Gwynne Shotwell: SpaceX's plan to fly you across the globe in 30 minutes
グウィン・ショットウェル: 30分で地球を半周するSpaceXの旅行プラン
As president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations. Full bioChris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
すごいことがありましたが
something crazy happened.
みんな関心を持っているので
this caught so many people's attention?
for the beginning,
three, two, one.
行け ファルコン・ヘビー
an important moment for SpaceX.
本当に重要な瞬間でした
and now the Falcon Heavy,
今度はファルコン・ヘビーによって
どんな貨物も
been conceived or is conceived right now.
ようになりました
打ち上げが2回あるので
of Falcon Heavy later this year,
必要がありました
初の打ち上げで
着陸場面です
お礼をしています
a thousand people
さらいはしませんでした
why not put a Tesla into space?
宇宙にテスラでも持って行こうと
and President of SpaceX?
そして社長になったんですか?
だったんですか?
ありませんが
that the girls weren't doing.
していましたね
when I was in third grade,
自動車の仕組みを尋ねて
a book, and I read it,
本を買ってくれました
やがて機械工学で学位を取り
out of my mechanical engineering degree
就職しました
in the automotive industry.
その本のためではなくて
not because of that book
to a Society of Women Engineers event,
女性技術者協会のイベントで
the mechanical engineer that spoke.
憧れたからでした
重要な仕事をしていて
格好良かったんです
girl connects with.
そういうところです
気恥ずかしかったんですけど
from telling that story,
to be an engineer --
なった理由なら
思ったんです
employee number seven at SpaceX,
SpaceXの7番目の社員となり
契約関係を結びました
relationship with NASA,
失敗していたにもかかわらずです
first three launches blew up.
is all about relationships
重要なのは 人間関係—
築くことなんです
with these customers.
ないわけですから
is selling your team,
売り込むんです
to sell these days --
難しいことではありません
that any technical issue that they have
技術的問題や懸念に対して
you can address right away.
役に立っていると思います
for me to be an engineer.
of running sales for Elon.
私の役割に 役立っています
a big focus of the company
重点を置いているのは
というサービスを
the service to NASA
提供することでしょう
come to the fore, here.
重要になります
I'm a good sleeper, that's my best thing.
寝付きがいいのは私の一番の長所です
to our flying crew
なるでしょうね
safety comes in the design
設計において
to fly people on,
取り組んで来ましたし
on this technology.
ほぼ十年やっています
to be able to carry crew.
作り替えています
engineering in these safety systems
取り組んできたんです
that actually allows instant escape
というのがありますよね
と呼ばれるものです
the launch escape system.
それを見ましょうか
テストの映像です
of a test that we ran in 2015.
a really bad day on the pad.
起きた状況を想定しています
to get out of Dodge.
逃がすということで
なっているロケットから
問題が起きた場合ですが
another demonstration later this year
生じた場合のテストも
with the rocket during flight.
potential function as well, eventually.
他の機能も持つようになったのだとか
for Dragon is pretty unique.
打ち上げ脱出システムは独特で
are integrated into the capsule,
スラスターが一体化されています
it pushes the capsule away.
カプセルを押し出すんです
have been like tractor pullers,
トラクターの牽引車みたいでしたが
選ばなかったのは
you can safely reenter that capsule,
牽引する物がはずれなきゃいけないためで
that possibility of failure.
取り除きたかったんです
the regular reusability of rockets
再利用可能にするというのを
やっていますが
space program, for example,
乗っているということです
on the shoulders of giants. Right?
and the developments to date,
今日までの開発を見て
that we had to include
というのがありませんでした
設計をする必要がないし
around legacy components
or were particularly expensive,
高価だったりするかもしれません
drive the design of these systems.
システムを設計できました
started from scratch.
他にもありますよね
you let physics drive the design,
言われましたが
いただけますか?
actually, of that,
実際何百とありますが
the vehicle design
that we wanted to make.
決断できました
it's a common dome design.
一般的なドーム型です
積み重ねたような形で
stacked together,
減らすことができ
more payload for the same design.
載せられました
もう1つ特徴的なのは
that we're flying right now
liquid oxygen and densified RP,
使っていることです
more propellent into the vehicle.
詰め込めるようにしています
ないでしょう
of margin to the vehicle,
余裕ができ
10年前だったと思いますが
of SpaceX 10 years ago, I think.
so closely with Elon Musk?
どんなものなのでしょう?
仕事するのは好きです
this year, actually.
to do something for 16 years
him saying anything
最高の仕事をしようと思うんです
言う必要がありません
したいと思うんです
ある問題に答えるのに
best placed to answer this question,
思いますが
on this strange unit of time
I asked Elon, you know,
横断するのはいつになるか聞いたら
auto-drive across America,
彼の答えで
if you take Elon time into account.
まったく正しいんでしょうが
between Elon time and real time?
変換比率は どれくらいなんでしょう?
in a unique position, Chris.
立たせてくれて
すごく強気なのは確かですが
is very aggressive on his timelines,
to do things better and faster.
駆り立ててもいるんです
and all the money in the world
お金をかけても
得られるわけではないので
to move quickly is really important.
