ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Gwynne Shotwell - Space leader
As president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations.

Why you should listen

Gwynne Shotwell joined SpaceX in 2002 as vice president of business development and built the Falcon vehicle family manifest to more than 70 launches, representing more than $10 billion in business. Shotwell is a member of the SpaceX Board of Directors.
 
Prior to joining SpaceX, Shotwell spent more than 10 years at the Aerospace Corporation, holding positions in space systems engineering and technology and project management. Shotwell was subsequently recruited to be director of Microcosm's space systems division, managing space system technologies, serving on the executive committee and directing corporate business development.
 
In 2014, Shotwell was appointed to the United States Export Import Bank's Advisory Committee and the Federal Aviation Administration’s Management Advisory Council. She has been awarded the World Technology Award for Individual Achievement in Space, has been inducted into the Women In Technology International Hall of Fame and was elected to the honorable grade of Fellow with the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
 
SpaceX supports science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) programs locally as well as national engineering programs and competitions. Shotwell has helped raise over $1.4 million for STEM education programs reaching thousands of students nationwide.
Shotwell received, with honors, her bachelor’s and master’s degrees from Northwestern University in mechanical engineering and applied mathematics, and she serves as both a University Trustee and a member of the Advisory Council for Northwestern’s McCormick School of Engineering. She has authored dozens of papers on a variety of space-related subjects.

More profile about the speaker
Gwynne Shotwell | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com
TED2018

Gwynne Shotwell: SpaceX's plan to fly you across the globe in 30 minutes

Gwynne Shotwell: Plan SpaceX-a da vas preveze na drugi kraj svijeta u 30 minuta

Filmed:
2,933,173 views

Što ima u SpaceXu? Inženjerka Gwynne Shotwell bila je sedma zaposlena u pionirskoj svemirsko-zračnoj kompaniji Elona Muska, a sada je njezina predsjednica. U razgovoru s prvim čovjekom TED-a, Chrisom Andersonom, objašnjava plan SpaceX-a o slanju ljudi u orbitu te njihov sljedeći veliki projekt, BFR (pitajte je što ta kratica znači). Nova golema raketa projektirana je da ljudsku vrstu odvede na Mars -- uz još jednu moguću svrhu: svemirska putovanja za Zemljane.
- Space leader
As president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations. Full bio - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

