Gwynne Shotwell: SpaceX's plan to fly you across the globe in 30 minutes
غوين شوتويل: خطة سبيس أكس لتأخذك حول العالم خلال ثلاثين دقيقة
As president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations. Full bioChris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
حدث شيء مثير للدهشة.
something crazy happened.
this caught so many people's attention?
لأنه لفت انتباه كثير من الناس؟
for the beginning,
ثلاثة، اثنان، واحد.
three, two, one.
an important moment for SpaceX.
and now the Falcon Heavy,
been conceived or is conceived right now.
of Falcon Heavy later this year,
لاحقاً هذا العام،
a thousand people
ومع ذلك -
why not put a Tesla into space?
لما لا نضع تيسلا فى الفضاء؟
نعود بالزمن إلى الوراء.
and President of SpaceX?
that the girls weren't doing.
أشياء لا تفعلها الفتيات.
when I was in third grade,
عندما كنت في الصف الثالث،
a book, and I read it,
فأعطتني كتاب، وقرأته،
out of my mechanical engineering degree
الهندسة الميكانيكية
in the automotive industry.
not because of that book
ليس بسبب ذلك الكتاب
to a Society of Women Engineers event,
جمعية المهندسات،
the mechanical engineer that spoke.
التي كانت تتحدث.
girl connects with.
from telling that story,
to be an engineer --
في أن أصبح مهندسة -
employee number seven at SpaceX,
الموظف رقم سبعة في (سبيس أكس)،
relationship with NASA,
بمليارات الدولارات مع ناسا،
first three launches blew up.
ل(سبيس أكس) انفجرت.
is all about relationships
مرتبط بالعلاقات
with these customers.
is selling your team,
المدير التنفيذي في الأعمال -
to sell these days --
that any technical issue that they have
you can address right away.
for me to be an engineer.
of running sales for Elon.
في إدارة مبيعات شركة (إيلون).
a big focus of the company
نوع من التسابق مع (بوينغ)
the service to NASA
come to the fore, here.
I'm a good sleeper, that's my best thing.
أنا ماهرة في النوم، هذا أفضل ما أفعله.
to our flying crew
بالنسبة لطاقم الطيران
safety comes in the design
تقع ضمن تصميم
to fly people on,
on this technology.
to be able to carry crew.
engineering in these safety systems
على أنظمة السلامة
that actually allows instant escape
في الواقع يضمن الهروب الفوري
the launch escape system.
أجريناه في عام 2015.
of a test that we ran in 2015.
a really bad day on the pad.
to get out of Dodge.
another demonstration later this year
لاحق من هذا العام
with the rocket during flight.
أثناء الرحلة.
potential function as well, eventually.
وظيفة أخرى محتملة، أخيراً.
for Dragon is pretty unique.
لمركبة (دراجون) فريد تماماً.
are integrated into the capsule,
مدمجة في الكبسولة،
it pushes the capsule away.
تدفع الكبسولة بعيداً.
have been like tractor pullers,
كان مثل ساحبات الجرارات،
you can safely reenter that capsule,
إعادة دخول الكبسولة بأمان،
that possibility of failure.
على هذا الاحتمال للفشل.
the regular reusability of rockets
جعلت عادة إعادة استخدام الصواريخ
space program, for example,
on the shoulders of giants. Right?
and the developments to date,
الصواريخ وفي تطوراتها الحديثة
that we had to include
التي يجب علينا إدراجها
around legacy components
على شكل العناصر الموروثة
or were particularly expensive,
أو بالتحديد باهظة الثمن،
drive the design of these systems.
القيادة للفيزيائيين لتصميم هذه المنظومات.
started from scratch.
بدأت من الصفر.
you let physics drive the design,
أمر التصميم للفيزيائيين،
actually, of that,
من الأمثلة لذلك
the vehicle design
that we wanted to make.
التي نريد اتخاذها.
it's a common dome design.
هو التصميم الشائع.
stacked together,
more payload for the same design.
that we're flying right now
liquid oxygen and densified RP,
المكثف ووقود الصواريخ المكثف،
more propellent into the vehicle.
of margin to the vehicle,
of SpaceX 10 years ago, I think.
(سبيس أكس) قبل عشر سنين، على ما أعتقد،
so closely with Elon Musk?
جداً من (إيلون موسك)
this year, actually.
حتى هذا العام، في الواقع.
to do something for 16 years
بعمل لستة عشر عاماً
him saying anything
best placed to answer this question,
للإجابة عن هذا السؤال،
on this strange unit of time
I asked Elon, you know,
سألت (إيلون)، كما تعلمين،
auto-drive across America,
if you take Elon time into account.
between Elon time and real time?
(إيلون) والوقت الحقيقي؟
in a unique position, Chris.
is very aggressive on his timelines,
صارم جداً في جداوله الزمنية،
to do things better and faster.
بصورة أفضل وأسرع.
and all the money in the world
to move quickly is really important.
kind of a key intermediary role here.
