:51
We know that pleasure樂趣
reinforces加強 adaptive自適應 behaviors行為
67
219848
4553
我們知道,快樂會強化
有助於適應的行為,
03:56
like eating and sex性別
68
224425
1892
像是食與色
03:58
that help perpetuate延續 our species種類,
69
226341
3051
有助於延續我們的物種,
04:01
and it looked看著 to me like giving
might威力 be one of those behaviors行為.
70
229416
4375
在我看來施捨也許
也是那些行為之一。
04:06
I was really excited興奮 about these ideas思路,
71
234639
2802
這想法很讓我雀躍,
04:09
and I wrote about them
in the "New York紐約 Times."
72
237465
2439
於是我投稿給《紐約時報》。
04:12
One of the people who read this article文章
73
240457
2115
看過這篇文章的人,
04:14
was my accountant會計.
74
242596
1602
包括我的會計師。
04:16
(Laughter笑聲)
75
244222
3045
(笑聲)
是啊。
04:19
Yeah.
76
247291
1162
04:20
At tax time, I found發現 myself
seated坐在 across橫過 from him,
77
248477
4050
在報稅時,我坐在他面前,
看他拿著筆慢慢地點著
04:24
watching觀看 as he slowly慢慢地 tapped竊聽 his pen鋼筆
78
252551
2960
04:27
on the charitable慈善 giving line
of my tax return返回
79
255535
2880
我稅表上慈善捐贈那一欄,
04:30
with this look of, like,
80
258439
2017
臉上掛著像是
04:32
poorly不好 concealed disapproval不贊成.
81
260480
2397
藏不住的不滿意。
04:34
(Laughter笑聲)
82
262901
2051
(笑聲)
04:36
Despite儘管 building建造 my career事業
by showing展示 how great giving can feel,
83
264976
4876
儘管我的事業是建立於研究
施捨能讓你感覺多好之上,
04:41
I actually其實 wasn't doing very much of it.
84
269876
3534
我自己其實沒怎麼捐獻。
04:45
So I resolved解決 to give more.
85
273434
2591
所以,我下定決心要多給一些。
04:48
Around that time,
86
276944
1834
在那段時間,
04:50
devastating破壞性的 stories故事 about
the Syrian敘利亞的 refugee難民 crisis危機
87
278802
3734
關於敘利亞難民危機的悲慘故事
04:54
were everywhere到處.
88
282560
1639
到處都是。
04:56
I really wanted to help,
89
284826
1530
我真的想幫助,
04:58
so I pulled out my credit信用 card.
90
286380
2798
於是我拿出我的信用卡。
05:01
I knew知道 my donations捐款 would probably大概
make a difference區別 for someone有人 somewhere某處,
91
289202
5268
我知道我的捐款可能會
幫到某地方的某個人,
05:06
but going to the website網站
of an effective有效 charity慈善機構
92
294494
2930
但光是上了一家好的慈善機構的網站
05:09
and entering進入 my Visa簽證 number
93
297448
2094
去輸入我的信用卡號,
05:11
still just didn't feel like enough足夠.
94
299566
2438
我總覺得還是不夠。
05:15
That's when I learned學到了
about the Group of Five.
95
303091
3641
這時候,我聽說了「五人組」。
05:19
The Canadian加拿大 government政府
allows允許 any five Canadians加拿大人
96
307717
3587
加拿大政府允許任何五個加拿大人
05:23
to privately私自 sponsor贊助 a family家庭 of refugees難民.
97
311328
3092
以私人力量資助一個難民家庭。
05:27
You have to raise提高 enough足夠 money
to support支持 the family家庭
98
315166
2767
你必須籌集足夠資金來支持那個家庭
05:29
for their first year in Canada加拿大,
99
317957
1933
在加拿大第一年的生活,
05:31
and then they literally按照字面
get on a plane平面 to your city.
100
319914
3676
然後他們便可以上飛機
飛到你住的城市。
05:36
One of the things that I think
is so cool about this program程序
101
324608
3750
我覺得他們的做法中最酷的一點
05:40
is that no one is allowed允許 to do it alone單獨.
102
328382
2461
是不允許有人去單獨去承擔。
05:42
And instead代替 of a Group of Five,
103
330867
2211
結果我們最後不是五人組,
05:45
we ended結束 up partnering夥伴關係
with a community社區 organization組織
104
333102
2513
而是和一個社區組織合作
05:47
and forming成型 a group of 25.
105
335639
2887
組成了一個 25 人組。
05:51
After almost幾乎 two years年份