Chris Anderson: Dakle, prije dva mjeseca
dogodilo se nešto ludo.
00:14
ChrisChris AndersonAnderson: So two monthsmjeseci agoprije,
something crazylud happeneddogodilo.
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00:17
Can you talk us throughkroz this, because
this caughtzatečen so manymnogi people'snarodno attentionpažnja?
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Možeš li nam to prepričati, jer je
zaokupilo pažnju toliko mnogo ljudi?
Gwynne Shotwell: Sada neću govoriti,
00:21
GwynneTko ShotwellShotwella: I'll stayboravak quietmiran
for the beginningpočetak,
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kasnije ću početi pričati.
00:23
and then I'll startpočetak talkingkoji govori.
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(Video) Glasovi:
Pet, četiri, tri, dva, jedan.
00:25
(VideoVideo) VoicesGlasovi: FivePet, fourčetiri,
threetri, two, one.
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(Klicanje)
00:29
(CheeringNavijanje)
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00:31
WomanŽena: LiftoffPolijetanje. Go FalconSokol HeavyTeška.
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Glas: Polijetanje.
Kreni, Falcon Heavy.
00:34
GSGS: So this was suchtakav
an importantvažno momenttrenutak for SpaceXSpaceX.
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GS: Ovo je bio toliko
važan trenutak za SpaceX.
00:38
With the FalconSokol 9
and now the FalconSokol HeavyTeška,
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Uz pomoć Falcona 9,
a sada Falcona Heavyja,
00:40
we can launchlansiranje into orbitorbita
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možemo lansirati u orbitu
00:43
any payloadkorisna nosivost that has previouslyprethodno
been conceivedzamišljen or is conceivedzamišljen right now.
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bilo koji teret koji je prethodno
bio kreiran ili je kreiran sada.
00:48
We'veMoramo got a couplepar of launchespokreće
of FalconSokol HeavyTeška laterkasnije this yeargodina,
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Imamo još nekoliko lansiranja
Falcona Heavyja ove godine,
00:51
so this had to go right.
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zato je ovo moralo proći ispravno.
00:53
It was the first time we flewletio it,
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Ovo nam je prvi puta da je poletio
00:55
and the starzvijezda of the showpokazati, of coursenaravno,
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i, naravno, zvijezde predstave,
00:57
brotherbrat and sistersestra sidestrana boosterspojačala landingslijetanje.
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raketni pojačivači koji se prizemljuju.
01:00
I was exciteduzbuđen.
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Bila sam uzbuđena.
01:01
(LaughterSmijeh)
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(Smijeh)
01:02
ThankingZahvaljujući my teamtim.
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Zahvaljujem svom timu.
Usput, ima nekih možda i tisuću ljudi
01:04
By the way, there's maybe
a thousandtisuću people
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01:06
standingstajati around me right there.
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koji stoje tamo oko mene.
01:08
And StarmanZahvala.
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I Starman.
01:10
StarmanZahvala did not stealukrasti the showpokazati, thoughiako --
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Starman nije odvlačio pažnju --
01:12
the boosterspojačala did.
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raketni pojačivači jesu.
01:13
CACA: (LaughterSmijeh)
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CA: (Smijeh)
01:14
CACA: There had to be some payloadkorisna nosivost --
why not put a TeslaTesla into spaceprostor?
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CA: Morao je postojati neki teret
pa zašto ne poslati Teslu u svemir?
01:17
GSGS: ExactlyTočno. It was perfectsavršen.
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GS: Točno. Bilo je savršeno.
01:19
CACA: GwynneTko, let's windvjetar the clocksat back.
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CA: Gwynne, vratimo se unatrag.
01:22
I mean, how did you endkraj up an engineerinženjer
and PresidentPredsjednik of SpaceXSpaceX?
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Kako si došla na mjesto inženjerke
i predsjednice SpaceX-a?
01:26
Were you supernerdysupernerdy as a girldjevojka?
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Jesi li bila velika štreberica
kao djevojčica?
GS: Ne mislim da sam bila štreberica,
01:29
GSGS: I don't think I was nerdyGlupava,
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01:30
but I was definitelydefinitivno doing the things
that the girlsdjevojke weren'tnisu doing.
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ali zasigurno sam se bavila stvarima
kojima druge djevojčice nisu.
01:33
I askedpitao my mommama, who was an artistumjetnik,
when I was in thirdtreći graderazred,
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Kada sam išla u treći razred,
pitala sam mamu, koja je bila umjetnica,
01:37
how a carautomobil workedradio,
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kako radi auto,
01:38
so she had no ideaideja so she gavedali me
a bookrezervirati, and I readčitati it,
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budući ona nije znala,
dala mi je jednu knjigu, pročitala sam je
01:41
and sure enoughdovoljno, my first jobposao
out of my mechanicalmehanički engineeringinženjering degreestupanj
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i moj prvi posao uz stečenu diplomu
mehaničkog inženjera,
01:46
was with ChryslerChrysler MotorsMotori
in the automotiveautomobilski industryindustrija.
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bio je u automobilskoj industriji,
u Chrysler Motorsu.
01:49
But I actuallyzapravo got into engineeringinženjering
not because of that bookrezervirati
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No, nisam završila
u inženjerstvu zbog te knjige,
01:52
but because my mommama tookuzeo me
to a SocietyDruštvo of WomenŽene EngineersInženjeri eventdogađaj,
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već zato što me mama odvela
na događanje Društva žena inženjerki
i jako mi se svidjela mehanička inženjerka
koja je tamo govorila.
01:55
and I fellpao in love with
the mechanicalmehanički engineerinženjer that spokegovorio.
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01:58
She was doing really criticalkritično work,
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Radila je iznimno važan posao,
02:00
and I lovedvoljen her suitodijelo.
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a i svidjelo mi se njezino odijelo.
02:02
(LaughterSmijeh)
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(Smijeh)
02:03
And that's what a 15-year-old-godinu star
girldjevojka connectsspaja with.
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S time se jedna 15-godišnjakinja
može poistovjetiti.
02:05
And I used to shystidljiv away
from tellingreći that storypriča,
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Sramila sam se pričati tu priču,
02:08
but if that's what causedizazvan me
to be an engineerinženjer --
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ali ako je to dovelo do toga
da postanem inženjerka,
02:10
hey, I think we should talk about that.
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mislim da trebamo pričati o tome.
02:12
CACA: SixteenŠesnaest yearsgodina agoprije, you becamepostao
employeezaposlenik numberbroj sevensedam at SpaceXSpaceX,
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CA: Prije šesnaest godina,
bila si sedma zaposlena u SpaceX-u,
02:18
and then over the nextSljedeći yearsgodina,
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a zatim si u narednim godinama
02:20
you somehownekako builtizgrađen a multi-billion-dollarmulti-milijarde dolara
relationshipodnos with NASANASA,
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nekako uspjela izgraditi odnos s NASA-om
vrijedan više milijardi dolara,
02:25
despitebez obzira na the factčinjenica that SpaceX'sSpaceX je
first threetri launchespokreće blewraznio up.
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usprkos tome što SpaceX-ova
prva tri lansiranja nisu uspjela.
02:29
I mean, how on earthZemlja did you do that?
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Mislim, kako ti je to uopće uspjelo?
02:31
GSGS: So actuallyzapravo, sellingprodaja rocketsrakete
is all about relationshipsodnosa
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GS: Zapravo, cijela bit prodavanja priče
o raketama je u odnosima
02:35
and makingizrađivanje a connectionveza
with these customersklijenti.
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i stvaranju veze s tim klijentima.
02:37
When you don't have a rocketraketa to sellprodavati,
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Kada nemaš raketu koju bi prodao,
02:39
what's really importantvažno
is sellingprodaja your teamtim,
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važno je da prodaš priču o svom timu,
02:41
sellingprodaja the businessPoslovni savvypamet of your CEOIZVRŠNI DIREKTOR --
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poslovnu razboritost svog direktora --
02:44
that's not really hardteško
to sellprodavati these daysdana --
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danas to stvarno nije teško prodati --
02:46
and basicallyu osnovi, makingizrađivanje sure
that any technicaltehnička issueizdanje that they have
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i u osnovi, osigurati da,
koji god tehnički problem imali,
ili bilo kakvu zabrinutost,
da odmah to preuzmete.
02:49
or any concernbriga,
you can addressadresa right away.
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02:51
So I think it was helpfulkoristan
for me to be an engineerinženjer.
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Zato mislim da mi je pomoglo
to što sam inženjerka.
02:55
I think it was helpfulkoristan to my roleuloga
of runningtrčanje salesprodajni for ElonElon.
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Mislim da mi je to pomoglo
u mojem vođenju prodaje za Elona.
02:58
CACA: And currentlytrenutno,
a bigvelika focusfokus of the companydruštvo
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CA: Trenutno je veliki fokus kompanije,
03:01
is, I guessnagađati, kindljubazan of a raceutrka with BoeingBoeing
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pretpostavljam,
svojevrsna utrka s Boeingom
03:03
to be the first to providepružiti
the serviceservis to NASANASA
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tko će prvi NASA-i pružiti uslugu
03:06
of actuallyzapravo puttingstavljanje humansljudi into orbitorbita.
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slanja ljudi u orbitu.
03:12
SafetySigurnost considerationsrazmatranja obviouslyočito
come to the foreprvi plan, here.
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Očito je da je razmatranje sigurnosti
ovdje na prvom mjestu.
03:15
How are you sleepingspavanje?
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Spavaš li mirno?
03:18
GSGS: I actuallyzapravo sleepspavati really well.
I'm a good sleeperspavač, that's my bestnajbolje thing.
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GS: Zapravo, imam jako dobar san.
Dobar sam spavač, to mi je najveća odlika.
03:22
But I think the daysdana leadingvodeći up
to our flyingleteći crewposada
