TED2016
Laura Indolfi: Good news in the fight against pancreatic cancer
Laura Indolfi: 對付胰腺癌有好消息
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任何人摯愛因爲胰腺癌去世都知道，胰腺癌可以有幾快將一個原本健康嘅人推到病入膏肓。TED 研究生同生物醫學企業家 Laura Indolfi 喺度發展一種創新嘅方式去治療呢種複雜、致命嘅病，就係有一個藥物傳送裝置好似一個籠咁擺喺腫瘤度，阻止癌細跑擴散，並確保藥物剩係送去需要嘅地方。佢話︰「我哋希望有一種方式可以令胰腺癌成爲可治之症。」
Laura Indolfi - Biomedical entrepreneur
Laura Indolfi is revolutionizing cancer treatment with new technologies including implantable devices for delivering drugs locally to the site of a tumor. Full bio
Laura Indolfi is revolutionizing cancer treatment with new technologies including implantable devices for delivering drugs locally to the site of a tumor. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
在座各位識得至少一個屏幕上面嘅人
00:14
By raising your hand,
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00:15
how many of you know
at least one person on the screen?
at least one person on the screen?
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請舉手
哇，基本上每個人都舉咗
00:20
Wow, it's almost a full house.
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佢哋喺自己嘅領域都好出名
00:22
It's true, they are very famous
in their fields.
in their fields.
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你哋知唔知佢哋有咩共同點？
00:24
And do you know what
all of them have in common?
all of them have in common?
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佢哋都係死於胰腺癌
00:27
They all died of pancreatic cancer.
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00:30
However, although it's very,
very sad this news,
very sad this news,
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雖然係一件好唔好嘅事
00:33
it's also thanks to their personal stories
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但係都要多謝人哋報導佢哋嘅故仔
00:36
that we have raised awareness
of how lethal this disease can be.
of how lethal this disease can be.
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畀我哋注意到胰腺癌可以有幾致命
00:40
It's become the third cause
of cancer deaths,
of cancer deaths,
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胰臟癌排喺癌症死因嘅第三位
00:43
and only eight percent of the patients
will survive beyond five years.
will survive beyond five years.
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只有百分之八嘅病人有超過五年夀命
00:49
That's a very tiny number,
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相比乳癌生存率接近百分之九十
00:51
especially if you compare it
with breast cancer,
with breast cancer,
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00:53
where the survival rate
is almost 90 percent.
is almost 90 percent.
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呢個係一個好細嘅數字
00:57
So it doesn't really come as a surprise
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所以當病人畀醫生診斷爲胰腺癌之後
01:00
that being diagnosed
with pancreatic cancer
with pancreatic cancer
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病人一啲都唔感到意外
01:02
means facing an almost
certain death sentence.
certain death sentence.
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因為差唔多畀人判咗死刑
01:06
What's shocking, though,
is that in the last 40 years,
is that in the last 40 years,
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得人驚嘅係過去四十年
01:09
this number hasn't changed a bit,
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呢個數字冇咩嘢變化
01:12
while much more progress has been made
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但係其他腫瘤嘅治療
已經有好大嘅進展
已經有好大嘅進展
01:14
with other types of tumors.
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01:16
So how can we make pancreatic cancer
treatment more effective?
treatment more effective?
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所以我哋點樣更有效咁治療胰腺癌？
01:20
As a biomedical entrepreneur,
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身為一個生物醫學嘅企業家
01:22
I like to work on problems
that seem impossible,
that seem impossible,
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我鍾意解決嗰啲好似解決唔到嘅問題
01:25
understanding their limitations
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通過了解佢哋嘅局限
01:27
and trying to find new,
innovative solutions
innovative solutions
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嘗試搵出創新嘅方法，改寫個結局
01:30
that can change their outcome.
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01:33
The first piece of bad news
with pancreatic cancer
with pancreatic cancer
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第一件關於胰腺癌嘅壞消息
01:35
is that your pancreas is in the middle
of your belly, literally.
of your belly, literally.
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就係你嘅胰腺直情喺你腹部中間
01:39
It's depicted in orange on the screen.
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它喺屏幕上嘅橙色位置
01:41
But you can barely see it
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但係你幾乎睇唔到佢
01:43
until I remove all the other
organs in front.
organs in front.
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除非我將前面其他器官拎走
01:47
It's also surrounded
by many other vital organs,
by many other vital organs,
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但佢又畀好多重要嘅器官包圍住
01:50
like the liver, the stomach,
the bile duct.
the bile duct.
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例如肝、胃、膽管
01:53
And the ability of the tumor
to grow into those organs
to grow into those organs
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而且腫瘤可以生係呢啲器官
01:56
is the reason why pancreatic cancer
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所以點解胰腺癌係
病人其中一個最痛苦嘅腫瘤
病人其中一個最痛苦嘅腫瘤
01:58
is one of the most painful tumor types.