かけるのは重要なことなんです
果たしているように思えます
kind of a key intermediary role here.
that have their impact,
とんでもない目標を設定し
チームを潰したり
might blow up a team
なりかねませんが
of saying, "Yes, Elon,"
「分かりました イーロン」と言って
受け入れられる形で
in a way that is acceptable
to your employees.
ように見えます
realizations for that.
重要な気付きが2つあります
you have to pause
一旦間を置いて
"Well, that's impossible,"
「どうやればいいのか見当も付きません」などと
to do that. I don't know how."
しないことです
すごく難しくしているんですが
substantially harder.
was to take these ideas
実現可能なものにすることだと
make them achievable,
落ち着けるようにすることだと思っていますが
from this steep slope, get it comfortable.
I felt like we were there,
people were getting comfortable,
何か放り込んできて
登り始めることになるんです
that that's his job,
気付きました
close to comfortable
自分の仕事なんだと
and put us back on that slope,
坂道に押し出すわけですが
楽しむようになったんです
that the conversation ratio
あなたの時間の変換比率は
2倍というところですが
言ったのは私じゃなくて あなたですからね
and you said it, I didn't.
噂される
rumored to be working on,
ネットワークによって
thousands of low earth orbit satellites
インターネット接続を
low-cost internet connection
利用可能にするということです
お話しいただけますか?
you can tell us about this?
about this particular project,
あまり話していないのですが
ということではなく
one of the most challenging
一番とは言わないまでも
project we've undertaken.
プロジェクトの1つだからです
for internet broadband,
実現というは
物理的なことではなく
is the difficulty here.
考え出せると思います
with the right technology solution,
する必要があり
about 10 billion dollars or more
コストがかかります
至っていません
not claiming victory yet.
obviously, if that happened to the world,
繋がるようになれば
would be pretty radical,
とても大きいでしょう
いろいろ変わるはずです
if suddenly everyone can connect cheaply.
it'll change the world.
世界を変えることになるでしょう
on the planning is it,
どれくらい懸念され
いるのでしょう?
懸念していますが
number of satellites in orbit.
大幅に増やすことになります
there's no question --
問題なのは確かです
are pretty devastating.
甚大だからです
軌道にまき散らしたら
a bunch of particles in orbit
from being useful for decades or longer.
使えなくなります
地上に落とす必要がありますが
our second stage after every mission
a rocket carcass orbiting earth.
軌道に残らないようにするためです
a good steward of that.
必要があります
the remarkable success there
そこに集中してはいませんね
as your future development plan.
to a much bigger rocket
作ろうとしている
(クリス)そうそう
CA: The Big Falcon Rocket, that's right.
投資しておきながら
in that incredible technology,
作ろうというのは
to something much bigger. Why?
打ち上げシステムを開発してきて
been developing these launch systems.
製品だと納得させられる前に
a new product before we've been able
is the product that they should move to,
思っていません
取り組んでいますが
the Big Falcon Rocket now,
flying Falcon 9s and Falcon Heavies
普及するまでは
飛ばし続けます
widespread acceptance of BFR.
取り組んでいるからといって
Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy
やめるわけではなく
必要なものだということでしょうか?
to take humanity to Mars?
other business ideas for this.
別のビジネスのアイデアも持っていると
that we're currently taking to orbit
様々な軌道に載せている
of satellites to be delivered to orbit.
打ち上げることができます
直径 8mあり
of the fairing is eight meters,
what giant telescopes
望遠鏡を積んで
in that cargo bay,
発見をすることだって
residual capabilities
GS: It's a residual capability.
(グウィン)余剰能力です
言っているんですか?
Talk about what the heck this is.
お聞きしましょう
the Statue of Liberty in it,
自由の女神がすっぽり収まります
イメージできるかと思います
of that Falcon Heavy Rocket.
エンジンがあるということも
there are 27 engines there.
inventing ever bigger rockets,
新たに作るというのでなく
余剰能力の例ですね
for the Falcon 1 launch vehicle.
ファルコン1のために開発しました
for the Falcon 9.
新たに開発することもできました
something different,
違ったでしょうが—
ファルコン9なので
on a brand new engine,
何十億ドルもかけて開発する代わりに
on the back end of Falcon 9.
9つ使うことにしたんです
glue three Falcon 9s together
現役最大のロケットを作り出しました
operational rocket flying.
ずっと早くできました
than starting from scratch.
of how much bigger than that,
two and half times the size of this.
たしかこれの2.5倍です
これが可能になると—
this video that we're about to play here.
まだ信じられないんですが
宇宙旅行です
space travel for earthlings.
待ち遠しいですが
is we're going to fly BFR like an aircraft
BFRを飛行機のように
飛ばそうということです
バンクーバーから飛び立って
from New York City or Vancouver
half an hour or 40 minutes,
30分とか40分とかでしょう
ええ いかしてるでしょう
yeah, it's so awesome.
is actually the boat out and back.
船で行き来する部分です
クレージーですねよ?
this is awesome, but it's crazy, right?
起こりっこない
going to happen.