دور الوسيط الرئيس هنا
that have their impact,
المجنونة والتي لها أثرها
might blow up a team
of saying, "Yes, Elon,"
in a way that is acceptable
to your employees.
realizations for that.
you have to pause
بالصمت
"Well, that's impossible,"
to do that. I don't know how."
substantially harder.
was to take these ideas
هي أخذ هذه الأفكار
make them achievable,
وجعلها ممكنة التحقيق،
from this steep slope, get it comfortable.
منحدر، ثم تصل بسلام.
I felt like we were there,
people were getting comfortable,
that that's his job,
close to comfortable
and put us back on that slope,
that the conversation ratio
and you said it, I didn't.
وقد ذكرته أنت، وليس أنا.
rumored to be working on,
thousands of low earth orbit satellites
الأقمار الصناعية في المدار الأرضي المنخفض
low-cost internet connection
you can tell us about this?
about this particular project,
كثيراً عن هذا المشروع بالتحديد،
one of the most challenging
project we've undertaken.
for internet broadband,
ذات النطاق الواسع،
is the difficulty here.
with the right technology solution,
بالحل التكنولوجي السليم،
about 10 billion dollars or more
not claiming victory yet.
obviously, if that happened to the world,
إذا تحقق هذا الأمر في العالم،
would be pretty radical,
أمراً مذهلاً،
if suddenly everyone can connect cheaply.
كل شخص أن يحظى بإنترنت زهيد الثمن.
it'll change the world.
on the planning is it,
number of satellites in orbit.
الأقمار الصناعية في المدار.
there's no question --
مثير للقلق لا جدال في ذلك...
على وشك أن تتكون،
are pretty devastating.
a bunch of particles in orbit
from being useful for decades or longer.
لعشرات السنين أو أكثر.
our second stage after every mission
بعد كل بعثة فضائية
a rocket carcass orbiting earth.
صاروخ خردة يدور حول الأرض.
a good steward of that.
the remarkable success there
as your future development plan.
باعتباره خطة تطويرية مستقبلية.
to a much bigger rocket
الحجم إلى صاروخ أكبر
CA: The Big Falcon Rocket, that's right.
-(كريس): صاروخ (فالكون) الكبير حقاً.
in that incredible technology,
على هذه التقنية المذهلة،
to something much bigger. Why?
been developing these launch systems.
على تطوير أنظمة الإطلاق هذه.
a new product before we've been able
منتج جديد قبل تمكننا
is the product that they should move to,
المنتج يجب عليهم استخدامه،
the Big Falcon Rocket now,
flying Falcon 9s and Falcon Heavies
(فالكون9) و(فالكون هيفي)
widespread acceptance of BFR.
واسع لصاروخ (بي اف آر).
Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy
و(فالكون هيفي)
to take humanity to Mars?
إلى (بي أف آر) للوصول إلى المريخ؟
other business ideas for this.
وجدتم أفكاراً تجارية لهذا.
that we're currently taking to orbit
الصناعية التي نضعها حالياً في المدار
of satellites to be delivered to orbit.
من الأقمار الصناعية إلي المدار.
of the fairing is eight meters,
what giant telescopes
in that cargo bay,
في سفينة الشحن تلك،
residual capabilities
GS: It's a residual capability.
-(غوين):نعم القدرات الكامنة.
Talk about what the heck this is.
حدثينا عن ماهية ذلك؟
the Statue of Liberty in it,
of that Falcon Heavy Rocket.
there are 27 engines there.
inventing ever bigger rockets,
for the Falcon 1 launch vehicle.
لمركبة الإطلاق (فالكون1).
for the Falcon 9.
something different,
on a brand new engine,
على محرك جديد،
on the back end of Falcon 9.
معاً في مؤخرة (فالكون9).
glue three Falcon 9s together
ثلاثة من صواريخ (فالكون9) معاً
operational rocket flying.
than starting from scratch.
فعالية من البدء من الصفر.
of how much bigger than that,
ضخامة (بي أف آر) عن هذا،
يعادل مرتين ونصف من حجم هذا.
two and half times the size of this.
this video that we're about to play here.
الذي نحن بصدد تشغيله.
space travel for earthlings.
is we're going to fly BFR like an aircraft
(بي أف آر) كمركبة فضائية
على الأرض من نقطة إلى أخرى،
from New York City or Vancouver
(نيويورك) أو (فانكوفر)
half an hour or 40 minutes,
نصف ساعة أو أربعين دقيقة،
yeah, it's so awesome.
is actually the boat out and back.
هو ذهاب وإياب القارب.
this is awesome, but it's crazy, right?
لكنه جنوني، صحيح؟
going to happen.
to accept this incoming missile --
على هذا الصاروخ الطائر فوق أجوائها...
us trying to convince a federal range,
أن تتخيلنا نحاول إقناع الوحدات الفيدرالية
الصواريخ الوافدة؟
regularly, right?
on federal property on an Air Force base.
في قاعدة القوات الجوية.
it's only five kilometers out from a city.
أو ربما خمسة كيلومتر وحسب خارج المدينة.
