TED2016
Laura Indolfi: Good news in the fight against pancreatic cancer
Laura Indolfi: Gode nyheder i kampen mod bugspytkirtelkræft
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Enhver som har mistet en person til bugspytkirtelkræft ved hvor ødelæggende og hurtigt det påvirker et ellers sundt og raskt menneske. TED Fellow og biomedicinsk entreprenør Laura Infolfi udvikler en revolutionerende måde at behandle denne komplekse og dødelige sygdom: en enhed der kan leverer behandlende stof og fungere som et bur rundt om tumoren, og derved stopper denne i at sprede sig og kun leverer stof til det område hvor det er nødvendigt. "Vi håber at vi en dag kan gøre bugspytkirtelkræft en helbredelig sygdom," siger hun.
Laura Indolfi - Biomedical entrepreneur
Laura Indolfi is revolutionizing cancer treatment with new technologies including implantable devices for delivering drugs locally to the site of a tumor. Full bio
Laura Indolfi is revolutionizing cancer treatment with new technologies including implantable devices for delivering drugs locally to the site of a tumor. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:14
By raising your hand,
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Vis ved at løfte jeres hånd,
00:15
how many of you know
at least one person on the screen?
at least one person on the screen?
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hvis I kender mindst én af personerne
på skærmen.
på skærmen.
00:20
Wow, it's almost a full house.
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Wow, det er næsten alle.
00:22
It's true, they are very famous
in their fields.
in their fields.
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Det er sandt, de er meget kendte
inden for deres områder.
inden for deres områder.
00:24
And do you know what
all of them have in common?
all of them have in common?
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Og ved I hvad de allesammen
har til fælles?
har til fælles?
00:27
They all died of pancreatic cancer.
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De døde alle af kræft i bugspytkirtlen.
00:30
However, although it's very,
very sad this news,
very sad this news,
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Men, selvom det er meget triste nyheder,
00:33
it's also thanks to their personal stories
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er det også igennem deres
personlige historier
personlige historier
00:36
that we have raised awareness
of how lethal this disease can be.
of how lethal this disease can be.
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at vi har fået øget opmærksomhed
på hvor dødelig denne sygdom kan være.
på hvor dødelig denne sygdom kan være.
00:40
It's become the third cause
of cancer deaths,
of cancer deaths,
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Det er blevet den tredje mest
dødelige cancer,
dødelige cancer,
00:43
and only eight percent of the patients
will survive beyond five years.
will survive beyond five years.
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og kun otte procent af alle patienter
vil overleve mere end fem år.
vil overleve mere end fem år.
00:49
That's a very tiny number,
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Det er et meget lille tal,
00:51
especially if you compare it
with breast cancer,
with breast cancer,
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specielt hvis man sammenligner
med brystkræft,
med brystkræft,
00:53
where the survival rate
is almost 90 percent.
is almost 90 percent.
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hvor overlevelsesraten næsten er 90%.
00:57
So it doesn't really come as a surprise
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Så det kommer ikke som en overraskelse
01:00
that being diagnosed
with pancreatic cancer
with pancreatic cancer
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at hvis man bliver diagnosticeret
med kræft i bugspytskirtlen
med kræft i bugspytskirtlen
01:02
means facing an almost
certain death sentence.
certain death sentence.
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betyder det næsten altid
en dødsdom.
en dødsdom.
01:06
What's shocking, though,
is that in the last 40 years,
is that in the last 40 years,
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Det chokerende er at de sidste 40 år
01:09
this number hasn't changed a bit,
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har dette tal ikke ændret sig,
01:12
while much more progress has been made
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mens der er sket stor udvikling
01:14
with other types of tumors.
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med andre typer af tumorer.
01:16
So how can we make pancreatic cancer
treatment more effective?
treatment more effective?
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Så hvordan kan vi forbedre
behandlingen af kræft i bugspytskirtlen?
behandlingen af kræft i bugspytskirtlen?
01:20
As a biomedical entrepreneur,
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Som biomedicinsk entreprenør,
01:22
I like to work on problems
that seem impossible,
that seem impossible,
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elsker jeg at give mig i kast med
problemer der virker umulige,
problemer der virker umulige,
01:25
understanding their limitations
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at skulle forstå deres begrænsninger
01:27
and trying to find new,
innovative solutions
innovative solutions
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og forsøge at finde
nye innovative løsninger
nye innovative løsninger
01:30
that can change their outcome.