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No, mislim da će u danima koji dolaze
u vezi s našom posadom,
03:26
will probablyvjerojatno be a little sleeplessbesane.
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biti i besanih trenutaka.
03:28
But really, fundamentallyfundamentalno,
safetysigurnosni comesdolazi in the designdizajn
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No, u osnovi, sigurnost je
dio dizajna sustava
03:32
of the systemsistem that you're going
to flyletjeti people on,
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u kojem ćeš poslati ljude na let
03:34
and so we'veimamo been workingrad for yearsgodina,
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i zato smo radili godinama,
zapravo, skoro jedno desetljeće,
na ovoj tehnologiji.
03:36
actuallyzapravo, almostskoro a decadedesetljeće,
on this technologytehnologija.
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03:38
We're takinguzimanje the DragonZmaj cargoteret spaceshipsvemirski brod
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Letjelicu Dragon za prijevoz tereta
03:41
and we're upgradingNadogradnja it
to be ableu stanju to carrynositi crewposada.
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sada nadograđujemo
da može prevoziti i posadu.
03:43
And as I said, we'veimamo been
engineeringinženjering in these safetysigurnosni systemssustavi
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A kako sam rekla, radili smo
na tim sigurnosnim sustavima
03:47
for quitedosta some time.
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već neko vrijeme.
03:49
CACA: So isn't it that there's one systemsistem
that actuallyzapravo allowsomogućuje instanttrenutak escapepobjeći
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CA: Ne radi li se, zapravo, o sustavu
koji omogućuje trenutni izlaz
03:53
if there's a problemproblem.
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u slučaju opasnosti?
GS: Tako je. To je
lansirni sustav za spašavanje.
03:55
GSGS: That's right. It's calledzvao
the launchlansiranje escapepobjeći systemsistem.
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CA: Mislim da imamo to. Prikažimo.
03:57
CACA: I think we have that. Let's showpokazati that.
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GS: Imamo video testiranja
koje smo proveli 2015.
03:59
GSGS: We'veMoramo got a videovideo
of a testtest that we ranran in 2015.
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04:03
So this simulatedsimuliran havingima
a really badloše day on the padjastučić.
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Ovo je simulacija u slučaju
vrlo loše situacije na uzletištu.
04:07
BasicallyU osnovi, you want the capsulekapsula
to get out of DodgeDodge.
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U biti, želite da kapsula odmah ode dalje.
04:09
You want it to get away from the rocketraketa
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Želite da se odvoji od rakete
04:11
that had a badloše day right belowispod it.
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koja je imala loš start.
04:14
This is if there was an issueizdanje on the padjastučić.
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Ovo je u slučaju problema na uzletištu.
04:16
We alsotakođer will be doing
anotherjoš demonstrationdemonstracija laterkasnije this yeargodina
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Ove godine imat ćemo i drugu demonstraciju
04:19
on if we have an issueizdanje
with the rocketraketa duringza vrijeme flightlet.
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za situaciju problema
na raketi tijekom leta.
04:23
CACA: And those rocketsrakete have anotherjoš
potentialpotencijal functionfunkcija as well, eventuallyeventualno.
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CA: Konačno, te rakete imaju
i drugu potencijalnu ulogu.
GS: Da, lansirni sustav za spašavanje
na Dragonu je prilično jedinstven.
04:27
GSGS: Yeah, so the launchlansiranje escapepobjeći systemsistem
for DragonZmaj is prettyprilično uniquejedinstvena.
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Radi se o integriranom lansirnom sustavu.
04:30
It's an integratedintegriran launchlansiranje escapepobjeći systemsistem.
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04:32
It's basicallyu osnovi a pusherpotiskivač,
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On doslovno odguruje,
04:33
so the propellantgorivo systemsistem and the thrustersPotisnici
are integratedintegriran into the capsulekapsula,
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znači, pogonski sustav i potisnik
integrirani su u kapsulu
04:38
and so if it detectsotkrije a rocketraketa problemproblem,
it pushesgura the capsulekapsula away.
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i ako se otkrije problem na raketi,
on odbacuje kapsulu.
04:42
CapsuleKapsula safetysigurnosni systemssustavi in the pastprošlost
have been like tractortraktor pullerspullers,
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Sigurnosni sustavi kapsule u prošlosti
bili su poput traktora za vuču
04:46
and the reasonrazlog we didn't want to do that
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i razlog zašto to nismo htjeli učiniti
je to što se taj dio mora odvojiti
prije nego što sigurno vratite kapsulu,
04:48
is that pullerTegljač needspotrebe to come off before
you can safelySigurno reenterponovno unesite that capsulekapsula,
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04:51
so we wanted to eliminateeliminirati, in designdizajn,
that possibilitymogućnost of failureneuspjeh.
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stoga smo prilikom dizajna željeli
ukloniti mogućnost neuspješnog pokušaja.
04:57
CACA: I mean, SpaceXSpaceX has madenapravljen
the regularredovan reusabilitymogućnost recikliranja of rocketsrakete
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CA: Mislim, redovita ponovna upotreba
raketa koju provodi SpaceX
05:01
seemčiniti se almostskoro routinerutina,
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izgleda gotovo rutinski,
05:03
whichkoji meanssredstva you've doneučinio something
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što znači da ste učinili nešto
što nijednom nacionalnom
svemirskom programu, na primjer,
05:05
that no nationalnacionalna
spaceprostor programprogram, for exampleprimjer,
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05:08
has been ableu stanju to achievepostići.
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nije uspjelo.
05:10
How was that possiblemoguće?
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Kako je to bilo moguće?
05:12
GSGS: I think there's a couplepar of things --
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GS: Mislim da ima tu nekoliko stvari,
05:15
there's a millionmilijuna things, actuallyzapravo --
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zapravo, milijun stvari,
05:17
that have alloweddopušteno SpaceXSpaceX to be successfuluspješan.
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koje su omogućile SpaceX-u
da bude uspješan.
05:20
The first is that we're kindljubazan of standingstajati
on the shouldersramena of giantsdivovi. Right?
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Prvi je što stvaramo na temelju prethodnih
velikih uspjeha i otkrića. Točno?
05:23
We got to look at the rocketraketa industryindustrija
and the developmentsrazvoj to datedatum,
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Morali smo promotriti
raketnu industriju i razvoj do danas
05:28
and we got to pickodabrati the bestnajbolje ideasideje,
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te odabrati najbolje ideje,
05:30
leveragemoć them.
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iskoristiti ih najbolje moguće.
05:32
We alsotakođer didn't have technologytehnologija
that we had to includeuključiti
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Nismo imali ni tehnologiju
koju smo morali uključiti
05:36
in our vehiclevozilo systemssustavi.
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u naše sustave vozila.
05:38
So we didn't have to designdizajn
around legacynasljedstvo componentskomponente
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Tako nismo morali kreirati komponente
05:42
that maybe weren'tnisu the mostnajviše reliablepouzdan
or were particularlynaročito expensiveskup,
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koje možda nisu bile najpouzdanije
ili su bile naročito skupe,
05:45
so we really were ableu stanju to let physicsfizika
drivepogon the designdizajn of these systemssustavi.
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već smo mogli dozvoliti da zakoni fizike
određuju dizajn tih sustava.
CA: Postoje i drugi programi
koji su krenuli od početka.
05:49
CACA: I mean, there are other programsprogrami
startedpočeo from scratchogrepsti.
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Zadnja rečenica koju si rekla,
dozvolili ste da fizika određuje dizajn,
05:52
That last phrasefraza you said there,
you let physicsfizika drivepogon the designdizajn,
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05:55
what's an exampleprimjer of that?
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koji je primjer toga?
05:57
GSGS: There's hundredsstotine of examplesprimjeri,
actuallyzapravo, of that,
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GS: Zapravo, postoji
na stotine takvih primjera,
06:01
but basicallyu osnovi, we got to constructizgraditi
the vehiclevozilo designdizajn
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no, u osnovi, morali smo
konstruirati dizajn vozila
06:05
from, really, a cleančist sheetlist of paperpapir,
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doslovno počevši od praznog lista papira
06:07
and we got to make decisionsodluke
that we wanted to make.
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i odlučiti što želimo stvoriti.
06:11
The tanktenk architecturearhitektura --
it's a commonzajednička domekupola designdizajn.
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Arhitektura spremnika --
to je uobičajeni dizajn kupole.
06:14
BasicallyU osnovi it's like two beerpivo canslimenke
stackedsloženi togetherzajedno,
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U osnovi, poput dvije limenke
piva složene zajedno,
06:16
one fullpuni of liquidtekući oxygenkisik,
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jedna puna tekućeg kisika,
06:18
one fullpuni of RPRP,
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druga puna rafiniranog kerozina
06:20
and that basicallyu osnovi savedspremaju weighttežina.
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i to je, u osnovi, sačuvalo težinu.
06:23
It alloweddopušteno us to basicallyu osnovi take
more payloadkorisna nosivost for the sameisti designdizajn.
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To nam je omogućilo da, u biti,
uzmemo više tereta za isti dizajn.
06:27
One of the other elementselementi of the vehiclevozilo
that we're flyingleteći right now
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Jedan od ostalih elemenata letjelica
koje danas šaljemo na let
06:31
is we do use densifiedkoncentriran
liquidtekući oxygenkisik and densifiedkoncentriran RPRP,
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je da koristimo zgusnuti tekući kisik
i zgusnuti rafinirani kerozin,
06:34
so it's ultracoldultracold,
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dakle, jako su hladni,
06:36
and it allowsomogućuje you to packpaket
more propellentpropellent into the vehiclevozilo.
