Gwynne Shotwell: SpaceX's plan to fly you across the globe in 30 minutes
Гвинн Шотвелл: Планы SpaceX перенести вас через земной шар за 30 минут
As president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations. Full bioChris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
произошло невероятное событие.
something crazy happened.
this caught so many people's attention?
Ведь за этим следила вся общественность.
я выдержу паузу,
for the beginning,
три, два, один.
three, two, one.
an important moment for SpaceX.
значимый момент для SpaceX.
and now the Falcon Heavy,
а теперь и с Falcon Heavy,
been conceived or is conceived right now.
было создано или разрабатывается сейчас.
of Falcon Heavy later this year,
ещё пара запусков Falcon Heavy,
ускорители, вернувшиеся на площадку.
a thousand people
переключить всё внимание на себя.
в качестве полезной нагрузки.
why not put a Tesla into space?
стрелки часов назад.
and President of SpaceX?
и президентом компании SpaceX?
но что правда, то правда,
that the girls weren't doing.
которые не свойственны девочкам.
она у меня художник, —
when I was in third grade,
a book, and I read it,
дала мне книгу, и я её прочитала.
out of my mechanical engineering degree
инженер-механик, моим первым местом работы
in the automotive industry.
концерн Chrysler Motors.
not because of that book
инженером не из-за книги,
на мероприятие общества женщин-инженеров,
to a Society of Women Engineers event,
the mechanical engineer that spoke.
которая там выступала.
girl connects with.
никому об этой истории.
from telling that story,
to be an engineer --
я стала инженером,
employee number seven at SpaceX,
по счёту сотрудником SpaceX,
relationship with NASA,
многомиллиардную сделку с НАСА —
first three launches blew up.
три запуска SpaceX были неудачными.
is all about relationships
большое значение имеют связи.
взаимоотношения с покупателями.
with these customers.
произвели впечатление и команда,
is selling your team,
to sell these days --
технические вопросы или неполадки,
that any technical issue that they have
you can address right away.
незамедлительно отреагировать.
for me to be an engineer.
что я по специальности инженер.
of running sales for Elon.
продаж в компании SpaceX.
a big focus of the company
насколько я понимаю,
выиграть гонку с Boeing
the service to NASA
на орбиту космонавтов
come to the fore, here.
безопасности выходят на первый план.
I'm a good sleeper, that's my best thing.
С этим никогда проблем не было.
to our flying crew
несколько бессонных ночей.
safety comes in the design
заложена в основе конструкции,
to fly people on,
мы работали многие годы,
on this technology.
космический корабль Dragon
to be able to carry crew.
для команды астронавтов.
engineering in these safety systems
безопасности мы работаем
that actually allows instant escape
гарантирует мгновенную эвакуацию
the launch escape system.
Давайте покажем его.
of a test that we ran in 2015.
сделанная в 2015 году, —
a really bad day on the pad.
to get out of Dodge.
произошла на стартовой площадке.
another demonstration later this year
with the rocket during flight.
когда ракета находится уже в воздухе.
potential function as well, eventually.
появиться ещё одна важная функция.
корабля Dragon довольно уникальна —
for Dragon is pretty unique.
are integrated into the capsule,
встроены в капсулу, и если система
it pushes the capsule away.
неполадку в ракете, она вытолкнет капсулу.
have been like tractor pullers,
были похожи на тракторы-тягачи.
потому что тягач должен был
you can safely reenter that capsule,
как вы попадёте в капсулу,
that possibility of failure.
провала уже в самой контрукции.
the regular reusability of rockets
многоразовое использование ракет
space program, for example,
SpaceX добилась успеха.
on the shoulders of giants. Right?
наших предшественников, верно?
and the developments to date,
ракетно-космической промышленности,
that we had to include
непременно нужно было использовать
around legacy components
внедрять устаревшие компоненты,
or were particularly expensive,
или слишком дорогими.
drive the design of these systems.
доверились законам физики.
started from scratch.
запущенные с нуля.
you let physics drive the design,
что ты имела в виду,
actually, of that,
этому есть сотни примеров,
the vehicle design
мы строили космический аппарат
that we wanted to make.
учесть все пожелания.
это, по сути, обычный купол.
it's a common dome design.
друг на друга две пивные банки:
stacked together,
more payload for the same design.
не меняя дизайн.
that we're flying right now
аппаратах мы используем
liquid oxygen and densified RP,
и концентрированный RP,
more propellent into the vehicle.
в двигательный аппарат больше топлива.
не в такой степени, как мы.
of margin to the vehicle,
конструкцию более надёжной.
of SpaceX 10 years ago, I think.
SpaceX, кажется, 10 лет назад.
so closely with Elon Musk?