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02:02
The hard-to-reach location
also prevents the doctor
also prevents the doctor
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佢嘅位置難以接近
02:05
from surgically removing it,
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亦令醫生好難用手術移除佢
02:07
as is routinely done
for breast cancer, for example.
for breast cancer, for example.
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醫生成日為其他
好似乳癌咁嘅腫瘤做手術
好似乳癌咁嘅腫瘤做手術
02:10
So all of these reasons leave
chemotherapy as the only option
chemotherapy as the only option
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因為呢啲原因
胰腺癌病人只可以揀化療
02:14
for the pancreatic cancer patient.
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02:16
This brings us to the second
piece of bad news.
piece of bad news.
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跟住講第二個壞消息
02:19
Pancreatic cancer tumors have
very few blood vessels.
very few blood vessels.
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胰腺癌腫瘤有好少血管
02:23
Why should we care
about the blood vessel of a tumor?
about the blood vessel of a tumor?
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點解我哋要關心一個腫瘤嘅血管？
02:27
Let's think for a second
how chemotherapy works.
how chemotherapy works.
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等我哋嚟諗下化療係點樣做嘢嘅
02:30
The drug is injected in the vein
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藥物被注射入靜脈之後
02:32
and it navigates throughout the body
until it reaches the tumor site.
until it reaches the tumor site.
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藥物流過我哋嘅身體直至去到腫瘤嗰度
02:37
It's like driving on a highway,
trying to reach a destination.
trying to reach a destination.
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好似喺高速公路開車，努力駛去目的地
02:42
But what if your destination
doesn't have an exit on the highway?
doesn't have an exit on the highway?
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但係如果公路冇出口去你嘅目的地呢？
02:45
You will never get there.
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你永遠都去唔到
02:47
And that's exactly the same problem
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醫生處理化療同胰腺癌
02:49
for chemotherapy and pancreatic cancer.
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就正正面對相同嘅問題
02:53
The drugs navigate
throughout all of your body.
throughout all of your body.
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藥物流過你嘅身體
02:55
They will reach healthy organs,
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佢哋會到達一啲健康嘅器官
02:58
resulting in high toxic effect
for the patients overall,
for the patients overall,
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令病人整體上出現高度中毒反應
03:02
but very little will go to the tumor.
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但係藥物好少會去到腫瘤嗰度
03:04
Therefore, the efficacy is very limited.
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所以療效好有限
03:08
To me, it seems very counterintuitive
to have a whole-body treatment
to have a whole-body treatment
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我覺得為咗一個器官而要全身治療
03:13
to target a specific organ.
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好似違反常理咁
03:15
However, in the last 40 years,
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但係過去嘅四十年
03:18
a lot of money, research
and effort have gone towards
and effort have gone towards
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我哋洗咗好多錢、做研究
03:22
finding new, powerful drugs
to treat pancreatic cancer,
to treat pancreatic cancer,
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同努力咁去搵
新嘅、強效嘅藥物去醫胰腺癌
新嘅、強效嘅藥物去醫胰腺癌
03:26
but nothing has been done
in changing the way
in changing the way
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但我哋將藥物
送入病人身體嘅方法冇改過
送入病人身體嘅方法冇改過
03:29
we deliver them to the patient.
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03:32
So after two pieces of bad news,
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聽咗兩個壞消息之後
03:34
I'm going to give you
good news, hopefully.
good news, hopefully.
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我會話你知好消息
03:37
With a collaborator at MIT
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我哋同麻省理工大學
03:39
and the Massachusetts
General Hospital in Boston,
General Hospital in Boston,
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同埋波士頓嘅麻省總醫院合作
03:42
we have revolutionized
the way we treat cancer
the way we treat cancer
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徹底改變治療癌症嘅方法
03:45
by making localized
drug delivery a reality.
drug delivery a reality.
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實現藥物局部輸送
03:48
We are basically parachuting you
on top of your destination,
on top of your destination,
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我哋基本上將你空降到你要嘅目的地
03:52
avoiding your having to drive
all around the highway.
all around the highway.
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而唔使你行成條高速公路
03:55
We have embedded the drug
into devices that look like this one.
into devices that look like this one.
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我哋將藥物注入咗類似呢啲裝置入面
04:01
They are flexible enough
that they can be folded
that they can be folded
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佢哋靈活到可以摺疊
適合伸入導管裡面
適合伸入導管裡面
04:06
to fit into the catheter,
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04:08
so the doctor can implant it
directly on top of the tumor
directly on top of the tumor
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所以醫生可以直接將裝置
植入到腫瘤上面
植入到腫瘤上面
04:12
with minimally invasive surgery.
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然後做最輕微嘅入侵性手術
04:14
But they are solid enough
that once they are positioned
that once they are positioned
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但係佢哋一旦畀人植入腫瘤上面
04:18
on top of the tumor,
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就會好堅固，而且會好似雀籠咁
04:20
they will act as a cage.