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što vam omogućuje
da u vozilo stavite više goriva.
06:40
It is doneučinio elsewheredrugdje,
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To je već napravljeno i drugdje,
06:42
probablyvjerojatno not to the degreestupanj that we do it,
137
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vjerojatno ne do razine
na kojoj mi to radimo,
06:44
but it addsdodaje a lot
of marginmarža to the vehiclevozilo,
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2001
no, to daje vozilu
dosta rezervnog prostora,
06:46
whichkoji obviouslyočito addsdodaje reliabilitypouzdanost.
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što mu, očito, daje i pouzdanost.
06:48
CACA: GwynneTko, you becamepostao PresidentPredsjednik
of SpaceXSpaceX 10 yearsgodina agoprije, I think.
140
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CA: Gwynne, postala si predsjednica
SpaceX-a prije 10 godina, mislim.
06:53
What's it been like to work
so closelytijesno with ElonElon MuskMošus?
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Kako je bilo raditi
toliko blisko s Elonom Muskom?
06:57
GSGS: So I love workingrad for ElonElon.
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GS: Jako volim raditi za Elona.
06:59
I've been doing it for 16 yearsgodina
this yeargodina, actuallyzapravo.
143
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2461
Zapravo, ove godine je
16 godina kako ovo radim.
07:02
I don't think I'm dumbglup enoughdovoljno
to do something for 16 yearsgodina
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Ne mislim da sam dovoljno glupa
da 16 godina radim nešto
07:05
that I don't like doing.
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1976
što ne volim.
07:07
He's funnysmiješno
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1920
On je duhovit
07:09
and fundamentallyfundamentalno withoutbez
him sayingizreka anything
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i, u osnovi, bez da išta kaže,
07:12
he drivesdiskovi you to do your bestnajbolje work.
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potiče vas da u poslu date sve od sebe.
07:16
He doesn't have to say a wordriječ.
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Ne mora reći ni riječ.
07:17
You just want to do great work.
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Vi sami želite odraditi odličan posao.
07:20
CACA: You mightmoć be the personosoba
bestnajbolje placedpostavljen to answerodgovor this questionpitanje,
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CA: Ti bi mogla biti najbolja osoba
da odgovoriš na ovo pitanje
07:23
whichkoji has puzzledzbunjen me,
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koje me zbunilo,
07:24
whichkoji is to shedšupe lightsvjetlo
on this strangečudan unitjedinica of time
153
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a to je baciti svjetlo
na ovaj neobičan dio vremena,
07:28
calledzvao "ElonElon time."
154
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2776
zvan "Elonovo vrijeme".
07:30
For exampleprimjer, last yeargodina,
I askedpitao ElonElon, you know,
155
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3161
Na primjer, prošle godine pitao sam Elona
07:34
when TeslaTesla would
auto-driveauto-voziti acrosspreko AmericaAmerika,
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kada će Tesla krenuti Amerikom
samovozećim načinom rada,
07:37
and he said by last DecemberProsinac,
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445612
2325
on je rekao da će to biti
do prošlog prosinca,
07:39
whichkoji is definitelydefinitivno truepravi,
if you take ElonElon time into accountračun.
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što je definitivno točno,
ako računate po Elonovom vremenu.
07:44
So what's the conversionpretvorbe ratioomjer
betweenizmeđu ElonElon time and realstvaran time?
159
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4579
Pa koji je omjer Elonovog
i stvarnog vremena?
07:48
(LaughterSmijeh)
160
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1007
(Smijeh)
GS: Dovodiš me u
jedinstvenu situaciju, Chris.
07:49
GSGS: You put me
in a uniquejedinstvena positionpoložaj, ChrisChris.
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2010
Hvala ti na tome.
07:51
ThanksHvala for that.
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07:53
There's no questionpitanje that ElonElon
is very aggressiveagresivan on his timelinesvremenski tijek,
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Neupitno je da je Elon vrlo agresivan
po pitanju vremena i rokova,
07:56
but franklyiskreno, that drivesdiskovi us
to do things better and fasterbrže.
164
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4533
no, to nas potiče da radimo bolje i brže.
08:01
I think all the time
and all the moneynovac in the worldsvijet
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Mislim da sve vrijeme
i sav novac ovog svijeta
08:03
does not yieldprinos the bestnajbolje solutionriješenje,
166
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ne donose najbolje rješenje,
08:05
and so puttingstavljanje that pressurepritisak on the teamtim
to movepotez quicklybrzo is really importantvažno.
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stoga je zaista važno staviti pritisak
na tim kako bismo bili brži.
CA: Čini se da ti ovdje igraš ulogu
neke vrste ključnog posrednika.
08:11
CACA: It feelsosjeća like you playigrati
kindljubazan of a keyključ intermediaryposrednik roleuloga here.
168
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Mislim, on postavi te lude ciljeve
koji imaju svoj utjecaj,
08:14
I mean, he setssetovi these crazylud goalsciljevi
that have theirnjihov impactudar,
169
482573
4487
08:19
but, in other circumstancesokolnosti,
mightmoć blowudarac up a teamtim
170
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3494
no, u drugim okolnostima
bi mogli i uništiti tim
08:22
or setset impossiblenemoguće expectationsočekivanja.
171
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2086
ili postaviti nemoguća očekivanja.
08:24
It feelsosjeća like you've foundpronađeno a way
of sayingizreka, "Yes, ElonElon,"
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Čini se da si našla način
kako reći "Da, Elone"
i onda to ostvariti na način prihvatljiv
08:28
and then makingizrađivanje it happendogoditi se
in a way that is acceptableprihvatljiv
173
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i njemu i kompaniji, tvojim zaposlenicima.
08:31
bothoba to him and to your companydruštvo,
to your employeeszaposlenici.
174
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2927
08:34
GSGS: There is two really importantvažno
realizationsrealizacije for that.
175
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3653
GS: Ovdje postoje dvije važne vrste
shvaćanja svega ovoga.
08:37
First of all, when ElonElon sayskaže something,
you have to pausepauza
176
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4610
Prije svega, kada Elon
nešto kaže, moraš stati,
08:42
and not immediatelyodmah blurts ispitivanjem out,
"Well, that's impossiblenemoguće,"
177
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4075
a ne da ti odmah izleti
"Pa, to je nemoguće",
08:46
or, "There's no way we're going
to do that. I don't know how."
178
514706
2965
ili "Nema šanse da ćemo
to napraviti. Ne znam kako."
Zato ne kažeš ništa, razmisliš
08:49
So you zipzip it, and you think about it,
179
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1842
08:51
and you find waysnačine to get that doneučinio.
180
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1848
i nađeš načine kako to provesti.
08:53
And the other thing I realizedshvatio,
181
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2257
I druga stvar koju sam shvatila,
08:56
and it madenapravljen my jobposao satisfactionzadovoljstvo
substantiallybitno harderteže.
182
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3035
a koja mi je bitno otežavala
uživanje u svom poslu.
08:59
So I always feltosjećala like my jobposao
was to take these ideasideje
183
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4960
Uvijek mi se činilo
da je moj posao uzeti te ideje,
09:04
and kindljubazan of turnskretanje them into companydruštvo goalsciljevi,
make them achievabledostižan,
184
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3483
nekako ih pretvoriti u ciljeve kompanije,
učiniti ih ostvarivima
09:07
and kindljubazan of rollsvitak the companydruštvo over
from this steepstrm slopenagib, get it comfortableudobno.
185
535632
4602
i prevesti kompaniju preko te
strme padine, učiniti sve ugodnijim.
09:12
And I noticedprimijetio everysvaki time
I feltosjećala like we were there,
186
540258
3039
I primjetila sam da, svaki put
kada mi se činilo da smo uspjeli,
09:15
we were rollingvaljanje over,
people were gettinguzimajući comfortableudobno,
187
543321
3313
svladavali smo to,
ljudi su se osjećali ugodnije,
09:18
ElonElon would throwbacanje something out there,
188
546658
1762
Elon bi tada dobacio nešto
09:20
and all of a suddennaglo, we're not comfortableudobno
189
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2143
i odjednom smo izgubili tu ležernost
09:22
and we're climbingpenjanje that steepstrm slopenagib again.
190
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2317
i ponovo bismo se uspinjali
tom strmom padinom.
09:24
But then oncejednom I realizedshvatio
that that's his jobposao,
191
552952
2626
No, kada sam jednom shvatila
da je to njegov posao,
09:27
and my jobposao is to get the companydruštvo
closeblizu to comfortableudobno
192
555602
3322
a da je moj posao da kompaniju dovedem
što bliže toj ležernosti,
09:30
so he can pushgurnuti again
and put us back on that slopenagib,
193
558948
2709
kako bi nas on ponovo pogurao dalje,
tada sam puno više
počela voljeti svoj posao,
09:33
then I startedpočeo likingželjama my jobposao a lot more,
194
561681
1971
09:35
insteadumjesto of always beingbiće frustratedfrustriran.
195
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2089
umjesto da sam stalno frustrirana.
09:37
CACA: So if I estimatedprocijenjen
that the conversationrazgovor ratioomjer
196
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3301
CA: Znači, ako sam procijenio da je omjer
09:41
for ElonElon time to your time is about 2x,
197
569114
2293
Elonovog i realnog vremena
otprilike dvostruki,
09:43
am I a long way out there?
198
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2920
jesam li jako daleko od toga?
09:46
GSGS: That's not terribleužasan,
and you said it, I didn't.
199
574375
2564
GS: Nije to strašno,
a i ti si to rekao, ne ja.
09:48
(LaughterSmijeh)
200
576963
1991
(Smijeh)
09:50
CACA: You know, looking aheadnaprijed,
201
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1999
CA: Znaš, gledajući naprijed,
09:53
one hugeogroman initiativeinicijativa
202
581001
1668
smatralo se, pričalo se,
09:54
SpaceXSpaceX is believedvjerovao to be,
rumoredGovorkanje to be workingrad on,
203
582693
3006
da SpaceX radi na jednoj
velikoj inicijativi,
09:57
is a massivemasivan networkmreža of literallydoslovce
thousandstisuća of lownizak earthZemlja orbitorbita satellitessateliti
204
585723
6555
koju čini ogromna mreža od doslovno
tisuća nisko orbitnih satelita
10:04
to providepružiti high-bandwidthpovisok-širina pojasa,
low-costniska cijena internetInternet connectionveza
205
592302
3515
kako bi osigurala jeftin,
široko pojasni internet
10:07
to everysvaki squarekvadrat footnoga of planetplaneta earthZemlja.
206
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2365