of paperwork證件 and waiting等候,
106
339716
3771
經過近兩年的手續和等待,
05:55
we learned學到了 that our family家庭
would be arriving到達 in Vancouver溫哥華
107
343511
2694
我們接到通知:我們的家庭
不到六個星期之後將抵達溫哥華。
05:58
in less than six weeks.
108
346229
1858
06:00
They had four sons兒子 and a daughter女兒,
109
348795
2522
他們有四個兒子和一個女兒,
06:03
so we raced賽跑 to find them a place地點 to live生活.
110
351341
2921
於是我們快馬加鞭去為他們找住所。
06:06
We were very lucky幸運 to find them a house,
111
354786
2485
很幸運我們幫他們找到一棟房子,
06:09
but it needed需要 quite相當 a bit of work.
112
357295
1689
但要整修不少地方。
06:11
So my friends朋友 came來了 out
on evenings晚上 and weekends週末
113
359008
2948
所以,我的朋友在晚上和週末出來
06:13
and painted and cleaned清洗
and assembled組裝 furniture家具.
114
361980
3319
幫忙油漆、清洗和組裝家具。
06:17
When the big day came來了,
115
365807
1658
當那一天到來,
06:19
we filled填充 their fridge冰箱
with milk牛奶 and fresh新鮮 fruit水果
116
367489
3406
我們在冰箱裝滿牛奶和新鮮水果,
06:22
and headed當家 to the airport飛機場
to meet遇到 our family家庭.
117
370919
3480
然後去機場迎接我們的家庭。
06:26
It was a little overwhelming壓倒 for everyone大家,
118
374423
3765
那場面讓每個人都有點難以承受,
06:30
especially特別 the four-year-old四十歲.
119
378212
1917
尤其是那四歲的兒子。
06:32
His mother母親 was reunited重聚 with her sister妹妹
120
380646
2927
他的母親得以與她的妹妹團聚,
06:35
who had come to Canada加拿大 earlier
through通過 the same相同 program程序.
121
383597
3055
而她妹妹也是早些時候透過
相同的程序來到加拿大。
06:39
They hadn't有沒有 seen看到 each other in 15 years年份.
122
387074
3517
他們已經 15 年沒見面。
06:43
When you hear that more than
5.6 million百萬 refugees難民 have fled逃離 Syria敘利亞,
123
391952
6418
當你聽到有超過 560 萬
難民逃離敘利亞,
06:50
you're faced面對 with this tragedy悲劇
124
398394
2013
你面對這樣的悲劇
06:52
that the human人的 brain hasn't有沒有 really
evolved進化 to comprehend理解.
125
400431
4710
而人類大腦並沒有
真正進化到能理解。
06:57
It's so abstract抽象.
126
405165
1993
它是如此地抽象。
07:00
Before, if any of us had been asked
to donate 15 hours小時 a month
127
408746
3189
在這之前,如果要我們之中的
任何一人每個月奉獻 15 小時
07:03
to help out with the refugee難民 crisis危機,
128
411959
2575
去幫助難民危機,
07:06
we probably大概 would have said no.
129
414558
2090
我們可能會拒絕。
07:09
But as soon不久 as we took our family家庭
to their new home in Vancouver溫哥華,
130
417545
3501
但帶了我們的家庭到
他們溫哥華的新家之後,
07:13
we all had the same相同 realization實現:
131
421070
2371
我們都有了一致的認知:
07:15
we were just going to do whatever隨你 it took
to help them be happy快樂.
132
423465
3644
我們將要盡一切可能,
幫助他們快樂。
07:19
This experience經驗 made製作 me think
a little more deeply about my research研究.
133
427743
5782
這一經歷使我更深入地
思考我的研究。
07:25
Back in my lab實驗室,
134
433972
1300
在我的實驗室,
07:27
we'd星期三 seen看到 the benefits好處 of giving spike
135
435296
2792
我們會看到給予的好處上揚,
07:30
when people felt a real真實 sense
of connection連接 with those they were helping幫助
136
438112
3976
只要人們覺得與受他們幫助的
人之間建立了真的聯繫,
07:34
and could easily容易 envision預見
the difference區別 they were making製造
137
442112
2715
並可以輕易想像他們真的
在這些人的生活中幫上了忙。
07:36
in those individuals'個人 lives生活.
138
444851
1537
07:39
For example, in one experiment實驗,
139
447333
1871
例如,在一個實驗中,
07:41
we gave participants參與者 an opportunity機會
to donate a bit of money
140
449228
2911
我們給參與者有機會捐一點錢
07:44