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der kan ændre resultatet.
01:33
The first piece of bad news
with pancreatic cancer
with pancreatic cancer
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Den første dårlige nyhed
angående kræft i bugspytskirtlen
angående kræft i bugspytskirtlen
01:35
is that your pancreas is in the middle
of your belly, literally.
of your belly, literally.
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er at vores bugspytkirtel er lige
i midten af maven, bogstaveligt talt.
i midten af maven, bogstaveligt talt.
01:39
It's depicted in orange on the screen.
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Den er vist i orange på skærmen.
01:41
But you can barely see it
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Men man kan næsten ikke se den
01:43
until I remove all the other
organs in front.
organs in front.
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før jeg flytter alle de organer
der ligger foran.
der ligger foran.
01:47
It's also surrounded
by many other vital organs,
by many other vital organs,
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Den er også omgringet af mange andre
vitale organer,
vitale organer,
01:50
like the liver, the stomach,
the bile duct.
the bile duct.
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som leveren, maven,
galdegangen.
galdegangen.
01:53
And the ability of the tumor
to grow into those organs
to grow into those organs
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Og tumorens evne til at sprede sig
til disse organer
til disse organer
01:56
is the reason why pancreatic cancer
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er grunden til at bugspytkirtelkræft
01:58
is one of the most painful tumor types.
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er en af de mest smertefulde type tumorer.
02:02
The hard-to-reach location
also prevents the doctor
also prevents the doctor
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Placeringen af bugspytskirtlen
gør det også umuligt for læger
gør det også umuligt for læger
02:05
from surgically removing it,
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at fjerne den operativt,
02:07
as is routinely done
for breast cancer, for example.
for breast cancer, for example.
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som det er standard procedure
ved brystkræft, for eksempel.
ved brystkræft, for eksempel.
02:10
So all of these reasons leave
chemotherapy as the only option
chemotherapy as the only option
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Så alle disse grunde gør
at kemoterapi er den eneste løsning
at kemoterapi er den eneste løsning
02:14
for the pancreatic cancer patient.
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for patienten med bugspytkirtelkræft.
02:16
This brings us to the second
piece of bad news.
piece of bad news.
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Det bringer os videre til den næste
dårlige nyhed.
dårlige nyhed.
02:19
Pancreatic cancer tumors have
very few blood vessels.
very few blood vessels.
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Bugspytkirtelkræfts tumorer har meget få
blodårer.
blodårer.
02:23
Why should we care
about the blood vessel of a tumor?
about the blood vessel of a tumor?
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Hvorfor skal vi bekymre os om
hvor mange blodårer en tumor har?
hvor mange blodårer en tumor har?
02:27
Let's think for a second
how chemotherapy works.
how chemotherapy works.
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Lad os bruge et sekund på
at tænke over hvordan kemoterapi virker.
at tænke over hvordan kemoterapi virker.
02:30
The drug is injected in the vein
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Det aktive stof bliver injiceret
ind i blodåren
ind i blodåren
02:32
and it navigates throughout the body
until it reaches the tumor site.
until it reaches the tumor site.
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og kører med blodet rundt
indtil det rammer tumoren.
indtil det rammer tumoren.
02:37
It's like driving on a highway,
trying to reach a destination.
trying to reach a destination.
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Det er som at køre på motorvejen
og skulle finde en bestemt destination.
og skulle finde en bestemt destination.
02:42
But what if your destination
doesn't have an exit on the highway?
doesn't have an exit on the highway?
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Men hvad hvis din destination
ikke har en afkørsel på motorvejen?
ikke har en afkørsel på motorvejen?
02:45
You will never get there.
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Så ankommer du aldrig.
02:47
And that's exactly the same problem
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Og det er præcis problemet
02:49
for chemotherapy and pancreatic cancer.
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med kemoterapi og patienter
med bugspytskirtelkræft.
med bugspytskirtelkræft.
02:53
The drugs navigate
throughout all of your body.
throughout all of your body.
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Stofferne navigere igennem
hele kroppen.
hele kroppen.
02:55
They will reach healthy organs,
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De rammer de raske organer,
02:58
resulting in high toxic effect
for the patients overall,
for the patients overall,
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og det resulterer i høj giftvirkning
for patienten, alt i alt
for patienten, alt i alt
03:02
but very little will go to the tumor.