с Илоном Маском?
как я работаю в компании.
this year, actually.
to do something for 16 years
чтобы заниматься нелюбимым делом
him saying anything
команду на отличный результат,
свою работу превосходно.
best placed to answer this question,
сможете ответить на вопрос,
on this strange unit of time
на ту странную единицу времени,
I asked Elon, you know,
я спросил Илона,
auto-drive across America,
беспилотное турне по Америке.
if you take Elon time into account.
between Elon time and real time?
«временем Илона» и реальным временем?
in a unique position, Chris.
is very aggressive on his timelines,
в жёсткие временные рамки.
to do things better and faster.
и выполняем свою работу лучше и быстрее.
все деньги и время,
and all the money in the world
что мы добьёмся лучших результатов.
to move quickly is really important.
команду работать быстро.
kind of a key intermediary role here.
роль некоего важного посредника.
that have their impact,
и это приносит результаты,
might blow up a team
команда может и взбунтоваться,
совершенно невыполнимыми.
of saying, "Yes, Elon,"
сказать: «Да, Илон»,
образом, который удовлетворит
in a way that is acceptable
to your employees.
realizations for that.
требование Илона.
you have to pause
говорит, нужно сделать паузу,
"Well, that's impossible,"
Я понятия не имею, как это выполнить».
to do that. I don't know how."
получать удовлетворение от работы.
substantially harder.
was to take these ideas
заключалась в том, чтобы выслушать
make them achievable,
компании, сделать их достижимыми,
from this steep slope, get it comfortable.
склон и плавно спуститься с него.
почти достигали финишную прямую,
I felt like we were there,
people were getting comfortable,
персонал чувствовал себя комфортно,
чувствовать себя комфортно,
взбираться на этот склон.
that that's his job,
и заключается его работа.
close to comfortable
компанию к состоянию комфорта,
задачу и заставить нас карабкаться вверх.
and put us back on that slope,
любить свою работу
that the conversation ratio
то оно составляет 2x1.
and you said it, I didn't.
rumored to be working on,
thousands of low earth orbit satellites
из тысяч низкоорбитальных спутников,
low-cost internet connection
высокоскоростного Интернета
you can tell us about this?
about this particular project,
рассказываем об этом проекте,
one of the most challenging
над которым мы когда-либо работали.
project we've undertaken.
for internet broadband,
высокоскоростного Интернета,
сложности при реализации проекта.
is the difficulty here.
точное технологическое решение.
with the right technology solution,
и выгоду из этого проекта,
about 10 billion dollars or more
в правильном направлении,
not claiming victory yet.
obviously, if that happened to the world,
would be pretty radical,
весьма значительными.
пойдёт во благо.
дёшево подключиться к Интернету,
if suddenly everyone can connect cheaply.
it'll change the world.
on the planning is it,
number of satellites in orbit.
увеличению числа орбитальных спутников.
there's no question --
представляет проблему,
are pretty devastating.
весьма разрушительными.
a bunch of particles in orbit
частиц космического мусора
from being useful for decades or longer.
на многие десятилетия, а то и дольше.
our second stage after every mission
вернуть на Землю вторую ступень ракеты,
a rocket carcass orbiting earth.
не болтался на орбите.
a good steward of that.
в космосе лежит и на наших плечах.
the remarkable success there
as your future development plan.
много внимания в ближайшее время.
ваши усилия на гораздо бóльшую ракету —
to a much bigger rocket
CA: The Big Falcon Rocket, that's right.
КА: Да, Big Falcon Rocket, верно.
in that incredible technology,
в одну невероятную технологию,
to something much bigger. Why?
большего размера. Зачем?
been developing these launch systems.
этих пусковых систем.
a new product before we've been able
мы должны убедить заказчиков,
is the product that they should move to,
им стоило бы переключиться.
the Big Falcon Rocket now,
над Big Falcon Rocket,
flying Falcon 9s and Falcon Heavies
запуски Falcon 9 и Falcon Heavу
widespread acceptance of BFR.
широко востребован BFR.
Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy
от Falcon 9 и Falcon Heavу
to take humanity to Mars?
человечество на Марс с помощью BFR?
other business ideas for this.
и другие бизнес-идеи.
that we're currently taking to orbit
спутники, но не на одну,
of satellites to be delivered to orbit.
новое поколение спутников.
of the fairing is eight meters,
обтекателя составляет восемь метров,
what giant telescopes
какие гигантские телескопы
in that cargo bay,
внутрь грузового отсека.
мы сможем увидеть
residual capabilities
GS: It's a residual capability.
ГШ: Да, побочный потенциал.
Talk about what the heck this is.