svakom četvornom metru Zemljine površine.
10:10
Is there anything
you can tell us about this?
207
598230
2234
Ima li tu nečeg što nam možeš reći?
10:12
GSGS: We actuallyzapravo don't chatrazgovor very much
about this particularposebno projectprojekt,
208
600488
4102
GS: Zapravo, ne pričamo mnogo
o tom projektu,
10:16
not because we're hidingskrivanje anything,
209
604614
1690
ne zato što bilo što skrivamo,
već zato što je to vjerojatno
jedan od najizazovnijih,
10:18
but this is probablyvjerojatno
one of the mostnajviše challengingizazovno
210
606328
2246
10:20
if not the mostnajviše challengingizazovno
projectprojekt we'veimamo undertakenkoje se poduzimaju.
211
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2538
ako ne i najizazovniji projekt
kojeg smo ikada pokrenuli.
10:23
No one has been successfuluspješan
212
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1842
Nitko nije bio uspješan
10:25
deployinguvođenje a hugeogroman constellationkonstelacija
for internetInternet broadbandširokopojasni,
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3581
u razvijanju goleme mreže
široko pojasnog interneta,
10:28
or basicallyu osnovi for satellitesatelit internetInternet,
214
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2299
ili, u biti, satelitskog interneta,
10:30
and I don't think physicsfizika
is the difficultyteškoća here.
215
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2615
i ne mislim da je tu problem u fizici.
10:33
I think we can come up
with the right technologytehnologija solutionriješenje,
216
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2876
Mislim da možemo doći
do pravog tehnološkog rješenja,
10:36
but we need to make a businessPoslovni out of it,
217
624493
2260
ali iz toga moramo razviti posao,
10:38
and it'llto će costcijena the companydruštvo
about 10 billionmilijardi dollarsdolara or more
218
626777
3587
a to će kompaniju stajati
oko 10 milijardi dolara ili više
10:42
to deployuvođenje this systemsistem.
219
630388
1761
da razvije taj sustav.
10:44
And so we're marchingmarširaju steadilystalno alonguz
220
632173
4061
Čvrsto idemo tim putem,
10:48
but we're certainlysigurno
not claimingtvrditi victorypobjeda yetjoš.
221
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2365
no, još ne proglašavamo pobjedu.
10:50
CACA: I mean, the impactudar of that,
obviouslyočito, if that happeneddogodilo to the worldsvijet,
222
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3429
CA: Mislim, očito, da se taj utjecaj
već proširio svijetom,
ta opća povezanost,
bilo bi to prilično radikalno,
10:54
of connectivityPovezivanje everywheresvugdje, posvuda,
would be prettyprilično radicalradikal,
223
642100
3388
10:57
and perhapsmožda mainlyuglavnom for good --
224
645512
1493
i možda uglavnom zauvijek --
Mislim, velika je promjena ako se odjednom
svatko može jeftino povezati.
10:59
I mean, it changespromjene a lot
if suddenlyiznenada everyonesvatko can connectSpojiti cheaplyjeftino.
225
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3815
11:02
GSGS: Yeah, there's no questionpitanje
it'llto će changepromijeniti the worldsvijet.
226
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2477
GS: Da, nema sumnje
da će to promijeniti svijet.
11:05
CACA: How much of a worrybrinuti is it,
227
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1848
CA: Kolika je briga
11:07
and how much of a dragkočnica
on the planningplaniranje is it,
228
655241
2183
i koliki je pritisak na planiranje,
zabrinutost oko svemirskog otpada?
11:09
are concernszabrinutost just about spaceprostor junkstarudija?
229
657448
1985
11:11
People worrybrinuti a lot about this.
230
659457
1468
Ljudi se jako brinu oko toga.
11:12
This would a hugeogroman increasepovećati in the totalukupno
numberbroj of satellitessateliti in orbitorbita.
231
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3343
Ovo bi jako povećalo
ukupan broj satelita u orbiti.
Je li to razlog za brigu?
11:16
Is that a concernbriga?
232
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1151
GS: Nema sumnje, svemirske krhotine
su razlog za brigu,
11:17
GSGS: So spaceprostor debriskrhotine is a concernbriga,
there's no questionpitanje --
233
665491
3681
ne zato jer je velika vjerojatnost toga,
11:21
not because it's so likelyVjerojatno to happendogoditi se,
234
669196
2515
11:23
but the consequencesposljedice of it happeningdogađa
are prettyprilično devastatingporažavajući.
235
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3894
već zato jer su posljedica toga
prilično razarajuće.
11:27
You could basicallyu osnovi spewizbacivati
a bunchmnogo of particlesčestice in orbitorbita
236
675653
3766
Zapravo biste izbacivanjem
hrpe čestica u orbitu
11:31
that could take out that orbitorbita
from beingbiće usefulkoristan for decadesdesetljeća or longerviše.
237
679443
5158
mogli prouzročiti štetu u samoj orbiti
koja bi trajala još desetljećima kasnije.
11:36
So as a matterstvar of factčinjenica,
238
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1818
Zapravo,
11:38
we are requiredpotreban to bringdonijeti down
our seconddrugi stagefaza after everysvaki missionmisija
239
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3879
od nas se traži da letjelicu iz orbite
vratimo na Zemlju nakon svake misije,
11:42
so it doesn't endkraj up beingbiće
a rocketraketa carcassleš orbitingu orbiti earthZemlja.
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690370
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kako ne bi završila kao raketno truplo
koje kruži oko Zemlje.
11:46
So you really need to be
a good stewardUpravitelj of that.
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694521
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Zato zaista morate time dobro upravljati.
11:50
CACA: So despitebez obzira na
the remarkableizvanredan successuspjeh there
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CA: Usprkos izvanrednom uspjehu
11:54
of that FalconSokol HeavyTeška rocketraketa,
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702522
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letjelice Falcon Heavy,
11:57
you're actuallyzapravo not focusingfokusiranje on that
as your futurebudućnost developmentrazvoj planplan.
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705893
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to vam, zapravo,
nije u fokusu plana razvoja.
12:01
You're doublingdubliranje down
to a much biggerveći rocketraketa
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709165
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Ulažete u mnogo veću letjelicu
12:04
calledzvao the BFRBFR,
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712180
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po imenu BFR,
12:05
whichkoji standsstoji for ...
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713712
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što je kratica za...
12:07
GSGS: It's the BigVeliki FalconSokol RocketRaketa.
CACA: The BigVeliki FalconSokol RocketRaketa, that's right.
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715506
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GS: Big Falcon Rocket.
CA: Big Falcon Rocket, tako je.
(Smijeh)
12:11
(LaughterSmijeh)
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719863
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Koja je poslovna logika toga
12:13
What's the businessPoslovni logiclogika of doing this
250
721553
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12:16
when you investeduloženo all that
in that incrediblenevjerojatan technologytehnologija,
251
724247
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kada ste investirali sve
u onu nevjerojatnu tehnologiju,
12:19
and now you're just going
to something much biggerveći. Why?
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727569
2828
a sada jednostavno idete
na nešto još mnogo veće. Zašto?
12:22
GSGS: ActuallyZapravo, we'veimamo learnednaučeno some lessonslekcije
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730421
1912
GS: Zapravo, naučili smo neke lekcije
s vremenom razvijajući
te lansirne sustave.
12:24
over the durationtrajanje where we'veimamo
been developingrazvoju these launchlansiranje systemssustavi.
254
732357
3687
12:28
What we want to do is not introducepredstaviti
a newnovi productproizvod before we'veimamo been ableu stanju
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Ne želimo predstaviti novi proizvod
dok nismo u stanju
12:32
to convinceuvjeriti the customersklijenti that this
is the productproizvod that they should movepotez to,
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740972
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uvjeriti klijente da je to proizvod
na koji bi trebali prijeći,
12:36
so we're workingrad on
the BigVeliki FalconSokol RocketRaketa now,
257
744575
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zato sada radimo na Big Falcon Rocketu,
12:39
but we're going to continuenastaviti
flyingleteći FalconSokol 9s and FalconSokol HeaviesKoliko imam
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747971
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ali i dalje ćemo slati u svemir
Falcon 9 i Falcon Heavy,
12:43
untildo there is absoluteapsolutan
widespreadrasprostranjen acceptanceprihvaćanje of BFRBFR.
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751010
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sve dok BFR ne postane široko prihvaćen.
12:46
But we are workingrad on it right now,
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754867
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No, sada radimo na tome
12:48
we're just not going to cancelOdustani
FalconSokol 9 and FalconSokol HeavyTeška
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i nećemo otkazati linije
Falcon 9 i Falcon Heavy
12:52
and just put in placemjesto BFRBFR.
262
760073
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te ih samo zamijeniti BFR-om.
12:55
CACA: The logiclogika is that BFRBFR is what you need
to take humanityčovječanstvo to MarsMars?
263
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CA: Logika ovoga je da je BFR ono što vam
treba da odvedete ljudsku vrstu na Mars?
12:59
GSGS: That's correctispravan.
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767524
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GS: Tako je.
13:00
CACA: But somehownekako, you've alsotakođer foundpronađeno
other businessPoslovni ideasideje for this.
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768777
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CA: No, nekako ste došli
i do drugih poslovnih ideja za ovo.
13:04
GSGS: Yes. BFRBFR can take the satellitessateliti
that we're currentlytrenutno takinguzimanje to orbitorbita
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772911
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GS: Da. BFR može satelite
koje trenutno šaljemo u orbitu,
13:08
to manymnogi orbitsorbite.
267
776407
1233
u više orbita,
13:09
It allowsomogućuje for even a newnovi classklasa
of satellitessateliti to be deliveredisporučena to orbitorbita.
268
777664
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omogućuje nam da se čak
i nove vrste satelita odvedu u orbitu.
13:15
BasicallyU osnovi, the widthširina, the diameterpromjer
of the fairingizglađivanje is eightosam metersmetara,
269
783013
3626
U osnovi, širina, promjer
konstrukcije je osam metara
13:18
so you can think about
what giantgigantski telescopesteleskopi
270
786663
2349
pa možete zamisliti
koliko velike teleskope
13:21