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men kun en lille del vil ramme tumoren.
03:04
Therefore, the efficacy is very limited.
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Derfor, er effekten meget begrænset.
03:08
To me, it seems very counterintuitive
to have a whole-body treatment
to have a whole-body treatment
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For mig, virker det ulogisk
at behandle hele kroppen
at behandle hele kroppen
03:13
to target a specific organ.
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for at ramme ét specifikt organ.
03:15
However, in the last 40 years,
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Imidlertid, er der i de sidste 40 år
03:18
a lot of money, research
and effort have gone towards
and effort have gone towards
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brugt mange penge, forskning,
og anstrengelser, på
og anstrengelser, på
03:22
finding new, powerful drugs
to treat pancreatic cancer,
to treat pancreatic cancer,
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at finde nye stærke stoffer
til behandling af bugspytskirtelkræft,
til behandling af bugspytskirtelkræft,
03:26
but nothing has been done
in changing the way
in changing the way
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men intet er blevet gjort
for at ændre måden hvorpå
for at ændre måden hvorpå
03:29
we deliver them to the patient.
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man leverer dem til patienten.
03:32
So after two pieces of bad news,
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Så efter to dårlige nyheder,
03:34
I'm going to give you
good news, hopefully.
good news, hopefully.
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vil jeg nu give jer en
god nyhed, forhåbentlig.
god nyhed, forhåbentlig.
03:37
With a collaborator at MIT
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Med en samarbejdspartner ved MIT
03:39
and the Massachusetts
General Hospital in Boston,
General Hospital in Boston,
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og Massachusetts General Hospital i Boston,
03:42
we have revolutionized
the way we treat cancer
the way we treat cancer
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har vi revolutioneret måden
hvorpå vi behandler kræft
hvorpå vi behandler kræft
03:45
by making localized
drug delivery a reality.
drug delivery a reality.
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ved at gøre lokal medicinlevering
til virkelighed.
til virkelighed.
03:48
We are basically parachuting you
on top of your destination,
on top of your destination,
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Helt enkelt lader vi dig
ankomme til din destination via faldskærm,
ankomme til din destination via faldskærm,
03:52
avoiding your having to drive
all around the highway.
all around the highway.
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så du undgår at skulle
køre rundt og rundt på motorvejen.
køre rundt og rundt på motorvejen.
03:55
We have embedded the drug
into devices that look like this one.
into devices that look like this one.
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Vi har indlejret stoffet
i enheder som denne.
i enheder som denne.
04:01
They are flexible enough
that they can be folded
that they can be folded
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De er fleksible nok
til at kunne foldes
til at kunne foldes
04:06
to fit into the catheter,
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så de passer ind i et kateter,
04:08
so the doctor can implant it
directly on top of the tumor
directly on top of the tumor
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så lægen kan implementere den
præcist lige ovenpå tumoren
præcist lige ovenpå tumoren
04:12
with minimally invasive surgery.
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med minimalt invasivt kirugiske indgreb.
04:14
But they are solid enough
that once they are positioned
that once they are positioned
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Men de er hårdføre nok
så når de først er placeret
så når de først er placeret
04:18
on top of the tumor,
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ovenpå tumoren,
04:20
they will act as a cage.
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vil de fungere som et bur.
04:21
They will actually
physically prevent the tumor
physically prevent the tumor
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De vil faktisk spærre fysisk af
for at tumoren
for at tumoren
04:25
from entering other organs,
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kan nå de omkringliggende organer,
04:26
controlling the metastasis.
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og kontrollere metastase.
04:30
The devices are also biodegradable.
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Enhederne er også naturligt nedbrydelige.
04:32
That means that once in the body,
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Det betyder at så snart de er inde i kroppen,
04:34
they start dissolving,
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begynder de at nedbrydes,
04:36
delivering the drug only locally,
slowly and more effectively
slowly and more effectively
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og leverer kun stoffet lokalt,
langsommere og mere effektivt
langsommere og mere effektivt
04:41
than what is done with the current
whole-body treatment.
whole-body treatment.
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end med den nuværende
behandling af hele kroppen.
behandling af hele kroppen.
04:45
In pre-clinical study,
we have demonstrated
we have demonstrated
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I pre-kliniske studier,
har vi demonstreret
har vi demonstreret
04:48
that this localized approach
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at denne lokaliserede tilgang
04:50
is able to improve by 12 times
the response to treatment.
the response to treatment.