Расскажите нам, что это такое.
the Statue of Liberty in it,
поместиться статуя Свободы,
of that Falcon Heavy Rocket.
размеры Falcon Heavy Rocket.
there are 27 engines there.
inventing ever bigger rockets,
ракеты большего размера,
for the Falcon 1 launch vehicle.
мы разработали двигатель Merlin.
for the Falcon 9.
something different,
девять таких двигателей Merlin.
долларов на новый двигатель,
on a brand new engine,
on the back end of Falcon 9.
девять готовых двигателей.
glue three Falcon 9s together
объединить три Falcon 9
operational rocket flying.
действующую ракету.
решение, чем всё начинать с нуля.
than starting from scratch.
of how much bigger than that,
по сравнению с этой ракетой
two and half times the size of this.
в два с половиной раза.
this video that we're about to play here.
что мы сейчас покажем на этом видео.
space travel for earthlings.
космические путешествия землян.
реализовать этот побочный потенциал.
is we're going to fly BFR like an aircraft
земного шара в другую.
from New York City or Vancouver
из Нью-Йорка или Ванкувера
half an hour or 40 minutes,
yeah, it's so awesome.
Да, это потрясающе.
is actually the boat out and back.
будет занимать переправа на катере.
this is awesome, but it's crazy, right?
потрясающе, но это неправдоподобно.
going to happen.
to accept this incoming missile --
согласиться принять у себя ракету.
us trying to convince a federal range,
что мы можем убедить федеральные силы —
на базе посторонних?
к ним с этой просьбой.
regularly, right?
федеральной собственностью, на базы ВВС.
on federal property on an Air Force base.
it's only five kilometers out from a city.
can possibly afford the fortune
которые смогут позволить себе
roughly a hundred passengers.
BFR полетят около ста пассажиров.
about the business.
на ракете — это дорого.
are really expensive,
with airline tickets here?
конкурировать с авиакомпаниями?
if I can do this trip
совершить перелёт на ракете
десяток таких полётов.
can only make one of those flights a day.
сделать только один такой рейс в день.
was slightly more expensive
a little bit more expensive,
what they're running in a day,
десяток таких полётов в день
that I need to out of that system.
to be deployed at some point
что это произойдёт
Илона или Гвинн?
чтобы мы запустили этот проект раньше.
I'm sure Elon will want us to go faster.
потому что я много путешествую.
because I travel a lot
my customers in Riyadh,
если бы я могла вылететь из дома с утра,
and be back in time to make dinner.
и вернуться домой к ужину.
an economy price ticket,
билет в эконом-классе на рейс
per person to fly New York to Shanghai.
пару тысяч долларов.
дороже эконом-, но дешевле бизнес-класса,
economy and business,
that is definitely something.
of BFR is being developed
ещё один способ использования BFR —
quite a detailed, sort of, picture
довольно подробный план,
собранное по кусочкам из тех роликов,
this is a cropped video
there's a couple of new bits to it.
плюс мы кое-что добавили к ним.
to lift off from a pad,
со стартовой площадки
the Big Falcon Spaceship.
будет проходить на BFS —
the spaceship off in orbit,
we're returning boosters right now.
как ускорители возвращаются сейчас.
but we're working on the pieces,
но мы работаем над деталями,
on the pad that we launched from.
на ту же площадку, с которой запущен.
or we land out on a boat.
или специальную площадку.
и выводятся на орбиту.
refuel the spaceship,
дозаправляем космический корабль,
к месту назначения,
go to Mars at one time,
человек, а сколько будет длиться рейс?
on how big the rocket is.
and we'll continue to make
а мы продолжим проектирование
will land the first human on Mars?
высадит первого человека на Марс?
from the point-to-point.
not this decade.
последующих десяти лет.
в реальном времени.
where this is the official stated mission.
заявила об этой миссии.
bought into that mission,
there's a lot of people around
так много талантливых людей
you've got so much talent,
технологическими возможностями.
that need urgent attention.
решать в срочном порядке.
off to another planet?
to expand our minds a little bit.
working on that.
the most important things we possibly can,
из самых важных задач, а именно поиском
for humans to live and survive and thrive.
где они смогут выжить и процветать.
людей на другую планету.
риска для человеческого рода.
for the human species.
and doing a better job taking care of it,
благосостояние нашей планеты.
иметь несколько спасительных стратегий,
multiple paths to survival,
что полететь на Марс
all earthlings don't die.
не прекратили своё существование.
that's a terrible reason to go do it.
угнетающая причина для освоения Марса.
it's another place to explore,
ещё один неизведанный мир.
different from animals,
от животных, что обладают
and sense of wonderment
in us moving to other solar systems
к другим планетным системам
когда моё видение затмило амбиции Илона,
I ever out-vision Elon,
людей из других планетных систем.
in other solar systems.
a fixer-upper planet.