you can put in that fairingizglađivanje,
in that cargoteret bayzaljev,
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789036
3420
možete smjestiti unutra,
u taj teretni dio,
13:24
and see really incrediblenevjerojatan things
272
792480
2095
vidjeti zaista nevjerojatne stvari
13:26
and discoverotkriti incrediblenevjerojatan things in spaceprostor.
273
794599
2269
te otkriti nevjerojatne stvari u svemiru.
13:28
But then there are some
residualpreostale capabilitiessposobnosti
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796892
2182
No, tu su i preostale mogućnosti
13:31
that we have out of BFRBFR as well.
275
799098
2308
koje imamo izvan BFR-a.
13:33
CACA: A residualpreostale capabilitysposobnost?
GSGS: It's a residualpreostale capabilitysposobnost.
276
801430
2772
CA: Preostale mogućnosti?
GS: Preostale mogućnosti.
13:36
CACA: Is that what you call this?
Talk about what the heckpakao this is.
277
804226
3109
CA: Tako to zovete?
Reci o čemu se tu uopće radi.
13:39
Oh wait a secsek --
278
807360
1151
Samo tren --
GS: Ovo je Falcon Heavy.
13:40
GSGS: That's FalconSokol HeavyTeška.
279
808535
1171
I usput, ovo vrijedi istaknuti.
13:41
That's worthvrijedan pointingpokazuje out, by the way.
280
809730
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13:43
What a beautifullijep rocketraketa,
281
811565
1411
Kakva predivna raketa,
13:45
and that hangarhangara could just fitodgovara
the StatueKip of LibertyLiberty in it,
282
813000
4960
u taj hangar može stati i Kip slobode
13:49
so you get a senseosjećaj of sizeveličina
of that FalconSokol HeavyTeška RocketRaketa.
283
817984
4396
pa možete dobiti predodžbu
koliko je velik Falcon Heavy Rocket.
13:54
CACA: And the factčinjenica that
there are 27 enginesmotori there.
284
822404
2476
CA: A i činjenica da je u njemu 27 motora.
13:56
That's partdio of the designdizajn principlenačelo
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824904
1667
To je dio principa cijelog dizajna
13:58
that you, ratherradije than just
inventingizmišljanje ever biggerveći rocketsrakete,
286
826595
3229
gdje, umjesto da samo stvarate
nove, veće letjelice,
14:01
you teamtim them up.
287
829848
1150
stavite ih zajedno.
GS: Upravo je to ta druga mogućnost.
14:03
GSGS: It's exactlytočno this residualpreostale capabilitysposobnost.
288
831014
2086
Za Falcon 1 razvili smo motor Merlin.
14:05
We developedrazvijen the MerlinMerlin enginemotor
for the FalconSokol 1 launchlansiranje vehiclevozilo.
289
833124
3018
14:08
We could have tossedbacio that enginemotor
290
836166
1766
Mogli smo baciti taj motor
14:09
and builtizgrađen an entirelypotpuno newnovi enginemotor
for the FalconSokol 9.
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837956
2961
i izgraditi posve novi za Falcon 9.
14:12
It would have been calledzvao
something differentdrugačiji,
292
840941
2178
Zvao bi se nekako drugačije
jer Falcon 9 sadrži devet motora Merlin,
14:15
because FalconSokol 9 is ninedevet MerlinMerlin enginesmotori,
293
843143
1905
no, umjesto da potrošimo
milijarde dolara na posve novi motor,
14:17
but insteadumjesto of spendingtrošenje a billionmilijardi dollarsdolara
on a brandmarka newnovi enginemotor,
294
845072
3039
14:20
we put ninedevet of them togetherzajedno
on the back endkraj of FalconSokol 9.
295
848135
3186
smjestili smo njih devet zajedno
na stražnji dio Falcona 9.
14:23
ResidualPreostale capabilitysposobnost:
glueljepilo threetri FalconSokol 9s togetherzajedno
296
851345
3080
Druga mogućnost znači:
spojite tri letjelice Falcon 9
14:26
and you have the largestnajveći
operationaloperativan rocketraketa flyingleteći.
297
854449
3119
i dobit ćete najveću operativnu raketu.
14:29
And so it was expensiveskup to do,
298
857592
1809
Taj poduhvat je bio skup,
14:31
but it was a much more efficientučinkovit pathstaza
than startingpolazeći from scratchogrepsti.
299
859425
3226
ali je bio mnogo učinkovitiji,
nego da smo sve radili od početka.
14:34
CACA: And the BFRBFR is the equivalentekvivalent
of how much biggerveći than that,
300
862675
3861
CA: A koliko je BFR veći od ovoga,
14:38
in termsUvjeti of its powervlast?
301
866560
1151
u smislu snage?
14:39
GSGS: BFRBFR is about, I believe,
two and halfpola timesputa the sizeveličina of this.
302
867735
3120
GS: BFR je, mislim,
oko dva i pol puta veći.
14:42
CACA: Right, and so that allowsomogućuje you --
303
870879
1977
CA: Tako je, i to vam omogućuje --
14:44
I mean, I still don't really believe
this videovideo that we're about to playigrati here.
304
872880
3687
Mislim, i dalje zaista ne vjerujem
što sve vidimo u ovom videu.
14:48
What on earthZemlja is this?
305
876591
1851
Što li je ovo?
14:50
GSGS: So it currentlytrenutno is on earthZemlja,
306
878863
2859
GS: Ovo je trenutno na Zemlji,
14:53
but this is basicallyu osnovi
spaceprostor travelputovati for earthlingsZemljani.
307
881746
3132
ali ovo je, u biti, svemirsko
putovanje za Zemljane.
14:56
I can't wait for this residualpreostale capabilitysposobnost.
308
884903
2221
Jedva čekam ovdje dodatnu mogućnost.
14:59
BasicallyU osnovi, what we're going to do
is we're going to flyletjeti BFRBFR like an aircraftzrakoplov
309
887148
4656
U osnovi, poslat ćemo BFR na let kao avion
15:03
and do point-to-pointPoint-to-Point travelputovati on earthZemlja,
310
891828
2586
i omogućiti putovanja Zemljom
od točke to točke,
15:06
so you can take off
from NewNovi YorkYork CityGrad or VancouverVancouver
311
894438
4027
tako da ćete polijetati
iz New Yorka ili Vancouvera
i putovati upola kraće
na drugi kraj svijeta.
15:10
and flyletjeti halfwayna pola puta acrosspreko the globeGlobus.
312
898489
2038
15:12
You'llVi ćete be on the BFRBFR for roughlygrubo
halfpola an hoursat or 40 minutesminuta,
313
900551
4015
Na BFR-u ćete biti
oko pola sata ili 40 minuta,
15:16
and the longestnajduži partdio --
yeah, it's so awesomesuper.
314
904590
2444
a najduži dio --
da, to je fenomenalno.
15:19
(ApplausePljesak)
315
907058
1092
(Pljesak)
Najduži dio tog leta je,
zapravo, pokretanje i vraćanje.
15:20
The longestnajduži partdio of that flightlet
is actuallyzapravo the boatčamac out and back.
316
908174
4193
15:24
(LaughterSmijeh)
317
912391
1001
(Smijeh)
15:25
CACA: I mean. GwynneTko, come on,
this is awesomesuper, but it's crazylud, right?
318
913416
3402
GS: Mislim, Gwynne,
to je fenomenalno, ali i ludo, zar ne?
15:28
This is never going to actuallyzapravo happendogoditi se.
319
916842
2850
To se nikada neće zaista dogoditi.
GS: A ne, to će se definitivno dogoditi.
15:31
GSGS: Oh no, it's definitelydefinitivno
going to happendogoditi se.
320
919716
2019
To će se definitivno dogoditi.
15:33
This is definitelydefinitivno going to happendogoditi se.
321
921759
1667
15:35
CACA: How?
322
923450
1151
CA: Kako?
15:36
(ApplausePljesak)
323
924625
4134
(Pljesak)
15:40
So first of all, countrieszemlje are going
to acceptprihvatiti this incomingdolazni missileraketa --
324
928783
4256
Prije svega, države će prihvatiti
tu nadolazeću raketu --
(Smijeh)
15:45
(LaughterSmijeh)
325
933063
1001
GS: Chris, možeš li zamisliti
kako pokušavamo uvjeriti federalnu razinu,
15:46
GSGS: ChrisChris, so can you imaginezamisliti
us tryingtežak to convinceuvjeriti a federalfederalni rangeopseg,
326
934088
4341
15:50
AirKlima ForceSila basesbaze to take the incomersincomers?
327
938453
2143
zračnu bazu, da prihvati
nadolazeće letjelice?
15:52
Because we're doing it now,
regularlyredovito, right?
328
940620
2180
Jer sada to činimo
na redovnoj bazi, zar ne?
Vraćamo one koje su uzletjele
15:54
We're bringingdonošenje the first stagesfaze back,
329
942824
1801
i prizemljujemo ih
na federalno tlo zračne baze.
15:56
and we're landingslijetanje them
on federalfederalni propertysvojstvo on an AirKlima ForceSila basebaza.
330
944649
3007
Na taj način, ne znam,
15:59
So I think doing it, I don't know,
331
947680
1745
10 km izvan grada,
možda je i samo 5 km izvan grada.
16:01
10 kilometerskilometara out from a cityGrad, maybe
it's only fivepet kilometerskilometara out from a cityGrad.
332
949449
3729
CA: I koliko putnika si, uopće,
može priuštiti tu sreću
16:05
CACA: So how manymnogi passengersputnika
can possiblymožda affordpriuštiti the fortunebogatstvo
333
953202
2815
da leti svemirom?
16:08
of flyingleteći by spaceprostor?
334
956041
1019
16:09
GSGS: So the first BFRBFR is going to have
roughlygrubo a hundredstotina passengersputnika.
335
957132
5008
GS: Prvi BFR imat će oko stotinu putnika.
16:14
And let's talk a little bitbit
about the businessPoslovni.
336
962165
2198
A recimo nešto i o poslovanju.
Svi misle da su rakete stvarno skupe,
16:16
EveryoneSvi thinksmisli rocketsrakete
are really expensiveskup,
337
964387
2142
16:18
and to a largeveliki degreestupanj they are,
338
966554
1539
u širem smislu i jesu,
i kako bismo se tu uopće mogli natjecati
s cijenom avionskih karata?
16:20
and how could we possiblymožda competekonkurirati
with airlineaviokompanija ticketsulaznice here?
339
968463
2810
16:23
But if you think about it,
if I can do this tripputovanje
340
971298
2315
Ali ako razmislite,
ako mogu prevaliti taj put
16:25
in halfpola an hoursat to an hoursat,
341
973638
2929
u pola sata do sat vremena,
16:28
I can do dozensdesetine of these a day, right?
342
976591
2956
tako mogu putovati i više
desetaka puta dnevno, zar ne?
16:31
And yetjoš, a long-haulduge relacije aircraftzrakoplov
can only make one of those flightsletovi a day.
343
979571
3622
S druge strane, duge zračne linije mogu
imati takve letove samo jednom dnevno.
16:35
So even if my rocketraketa
was slightlymalo more expensiveskup
344
983217
2309
Dakle, čak i ako je
ta raketa nešto skuplja
16:37
and the fuelgorivo is
a little bitbit more expensiveskup,
345
985550
2036
te da je i gorivo nešto skuplje,
16:39
I can runtrčanje 10x at leastnajmanje
what they're runningtrčanje in a day,
346
987611
2900
što oni prelete u jednom danu,
ja mogu barem 10 puta dnevno,
16:42
and really make the revenueprihod
that I need to out of that systemsistem.
347
990536
3491
čime stvaram očekivani prihod
iz ovakvog sustava.
16:46
CACA: So you really believe this is going
to be deployedrazmještene at some pointtočka
348
994051
3274
CA: Dakle, zaista vjeruješ da će se to
razviti u nekom trenutku
16:49
in our amazingnevjerojatan futurebudućnost. When?
349
997349
1669
naše budućnosti. Kada?
16:51
GSGS: WithinU roku od a decadedesetljeće, for sure.
350
999042
1843
GS: Zasigurno unutar jednog desetljeća.
16:53
CACA: And this is GwynneTko time or ElonElon time?
351
1001495
2618
CA: Je li to po Gwynnenom
ili Elonovom vremenu?
CS: Po Gwynnenom vremenu. Elon će
sigurno htjeti da budemo i brži.
16:56
GSGS: That's GwynneTko time.
I'm sure ElonElon will want us to go fasterbrže.
352
1004137
3072
16:59
(LaughterSmijeh)
353
1007233
1245
(Smijeh)
17:01
CACA: OK, that's certainlysigurno amazingnevjerojatan.
354
1009056
4111
CA: Ok, to je stvarno nevjerojatno.
17:05
(LaughterSmijeh)
355
1013191
1621
(Smijeh)
17:06
GSGS: I'm personallylično investeduloženo in this one,
because I travelputovati a lot
356
1014836
3044
GS: I sama sam osobno uključena u to
jer mnogo putujem,
a ne volim putovati
17:09
and I do not love to travelputovati,
357
1017904
1368
17:11
and I would love to get to see
my customersklijenti in RiyadhRiyadh,
358
1019296
3587
pa bih voljela posjetiti
svoje klijente u Riyadhu
odlazeći ujutro i vraćajući se navečer
na vrijeme da pripremim večeru.
17:14
leavenapustiti in the morningjutro
and be back in time to make dinnervečera.
359
1022907
3218
17:18
CACA: So we're going to testtest this out.
360
1026149
1769
CA: Dakle, testirat ćemo to.
Unutar 10 godina,
cijena karte ekonomskog razreda,
17:19
So withinunutar 10 yearsgodina,