to either UNICEF聯合國兒童基金會 or Spread傳播 the Net.
141
452163
2588
給「聯合國兒童基金會」
或「廣發蚊帳」兩者之一。
07:46
We chose選擇 these charities慈善機構 intentionally故意地,
142
454775
2272
我們故意選擇這兩個慈善機構,
07:49
because they were partners夥伴 and shared共享
the same相同 critically危重 important重要 goal目標
143
457071
3851
因為他們是合作夥伴,
有著相同的重要目標,
07:52
of promoting促進 children's兒童 health健康.
144
460946
1542
就是促進兒童健康。
07:55
But I think UNICEF聯合國兒童基金會 is just
such這樣 a big, broad廣闊 charity慈善機構
145
463798
4642
但我認為,「聯合國兒童基金會」
是個大而廣泛的慈善事業,
08:00
that it can be a little hard to envision預見
146
468464
1983
會讓你難以想像
08:02
how your own擁有 small donation捐款
will make a difference區別.
147
470471
3230
自己的小小捐贈能有多大作為。
08:06
In contrast對比, Spread傳播 the Net
offers報價 donors捐助者 a concrete具體 promise諾言:
148
474245
5022
相比之下,「廣發蚊帳」
給了捐助者具體的承諾:
08:11
for every一切 10 dollars美元 donated捐贈,
149
479291
1605
每捐贈 10 元,
08:12
they provide提供 one bed net
to protect保護 a child兒童 from malaria瘧疾.
150
480920
3669
他們就提供一頂蚊帳
來保護兒童遠離瘧疾。
08:17
We saw that the more money
people gave to Spread傳播 the Net,
151
485368
3481
我們看到他們捐給
「廣發蚊帳」更多錢,
08:20
the happier幸福 they reported報導
feeling感覺 afterward之後.
152
488873
3042
就自覺更快樂。
08:24
In contrast對比, this emotional情緒化
return返回 on investment投資
153
492740
4130
相形之下,當人們捐錢給
「聯合國兒童基金會」,
08:28
was completely全然 eliminated淘汰
when people gave money to UNICEF聯合國兒童基金會.
154
496894
4485
便感受不到這種情感回報。
08:33
So this suggests提示 that just
giving money to a worthwhile合算 charity慈善機構
155
501994
4087
這表明,僅僅捐錢給好的慈善機構
08:38
isn't always enough足夠.
156
506105
1489
並不一定夠。
08:39
You need to be able能夠 to envision預見
157
507997
2129
你需要能夠預見
08:42
how, exactly究竟, your dollars美元
are going to make a difference區別.
158
510150
3645
你的錢會如何發揮功效。
08:46
Of course課程, the Group of Five program程序
takes this idea理念 to a whole整個 new level水平.
159
514524
4758
當然,「五人組」又將這想法
帶上一個全新的高度。
08:51
When we first took on this project項目,
160
519678
1723
當我們開始做這個計畫,
我們會談論「難民們」何時將到達。
08:53
we would talk about when
the refugees難民 would arrive到達.
161
521425
3242
08:57
Now, we just refer參考 to them as our family家庭.
162
525158
3448
現在,我們只稱他們為
「我們的家庭」。
09:00
Recently最近, we took the kids孩子 ice skating溜冰,
163
528630
2592
近日,我們帶著孩子們溜冰,
09:03
and later後來 that day,
my six-year-old六十歲, Oliver奧利弗, asked me,
164
531246
4221
而當天晚些時候,
我六歲的兒子奧利弗問我,
09:07
"Mommy媽媽, who is the oldest最老的
kid孩子 in our family家庭?"
165
535491
2736
「媽媽,誰是我們家最大的孩子?」
09:10
I assumed假定 he was talking
about his plethora過多 of cousins表兄弟,
166
538908
3624
他的堂表兄弟姊妹眾多,
09:14
and he was talking about them,
167
542556
2000
我以為他問的就是他們,
09:16
but also about our Syrian敘利亞的 family家庭.
168
544580
2514
而他也包括了我們的敘利亞家庭。
09:19
Since以來 our family家庭 arrived到達,
169
547832
1841
在我們的家庭來了之後,
09:21
so many許多 people and organizations組織
have offered提供 to help,
170
549697
4160
有好多人和組織提供幫助,
09:25
providing提供 everything
from free自由 dental牙齒 fillings餡料
171
553881
3545
免費提供一切,從補牙
09:29
to summer夏季 camps營地.
172
557450
2005
到夏令營。
09:32
It's made製作 me see the goodness善良
that exists存在 in our community社區.
173
560125
4097
這件事讓我看到了我們社區中的良善。
09:36
Thanks謝謝 to one donation捐款,
