ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Gwynne Shotwell - Space leader
As president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations.

Why you should listen

Gwynne Shotwell joined SpaceX in 2002 as vice president of business development and built the Falcon vehicle family manifest to more than 70 launches, representing more than $10 billion in business. Shotwell is a member of the SpaceX Board of Directors.
 
Prior to joining SpaceX, Shotwell spent more than 10 years at the Aerospace Corporation, holding positions in space systems engineering and technology and project management. Shotwell was subsequently recruited to be director of Microcosm's space systems division, managing space system technologies, serving on the executive committee and directing corporate business development.
 
In 2014, Shotwell was appointed to the United States Export Import Bank's Advisory Committee and the Federal Aviation Administration’s Management Advisory Council. She has been awarded the World Technology Award for Individual Achievement in Space, has been inducted into the Women In Technology International Hall of Fame and was elected to the honorable grade of Fellow with the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
 
SpaceX supports science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) programs locally as well as national engineering programs and competitions. Shotwell has helped raise over $1.4 million for STEM education programs reaching thousands of students nationwide.
Shotwell received, with honors, her bachelor’s and master’s degrees from Northwestern University in mechanical engineering and applied mathematics, and she serves as both a University Trustee and a member of the Advisory Council for Northwestern’s McCormick School of Engineering. She has authored dozens of papers on a variety of space-related subjects.

More profile about the speaker
Gwynne Shotwell | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com
TED2018

Gwynne Shotwell: SpaceX's plan to fly you across the globe in 30 minutes

Gwynne Shotwell: O plano da SpaceX de dar a volta ao mundo em 30 minutos

Filmed:
2,933,173 views

O que está acontecendo na SpaceX? A engenheira Gwynne Shotwell era a funcionária número sete da empresa aeroespacial pioneira de Elon Musk e agora é a presidente. Em conversa com o curador do TED, Chris Anderson, ela discute a corrida da SpaceX para colocar as pessoas em órbita e o próximo grande projeto da empresa: o BFR (pergunte a ela o que isso significa). O novo foguete gigante é projetado para levar a humanidade a Marte, mas tem outro uso potencial: viagens espaciais para os habitantes deste planeta.
- Space leader
As president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations. Full bio - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio

Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.