нужно ещё много всего предпринять.
to make it habitable.
or whatever they call themselves,
или как там они себя называют,
из самых удивительных дел на Земле.
amazing jobs on the planet.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Gwynne Shotwell - Space leaderAs president and COO of SpaceX, Gwynne Shotwell is responsible for day-to-day operations and for managing all customer and strategic relations.
Why you should listen
Gwynne Shotwell joined SpaceX in 2002 as vice president of business development and built the Falcon vehicle family manifest to more than 70 launches, representing more than $10 billion in business. Shotwell is a member of the SpaceX Board of Directors.
Prior to joining SpaceX, Shotwell spent more than 10 years at the Aerospace Corporation, holding positions in space systems engineering and technology and project management. Shotwell was subsequently recruited to be director of Microcosm's space systems division, managing space system technologies, serving on the executive committee and directing corporate business development.
In 2014, Shotwell was appointed to the United States Export Import Bank's Advisory Committee and the Federal Aviation Administration’s Management Advisory Council. She has been awarded the World Technology Award for Individual Achievement in Space, has been inducted into the Women In Technology International Hall of Fame and was elected to the honorable grade of Fellow with the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
SpaceX supports science, technology, engineering and math (STEM) programs locally as well as national engineering programs and competitions. Shotwell has helped raise over $1.4 million for STEM education programs reaching thousands of students nationwide.
Shotwell received, with honors, her bachelor’s and master’s degrees from Northwestern University in mechanical engineering and applied mathematics, and she serves as both a University Trustee and a member of the Advisory Council for Northwestern’s McCormick School of Engineering. She has authored dozens of papers on a variety of space-related subjects.
Gwynne Shotwell | Speaker | TED.com
Chris Anderson - TED Curator
After a long career in journalism and publishing, Chris Anderson became the curator of the TED Conference in 2002 and has developed it as a platform for identifying and disseminating ideas worth spreading.
Why you should listen
Chris Anderson is the Curator of TED, a nonprofit devoted to sharing valuable ideas, primarily through the medium of 'TED Talks' -- short talks that are offered free online to a global audience.
Chris was born in a remote village in Pakistan in 1957. He spent his early years in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan, where his parents worked as medical missionaries, and he attended an American school in the Himalayas for his early education. After boarding school in Bath, England, he went on to Oxford University, graduating in 1978 with a degree in philosophy, politics and economics.
Chris then trained as a journalist, working in newspapers and radio, including two years producing a world news service in the Seychelles Islands.
Back in the UK in 1984, Chris was captivated by the personal computer revolution and became an editor at one of the UK's early computer magazines. A year later he founded Future Publishing with a $25,000 bank loan. The new company initially focused on specialist computer publications but eventually expanded into other areas such as cycling, music, video games, technology and design, doubling in size every year for seven years. In 1994, Chris moved to the United States where he built Imagine Media, publisher of Business 2.0 magazine and creator of the popular video game users website IGN. Chris eventually merged Imagine and Future, taking the combined entity public in London in 1999, under the Future name. At its peak, it published 150 magazines and websites and employed 2,000 people.
This success allowed Chris to create a private nonprofit organization, the Sapling Foundation, with the hope of finding new ways to tackle tough global issues through media, technology, entrepreneurship and, most of all, ideas. In 2001, the foundation acquired the TED Conference, then an annual meeting of luminaries in the fields of Technology, Entertainment and Design held in Monterey, California, and Chris left Future to work full time on TED.
He expanded the conference's remit to cover all topics, including science, business and key global issues, while adding a Fellows program, which now has some 300 alumni, and the TED Prize, which grants its recipients "one wish to change the world." The TED stage has become a place for thinkers and doers from all fields to share their ideas and their work, capturing imaginations, sparking conversation and encouraging discovery along the way.
In 2006, TED experimented with posting some of its talks on the Internet. Their viral success encouraged Chris to begin positioning the organization as a global media initiative devoted to 'ideas worth spreading,' part of a new era of information dissemination using the power of online video. In June 2015, the organization posted its 2,000th talk online. The talks are free to view, and they have been translated into more than 100 languages with the help of volunteers from around the world. Viewership has grown to approximately one billion views per year.
Continuing a strategy of 'radical openness,' in 2009 Chris introduced the TEDx initiative, allowing free licenses to local organizers who wished to organize their own TED-like events. More than 8,000 such events have been held, generating an archive of 60,000 TEDx talks. And three years later, the TED-Ed program was launched, offering free educational videos and tools to students and teachers.
Chris Anderson | Speaker | TED.com