an economyEkonomija pricecijena ticketulaznica,
361
1027942
2770
17:22
or, like, a couplepar thousandtisuću dollarsdolara
perpo personosoba to flyletjeti NewNovi YorkYork to ShanghaiShanghai.
362
1030736
5650
ili nekoliko tisuća dolara da bi
osoba letjela od New Yorka do Šangaja.
GS: Da, mislim da će cijena biti
između ekonomskog i poslovnog razreda,
17:28
GSGS: Yeah, I think it'llto će be betweenizmeđu
economyEkonomija and businessPoslovni,
363
1036410
3110
17:31
but you do it in an hoursat.
364
1039544
1398
ali putujete sat vremena.
17:32
CACA: Yeah, well, OK,
that is definitelydefinitivno something.
365
1040966
2777
CA: Da, ok, to je
definitivno nešto posebno.
17:35
(LaughterSmijeh)
366
1043767
1001
(Smijeh)
17:36
And meanwhileu međuvremenu, the other use
of BFRBFR is beingbiće developedrazvijen
367
1044792
3339
A u međuvremenu se razvija
još jedna druga uporaba BFR-a,
17:40
to go a little bitbit furtherunaprijediti than ShanghaiShanghai.
368
1048155
3189
a to je ići i malo dalje od Šangaja.
17:43
Talk about this.
369
1051368
1242
Pričaj nam o tome.
Vi ste, zapravo, razvili
prilično detaljnu sliku
17:44
You guys have actuallyzapravo developedrazvijen
quitedosta a detaileddetaljne, sortvrsta of, pictureslika
370
1052634
3993
17:48
of how humansljudi mightmoć flyletjeti to MarsMars,
371
1056651
3420
kako bi ljudi mogli letjeti na Mars
17:52
and what that would look like.
372
1060095
1592
i kako bi to moglo izgledati.
17:53
GSGS: Yeah. So we'veimamo got a videovideo,
this is a croppedobrezana videovideo
373
1061711
2572
GS: Da. Imamo ovdje video, izrađen je
17:56
from othersdrugi we'veimamo shownprikazan, and then
there's a couplepar of newnovi bitskomadići to it.
374
1064307
3309
od ostalih koje smo prikazali
i tu ima par novih stvari.
17:59
But basicallyu osnovi, you're going
to liftlift off from a padjastučić,
375
1067640
3318
No, u osnovi, poletjet ćete s uzletišta,
18:02
you've got a boosterpovišenje tlaka as well as the BFSBFS,
the BigVeliki FalconSokol SpaceshipSvemirski brod.
376
1070982
3941
imate raketni pojačivač kao i BFS,
Big Falcon Spaceship.
18:07
It's going to take off.
377
1075535
1182
Uzletjet će.
18:11
The boosterpovišenje tlaka is going to droppad
the spaceshipsvemirski brod off in orbitorbita,
378
1079550
3391
Raketni pojačivač
odbacit će letjelicu u orbitu,
18:14
lownizak earthZemlja orbitorbita,
379
1082965
1150
u nižu Zemljinu orbitu
18:16
and then returnpovratak just like
we're returningpovratak boosterspojačala right now.
380
1084139
3206
i onda se vratiti kako ga vraćamo i sada.
18:19
So it soundszvukovi incrediblenevjerojatan,
but we're workingrad on the pieceskomada,
381
1087369
2722
Ovo zvuči nevjerojatno,
ali polako radimo na tim fazama
i možete vidjeti kako uspijevamo u tome.
18:22
and you can see us achievepostići these pieceskomada.
382
1090115
1968
Raketni pojačivač se vraća.
18:24
So boosterpovišenje tlaka comesdolazi back.
383
1092107
1203
18:25
The newnovi thing here
384
1093334
1151
Ono novo ovdje je to
18:26
is that we're going to actuallyzapravo landzemljište
on the padjastučić that we launchedpokrenut from.
385
1094509
3319
da ćemo sletjeti na isto mjesto
s kojeg smo lansirali letjelicu.
Trenutno slijećemo
na drugo mjesto ili na brod.
18:29
CurrentlyTrenutno, we landzemljište on a separateodvojen padjastučić,
or we landzemljište out on a boatčamac.
386
1097852
2968
18:33
FastBrzo, quickbrz connectSpojiti.
387
1101390
1673
Brzo povezivanje.
18:35
You take a cargoteret shipbrod fullpuni of fuelgorivo,
388
1103087
2669
Preuzimate teretnu letjelicu punu goriva
18:37
or a fuelgorivo depotDepo,
389
1105780
1173
ili spremište goriva,
smještate ga na raketni pojačivač,
pošaljete u orbitu,
18:38
put it on that boosterpovišenje tlaka, get that in orbitorbita,
390
1106977
2474
18:41
do a dockingvez maneuvermanevar,
refuelpunjenje goriva the spaceshipsvemirski brod,
391
1109475
2924
izvedete manevar sa spajanjem,
napunite letjelicu gorivom
18:45
and headglava on to your destinationodredište,
392
1113979
1874
i idete prema odredištu,
18:47
and this one is MarsMars.
393
1115877
2113
u ovom slučaju, na Mars.
18:51
CACA: So, like, a hundredstotina people
go to MarsMars at one time,
394
1119131
5301
CA: Znači, da bi sto ljudi
u jednom trenutku otišlo na Mjesec,
18:56
takinguzimanje, what, sixšest monthsmjeseci? Two monthsmjeseci?
395
1124456
2690
potrebno je, koliko,
šest mjeseci? Dva mjeseca?
18:59
GSGS: It endskrajevi up dependingovisno
on how bigvelika the rocketraketa is.
396
1127170
2626
GS: Ovisi o veličini rakete.
19:01
I think this first versionverzija,
and we'lldobro continuenastaviti to make
397
1129820
3182
Mislim da za ovu prvu verziju,
a nastavit ćemo proizvoditi
19:05
even biggerveći BFRsBFR,
398
1133026
2158
i veće BFR-ove,
19:07
I think it's a three-monthtri mjeseca tripputovanje.
399
1135208
2031
mislim da će putovanje
trajati tri mjeseca.
19:09
Right now, the averageprosječan is sixšest to eightosam,
400
1137263
1915
Sada je prosjek šest do osam mjeseci,
19:11
but we're going to try to do it fasterbrže.
401
1139202
1962
no, mi ćemo pokušati da to bude i brže.
19:13
CACA: When do you believe SpaceXSpaceX
will landzemljište the first humanljudski on MarsMars?
402
1141188
4455
CA: Kada očekujete da će SpaceX
dovesti prvog čovjeka na Mars?
GS: Vrlo je sličan vremenski okvir
kao putovanje od točke do točke.
19:17
GSGS: It's a very similarsličan time frameokvir
from the point-to-pointPoint-to-Point.
403
1145667
2762
19:20
It's the sameisti capabilitysposobnost.
404
1148453
1245
Ista osposobljenost.
19:21
It will be withinunutar a decadedesetljeće --
not this decadedesetljeće.
405
1149722
4209
To će biti unutar jednog desetljeća,
ne ovog desetljeća.
19:25
CACA: In realstvaran time, again, withinunutar a decadedesetljeće.
406
1153955
2210
CA: U realnom vremenu,
unutar jednog desetljeća.
19:28
Well, that would alsotakođer be amazingnevjerojatan.
407
1156189
2799
I to bi bilo nevjerojatno.
19:31
(LaughterSmijeh)
408
1159012
1150
(Smijeh)
19:32
Why, thoughiako? SeriouslyOzbiljno, why?
409
1160186
2515
Ipak, zašto? Stvarno, zašto?
19:34
I mean, you've got a companydruštvo
where this is the officialslužbeno statednavedeno missionmisija.
410
1162725
3754
Mislim, imate kompaniju koja to ima
istaknuto kao svoju službenu misiju.
19:38
Has everyonesvatko actuallyzapravo
boughtkupio into that missionmisija,
411
1166503
2507
Je li svatko zaista povjerovao u tu misiju
19:41
givendan that, I mean,
there's a lot of people around
412
1169034
2692
obzirom da ima mnogo ljudi
19:43
who think, come on,
you've got so much talenttalenat,
413
1171750
2158
koji misle, imate toliko talenta,
19:45
so much technologytehnologija capabilitysposobnost.
414
1173932
1697
toliko tehnologije na raspolaganju.
19:47
There are so manymnogi things on earthZemlja
that need urgenthitan attentionpažnja.
415
1175653
3311
Toliko je toga na Zemlji
što traži hitnu pozornost.
19:50
Why would you have this escapepobjeći tripputovanje
off to anotherjoš planetplaneta?
416
1178988
2945
Što će vam to putovanje,
taj bijeg na drugi planet?
19:53
(ApplausePljesak)
417
1181957
1635
(Pljesak)
19:55
GSGS: So I am gladradostan you askedpitao that,
418
1183616
1680
GS: Drago mi je da si to pitao,
19:57
but I think we need
to expandproširiti our mindsmisli a little bitbit.
419
1185320
2644
no, mislim da trebamo
razmišljati malo šire.
19:59
There are plentymnogo of things to do on earthZemlja,
420
1187988
2079
Mnogo je toga što treba
napraviti na Zemlji,
20:02
but there are lots of companiestvrtke
workingrad on that.
421
1190091
2571
ali je i mnogo kompanija
koje rade na tome.
20:04
I think we're workingrad on one of
the mostnajviše importantvažno things we possiblymožda can,
422
1192686
4295
Mislim da mi radimo na jednoj
od najvažnijih stvari koje možemo,
20:09
and that's to find anotherjoš placemjesto
for humansljudi to liveživjeti and survivepreživjeti and thrivenapredovati.
423
1197005
4727
a to je pronaći još jedno mjesto gdje će
ljudi živjeti, preživjeti i napredovati.
20:13
If something happeneddogodilo on earthZemlja,
424
1201756
3309
Da se nešto dogodi na Zemlji,
20:17
you need humansljudi livingživot somewherenegdje elsedrugo.
425
1205089
2095
trebate neko drugo mjesto
gdje će ljudi živjeti.
20:20
(ApplausePljesak)
426
1208896
1772
(Pljesak)
20:22
It's the fundamentalosnovni riskrizik reductionsmanjenje
for the humanljudski speciesvrsta.
427
1210692
2757
Radi se o osnovnom
sprečavanju rizika za ljudsku vrstu.
20:25
And this does not subvertsrušiti
428
1213473
2223
To ne sprječava
20:27
makingizrađivanje our planetplaneta here better
and doing a better jobposao takinguzimanje carebriga of it,
429
1215720
4809
da naš planet ovdje učinimo boljim
i da se bolje brinemo za njega,
20:32
but I think you need
multiplevišekratnik pathsstaze to survivalopstanak,
430
1220553
3110
već mislim da trebamo
više opcija za opstanak,
20:35
and this is one of them.
431
1223687
2143
a ovo je jedna od njih.
I nemojmo ovdje govoriti
o crnom scenariju,
20:37
And let's not talk about the downerDauner piecekomad,
432
1225854
2099
kao, idete na Mars kako biste osigurali
da svi Zemljani prežive.
20:39
like, you go to MarsMars to make sure
all earthlingsZemljani don't dieumrijeti.
433
1227977
3388
20:43
That's terribleužasan, actuallyzapravo,
that's a terribleužasan reasonrazlog to go do it.
434
1231389
3650
To je užasno, zaista,
užasan razlog za sve ovo.
20:47
FundamentallyOsnovi,
it's anotherjoš placemjesto to exploreistražiti,
435
1235063
2928
U osnovi, radi se o novom mjestu
koje treba istražiti
20:50
and that's what makesmarke humansljudi
differentdrugačiji from animalsživotinje,
436
1238015
3398
i to je ono što ljudsku vrstu
čini drugačijom od životinja,
20:53
it's our senseosjećaj of explorationistraživanje
and senseosjećaj of wondermentčuđenje
437
1241437
2477
taj naš osjećaj
za istraživanje i začuđenost
20:55
and learningučenje something newnovi.
438
1243938
1377
te učenje nečeg novog.
20:57
And then I alsotakođer have to say,
439
1245339
2515
Moram još reći
20:59
this is the first stepkorak
in us movingkreće to other solarsolarni systemssustavi
440
1247878
3841
i da je ovo naš prvi korak
prema drugim Sunčevim sustavima,
21:03
and potentiallypotencijalno other galaxiesgalaksije,
441
1251743
1584
a možda i novim galaksijama
21:05
and I think this is the only time
I ever out-visionout-vizija ElonElon,
442
1253351
3145
i mislim da je ovo jedino
gdje gledam dalje od Elona,
21:08
because I want to meetsastati other people
in other solarsolarni systemssustavi.
443
1256520
2849
jer želim upoznati ljude
u drugim Sunčevim sustavima.
21:11
MarsMars is fine, but it is
a fixer-upperposrednik planetplaneta.
444
1259393
2269
Mars je u redu,
ali ima dosta posla oko njega.
21:13
There's work to do there
to make it habitableuseljiva.
445
1261686
2184
Treba dosta napraviti
da bi se osposobio za život.
21:15
(LaughterSmijeh)
446
1263894
1001
(Smijeh)
21:16
I want to find people,
or whateveršto god they call themselvesse,
447
1264919
2987
Želim pronaći ljude,
ili kako god se zvali,
21:19
in anotherjoš solarsolarni systemsistem.
448
1267930
1619
u drugim Sunčevim sustavima.
21:21
CACA: That is a bigvelika visionvizija.
449
1269573
2228
CA: To je snažna vizija.
21:23
GwynneTko ShotwellShotwella, thank you.
450
1271825
1770
Gwynne Shotwell, hvala ti.
21:25
You have one of the mostnajviše
amazingnevjerojatan jobsposlovi on the planetplaneta.
451
1273619
2430
Imaš jedan od najnevjerojatnijih
poslova na planetu.
21:28
GSGS: Thank you very much. ThanksHvala, ChrisChris.
452
1276073
2334
GS: Puno vam hvala. Hvala, Chris.
Translated by Sanda Liker
Reviewed by Ivan Stamenkovic