Chris Anderson: Há dois meses,
aconteceu algo louco.
00:14
Chris Anderson: So two months ago,
something crazy happened.
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Pode nos explicar? Foi algo
que chamou a atenção de muitas pessoas.
00:17
Can you talk us through this, because
this caught so many people's attention?
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Gwynne Shotwell: Vou começar
ficando calada e falarei em seguida.
00:21
Gwynne Shotwell: I'll stay quiet
for the beginning,
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00:23
and then I'll start talking.
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(Vídeo) Vozes: Cinco,
quatro, três, dois, um.
00:25
(Video) Voices: Five, four,
three, two, one.
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00:29
(Cheering)
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(Vivas)
00:31
Woman: Liftoff. Go Falcon Heavy.
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Mulher: Lançamento do Falcon Heavy.
00:34
GS: So this was such
an important moment for SpaceX.
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GS: Foi um momento
muito importante para a SpaceX.
00:38
With the Falcon 9
and now the Falcon Heavy,
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Com o Falcon 9 e agora o Falcon Heavy,
00:40
we can launch into orbit
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podemos lançar em órbita
00:43
any payload that has previously
been conceived or is conceived right now.
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qualquer carga que já foi
ou está sendo concebida agora.
00:48
We've got a couple of launches
of Falcon Heavy later this year,
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Teremos mais lançamentos
do Falcon Heavy neste ano.
Então, tinha que dar certo.
00:51
so this had to go right.
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Foi a primeira vez que ele voou,
00:53
It was the first time we flew it,
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00:55
and the star of the show, of course,
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e a estrela do show, claro,
00:57
brother and sister side boosters landing.
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os foguetes auxiliares laterais pousando.
01:00
I was excited.
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Eu estava entusiasmada.
01:01
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
01:02
Thanking my team.
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Agradecendo minha equipe.
01:04
By the way, there's maybe
a thousand people
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Havia, talvez, mil pessoas
ao meu redor ali.
01:06
standing around me right there.
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E Starman.
01:08
And Starman.
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01:10
Starman did not steal the show, though --
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Mas o Starman não roubou a cena,
foram os foguetes auxiliares.
01:12
the boosters did.
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CA: (Risos)
01:13
CA: (Laughter)
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01:14
CA: There had to be some payload --
why not put a Tesla into space?
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CA: Devia ser uma carga e tanto.
Por que não levar um Tesla ao espaço?
01:17
GS: Exactly. It was perfect.
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GS: Exatamente. Perfeito.
CA: Gwynne, vamos voltar no tempo.
01:19
CA: Gwynne, let's wind the clock back.
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01:22
I mean, how did you end up an engineer
and President of SpaceX?
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Como você se tornou engenheira
e presidente da SpaceX?
01:26
Were you supernerdy as a girl?
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Você era uma menina "nerd"?
01:29
GS: I don't think I was nerdy,
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GS: Acho que eu não era nerd,
mas, com certeza, eu fazia coisas
que as meninas não faziam.
01:30
but I was definitely doing the things
that the girls weren't doing.
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No terceiro ano escolar, perguntei
à minha mãe, que era artista,
01:33
I asked my mom, who was an artist,
when I was in third grade,
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como funcionava um carro.
01:37
how a car worked,
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01:38
so she had no idea so she gave me
a book, and I read it,
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Como não fazia ideia,
ela me deu um livro, e eu o li.
01:41
and sure enough, my first job
out of my mechanical engineering degree
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Conforme esperado, meu primeiro emprego
depois da faculdade de engenharia mecânica
foi na Chrysler Motors,
na indústria automotiva.
01:46
was with Chrysler Motors
in the automotive industry.
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01:49
But I actually got into engineering
not because of that book
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Na verdade, não entrei na engenharia
por causa daquele livro,
mas porque minha mãe me levou a um evento
da Society of Women Engineers,
01:52
but because my mom took me
to a Society of Women Engineers event,
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01:55
and I fell in love with
the mechanical engineer that spoke.
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e fiquei fascinada pela engenheira
que deu a palestra.
01:58
She was doing really critical work,
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Ela fazia um trabalho muito crítico,
02:00
and I loved her suit.
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e adorei a roupa dela.
02:02
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
02:03
And that's what a 15-year-old
girl connects with.
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É a isso que uma menina
de 15 anos fica ligada.
Eu evitava contar essa história,
02:05
And I used to shy away
from telling that story,
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02:08
but if that's what caused me
to be an engineer --
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mas, se foi isso que me fez
ser engenheira,
acho que deveríamos falar sobre isso.
02:10
hey, I think we should talk about that.
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02:12
CA: Sixteen years ago, you became
employee number seven at SpaceX,
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CA: Há 16 anos, você se tornou
a sétima funcionária da SpaceX.
02:18
and then over the next years,
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Então, nos próximos anos,
02:20
you somehow built a multi-billion-dollar
relationship with NASA,
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você, de alguma forma, desenvolveu
uma relação multibilionária com a NASA,
02:25
despite the fact that SpaceX's
first three launches blew up.
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apesar dos três primeiros lançamentos
da SpaceX terem explodido.
02:29
I mean, how on earth did you do that?
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Como você conseguiu isso?
02:31
GS: So actually, selling rockets
is all about relationships
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GS: Na verdade, vender foguetes
tem tudo a ver com relacionamentos
02:35
and making a connection
with these customers.
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e com a criação de uma relação
com os clientes.
02:37
When you don't have a rocket to sell,
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Quando não há um foguete para venda,
02:39
what's really important
is selling your team,
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é muito importante promover a equipe,
02:41
selling the business savvy of your CEO --
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o conhecimento de negócios
do diretor executivo,
02:44
that's not really hard
to sell these days --
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o que não é muito difícil hoje em dia,
02:46
and basically, making sure
that any technical issue that they have
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e, basicamente, garantir que qualquer
questão técnica ou preocupação
02:49
or any concern,
you can address right away.
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possam ser tratadas de imediato.
02:51
So I think it was helpful
for me to be an engineer.
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Creio que foi útil para mim
ser engenheira,
02:55
I think it was helpful to my role
of running sales for Elon.
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e ajudou no meu papel
de representante de vendas para o Elon.
02:58
CA: And currently,
a big focus of the company
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CA: Atualmente, um grande foco da empresa
é uma espécie de competição com a Boeing
03:01
is, I guess, kind of a race with Boeing
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03:03
to be the first to provide
the service to NASA
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para ser a primeira a prestar
o serviço para a NASA
03:06
of actually putting humans into orbit.
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de colocar realmente
os seres humanos em órbita.
03:12
Safety considerations obviously
come to the fore, here.
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Considerações de segurança,
obviamente, vêm à tona.
Como você tem dormido?
03:15
How are you sleeping?
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(Risos)
GS: Na verdade, durmo muito bem.
