Gwynne Shotwell: SpaceX's plan to fly you across the globe in 30 minutes
Gwynne Shotwell: Le projet de SpaceX de vous faire voler jusqu'à l'autre bout du globe en 30 minutes
As president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations. Full bioChris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
something crazy happened.
une chose folle est arrivée.
this caught so many people's attention?
Elle a attiré l’attention de beaucoup.
for the beginning,
Je vais me taire au début,
three, two, one.
trois, deux, un.
an important moment for SpaceX.
si important pour SpaceX.
and now the Falcon Heavy,
et maintenant le Falcon Heavy,
been conceived or is conceived right now.
ou étant en cours de conception.
of Falcon Heavy later this year,
avec le Falcon Heavy cette année,
a thousand people
why not put a Tesla into space?
pourquoi ne pas envoyer une Tesla ?
and President of SpaceX?
et présidente de SpaceX ?
that the girls weren't doing.
que les filles ne faisaient pas.
when I was in third grade,
quand j’étais en CE2,
a book, and I read it,
elle m’a donné un livre, que j’ai lu,
out of my mechanical engineering degree
après mon diplôme d’ingénierie mécanique
in the automotive industry.
dans l’industrie automobile.
not because of that book
non pas en raison de ce livre,
to a Society of Women Engineers event,
de la Société des femmes ingénieures
de l’ingénieure mécanique intervenant.
the mechanical engineer that spoke.
girl connects with.
from telling that story,
to be an engineer --
fait de moi une ingénieure,
employee number seven at SpaceX,
la 7ème employée de SpaceX
relationship with NASA,
des milliards de dollars avec la NASA,
first three launches blew up.
lancements de SpaceX aient explosé.
is all about relationships
tout est question de relations
with these customers.
is selling your team,
de vendre votre équipe,
to sell these days --
ces jours-ci —
that any technical issue that they have
résoudre immédiatement
you can address right away.
ou inquiétude qu’ils ont.
for me to be an engineer.
of running sales for Elon.
de directrice des ventes pour Elon.
a big focus of the company
l’objectif principal de l’entreprise
the service to NASA
à la NASA le service
come to the fore, here.
sont primordiales.
I'm a good sleeper, that's my best thing.
c’est mon truc.
to our flying crew
un lancement avec équipage
safety comes in the design
est dans la conception
to fly people on,
on this technology.
sur cette technologie.
cargo spatial Dragon
to be able to carry crew.
pour qu’il accueille un équipage.
engineering in these safety systems
et intégrons ces systèmes de sécurité
that actually allows instant escape
d’être éjecté instantanément
the launch escape system.
de la zone de lancement.
of a test that we ran in 2015.
d’un test réalisé en 2015.
a really bad day on the pad.
sur la plateforme de lancement.
to get out of Dodge.
soit rapidement expulsée.
un problème au lancement.
another demonstration later this year
plus tard cette année
with the rocket during flight.
avec la fusée en vol.
potential function as well, eventually.
une autre fonction potentielle.
for Dragon is pretty unique.
are integrated into the capsule,
et les propulseurs
it pushes the capsule away.
avec la fusée, la capsule est écartée.
have been like tractor pullers,
tirant des poids
you can safely reenter that capsule,
la trajectoire sécuritaire de la capsule,
that possibility of failure.
de défaillance durant la conception.
the regular reusability of rockets
la réutilisation régulière de fusée
space program, for example,
national, par exemple,
on the shoulders of giants. Right?
sur les épaules de géants.
and the developments to date,
des fusées et les développements,
that we had to include
de technologie à inclure
around legacy components
autour d'anciens composants
or were particularly expensive,
ou étaient très chers.
drive the design of these systems.
diriger la conception de ces systèmes.
started from scratch.
ont démarré de rien.
you let physics drive the design,
laisser la physique diriger la conception,
actually, of that,
the vehicle design
concevoir le véhicule
that we wanted to make.