174
564990
1587
多虧了一個捐助,
09:38
the kids孩子 got to go to bike自行車 camp,
175
566601
2788
孩子們得以去自行車訓練營,
09:41
and every一切 day of the week,
176
569413
1498
而且那週的每一天,
09:42
some member會員 of our group
tried試著 to be there to cheer歡呼 for them.
177
570935
3092
我們組都有人去為他們加油。
09:46
I happened發生 to be there
178
574591
1177
我去的那天碰巧是
09:47
the day the training訓練 wheels車輪
were supposed應該 to come off,
179
575792
2554
孩子要拆下訓練輪子,開始騎兩輪,
09:50
and let me tell you, the four-year-old四十歲
did not think this was a good idea理念.
180
578370
3965
而那四歲小孩就是不幹。
09:55
So I went over and talked to him
181
583483
2094
於是我走過去與他談
09:57
about the long-term長期 benefits好處
of riding騎術 without training訓練 wheels車輪.
182
585601
3627
關於騎兩輪的長遠利益。
10:01
(Laughter笑聲)
183
589252
2438
(笑聲)
10:03
Then I remembered記得 that he was four
and barely僅僅 spoke English英語.
184
591714
3903
然後我想起他只有四歲,
才勉強能講點英語。
10:07
So I reverted回复 to two words
he definitely無疑 knew知道:
185
595641
4017
所以我不講大道理了,
只回歸到他肯定懂的幾個字:
10:11
ice cream奶油.
186
599682
1195
冰淇淋。
10:13
You try without training訓練 wheels車輪,
I'll buy購買 you ice cream奶油.
187
601535
3487
你試試不要訓練輪子,
我就給你買冰淇淋。
10:17
Here's這裡的 what happened發生 next下一個.
188
605046
1631
接下來發生的是這樣。
10:19
(Video視頻) EDED: Yes. Yeah!
189
607565
2741
(影片)ED:好。很好!
10:22
Kid小子: I'm gonna try.
190
610330
1151
孩子:我試看看。
10:23
EDED: Oh my God! Look at you go!
191
611505
1877
ED:噢,我的天!看看你騎的!
10:25
(Squealing) Look at you go!
You're doing it all by yourself你自己!
192
613406
2891
(尖叫)看看你騎的!
你自己會騎了!
10:28
(Audience聽眾) (Laughter笑聲)
193
616321
1205
(觀眾)(笑聲)
10:29
(Video視頻) EDED: Good job工作!
194
617550
2104
(影片)ED:幹得好!
10:32
(Audience聽眾) (Laughter笑聲)
195
620142
1537
(觀眾)(笑聲)
10:33
(Applause掌聲)
196
621703
4459
(掌聲)
10:38
EDED: So this is the kind of helping幫助
that human人的 beings眾生 evolved進化 to enjoy請享用,
197
626186
5901
ED:所以這是一種人類已經
進化到可以享受的助人行為,
10:44
but for 40 years年份,
198
632111
1911
但有 40 年之久,
10:46
Canada加拿大 was the only country國家 in the world世界
199
634046
2447
加拿大是世界上唯一
10:48
that allowed允許 private私人的 citizens公民
to sponsor贊助 refugees難民.
200
636517
3460
允許公民私人贊助難民的國家。
10:52
Now -- Canada加拿大!
201
640565
2184
現在 —— 加拿大!
10:54
(Applause掌聲)
202
642773
2160
(掌聲)
10:56
It's pretty漂亮 great.
203
644957
1316
這是非常偉大的。
10:59
Now Australia澳大利亞 and the UK聯合王國
are starting開始 up similar類似 programs程式.
204
647354
3546
現在,澳洲和英國
也開始了類似的做法。
11:03
Just imagine想像 how different不同
the refugee難民 crisis危機 could look
205
651613
3503
試想難民危機會有多不一樣,
11:07
if more countries國家 made製作 this possible可能.
206
655140
2459
如果有更多的國家也這麼做。
11:10
Creating創建 these kinds of meaningful富有意義的
connections連接 between之間 individuals個人
207
658647
3981
在個體間創建這種有意義的連接
11:14
provides提供 an opportunity機會
to deal合同 with challenges挑戰
208
662652
2867
提供了應對高難度挑戰的機會。
11:17
that feel overwhelming壓倒.
209
665543
2124
11:20
One of those challenges挑戰 lies just blocks
from where I'm standing常設 right now,
210
668429
4929
其中的一個挑戰,離我現在
站的這裡只有幾個街區,
11:25
in the Downtown市中心 Eastside東區 of Vancouver溫哥華.
211
673382
2604
在溫哥華市中心東區。
11:28
By some measures措施, it's the poorest最窮