Sou boa para dormir, é o que faço melhor.
03:18
GS: I actually sleep really well.
I'm a good sleeper, that's my best thing.
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03:22
But I think the days leading up
to our flying crew
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Mas acho que os dias que antecedem
o voo de nossa tripulação
03:26
will probably be a little sleepless.
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talvez sejam de tirar um pouco o sono.
03:28
But really, fundamentally,
safety comes in the design
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Mas, principalmente, a segurança
está no projeto do sistema
03:32
of the system that you're going
to fly people on,
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pelo qual as pessoas irão voar.
Por isso, trabalhamos há anos,
03:34
and so we've been working for years,
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03:36
actually, almost a decade,
on this technology.
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na verdade, há quase uma década,
nessa tecnologia.
03:38
We're taking the Dragon cargo spaceship
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Estamos usando a nave espacial
de carga Dragon
03:41
and we're upgrading it
to be able to carry crew.
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e aprimorando-a para poder
levar uma tripulação.
03:43
And as I said, we've been
engineering in these safety systems
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Como eu disse, sou engenheira
de sistemas de segurança
03:47
for quite some time.
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há algum tempo.
03:49
CA: So isn't it that there's one system
that actually allows instant escape
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CA: Não é verdade que há um sistema
que permite a saída imediata
03:53
if there's a problem.
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em caso de problemas?
GS: Sim, chama-se sistema
de escape de lançamento.
03:55
GS: That's right. It's called
the launch escape system.
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CA: Acho que temos isso. Vamos mostrar.
03:57
CA: I think we have that. Let's show that.
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GS: Tenho um vídeo de um teste
que fizemos em 2015.
03:59
GS: We've got a video
of a test that we ran in 2015.
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04:03
So this simulated having
a really bad day on the pad.
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Foi simulado um problema
muito ruim na plataforma.
04:07
Basically, you want the capsule
to get out of Dodge.
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Basicamente, queremos
que a cápsula saia do Dodge,
que se afaste do foguete
04:09
You want it to get away from the rocket
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que teve um problema abaixo dele.
04:11
that had a bad day right below it.
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04:14
This is if there was an issue on the pad.
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Isto é, se houve um problema
na plataforma.
04:16
We also will be doing
another demonstration later this year
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Faremos também outra demonstração este ano
04:19
on if we have an issue
with the rocket during flight.
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sobre a possibilidade de haver
um problema no foguete durante o voo.
04:23
CA: And those rockets have another
potential function as well, eventually.
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CA: Por fim, esses foguetes também
têm outra função em potencial.
04:27
GS: Yeah, so the launch escape system
for Dragon is pretty unique.
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GS: Sim, o sistema de escape de lançamento
no Dragon é bem diferenciado e integrado.
04:30
It's an integrated launch escape system.
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É basicamente um propulsor.
04:32
It's basically a pusher,
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04:33
so the propellant system and the thrusters
are integrated into the capsule,
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O sistema de propulsão e os propulsores
estão integrados à cápsula,
04:38
and so if it detects a rocket problem,
it pushes the capsule away.
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e, ao detectar um problema no foguete,
ele empurra a cápsula para fora.
04:42
Capsule safety systems in the past
have been like tractor pullers,
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Antigamente, os sistemas de segurança
da cápsula eram como puxadores de trator,
04:46
and the reason we didn't want to do that
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e não queremos fazer isso
porque o puxador precisa sair
antes da cápsula reentrar com segurança.
04:48
is that puller needs to come off before
you can safely reenter that capsule,
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Então, queríamos eliminar, em tempo
de projeto, essa possibilidade de falha.
04:51
so we wanted to eliminate, in design,
that possibility of failure.
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04:57
CA: I mean, SpaceX has made
the regular reusability of rockets
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CA: A SpaceX vem fazendo
o reuso frequente de foguetes
05:01
seem almost routine,
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parecer quase uma rotina,
05:03
which means you've done something
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o que significa que vocês fizeram algo
05:05
that no national
space program, for example,
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que nenhum programa espacial
nacional, por exemplo,
05:08
has been able to achieve.
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foi capaz de realizar.
05:10
How was that possible?
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Como isso foi possível?
05:12
GS: I think there's a couple of things --
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GS: Acho que há algumas coisas,
05:15
there's a million things, actually --
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um milhão de coisas, na verdade,
que permitiram o sucesso da SpaceX.
05:17
that have allowed SpaceX to be successful.
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05:20
The first is that we're kind of standing
on the shoulders of giants. Right?
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Primeiro, estamos progredindo
devido às descobertas do passado.
05:23
We got to look at the rocket industry
and the developments to date,
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Começamos a ver a indústria de foguetes
e os desenvolvimentos até agora,
a escolher as melhores ideias,
05:28
and we got to pick the best ideas,
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05:30
leverage them.
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e a aperfeiçoá-las.
05:32
We also didn't have technology
that we had to include
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Também não tínhamos tecnologia
que precisávamos para incluir
05:36
in our vehicle systems.
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em nossos sistemas veiculares.
05:38
So we didn't have to design
around legacy components
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Não tínhamos que projetar
em torno de componentes legados
05:42
that maybe weren't the most reliable
or were particularly expensive,
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que talvez não fossem
os mais confiáveis, ou fossem caros.
Então, conseguimos deixar a física
conduzir o projeto desses sistemas.
05:45
so we really were able to let physics
drive the design of these systems.
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05:49
CA: I mean, there are other programs
started from scratch.
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CA: Há outros programas
que começaram do zero.
05:52
That last phrase you said there,
you let physics drive the design,
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Sua última frase sobre deixar
a física conduzir o projeto,
05:55
what's an example of that?
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qual é um exemplo disso?
05:57
GS: There's hundreds of examples,
actually, of that,
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GS: Na verdade, há centenas
de exemplos disso,
06:01
but basically, we got to construct
the vehicle design
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mas, basicamente, começamos
a construir o projeto do veículo
06:05
from, really, a clean sheet of paper,
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a partir de uma folha de papel em branco,
06:07
and we got to make decisions
that we wanted to make.
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e começamos a tomar
as decisões que queríamos.
06:11
The tank architecture --
it's a common dome design.
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A arquitetura do tanque
é um projeto de cúpula comum.
06:14
Basically it's like two beer cans
stacked together,
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Basicamente, é como duas latas
de cerveja empilhadas,
06:16
one full of liquid oxygen,
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uma cheia de oxigênio líquido,
06:18
one full of RP,
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outra cheia de combustível para foguete,
06:20
and that basically saved weight.
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o que nos poupou peso.
06:23
It allowed us to basically take
more payload for the same design.
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Isso nos permitiu levar mais carga