que nous voulions prendre.
it's a common dome design.
c'est un dôme ordinaire.
stacked together,
de bière empilées,
more payload for the same design.
de charge utile pour la même conception.
that we're flying right now
avec lequel nous volons actuellement
liquid oxygen and densified RP,
de l’oxygène liquide et du RP densifiés,
more propellent into the vehicle.
plus de carburant dans le véhicule.
of margin to the vehicle,
of SpaceX 10 years ago, I think.
de SpaceX il y a 10 ans, je crois.
so closely with Elon Musk?
si étroitement avec Elon Musk ?
this year, actually.
to do something for 16 years
pour faire quelque chose pendant 16 ans
him saying anything
le meilleur travail possible.
best placed to answer this question,
pour répondre à cette question
on this strange unit of time
sur cette étrange unité de temps
I asked Elon, you know,
j’ai demandé à Elon
auto-drive across America,
sans avoir de conducteur
if you take Elon time into account.
le temps d'Elon en compte.
between Elon time and real time?
entre le temps d'Elon et le temps réel ?
in a unique position, Chris.
dans une position difficile.
is very aggressive on his timelines,
est très agressif dans ses délais
to do things better and faster.
à faire les choses mieux et plus vite.
et tout l’argent du monde
and all the money in the world
to move quickly is really important.
pour avancer vite est très important.
kind of a key intermediary role here.
un rôle intermédiaire clé.
that have their impact,
qui font leur effet,
might blow up a team
pourraient faire exploser une équipe
of saying, "Yes, Elon,"
un moyen de dire « Oui, Elon »
in a way that is acceptable
to your employees.
pour vos employés.
realizations for that.
importantes pour cela.
you have to pause
vous devez marquer une pause
"Well, that's impossible,"
« C’est impossible »
to do that. I don't know how."
Je ne sais pas comment. »
je me suis rendu compte,
substantially harder.
ma satisfaction professionnelle.
was to take these ideas
que mon boulot était de prendre ces idées,
en objectifs pour l'entreprise,
make them achievable,
from this steep slope, get it comfortable.
de cette pente raide, confortablement.
I felt like we were there,
que nous y arrivions,
people were getting comfortable,
que les gens étaient à l'aise,
nous n’étions plus à l’aise,
cette pente raide.
that that's his job,
que c’était son travail
close to comfortable
que l’entreprise soit presque à l’aise
and put us back on that slope,
nous remettre sur la pente,
that the conversation ratio
que le ratio de conversion
est un facteur deux,
and you said it, I didn't.
mais c’est vous qui l'avez dit, pas moi.
rumored to be working on,
disent que SpaceX travaille
thousands of low earth orbit satellites
de satellites en orbite terrestre basse
low-cost internet connection
haut-débit et bas coût
you can tell us about this?
quelque chose à ce sujet ?
about this particular project,
de ce projet en particulier,
one of the most challenging
les plus ambitieux,
project we've undertaken.
for internet broadband,
pour de l’internet haut-débit
is the difficulty here.
que la physique soit la difficulté.
with the right technology solution,
la bonne solution technologique
about 10 billion dollars or more
ou plus à l'entreprise
not claiming victory yet.
obviously, if that happened to the world,
si le monde connaissait cela,
would be pretty radical,
serait assez radical
if suddenly everyone can connect cheaply.
peut se connecter à bas prix.
it'll change the world.
que cela changera le monde.
avez-vous des inquiétudes
on the planning is it,
number of satellites in orbit.
du nombre de satellites en orbite.
there's no question --
— il n’y a aucun doute —
are pretty devastating.
sont assez désastreuses.
a bunch of particles in orbit
des particules en orbite
from being useful for decades or longer.
durant des décennies ou plus.
our second stage after every mission
notre deuxième étage après chaque mission
a rocket carcass orbiting earth.
en orbite autour de la Terre.
a good steward of that.
the remarkable success there
as your future development plan.
pour votre plan de croissance.
to a much bigger rocket
avec une fusée bien plus grande
CA: The Big Falcon Rocket, that's right.