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er med til at forbedre responsens
til behandling med 12 gange.
til behandling med 12 gange.
04:54
So we took a drug that is already known
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Så vi tog et stof der allerede er kendt
04:57
and by just delivering it locally
where it's needed the most,
where it's needed the most,
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og ved at leverer det lokalt
hvor det er mest behøvet
hvor det er mest behøvet
05:01
we allow a response
that is 12 times more powerful,
that is 12 times more powerful,
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tillader vi en respons der er 12 gange
mere effektiv,
mere effektiv,
05:05
reducing the systemic toxic effect.
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og vi reducere den systemiske toksiske effekt.
05:09
We are working relentlessly to bring
this technology to the next level.
this technology to the next level.
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Vi arbejder benhårdt på at få gjort
teknologien endnu bedre.
teknologien endnu bedre.
05:13
We are finalizing the pre-clinical testing
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Vi arbejder på at færdiggøre de
prækliniske tests
prækliniske tests
05:16
and the animal model required
prior to asking the FDA for approval
prior to asking the FDA for approval
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og dyreforsøg som er nødvendige
før man kan anmode FDA om godkendelse
før man kan anmode FDA om godkendelse
05:20
for clinical trials.
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til kliniske forsøg.
05:22
Currently, the majority of patients
will die from pancreatic cancer.
will die from pancreatic cancer.
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Lige nu vil størstedelen af patienterne,
dø af kræft i bugspytskirtlen.
dø af kræft i bugspytskirtlen.
05:28
We are hoping that one day,
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Vores håb er at vi en dag,
05:29
we can reduce their pain,
extend their life
extend their life
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kan reducere smerte,
forlænge deres liv
forlænge deres liv
05:33
and potentially make pancreatic cancer
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og potientielt gøre bugspytkirtelkræft
05:36
a curable disease.
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til en helbredelig sygdom.
05:38
By rethinking the way we deliver the drug,
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Ved at omtænke hvordan vi giver stoffet,
05:41
we don't only make it
more powerful and less toxic,
more powerful and less toxic,
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gør vi det ikke kun mere effektivt
og mindre giftigt,
og mindre giftigt,
05:44
we are also opening the door
to finding new innovative solutions
to finding new innovative solutions
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vi åbner også døre for at finde
nye inovative løsninger
nye inovative løsninger
05:49
for almost all other impossible problems
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på næsten alle andre
umulige problemstillinger
umulige problemstillinger
05:52
in pancreatic cancer patients and beyond.
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ved bugspytskirtelkræft og det derudover.
05:55
Thank you very much.
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Tusind tak skal I have.
05:56
(Applause)
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(bifald)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Laura Indolfi - Biomedical entrepreneurLaura Indolfi is revolutionizing cancer treatment with new technologies including implantable devices for delivering drugs locally to the site of a tumor.
Why you should listen
Laura Indolfi is a biomedical entrepreneur, CEO and co-founder of PanTher Therapeutics, an early stage spin-out from MIT and MGH that provides superior technologies for revolutionizing the treatment of locally advanced inoperable solid tumors. Prior to this she served as an entrepreneur-in-residence at the MGH Cancer Center and as a research associate in the Harvard-MIT Institute for Medical Engineering and Science. She was selected as a TED Fellow in 2016.
Indolfi has broad professional experiences and interests ranging from biomedical engineering to entrepreneurship and outreaching initiative to promoting science. Her scientific expertise covers a broad range of therapeutic areas (cardio, cancer, inflammation, regenerative medicine) and approaches (drug delivery, cell therapy, implanted devices). Together with her strong technical background, Laura has hands-on business and managerial know-how developed during her biomedical business training at Sloan and Harvard Business Schools and with several consulting firms. She strongly believes in the power of outreach initiatives to promote research awareness and foster the public audience's discovery of the beauty of science. In 2014 the line of clothes Cytocouture, created in collaboration with Colombian designer Carlos Villamil and inspired by her cell-therapy research, won the global competition Descience.
Indolfi holds a MS/BS degree in materials science and engineering and a PhD in biomaterials from the University of Naples Federico II in Italy. Upon graduation, she joined the Harvard-MIT Division of health, science and technology, working on several projects spanning from devices for local drug delivery to tissue engineering approaches for cell therapies.
Laura Indolfi | Speaker | TED.com