para o mesmo projeto.
06:27
One of the other elements of the vehicle
that we're flying right now
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Outro elemento do veículo
que faremos voar agora
06:31
is we do use densified
liquid oxygen and densified RP,
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é o uso de oxigênio líquido
e combustível densificado para foguete.
06:34
so it's ultracold,
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Então, é superfrio,
06:36
and it allows you to pack
more propellent into the vehicle.
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e nos permite colocar
mais propulsores no veículo.
06:40
It is done elsewhere,
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É feito em outros lugares,
talvez não no grau que fazemos,
06:42
probably not to the degree that we do it,
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06:44
but it adds a lot
of margin to the vehicle,
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mas soma muita margem ao veículo,
o que obviamente soma credibilidade.
06:46
which obviously adds reliability.
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06:48
CA: Gwynne, you became President
of SpaceX 10 years ago, I think.
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CA: Gwynne, você se tornou
presidente da SpaceX há 10 anos.
06:53
What's it been like to work
so closely with Elon Musk?
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Como tem sido trabalhar
tão de perto com Elon Musk?
06:57
GS: So I love working for Elon.
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GS: Adoro trabalhar para o Elon.
06:59
I've been doing it for 16 years
this year, actually.
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Já faz 16 anos, na verdade.
07:02
I don't think I'm dumb enough
to do something for 16 years
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Acho que não sou tão boba de fazer
algo que não gosto por 16 anos.
07:05
that I don't like doing.
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07:07
He's funny
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Ele é engraçado
07:09
and fundamentally without
him saying anything
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e, basicamente sem falar nada,
07:12
he drives you to do your best work.
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ele leva você a fazer seu melhor trabalho.
07:16
He doesn't have to say a word.
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Ele não tem que dizer nada.
Você só quer fazer um ótimo trabalho.
07:17
You just want to do great work.
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07:20
CA: You might be the person
best placed to answer this question,
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CA: Você deve ser a melhor pessoa
para responder esta pergunta,
07:23
which has puzzled me,
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algo que me intriga,
07:24
which is to shed light
on this strange unit of time
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que é esclarecer essa estranha unidade
de tempo chamada "tempo de Elon".
07:28
called "Elon time."
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07:30
For example, last year,
I asked Elon, you know,
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Por exemplo, no ano passado,
perguntei ao Elon
07:34
when Tesla would
auto-drive across America,
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quando a Tesla fabricaria carros
autônomos por todos os EUA,
07:37
and he said by last December,
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e ele respondeu que seria
em dezembro passado,
07:39
which is definitely true,
if you take Elon time into account.
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o que é verdade, se levarmos
em conta o tempo de Elon.
07:44
So what's the conversion ratio
between Elon time and real time?
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Qual é a taxa de conversão
entre o tempo de Elon e o tempo real?
07:48
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
07:49
GS: You put me
in a unique position, Chris.
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GS: Você me deixou
em uma saia justa, Chris, obrigada.
07:51
Thanks for that.
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07:53
There's no question that Elon
is very aggressive on his timelines,
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Não há dúvidas de que Elon tem
um cronograma muito dinâmico,
mas, sinceramente, isso nos leva
a fazer as coisas melhor e mais rápido.
07:56
but frankly, that drives us
to do things better and faster.
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08:01
I think all the time
and all the money in the world
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Acho que todo o tempo e dinheiro do mundo
não fornecem a melhor solução,
08:03
does not yield the best solution,
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08:05
and so putting that pressure on the team
to move quickly is really important.
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e colocar essa pressão na equipe
para trabalhar rápido é importante.
CA: Parece que você desempenha
um papel intermediário importante.
08:11
CA: It feels like you play
kind of a key intermediary role here.
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Ele estabelece metas insanas
que têm impacto,
08:14
I mean, he sets these crazy goals
that have their impact,
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mas, em outras circunstâncias,
pode abalar a equipe
08:19
but, in other circumstances,
might blow up a team
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ou determinar expectativas impossíveis.
08:22
or set impossible expectations.
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Parece que você encontrou
uma maneira de dizer: "Sim, Elon",
08:24
It feels like you've found a way
of saying, "Yes, Elon,"
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e fazer acontecer de forma aceitável
08:28
and then making it happen
in a way that is acceptable
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tanto para ele e sua empresa
quanto para os empregados.
08:31
both to him and to your company,
to your employees.
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08:34
GS: There is two really important
realizations for that.
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GS: Há duas compreensões
muito importantes para isso.
Antes de mais nada, quando Elon
propõe algo, temos que parar
08:37
First of all, when Elon says something,
you have to pause
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e não dizer de cara: "Isso é impossível",
08:42
and not immediately blurt out,
"Well, that's impossible,"
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08:46
or, "There's no way we're going
to do that. I don't know how."
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2965
ou: "Não dá para fazer isso,
não sabemos como".
Ficamos quietos, refletimos,
e damos um jeito de fazer.
08:49
So you zip it, and you think about it,
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08:51
and you find ways to get that done.
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Percebi outra coisa,
08:53
And the other thing I realized,
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2257
08:56
and it made my job satisfaction
substantially harder.
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3035
que tornou minha satisfação
de trabalhar bem mais difícil.
08:59
So I always felt like my job
was to take these ideas
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Sempre achei que meu trabalho
era pegar ideias
09:04
and kind of turn them into company goals,
make them achievable,
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e transformá-las em metas
da empresa, torná-las viáveis,
09:07
and kind of roll the company over
from this steep slope, get it comfortable.
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4602
redirecionar a empresa de uma ladeira
íngreme a um ponto tranquilo.
09:12
And I noticed every time
I felt like we were there,
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Percebi que, toda vez que eu sentia
como se estivéssemos lá,
09:15
we were rolling over,
people were getting comfortable,
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3313
que estávamos nos redirecionando,
e as pessoas se tranquilizavam,
09:18
Elon would throw something out there,
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1762
Elon lançava algo novo,
09:20
and all of a sudden, we're not comfortable
189
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2143
e, de repente, não estávamos
mais tranquilos
09:22
and we're climbing that steep slope again.
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550611
2317
e voltávamos à ladeira íngreme.
09:24
But then once I realized
that that's his job,
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2626
Mas, quando percebi
que esse era o trabalho dele,
09:27
and my job is to get the company
close to comfortable
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555602
3322
e que o meu era tranquilizar a empresa
para ele empurrar de novo àquela ladeira,
09:30
so he can push again
and put us back on that slope,
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558948
2709
comecei a gostar muito mais
do meu trabalho,
09:33
then I started liking my job a lot more,
194
561681
1971
09:35
instead of always being frustrated.
195
563676
2089
em vez de ficar sempre frustrada.
09:37
CA: So if I estimated
that the conversation ratio
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3301
CA: Se eu estimar que a taxa de conversão
09:41
for Elon time to your time is about 2x,
197
569114
2293
do tempo de Elon para o seu