urban城市的 postal郵政 code in Canada加拿大.
212
676010
4328
以某些方面衡量,這是加拿大
最貧窮的城市郵政區號。
11:32
We actually其實 debated辯論 whether是否
to bring帶來 over a family家庭 of refugees難民,
213
680854
3085
實際上,我們曾經為了是否將
一個難民家庭搬進那區而辯論,
11:35
because there are so many許多 people
right here already已經 struggling奮鬥的.
214
683963
3652
因為這裡已經有這麼多人在掙扎求生。
11:39
My friend朋友 Evan埃文 told me
that when he was a kid孩子
215
687639
2684
我的朋友埃文告訴我,他小的時候
11:42
and his parents父母 drove開車
through通過 this neighborhood鄰里,
216
690347
2269
和他的父母開車經過這附近,
11:44
he would duck down in the back seat座位.
217
692640
2517
他都會彎下身躲在後座。
11:48
But Evan's埃文的 parents父母
never would have guessed
218
696077
2537
但埃文的父母從來也猜不到
11:50
that when he grew成長 up,
219
698638
1617
當他長大後,
11:52
he would open打開 up the doors
of a local本地 restaurant餐廳
220
700279
2701
他會讓當地的餐館敞開門
11:55
and invite邀請 this community社區 inside
to enjoy請享用 three-course三道菜 dinners晚餐.
221
703004
4315
邀請社區居民去享用全套晚餐。
11:59
The program程序 that Evan埃文 helped幫助 build建立
is called "Plenty豐富 of Plates,"
222
707997
3871
埃文幫助建立的計劃叫「盤多多」,
12:03
and the goal目標 is not just
to provide提供 free自由 meals
223
711892
2417
其目標不僅是提供免費餐食,
12:06
but to create創建 moments瞬間 of connection連接
224
714333
2026
也要讓那些平時目光不會相對的人
12:08
between之間 people who otherwise除此以外
might威力 never make eye contact聯繫.
225
716383
3396
可以有機會交流。
12:12
Each night, a local本地 business商業
sponsors贊助商 the dinner晚餐
226
720216
3080
每天晚上,一家當地企業贊助晚宴
12:15
and sends發送 a team球隊 of volunteers志願者
227
723320
1928
並派一批志工
12:17
who help make and serve服務 the meal膳食.
228
725272
1944
去幫忙做菜和服務。
12:19
Afterward後來, the leftovers殘羹剩飯 get distributed分散式
to people who are out on the street,
229
727732
4886
餐後將剩菜分給街友,
12:24
and importantly重要的, there's enough足夠 money left
230
732642
2019
更重要的是,在這之後
都還有足夠的餘錢
12:26
to provide提供 a thousand free自由 lunches午餐
for this community社區
231
734685
2520
可以在其後數天為社區
提供一千份免費午餐。
12:29
in the days that follow跟隨.
232
737229
1570
12:31
But the benefits好處 of this program程序
extend延伸 beyond food餐飲.
233
739494
3600
但這個計劃提供的好處不只是食物。
12:35
For the volunteers志願者, it provides提供
an opportunity機會 to engage從事 with people,
234
743666
4657
對於志工而言,它提供了
一個與人接觸的機會,
12:40
to sit down and hear their stories故事.
235
748347
2909
能坐下來聽他們的故事。
12:43
After this experience經驗,
one volunteer志願者 changed his commute改判
236
751733
4153
有了這個經驗,一名志工
改變了他的上下班路徑,
12:47
so that instead代替 of avoiding避免
this neighborhood鄰里,
237
755910
2879
不再迴避這附近,
而是走過它,
12:50
he walks散步 through通過 it,
238
758813
1502
12:52
smiling微笑 or making製造 eye contact聯繫
as he passes通行證 familiar faces面孔.
239
760339
4020
對途中的熟悉面孔微笑或四目接觸。
12:57
All of us are capable
of finding發現 joy喜悅 in giving.
240
765270
3773
所有的人都能夠在給予中找到快樂。
13:01
But we shouldn't不能 expect期望 this
to happen發生 automatically自動.
241
769551
3189
但是,我們不應該指望這會自動發生。
13:05
Spending開支 money helping幫助 others其他
doesn't necessarily一定 promote促進 happiness幸福.
242
773359
4292
花錢助人並不一定
讓我們覺得更快樂。
13:09
Instead代替, it matters事項 how we do it.
243
777675
3099
而是要看我們所做的方式。
13:13
And if we want people to give more,
244
781223
2689
如果我們希望人們給更多一點,
13:15