CA : Le Big Flacon Rocket, c'est ça.
in that incredible technology,
toute cette technologie incroyable
to something much bigger. Why?
de bien plus grand. Pourquoi ?
been developing these launch systems.
de ces systèmes de lancement.
a new product before we've been able
un nouveau produit avant d'avoir pu
is the product that they should move to,
qu'ils devraient passer à ce produit.
the Big Falcon Rocket now,
sur le Big Falcon Rocket,
flying Falcon 9s and Falcon Heavies
des Falcon 9 et Falcon Heavy
widespread acceptance of BFR.
généralisée du BFR.
Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy
le Falcon 9 et le Falcon Heavy
est ce dont vous avez besoin
to take humanity to Mars?
other business ideas for this.
d’autres idées d'activité commerciale.
that we're currently taking to orbit
que nous mettons en orbite
of satellites to be delivered to orbit.
d'une nouvelle classe de satellites.
of the fairing is eight meters,
du carénage est de huit mètres,
what giant telescopes
in that cargo bay,
dans la baie de chargement,
incroyables dans l'espace.
residual capabilities
des capacités résiduelles.
GS: It's a residual capability.
GS : Une capacité résiduelle.
Talk about what the heck this is.
Dites-nous ce que c'est.
the Statue of Liberty in it,
rentrerait dans ce hangar,
of that Falcon Heavy Rocket.
de la taille de la fusée Falcon Heavy.
there are 27 engines there.
inventing ever bigger rockets,
de plus grosses fusées,
for the Falcon 1 launch vehicle.
pour le lanceur de Falcon 1.
for the Falcon 9.
pour le Falcon 9.
something different,
on a brand new engine,
sur un nouveau moteur,
on the back end of Falcon 9.
à l'arrière du Falcon 9.
glue three Falcon 9s together
coller trois Falcon 9 ensemble
operational rocket flying.
fusée opérationnelle volante.
than starting from scratch.
que de repartir de zéro.
of how much bigger than that,
de combien de fois cela
two and half times the size of this.
deux fois et demi cette taille.
this video that we're about to play here.
cette vidéo que nous allons passer.
space travel for earthlings.
pour les terriens.
cette capacité résiduelle.
is we're going to fly BFR like an aircraft
comme un avion
à un autre sur Terre.
from New York City or Vancouver
de New York ou de Vancouver
half an hour or 40 minutes,
une demi-heure ou 40 minutes
yeah, it's so awesome.
is actually the boat out and back.
pour y aller et en revenir.
this is awesome, but it's crazy, right?
mais c'est fou, non ?
going to happen.
to accept this incoming missile --
ce missile en approche…
us trying to convince a federal range,
convaincant le gouvernement fédéral,
d'accueillir les arrivants ?
regularly, right?
on federal property on an Air Force base.
sur une base aérienne fédérale.
it's only five kilometers out from a city.
peut-être cinq kilomètres d'une ville.
can possibly afford the fortune
peuvent se payer le luxe
roughly a hundred passengers.
une centaine de passagers.
about the business.
are really expensive,
que les fusées sont chères
with airline tickets here?
des compagnies aériennes ?
if I can do this trip
si je peux faire le voyage
can only make one of those flights a day.
réaliser qu'un de ces vols par jour.
was slightly more expensive
a little bit more expensive,
what they're running in a day,
10 fois plus qu'eux par jour
that I need to out of that system.
de ce système.
to be deployed at some point
que cela sera mis en œuvre
ou en temps d'Elon ?
I'm sure Elon will want us to go faster.
Elon veut que nous allions plus vite.
because I travel a lot
car je voyage beaucoup
my customers in Riyadh,
mes clients à Riyad,
and be back in time to make dinner.