é de cerca de duas vezes,
09:43
am I a long way out there?
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2920
estarei muito errado?
09:46
GS: That's not terrible,
and you said it, I didn't.
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574375
2564
GS: Não é horrível, e foi você
quem disse, não eu.
09:48
(Laughter)
200
576963
1991
(Risos)
09:50
CA: You know, looking ahead,
201
578978
1999
CA: Olhando para frente,
09:53
one huge initiative
202
581001
1668
uma iniciativa enorme em que se acredita
que a SpaceX está trabalhando
09:54
SpaceX is believed to be,
rumored to be working on,
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582693
3006
09:57
is a massive network of literally
thousands of low earth orbit satellites
204
585723
6555
é uma rede imensa de milhares
de satélites de baixa órbita terrestre
para fornecer conexão à internet
de alta velocidade e a baixo custo
10:04
to provide high-bandwidth,
low-cost internet connection
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592302
3515
para cada metro quadrado do planeta.
10:07
to every square foot of planet earth.
206
595841
2365
10:10
Is there anything
you can tell us about this?
207
598230
2234
Há algo que você pode
nos dizer sobre isso?
10:12
GS: We actually don't chat very much
about this particular project,
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600488
4102
GS: Na verdade, não conversamos muito
sobre esse projeto em particular,
10:16
not because we're hiding anything,
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604614
1690
não porque estamos escondendo algo,
mas este deve ser
um dos projetos mais desafiadores,
10:18
but this is probably
one of the most challenging
210
606328
2246
10:20
if not the most challenging
project we've undertaken.
211
608598
2538
ou o mais desafiador,
que estamos empreendendo.
Ninguém obteve sucesso
10:23
No one has been successful
212
611160
1842
10:25
deploying a huge constellation
for internet broadband,
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613026
3581
distribuindo uma constelação enorme
para internet de banda larga
ou, principalmente,
para internet via satélite,
10:28
or basically for satellite internet,
214
616631
2299
10:30
and I don't think physics
is the difficulty here.
215
618954
2615
e acho que a dificuldade não é a física.
10:33
I think we can come up
with the right technology solution,
216
621593
2876
Acho que podemos descobrir
a solução tecnológica adequada,
10:36
but we need to make a business out of it,
217
624493
2260
mas precisamos fazer negócios sobre isso,
e vai custar à empresa
cerca de US$ 10 bilhões ou mais
10:38
and it'll cost the company
about 10 billion dollars or more
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626777
3587
para implantar esse sistema.
10:42
to deploy this system.
219
630388
1761
10:44
And so we're marching steadily along
220
632173
4061
Estamos marchando regularmente
mas, certamente, ainda
não estamos cantando vitória.
10:48
but we're certainly
not claiming victory yet.
221
636258
2365
10:50
CA: I mean, the impact of that,
obviously, if that happened to the world,
222
638647
3429
CA: O impacto disso
no mundo, se acontecer,
da conectividade em todos os lugares,
seria muito extremo,
10:54
of connectivity everywhere,
would be pretty radical,
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642100
3388
e talvez, principalmente, para o bem.
10:57
and perhaps mainly for good --
224
645512
1493
Muda muito se, de repente, todos puderem
se conectar de forma mais barata.
10:59
I mean, it changes a lot
if suddenly everyone can connect cheaply.
225
647029
3815
11:02
GS: Yeah, there's no question
it'll change the world.
226
650868
2477
GS: Sim, não há dúvidas
de que mudará o mundo.
11:05
CA: How much of a worry is it,
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653369
1848
CA: Qual é o tamanho da preocupação
e do obstáculo no planejamento
11:07
and how much of a drag
on the planning is it,
228
655241
2183
11:09
are concerns just about space junk?
229
657448
1985
referente apenas ao lixo espacial?
Há muita preocupação.
11:11
People worry a lot about this.
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659457
1468
Seria um aumento enorme
no número total de satélites em órbita.
11:12
This would a huge increase in the total
number of satellites in orbit.
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660949
3343
É uma preocupação?
11:16
Is that a concern?
232
664316
1151
GS: Lixo espacial é
uma preocupação, sem dúvida,
11:17
GS: So space debris is a concern,
there's no question --
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665491
3681
não porque é muito provável que aconteça,
11:21
not because it's so likely to happen,
234
669196
2515
11:23
but the consequences of it happening
are pretty devastating.
235
671735
3894
mas porque as consequências
disso acontecer são bem devastadoras.
Poderíamos lançar um monte
de partículas em órbita
11:27
You could basically spew
a bunch of particles in orbit
236
675653
3766
que poderiam inutilizar aquela órbita
por décadas ou mais.
11:31
that could take out that orbit
from being useful for decades or longer.
237
679443
5158
11:36
So as a matter of fact,
238
684625
1818
Na verdade,
somos obrigados a derrubar nosso segundo
estágio depois de cada missão
11:38
we are required to bring down
our second stage after every mission
239
686467
3879
para que não acabe como carcaça
de foguete em órbita na Terra.
11:42
so it doesn't end up being
a rocket carcass orbiting earth.
240
690370
4127
11:46
So you really need to be
a good steward of that.
241
694521
2816
Precisamos realmente saber
administrar bem isso.
CA: Apesar do extraordinário sucesso
11:50
CA: So despite
the remarkable success there
242
698398
4100
11:54
of that Falcon Heavy rocket,
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702522
3347
do foguete Falcon Heavy,
11:57
you're actually not focusing on that
as your future development plan.
244
705893
3248
vocês não se concentram nele
como plano de desenvolvimento futuro.
Vocês estão aumentando os esforços
para um foguete muito maior
12:01
You're doubling down
to a much bigger rocket
245
709165
2991
chamado BFR,
12:04
called the BFR,
246
712180
1508
que significa...
12:05
which stands for ...
247
713712
1770
GS: É o "Big Falcon Rocket".
CA: O "Big Falcon Rocket", exato.
12:07
GS: It's the Big Falcon Rocket.
CA: The Big Falcon Rocket, that's right.
248
715506
4333
12:11
(Laughter)
249
719863
1666
(Risos)
12:13
What's the business logic of doing this
250
721553
2670
Qual é a lógica de negócio
de se fazer isso
12:16
when you invested all that
in that incredible technology,
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724247
3298
quando vocês investiram tudo aquilo
nessa tecnologia incrível,
12:19
and now you're just going
to something much bigger. Why?
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727569
2828
e agora estão indo para algo
muito maior. Por quê?
GS: Aprendemos algumas lições
12:22
GS: Actually, we've learned some lessons
253
730421
1912
ao longo do tempo em que desenvolvemos
esses sistemas de lançamento.
12:24
over the duration where we've
been developing these launch systems.
254
732357
3687
12:28
What we want to do is not introduce
a new product before we've been able
255
736068
4880
Não queremos apresentar
um novo produto antes de conseguirmos
12:32
to convince the customers that this
is the product that they should move to,
256
740972
3579
convencer os consumidores que esse
é o produto para o qual deveriam mudar.
Estamos trabalhando
no Big Falcon Rocket agora,
12:36
so we're working on
the Big Falcon Rocket now,
257
744575
3372
12:39
but we're going to continue
flying Falcon 9s and Falcon Heavies
258
747971
3015
mas continuaremos pilotando
Falcon 9s e Falcon Heavies
até que haja absoluta aceitação
generalizada do BFR.
12:43
until there is absolute
widespread acceptance of BFR.
259
751010
3071
Mas estamos trabalhando nisso no momento.
12:46
But we are working on it right now,
260
754867
1928
12:48
we're just not going to cancel
Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy
261
756819
3230
Não iremos cancelar o Falcon 9
nem o Falcon Heavy
e simplesmente substituir pelo BFR.
12:52
and just put in place BFR.
262
760073
2904
12:55
CA: The logic is that BFR is what you need
to take humanity to Mars?
263
763001
4499
CA: A lógica é que o BFR é o que vocês
precisam para levar o homem a Marte?
12:59
GS: That's correct.
264
767524
1229
GS: Correto.
CA: Mas, de algum modo, também acharam
outras ideias de negócios para isso.
13:00
CA: But somehow, you've also found
other business ideas for this.
265
768777
4110
13:04
GS: Yes. BFR can take the satellites
that we're currently taking to orbit
266
772911
3472
GS: Sim, o BFR pode levar satélites
que, atualmente, colocamos em órbita
para muitas órbitas.
13:08
to many orbits.
267
776407
1233
Permite que até nova classe de satélites
seja colocada em órbita.
13:09
It allows for even a new class
of satellites to be delivered to orbit.
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777664
5325
13:15
Basically, the width, the diameter
of the fairing is eight meters,
269
783013
3626
Basicamente, o diâmetro
da carenagem é de oito metros,
13:18
so you can think about
what giant telescopes
270
786663
2349
assim pode-se pensar
em quais telescópios gigantes
podem ser colocados nessa carenagem,
no compartimento de carga,
13:21
you can put in that fairing,
in that cargo bay,
271
789036
3420
13:24
and see really incredible things
272
792480
2095
ver coisas realmente incríveis
e descobrir coisas incríveis no espaço.
13:26
and discover incredible things in space.
273
794599
2269
13:28
But then there are some
residual capabilities
274
796892
2182
Mas também temos algumas
capacidades residuais além do BFR.