受け入れなきゃいけないですよね
to accept this incoming missile --
us trying to convince a federal range,
飛んでくるものを受け入れるよう
regularly, right?
いつもやっているんです
第1段を呼び戻して
on federal property on an Air Force base.
着地させています
10キロしか離れていないところに
it's only five kilometers out from a city.
なるでしょう
贅沢のできる乗客は
can possibly afford the fortune
いると思いますか?
roughly a hundred passengers.
100名ほどです
about the business.
are really expensive,
高いと思っていて
航空券と張り合えるのか?
with airline tickets here?
if I can do this trip
can only make one of those flights a day.
1日に1回しか飛べません
was slightly more expensive
若干高く
a little bit more expensive,
若干高かったとしても
what they're running in a day,
10倍とか飛ばすことができ
that I need to out of that system.
上げることができます
to be deployed at some point
本当に実現すると思っているんですね?
イーロン時間でですか?
I'm sure Elon will want us to go faster.
イーロンはもっと早くしろと言うでしょう
because I travel a lot
これには期待しています
移動するのは好きじゃないので
my customers in Riyadh,
朝に出発して
帰れたら素敵です
and be back in time to make dinner.
ニューヨークから上海までのフライトが
an economy price ticket,
per person to fly New York to Shanghai.
2、3千ドルとかになるんでしょうか
間くらいの値段になるでしょうけど
economy and business,
ちょっとしたことではありますね
that is definitely something.
他の用途として
of BFR is being developed
行くというのがあります
quite a detailed, sort of, picture
詳細に描いた
this is a cropped video
他所で見せたものの短縮版ですが
there's a couple of new bits to it.
部分もあります
to lift off from a pad,
ことになります
the Big Falcon Spaceship.
ビッグ・ファルコン・スペースシップがあります
the spaceship off in orbit,
we're returning boosters right now.
地上に戻ってきます
but we're working on the pieces,
1つずつ実現しています
on the pad that we launched from.
戻ってくるということです
はしけに着陸しています
or we land out on a boat.
軌道に打ち上げます
refuel the spaceship,
宇宙船に給油したあと
go to Mars at one time,
火星に運ぶんですね
それとも2ヶ月?
on how big the rocket is.
大きさによります
and we'll continue to make
3ヶ月というところです
6〜8ヶ月ですが
思っています
will land the first human on Mars?
いつ頃になると思いますか?
from the point-to-point.
地上便と同じくらいでしょう
not this decade.
2010年代ではないですよ
10年以内だと
なぜなんですか?
where this is the official stated mission.
ミッションステートメントになっていて
bought into that mission,
かけています
there's a lot of people around
思っているでしょう
you've got so much talent,
どうするんだ
that need urgent attention.
沢山あるというのに
off to another planet?
行こうとするのかと
良かったと思いますが
to expand our minds a little bit.
視野を広げる必要があります
山ほどありますが
working on that.
企業が沢山あります
the most important things we possibly can,
最も重要な仕事をしていると思っています
for humans to live and survive and thrive.
見付けるということです
暮らす必要があります
削減なんです
for the human species.
より良い場所にすることを
and doing a better job taking care of it,
話ではありません
複数必要で
multiple paths to survival,
火星に行くという
all earthlings don't die.
酷いものです
that's a terrible reason to go do it.
新たに探索すべき場所なのであり
it's another place to explore,
different from animals,
違うものにしています
and sense of wonderment
好奇心であり
学ぶということです
私たちが他の恒星系へ
in us moving to other solar systems
言いたいです
I ever out-vision Elon,
考え方をしている唯一のことですが
in other solar systems.
会いたいんです
a fixer-upper planet.
ぼろっちい惑星です
to make it habitable.
いろいろやらなければなりません
or whatever they call themselves,
見付けたいんです
しれませんが
amazing jobs on the planet.
いかしていると思います
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Gwynne Shotwell - Space leaderAs president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations.
Why you should listen
Gwynne Shotwell joined SpaceX in 2002 as vice president of business development and built the Falcon vehicle family manifest to more than 70 launches, representing more than $10 billion in business. Shotwell is a member of the SpaceX Board of Directors.
Prior to joining SpaceX, Shotwell spent more than 10 years at the Aerospace Corporation, holding positions in space systems engineering and technology and project management. Shotwell was subsequently recruited to be director of Microcosm's space systems division, managing space system technologies, serving on the executive committee and directing corporate business development.
In 2014, Shotwell was appointed to the United States Export Import Bank's Advisory Committee and the Federal Aviation Administration’s Management Advisory Council. She has been awarded the World Technology Award for Individual Achievement in Space, has been inducted into the Women In Technology International Hall of Fame and was elected to the honorable grade of Fellow with the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
SpaceX supports science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) programs locally as well as national engineering programs and competitions. Shotwell has helped raise over $1.4 million for STEM education programs reaching thousands of students nationwide.
Shotwell received, with honors, her bachelor’s and master’s degrees from Northwestern University in mechanical engineering and applied mathematics, and she serves as both a University Trustee and a member of the Advisory Council for Northwestern’s McCormick School of Engineering. She has authored dozens of papers on a variety of space-related subjects.
Gwynne Shotwell | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com