الذين في وسعهم تحمل تكلفة
can possibly afford the fortune
roughly a hundred passengers.
حوالي مائة راكب.
about the business.
are really expensive,
with airline tickets here?
القيام بالرحلة
if I can do this trip
الرحلات في اليوم، صحيح؟
can only make one of those flights a day.
واحدة وحسب من هذه الرحلات في اليوم.
was slightly more expensive
a little bit more expensive,
what they're running in a day,
ما يقومون به في اليوم،
that I need to out of that system.
التي أحتاجها من هذا النظام.
أن هذا سينتشر في وقت ما
to be deployed at some point
(غوين) أو توقيت (إيلون)؟
I'm sure Elon will want us to go faster.
(إيلون) سيريد منا العمل بشكل أسرع.
because I travel a lot
لأنني أسافر كثيراً
my customers in Riyadh,
and be back in time to make dinner.
an economy price ticket,
per person to fly New York to Shanghai.
للطيران من( نيويورك) إلى (شنغهاي).
سيكون بين الدرجة الأولى والاقتصادية،
economy and business,
that is definitely something.
حسناً، هذا بالتأكيد شيء.
of BFR is being developed
لصاروخ (بي أف آر) إنه تم تطويره
quite a detailed, sort of, picture
تفاصيل كاملة، نوعاً ما، صورة
this is a cropped video
فيديو لذلك، هذا مقطع فيديو
there's a couple of new bits to it.
ومن ثم هناك بعض الإضافات له.
to lift off from a pad,
the Big Falcon Spaceship.
(بي أف أس)، مركبة (فالكون) الكبيرة.
the spaceship off in orbit,
بإسقاط المركبة في المدار،
we're returning boosters right now.
but we're working on the pieces,
on the pad that we launched from.
نهبط على المنصة التي أقلعنا منها.
or we land out on a boat.
أو نهبط خارجاً في قارب.
refuel the spaceship,
لتزويد المركبة بالوقود،
go to Mars at one time,
مائة شخص إلى المريخ في آن واحد،
on how big the rocket is.
على مدى ضخامة الصاروخ.
and we'll continue to make
will land the first human on Mars?
أن (سبيس اكس) ستضع أول إنسان على المريخ؟
from the point-to-point.
للسفر من نقطة إلى نقطة.
not this decade.
where this is the official stated mission.
حيث هذه هي المهمة الرسمية المعلنة.
bought into that mission,
there's a lot of people around
you've got so much talent,
that need urgent attention.
تتطلب اهتماماً عاجلاً.
off to another planet?
هذه إلى كوكب آخر؟
to expand our minds a little bit.
للقيام بها على الأرض،
working on that.
the most important things we possibly can,
الأشياء أهمية قدر الإمكان،
for humans to live and survive and thrive.
للعيش والبقاء والازدهار.
for the human species.
حدة الخطر للمخلوقات البشرية.
and doing a better job taking care of it,
والقيام بعمل مفيد والاهتمام به،
multiple paths to survival,
إلى سبل متعددة للنجاة،
all earthlings don't die.
ألا يموت جميع سكان الأرض.
that's a terrible reason to go do it.
هذا سبب بائس للقيام بهذا.
it's another place to explore,
different from animals,
and sense of wonderment
in us moving to other solar systems
نحو الأنظمة الشمسية الأخرى،
I ever out-vision Elon,
التي أتفوق فيها على (إيلون)،
in other solar systems.
في أنظمة شمسية أخرى.
a fixer-upper planet.
to make it habitable.
لجعل المريخ قابلاً للسكن.
or whatever they call themselves,
أو أياً ما كانوا يسمون أنفسهم،
amazing jobs on the planet.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Gwynne Shotwell - Space leaderAs president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations.
Why you should listen
Gwynne Shotwell joined SpaceX in 2002 as vice president of business development and built the Falcon vehicle family manifest to more than 70 launches, representing more than $10 billion in business. Shotwell is a member of the SpaceX Board of Directors.
Prior to joining SpaceX, Shotwell spent more than 10 years at the Aerospace Corporation, holding positions in space systems engineering and technology and project management. Shotwell was subsequently recruited to be director of Microcosm's space systems division, managing space system technologies, serving on the executive committee and directing corporate business development.
In 2014, Shotwell was appointed to the United States Export Import Bank's Advisory Committee and the Federal Aviation Administration’s Management Advisory Council. She has been awarded the World Technology Award for Individual Achievement in Space, has been inducted into the Women In Technology International Hall of Fame and was elected to the honorable grade of Fellow with the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
SpaceX supports science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) programs locally as well as national engineering programs and competitions. Shotwell has helped raise over $1.4 million for STEM education programs reaching thousands of students nationwide.
Shotwell received, with honors, her bachelor’s and master’s degrees from Northwestern University in mechanical engineering and applied mathematics, and she serves as both a University Trustee and a member of the Advisory Council for Northwestern’s McCormick School of Engineering. She has authored dozens of papers on a variety of space-related subjects.
Gwynne Shotwell | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com