13:31
that we have out of BFR as well.
275
799098
2308
13:33
CA: A residual capability?
GS: It's a residual capability.
276
801430
2772
GA: Capacidade residual?
CA: É uma capacidade residual.
CA: É assim que você chama?
Diga-me do que se trata.
13:36
CA: Is that what you call this?
Talk about what the heck this is.
277
804226
3109
Ah, espere um momento...
13:39
Oh wait a sec --
278
807360
1151
GS: Esse é o Falcon Heavy.
13:40
GS: That's Falcon Heavy.
279
808535
1171
Vale a pena ressaltar, a propósito.
13:41
That's worth pointing out, by the way.
280
809730
1811
13:43
What a beautiful rocket,
281
811565
1411
Que belo foguete,
13:45
and that hangar could just fit
the Statue of Liberty in it,
282
813000
4960
e aquele hangar poderia abrigar
a Estátua da Liberdade,
para que tenham uma noção
do tamanho do Falcon Heavy.
13:49
so you get a sense of size
of that Falcon Heavy Rocket.
283
817984
4396
13:54
CA: And the fact that
there are 27 engines there.
284
822404
2476
CA: E o fato que há 27 motores lá.
Isso faz parte do princípio de projeto
13:56
That's part of the design principle
285
824904
1667
que, em vez de apenas inventar
foguetes cada vez maiores,
13:58
that you, rather than just
inventing ever bigger rockets,
286
826595
3229
vocês os agrupam.
14:01
you team them up.
287
829848
1150
GS: É exatamente essa capacidade residual.
14:03
GS: It's exactly this residual capability.
288
831014
2086
Desenvolvemos o motor Merlin
para o veículo de lançamento do Falcon 1.
14:05
We developed the Merlin engine
for the Falcon 1 launch vehicle.
289
833124
3018
14:08
We could have tossed that engine
290
836166
1766
Poderíamos ter jogado esse motor
14:09
and built an entirely new engine
for the Falcon 9.
291
837956
2961
e construído um totalmente novo
para o Falcon 9.
Teria sido chamado de algo diferente,
porque o Falcon 9 tem nove motores Merlin,
14:12
It would have been called
something different,
292
840941
2178
14:15
because Falcon 9 is nine Merlin engines,
293
843143
1905
mas, em vez de gastar US$ 1 bilhão
em um motor novo em folha,
14:17
but instead of spending a billion dollars
on a brand new engine,
294
845072
3039
colocamos nove deles juntos
na extremidade traseira do Falcon 9.
14:20
we put nine of them together
on the back end of Falcon 9.
295
848135
3186
14:23
Residual capability:
glue three Falcon 9s together
296
851345
3080
Capacidade residual:
cole três Falcon 9s juntos
14:26
and you have the largest
operational rocket flying.
297
854449
3119
e você terá o maior foguete
operacional voando.
14:29
And so it was expensive to do,
298
857592
1809
Era custoso fazer isso,
14:31
but it was a much more efficient path
than starting from scratch.
299
859425
3226
mas era um caminho muito mais eficaz
do que começar do zero.
14:34
CA: And the BFR is the equivalent
of how much bigger than that,
300
862675
3861
CA: E o BFR é o equivalente
a quanto maior do que isso,
14:38
in terms of its power?
301
866560
1151
em termos de potência?
GS: Creio que o BFR seja cerca
de duas vezes e meia o tamanho disso.
14:39
GS: BFR is about, I believe,
two and half times the size of this.
302
867735
3120
14:42
CA: Right, and so that allows you --
303
870879
1977
CA: Certo, e isso permite que você...
14:44
I mean, I still don't really believe
this video that we're about to play here.
304
872880
3687
ainda não acredito neste vídeo
que vamos mostrar aqui.
14:48
What on earth is this?
305
876591
1851
Mas o que é isso?
14:50
GS: So it currently is on earth,
306
878863
2859
GS: Atualmente, isso está na Terra,
mas é, basicamente, uma viagem
espacial para os habitantes deste planeta.
14:53
but this is basically
space travel for earthlings.
307
881746
3132
14:56
I can't wait for this residual capability.
308
884903
2221
Mal posso esperar
por essa capacidade residual.
14:59
Basically, what we're going to do
is we're going to fly BFR like an aircraft
309
887148
4656
Basicamente, iremos pilotar
o BFR como uma aeronave
15:03
and do point-to-point travel on earth,
310
891828
2586
e fazer uma viagem
de um ponto a outro na Terra,
15:06
so you can take off
from New York City or Vancouver
311
894438
4027
para que você possa decolar
de Nova York ou Vancouver
15:10
and fly halfway across the globe.
312
898489
2038
e voar do outro lado do planeta.
15:12
You'll be on the BFR for roughly
half an hour or 40 minutes,
313
900551
4015
Você ficará no BFR
cerca de 30 a 40 minutos,
15:16
and the longest part --
yeah, it's so awesome.
314
904590
2444
e a parte mais extensa...
sim, é tão incrível.
15:19
(Applause)
315
907058
1092
(Aplausos)
A parte mais extensa desse voo
é, na verdade, o navio para ir e voltar.
15:20
The longest part of that flight
is actually the boat out and back.
316
908174
4193
15:24
(Laughter)
317
912391
1001
(Risos)
15:25
CA: I mean. Gwynne, come on,
this is awesome, but it's crazy, right?
318
913416
3402
CA: Gwynne, vamos lá, isso é incrível,
mas é loucura, certo?
Na verdade, isso nunca irá acontecer.
15:28
This is never going to actually happen.
319
916842
2850
15:31
GS: Oh no, it's definitely
going to happen.
320
919716
2019
GS: Não, com certeza irá acontecer.
Certamente irá acontecer.
15:33
This is definitely going to happen.
321
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1667
15:35
CA: How?
322
923450
1151
CA: Como?
15:36
(Applause)
323
924625
4134
(Aplausos)
15:40
So first of all, countries are going
to accept this incoming missile --
324
928783
4256
Antes de mais nada, os países
irão aceitar esse míssil chegando...
15:45
(Laughter)
325
933063
1001
(Risos)
15:46
GS: Chris, so can you imagine
us trying to convince a federal range,
326
934088
4341
GS: Cris, você consegue nos imaginar
tentando convencer uma esfera federal,
15:50
Air Force bases to take the incomers?
327
938453
2143
bases da Força Aérea
para levar os que chegam?
15:52
Because we're doing it now,
regularly, right?
328
940620
2180
Fazemos isso agora, regularmente, certo?
Trazemos os primeiros estágios de volta,
15:54
We're bringing the first stages back,
329
942824
1801
e os pousamos em propriedade
federal numa base da Força Aérea.
15:56
and we're landing them
on federal property on an Air Force base.
330
944649
3007
Então, acho que fazendo isso, não sei,
15:59
So I think doing it, I don't know,
331
947680
1745
dez quilômetros fora de uma cidade,
talvez sejam cinco quilômetros.
16:01
10 kilometers out from a city, maybe
it's only five kilometers out from a city.
332
949449
3729
CA: Quantos passageiros podem pagar
a fortuna de voar pelo espaço?
16:05
CA: So how many passengers
can possibly afford the fortune
333
953202
2815
16:08
of flying by space?
334
956041
1019
GS: O primeiro BFR terá
aproximadamente 100 passageiros.
16:09
GS: So the first BFR is going to have
roughly a hundred passengers.
335
957132
5008
16:14
And let's talk a little bit
about the business.
336
962165
2198
Vamos falar um pouco sobre o negócio.
Todos acham que os foguetes
são muito caros,
16:16
Everyone thinks rockets
are really expensive,
337
964387
2142
e, em grande parte, são,
16:18
and to a large degree they are,
338
966554
1539
e como poderíamos possivelmente
competir com as passagens aéreas aqui?
16:20
and how could we possibly compete
with airline tickets here?
339
968463
2810
Mas, se você pensar
que posso fazer essa viagem
16:23
But if you think about it,
if I can do this trip
340
971298
2315
16:25
in half an hour to an hour,
341
973638
2929
entre meia hora e uma hora,
16:28
I can do dozens of these a day, right?
342
976591
2956
poderei fazer dezenas delas ao dia, certo?
16:31
And yet, a long-haul aircraft
can only make one of those flights a day.
343
979571
3622
Mas uma aeronave de longa distância
só pode fazer um desses voos por dia.
16:35
So even if my rocket
was slightly more expensive
344
983217
2309
Mesmo que meu foguete
fosse um pouco mais caro
e o combustível um pouco mais caro,
16:37
and the fuel is
a little bit more expensive,
345
985550
2036
16:39
I can run 10x at least
what they're running in a day,
346
987611
2900
posso rodar pelo menos dez vezes
o que eles rodam em um dia,
16:42
and really make the revenue
that I need to out of that system.
347
990536
3491
e realmente obter a renda
necessária com esse sistema.
16:46
CA: So you really believe this is going
to be deployed at some point
348
994051
3274
CA: Então, você acredita mesmo
que isso acontecerá algum dia
em nosso futuro incrível. Quando?
16:49
in our amazing future. When?
349
997349
1669
16:51
GS: Within a decade, for sure.
350
999042
1843
GS: Dentro de uma década, com certeza.
16:53
CA: And this is Gwynne time or Elon time?
351
1001495
2618
CA: Esse é o tempo de Gwynne ou de Elon?
16:56
GS: That's Gwynne time.
I'm sure Elon will want us to go faster.
352
1004137
3072
GS: É o tempo de Gwynne.
Com certeza, Elon vai querer mais rápido.
16:59
(Laughter)
353
1007233
1245
(Risos)
17:01
CA: OK, that's certainly amazing.
354
1009056
4111
CA: Certo, isso é certamente incrível.
17:05
(Laughter)
355
1013191
1621
(Risos)
17:06
GS: I'm personally invested in this one,
because I travel a lot
356
1014836
3044
GS: Investi pessoalmente nessa,
porque viajo muito e não adoro viajar,
17:09
and I do not love to travel,
357
1017904
1368
17:11
and I would love to get to see
my customers in Riyadh,
358
1019296
3587
e adoraria conseguir ver
meus clientes em Riyadh,
17:14
leave in the morning
and be back in time to make dinner.
359
1022907
3218
sair de manhã e estar de volta
a tempo de fazer o jantar.
17:18
CA: So we're going to test this out.
360
1026149
1769
CA: Iremos experimentar isso.
Dentro de dez anos, uma passagem
da classe econômica
17:19
So within 10 years,
an economy price ticket,
361
1027942
2770
custará pouco mais de US$ 2 mil
por pessoa pra voar de Nova York a Xangai.
17:22
or, like, a couple thousand dollars
per person to fly New York to Shanghai.
362
1030736
5650