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04:21
They will actually
physically prevent the tumor
physically prevent the tumor
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其實佢哋生理上
係防止腫瘤入侵其他器官
係防止腫瘤入侵其他器官
04:25
from entering other organs,
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04:26
controlling the metastasis.
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控制腫瘤轉移
04:30
The devices are also biodegradable.
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呢啲裝置仲係生物分解
04:32
That means that once in the body,
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即是佢哋一旦擺喺身體入面
04:34
they start dissolving,
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佢哋就會開始被分解
04:36
delivering the drug only locally,
slowly and more effectively
slowly and more effectively
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比起現時全身治療
04:41
than what is done with the current
whole-body treatment.
whole-body treatment.
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藥物更加局部、慢慢、有效咁輸送
04:45
In pre-clinical study,
we have demonstrated
we have demonstrated
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我哋喺臨牀前嘅研究已經證實
04:48
that this localized approach
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呢個局部性方式
有效提高治療效果十二倍
有效提高治療效果十二倍
04:50
is able to improve by 12 times
the response to treatment.
the response to treatment.
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04:54
So we took a drug that is already known
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所以我哋用一隻已知嘅藥物
04:57
and by just delivering it locally
where it's needed the most,
where it's needed the most,
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只係將佢放係最需要佢嘅地方
05:01
we allow a response
that is 12 times more powerful,
that is 12 times more powerful,
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我哋有咗十二倍嘅療效
05:05
reducing the systemic toxic effect.
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仲減少身體中毒反應
05:09
We are working relentlessly to bring
this technology to the next level.
this technology to the next level.
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我哋好努力咁將呢項技術
帶入下一階段
帶入下一階段
05:13
We are finalizing the pre-clinical testing
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我哋就嚟做完臨牀前試驗同動物試驗
05:16
and the animal model required
prior to asking the FDA for approval
prior to asking the FDA for approval
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做咗呢兩個先可以向美國藥物管理局
05:20
for clinical trials.
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申請做臨牀試驗
05:22
Currently, the majority of patients
will die from pancreatic cancer.
will die from pancreatic cancer.
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宜家大多數胰腺癌病人都冇得醫
05:28
We are hoping that one day,
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我哋希望將來有一日
05:29
we can reduce their pain,
extend their life
extend their life
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可以減輕佢哋嘅痛苦，延長佢哋嘅生命
05:33
and potentially make pancreatic cancer
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而且希望胰腺癌
將來變成可以亦醫返好嘅病
將來變成可以亦醫返好嘅病
05:36
a curable disease.
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05:38
By rethinking the way we deliver the drug,
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我哋因為反思輸送藥物嘅方式
05:41
we don't only make it
more powerful and less toxic,
more powerful and less toxic,
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我哋唔單止令治療更有效同少啲毒性
05:44
we are also opening the door
to finding new innovative solutions
to finding new innovative solutions
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仲同時為胰腺癌同其他癌症
幾乎所有唔可能解決嘅問題
幾乎所有唔可能解決嘅問題
05:49
for almost all other impossible problems
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05:52
in pancreatic cancer patients and beyond.
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打開通往創新療法嘅大門
05:55
Thank you very much.
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多謝大家
05:56
(Applause)
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（掌聲）
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Laura Indolfi - Biomedical entrepreneurLaura Indolfi is revolutionizing cancer treatment with new technologies including implantable devices for delivering drugs locally to the site of a tumor.
Why you should listen
Laura Indolfi is a biomedical entrepreneur, CEO and co-founder of PanTher Therapeutics, an early stage spin-out from MIT and MGH that provides superior technologies for revolutionizing the treatment of locally advanced inoperable solid tumors. Prior to this she served as an entrepreneur-in-residence at the MGH Cancer Center and as a research associate in the Harvard-MIT Institute for Medical Engineering and Science. She was selected as a TED Fellow in 2016.
Indolfi has broad professional experiences and interests ranging from biomedical engineering to entrepreneurship and outreaching initiative to promoting science. Her scientific expertise covers a broad range of therapeutic areas (cardio, cancer, inflammation, regenerative medicine) and approaches (drug delivery, cell therapy, implanted devices). Together with her strong technical background, Laura has hands-on business and managerial know-how developed during her biomedical business training at Sloan and Harvard Business Schools and with several consulting firms. She strongly believes in the power of outreach initiatives to promote research awareness and foster the public audience's discovery of the beauty of science. In 2014 the line of clothes Cytocouture, created in collaboration with Colombian designer Carlos Villamil and inspired by her cell-therapy research, won the global competition Descience.
Indolfi holds a MS/BS degree in materials science and engineering and a PhD in biomaterials from the University of Naples Federico II in Italy. Upon graduation, she joined the Harvard-MIT Division of health, science and technology, working on several projects spanning from devices for local drug delivery to tissue engineering approaches for cell therapies.
Laura Indolfi | Speaker | TED.com