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ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Gwynne Shotwell - Space leader
As president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations.

Why you should listen

Gwynne Shotwell joined SpaceX in 2002 as vice president of business development and built the Falcon vehicle family manifest to more than 70 launches, representing more than $10 billion in business. Shotwell is a member of the SpaceX Board of Directors.
 
Prior to joining SpaceX, Shotwell spent more than 10 years at the Aerospace Corporation, holding positions in space systems engineering and technology and project management. Shotwell was subsequently recruited to be director of Microcosm's space systems division, managing space system technologies, serving on the executive committee and directing corporate business development.
 
In 2014, Shotwell was appointed to the United States Export Import Bank's Advisory Committee and the Federal Aviation Administration’s Management Advisory Council. She has been awarded the World Technology Award for Individual Achievement in Space, has been inducted into the Women In Technology International Hall of Fame and was elected to the honorable grade of Fellow with the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
 
SpaceX supports science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) programs locally as well as national engineering programs and competitions. Shotwell has helped raise over $1.4 million for STEM education programs reaching thousands of students nationwide.
Shotwell received, with honors, her bachelor’s and master’s degrees from Northwestern University in mechanical engineering and applied mathematics, and she serves as both a University Trustee and a member of the Advisory Council for Northwestern’s McCormick School of Engineering. She has authored dozens of papers on a variety of space-related subjects.

More profile about the speaker
Gwynne Shotwell | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com

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