GS: Sim, o custo deve ficar
entre a classe econômica e a business,
17:28
GS: Yeah, I think it'll be between
economy and business,
363
1036410
3110
17:31
but you do it in an hour.
364
1039544
1398
mas você fará isso em uma hora.
17:32
CA: Yeah, well, OK,
that is definitely something.
365
1040966
2777
CA: Sim, está bem, isso é,
com certeza, alguma coisa.
17:35
(Laughter)
366
1043767
1001
(Risos)
17:36
And meanwhile, the other use
of BFR is being developed
367
1044792
3339
Enquanto isso, o outro uso do BFR
está sendo desenvolvido
17:40
to go a little bit further than Shanghai.
368
1048155
3189
para ir um pouco mais longe que Xangai.
17:43
Talk about this.
369
1051368
1242
Fale sobre isso.
17:44
You guys have actually developed
quite a detailed, sort of, picture
370
1052634
3993
Vocês desenvolveram, na verdade,
um retrato bem detalhado
17:48
of how humans might fly to Mars,
371
1056651
3420
de como o homem pode voar para Marte,
17:52
and what that would look like.
372
1060095
1592
e como seria isso.
17:53
GS: Yeah. So we've got a video,
this is a cropped video
373
1061711
2572
GS: Sim, temos um vídeo extraído
de outros que mostramos.
17:56
from others we've shown, and then
there's a couple of new bits to it.
374
1064307
3309
Então, há algumas partes novas.
17:59
But basically, you're going
to lift off from a pad,
375
1067640
3318
Mas, basicamente, você irá
decolar de uma plataforma,
você tem um foguete auxiliar
assim como o BFS, "Big Falcon Spaceship".
18:02
you've got a booster as well as the BFS,
the Big Falcon Spaceship.
376
1070982
3941
18:07
It's going to take off.
377
1075535
1182
Ele irá decolar.
18:11
The booster is going to drop
the spaceship off in orbit,
378
1079550
3391
O foguete auxiliar irá soltar
a nave espacial na baixa órbita terrestre,
18:14
low earth orbit,
379
1082965
1150
18:16
and then return just like
we're returning boosters right now.
380
1084139
3206
e, então, retornar como retornamos
os foguetes auxiliares agora.
Parece incrível, mas estamos
trabalhando nas peças,
18:19
So it sounds incredible,
but we're working on the pieces,
381
1087369
2722
e você pode nos ver alcançá-las.
18:22
and you can see us achieve these pieces.
382
1090115
1968
O foguete auxiliar retorna.
18:24
So booster comes back.
383
1092107
1203
18:25
The new thing here
384
1093334
1151
A novidade aqui é que iremos pousar
na plataforma da qual o lançamos.
18:26
is that we're going to actually land
on the pad that we launched from.
385
1094509
3319
Atualmente, aterrissamos
em uma plataforma separada ou em um navio.
18:29
Currently, we land on a separate pad,
or we land out on a boat.
386
1097852
2968
18:33
Fast, quick connect.
387
1101390
1673
Conexão rápida.
18:35
You take a cargo ship full of fuel,
388
1103087
2669
Você pega um navio de carga
cheio de combustível,
18:37
or a fuel depot,
389
1105780
1173
ou um depósito,
18:38
put it on that booster, get that in orbit,
390
1106977
2474
coloca-o naquele foguete
auxiliar, em órbita,
18:41
do a docking maneuver,
refuel the spaceship,
391
1109475
2924
faz uma manobra de acoplamento,
reabastece a nave espacial,
18:45
and head on to your destination,
392
1113979
1874
e a conduz a seu destino,
que, nesse caso, é Marte.
18:47
and this one is Mars.
393
1115877
2113
18:51
CA: So, like, a hundred people
go to Mars at one time,
394
1119131
5301
CA: Então, centenas de pessoas
irão a Marte de uma só vez,
18:56
taking, what, six months? Two months?
395
1124456
2690
levando quanto tempo?
Seis meses? Dois meses?
GS: Acaba dependendo
do tamanho do foguete.
18:59
GS: It ends up depending
on how big the rocket is.
396
1127170
2626
19:01
I think this first version,
and we'll continue to make
397
1129820
3182
Acho que essa primeira versão,
e continuaremos a construir
BFRs ainda maiores.
19:05
even bigger BFRs,
398
1133026
2158
19:07
I think it's a three-month trip.
399
1135208
2031
Creio que seja uma viagem de três meses.
19:09
Right now, the average is six to eight,
400
1137263
1915
Agora, a média é de seis a oito,
mas tentaremos fazer mais rápido.
19:11
but we're going to try to do it faster.
401
1139202
1962
CA: Quando você acredita que a SpaceX
levará o primeiro homem a Marte?
19:13
CA: When do you believe SpaceX
will land the first human on Mars?
402
1141188
4455
GS: É um período de tempo
semelhante de um ponto a outro.
19:17
GS: It's a very similar time frame
from the point-to-point.
403
1145667
2762
É a mesma capacidade.
19:20
It's the same capability.
404
1148453
1245
Será dentro de uma década,
não nesta década.
19:21
It will be within a decade --
not this decade.
405
1149722
4209
CA: Em tempo real, dentro de uma década.
19:25
CA: In real time, again, within a decade.
406
1153955
2210
Bem, isso também seria incrível.
19:28
Well, that would also be amazing.
407
1156189
2799
19:31
(Laughter)
408
1159012
1150
(Risos)
Mas por quê? Sério, por quê?
19:32
Why, though? Seriously, why?
409
1160186
2515
19:34
I mean, you've got a company
where this is the official stated mission.
410
1162725
3754
Você tem uma empresa na qual
essa é a missão oficial declarada.
19:38
Has everyone actually
bought into that mission,
411
1166503
2507
Todos, na verdade,
acreditaram nessa missão,
19:41
given that, I mean,
there's a lot of people around
412
1169034
2692
dado que, há muitas pessoas ao redor
19:43
who think, come on,
you've got so much talent,
413
1171750
2158
que acreditam que vocês têm tanto talento,
tanta capacidade tecnológica.
19:45
so much technology capability.
414
1173932
1697
19:47
There are so many things on earth
that need urgent attention.
415
1175653
3311
Há tantas coisas no mundo
que precisam de atenção urgente.
19:50
Why would you have this escape trip
off to another planet?
416
1178988
2945
Por que vocês fariam essa viagem
de fuga para outro planeta?
19:53
(Applause)
417
1181957
1635
(Aplausos)
19:55
GS: So I am glad you asked that,
418
1183616
1680
GS: Fico feliz por perguntar isso,
19:57
but I think we need
to expand our minds a little bit.
419
1185320
2644
mas acho que precisamos ampliar
um pouco nossa mente.
19:59
There are plenty of things to do on earth,
420
1187988
2079
Há muitas coisas a fazer neste mundo,
mas há muitas empresas trabalhando nisso.
20:02
but there are lots of companies
working on that.
421
1190091
2571
20:04
I think we're working on one of
the most important things we possibly can,
422
1192686
4295
Acho que estamos trabalhando em uma
das coisas mais importantes que podemos:
20:09
and that's to find another place
for humans to live and survive and thrive.
423
1197005
4727
encontrar um outro lugar para o ser humano
morar, sobreviver e se desenvolver.
20:13
If something happened on earth,
424
1201756
3309
Se acontecer algo ao planeta,
20:17
you need humans living somewhere else.
425
1205089
2095
precisaremos encontrar
outro lugar para viver.
20:20
(Applause)
426
1208896
1772
(Aplausos)
É uma redução de risco
fundamental à espécie humana.
20:22
It's the fundamental risk reduction
for the human species.
427
1210692
2757
Isso não invalida
20:25
And this does not subvert
428
1213473
2223
20:27
making our planet here better
and doing a better job taking care of it,
429
1215720
4809
melhorar nosso planeta aqui
e fazer um trabalho melhor cuidando dele,
20:32
but I think you need
multiple paths to survival,
430
1220553
3110
mas acho que precisamos
de múltiplos caminhos para sobreviver,
20:35
and this is one of them.
431
1223687
2143
e esse é um deles.
20:37
And let's not talk about the downer piece,
432
1225854
2099
Não vamos falar sobre a parte triste,
de ir a Marte para garantir que nenhum
dos habitantes do planeta morra.
20:39
like, you go to Mars to make sure
all earthlings don't die.
433
1227977
3388
20:43
That's terrible, actually,
that's a terrible reason to go do it.
434
1231389
3650
Essa é, na verdade,
uma terrível razão para fazer isso.
20:47
Fundamentally,
it's another place to explore,
435
1235063
2928
Basicamente, é um outro
lugar para explorar,
20:50
and that's what makes humans
different from animals,
436
1238015
3398
e é isso que torna os seres humanos
diferentes dos animais:
20:53
it's our sense of exploration
and sense of wonderment
437
1241437
2477
nosso senso de exploração e de admiração
e aprendizagem de algo novo.
20:55
and learning something new.
438
1243938
1377
20:57
And then I also have to say,
439
1245339
2515
Então, também tenho que dizer:
20:59
this is the first step
in us moving to other solar systems
440
1247878
3841
esse é o primeiro passo para nos mudarmos
para outros sistemas solares
21:03
and potentially other galaxies,
441
1251743
1584
e potencialmente outras galáxias,
21:05
and I think this is the only time
I ever out-vision Elon,
442
1253351
3145
e acho que essa é a única vez
que ultrapassei a visão de Elon,
porque quero conhecer outras pessoas
em outros sistemas solares.
21:08
because I want to meet other people
in other solar systems.
443
1256520
2849
Marte é bom, mas é um planeta
a ser melhorado.
21:11
Mars is fine, but it is
a fixer-upper planet.
444
1259393
2269
21:13
There's work to do there
to make it habitable.
445
1261686
2184
Há trabalho a fazer lá
para torná-lo habitável.
21:15
(Laughter)
446
1263894
1001
(Risos)
21:16
I want to find people,
or whatever they call themselves,
447
1264919
2987
Quero encontrar pessoas,
ou seja como for que elas se chamem,
21:19
in another solar system.
448
1267930
1619
em outro sistema solar.
21:21
CA: That is a big vision.
449
1269573
2228
CA: Essa é uma grande visão.
21:23
Gwynne Shotwell, thank you.
450
1271825
1770
Gwynne Shotwell, obrigado.
Você tem um dos trabalhos
mais incríveis do planeta.
21:25
You have one of the most
amazing jobs on the planet.
451
1273619
2430
GS: Obrigada, Chris.
21:28
GS: Thank you very much. Thanks, Chris.
452
1276073
2334
Translated by Maurício Kakuei Tanaka
Reviewed by Maricene Crus