we need to subvert顛覆 the way we think
about charitable慈善 giving.
245
783936
4126
我們需要顛覆對
慈善捐贈的思考方式。
13:20
We need to create創建 opportunities機會 to give
246
788086
2535
我們要創造機會讓人在捐助的時候
13:22
that enable啟用 us to appreciate欣賞
our shared共享 humanity人性.
247
790645
3457
能體會到我們共同的人性。
13:26
If any of you work for a charity慈善機構,
248
794737
2436
如果你們是在慈善機構工作,
13:29
don't reward獎勵 your donors捐助者
with pens or calendars日曆.
249
797197
3444
不要用筆或月曆那種贈品
去獎勵您的捐助者。
13:33
(Applause掌聲)
250
801959
3819
(掌聲)
13:37
Reward獎勵 them with the opportunity機會
251
805802
1877
獎勵的方式,是讓他們有機會
13:39
to see the specific具體 impact碰撞
that their generosity慷慨 is having
252
807703
4260
看到他們的慷慨所造成的具體影響,
13:43
and to connect with the individuals個人
and communities社區 they're helping幫助.
253
811987
4504
並將他們與受幫助的
個人及社區間連結起來。
13:49
We're used to thinking思維 about giving
as something we should do.
254
817519
4937
我們習慣於將給予
視為我們應該做的事。
那是沒錯。
13:54
And it is.
255
822480
1333
13:56
But in thinking思維 about it this way,
256
824551
2558
但如果光那樣想,
13:59
we're missing失踪 out on one of
the best最好 parts部分 of being存在 human人的:
257
827133
4759
我們就錯失了作為人
最大的好處之一:
14:03
that we have evolved進化 to find joy喜悅
in helping幫助 others其他.
258
831916
4528
我們已經進化到可以
經由助人來找到快樂。
14:09
Let's stop thinking思維 about giving
as just this moral道德 obligation義務
259
837041
5246
我們不要再把助人僅僅視為道德義務
而是要開始將它看作快樂的源泉。
14:14
and start開始 thinking思維 of it
as a source資源 of pleasure樂趣.
260
842311
4050
謝謝。
14:18
Thank you.
261
846782
1194
(掌聲)
14:20
(Applause掌聲)
262
848000
4873
Translated by Bruce Sung
Reviewed by Marssi Draw

▲Back to top

ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Elizabeth Dunn - Happiness researcher
Elizabeth Dunn discovers ways that people can optimize their use of time, money and technology in order to maximize their own happiness.

Why you should listen

When Elizabeth Dunn got her first job, she wondered what to do with the money that was suddenly appearing in her bank account. So she teamed up with her friend Mike Norton (at Harvard) to figure out how people could use money to buy the most happiness. She and Norton wrote a book called Happy Money, which presents five research-based principles designed to help individuals and organizations use their money in happier ways. It was selected by the Washington Post as one of the "top 20 books every leader should read."

Recently, her work has focused on how people navigate trade-offs between time and money, and how mobile technology can both support and undermine human happiness. Dunn is an avid skier and surfer, and she survived a shark attack.

More profile about the speaker
Elizabeth Dunn | Speaker | TED.com

Data provided by TED.

This site was created in May 2015 and the last update was on January 12, 2020. It will no longer be updated.

We are currently creating a new site called "eng.lish.video" and would be grateful if you could access it.

If you have any questions or suggestions, please feel free to write comments in your language on the contact form.

Privacy Policy

Developer's Blog

Buy Me A Coffee