à temps pour le dîner.
an economy price ticket,
un billet au prix de la classe économique
per person to fly New York to Shanghai.
pour voler de New York à Shanghai.
economy and business,
économique et affaires,
that is definitely something.
of BFR is being developed
du BFR est en développement
quite a detailed, sort of, picture
pourraient voler jusqu'à Mars
this is a cropped video
une vidéo recadrée
there's a couple of new bits to it.
et quelques nouveaux bouts.
to lift off from a pad,
the Big Falcon Spaceship.
le Big Falcon Spaceship.
the spaceship off in orbit,
le vaisseau en orbite,
we're returning boosters right now.
avec les propulseurs.
but we're working on the pieces,
mais nous travaillons sur les pièces
on the pad that we launched from.
sur la plateforme de lancement.
or we land out on a boat.
sur une plateforme séparée ou un bateau.
l’envoyez en orbite,
refuel the spaceship,
réapprovisionnez le vaisseau
go to Mars at one time,
vont sur Mars à chaque voyage
on how big the rocket is.
and we'll continue to make
et nous continuerons à créer
will land the first human on Mars?
fera atterrir son premier homme sur Mars ?
from the point-to-point.
au voyage de point à point.
not this decade.
pas cette décennie.
à nouveau, d'ici 10 ans.
where this is the official stated mission.
dont c’est la mission officielle.
bought into that mission,
adhéré à cette mission,
there's a lot of people around
you've got so much talent,
that need urgent attention.
avec un besoin urgent d'attention.
off to another planet?
vers une autre planète ?
to expand our minds a little bit.
ouvrir notre esprit.
working on that.
the most important things we possibly can,
les plus importantes possibles :
for humans to live and survive and thrive.
survivent et s'épanouissent.
d'humains vivant ailleurs.
for the human species.
pour l’espèce humaine.
and doing a better job taking care of it,
l’état de notre planète
multiple paths to survival,
plusieurs chances de survie,
all earthlings don't die.
que les terriens ne meurent pas.
that's a terrible reason to go do it.
très mauvaise raison de le faire.
it's another place to explore,
c'est un autre endroit à explorer
different from animals,
les humains des animaux,
and sense of wonderment
et de l’émerveillement,
in us moving to other solar systems
vers d’autres systèmes solaires
I ever out-vision Elon,
dépasse celle d'Elon.
in other solar systems.
dans d'autres systèmes solaires.
a fixer-upper planet.
des rénovations.
to make it habitable.
pour la rendre habitable.
or whatever they call themselves,
quel que soit le nom qu’ils se donnent,
amazing jobs on the planet.
les plus géniaux sur Terre.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Gwynne Shotwell - Space leaderAs president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations.
Why you should listen
Gwynne Shotwell joined SpaceX in 2002 as vice president of business development and built the Falcon vehicle family manifest to more than 70 launches, representing more than $10 billion in business. Shotwell is a member of the SpaceX Board of Directors.
Prior to joining SpaceX, Shotwell spent more than 10 years at the Aerospace Corporation, holding positions in space systems engineering and technology and project management. Shotwell was subsequently recruited to be director of Microcosm's space systems division, managing space system technologies, serving on the executive committee and directing corporate business development.
In 2014, Shotwell was appointed to the United States Export Import Bank's Advisory Committee and the Federal Aviation Administration’s Management Advisory Council. She has been awarded the World Technology Award for Individual Achievement in Space, has been inducted into the Women In Technology International Hall of Fame and was elected to the honorable grade of Fellow with the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
SpaceX supports science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) programs locally as well as national engineering programs and competitions. Shotwell has helped raise over $1.4 million for STEM education programs reaching thousands of students nationwide.
Shotwell received, with honors, her bachelor’s and master’s degrees from Northwestern University in mechanical engineering and applied mathematics, and she serves as both a University Trustee and a member of the Advisory Council for Northwestern’s McCormick School of Engineering. She has authored dozens of papers on a variety of space-related subjects.
Gwynne Shotwell | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com