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ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Gwynne Shotwell - Space leader
As president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations.

Why you should listen

Gwynne Shotwell joined SpaceX in 2002 as vice president of business development and built the Falcon vehicle family manifest to more than 70 launches, representing more than $10 billion in business. Shotwell is a member of the SpaceX Board of Directors.
 
Prior to joining SpaceX, Shotwell spent more than 10 years at the Aerospace Corporation, holding positions in space systems engineering and technology and project management. Shotwell was subsequently recruited to be director of Microcosm's space systems division, managing space system technologies, serving on the executive committee and directing corporate business development.
 
In 2014, Shotwell was appointed to the United States Export Import Bank's Advisory Committee and the Federal Aviation Administration’s Management Advisory Council. She has been awarded the World Technology Award for Individual Achievement in Space, has been inducted into the Women In Technology International Hall of Fame and was elected to the honorable grade of Fellow with the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
 
SpaceX supports science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) programs locally as well as national engineering programs and competitions. Shotwell has helped raise over $1.4 million for STEM education programs reaching thousands of students nationwide.
Shotwell received, with honors, her bachelor’s and master’s degrees from Northwestern University in mechanical engineering and applied mathematics, and she serves as both a University Trustee and a member of the Advisory Council for Northwestern’s McCormick School of Engineering. She has authored dozens of papers on a variety of space-related subjects.

More profile about the speaker
Gwynne Shotwell | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.

Why you should listen

Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.

Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.

Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.

Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.

This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.

He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.

In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.

Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.

More profile about the speaker
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com

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