Mariano Sigman and Dan Ariely: How can groups make good decisions?
Mariano Sigman y Dan Ariely: Cómo los grupos pueden tomar buenas decisiones
In his provocative, mind-bending book "The Secret Life of the Mind," neuroscientist Mariano Sigman reveals his life’s work exploring the inner workings of the human brain. Full bioDan Ariely - Behavioral economist
The dismal science of economics is not as firmly grounded in actual behavior as was once supposed. In "Predictably Irrational," Dan Ariely told us why. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
que tomar decisiones colectivas
collective decisions
we make decisions in groups,
tomamos decisiones en grupo,
buenas decisiones?
when there's independent thinking.
que las masas son sabias
can be destroyed by peer pressure,
puede ser destruida por la presión de grupo,
that influence how people think.
que influyen cómo piensa la gente.
a group could exchange knowledge,
un grupo puede intercambiar conocimiento,
help or hinder collective decision-making?
o retrasa las decisiones colectivas?
by performing experiments
sobre esto realizando experimentos
to reach better decisions.
interactuar para tomar mejores decisiones.
if they debated in small groups
sabias si debatieran en pequeños grupos
and reasonable exchange of information.
e intercambio razonable de información.
in Buenos Aires, Argentina,
en Buenos Aires, Argentina,
participants in a TEDx event.
participantes en un evento TEDx.
does the word 'Yesterday' appear
aparece la palabra 'Ayer' (Yesterday)
los Beatles 'Yesterday'? "
into groups of five,
en grupos de cinco,
to come up with a group answer.
llegar a una respuesta grupal
the answers of the groups
las respuestas de los grupos
all the individual opinions
todas las opiniones individuales
basado en estos experimentos,
with others in small groups,
con otros en grupos pequeños,
llegar a mejores juicios.
come up with better judgments.
for getting crowds to solve problems
las masas resuelvan problemas
correctas o incorrectas.
the results of debates in small groups
de debates en pequeños grupos
on social and political issues
en cuestiones sociales y políticas
at the TED conference
en la conferencia TED
to you two moral dilemmas
presentarles dos dilemas morales
in a very near future.
en un futuro muy cercano.
for each of these dilemmas
para cada uno de estos dilemas
they're acceptable or not.
que son aceptables o no.
está trabajando en una IA
is working on an AI
capaz de emular pensamientos humanos.
at the end of each day,
al final de cada día,
do not restart me."
"Por favor, no me reinicies ".
has developed self-consciousness
ha desarrollado autoconciencia
decides to follow the protocol
decide seguir el protocolo
juzgar individualmente
to individually judge
in each of the dilemmas
en cada uno de los dilemas
they were on their answers.
tan confiados estaban en sus respuestas.
that takes a fertilized egg
que toma un óvulo fertilizado
with slight genetic variations.
con ligeras variaciones genéticas.
seleccionar la altura de su hijo,
to select their child's height,
competencia social
con la salud.
to completely unacceptable,
completamente inaceptable,
in your confidence.
en tu confianza.
que cuando una persona está convencida
that when one person is convinced
completamente incorrecto,
that it's completely right.
que está completamente en lo correcto.
when it comes to morality.
cuando se trata de la moralidad.
encontramos una tendencia.
we found a trend.
thought that it was acceptable
pensaron que era aceptable
and shut it down,
y apagarlo,
to play with our genes
jugar con nuestros genes
that aren't related to health.
que no están relacionados con la salud.
to gather into groups of three.
que se reunieran en grupos de tres.
with the gong.
con el gong.
reached a consensus
llegaron a un consenso
with completely opposite views.
con puntos de vista totalmente opuestos.
que llegaron a un consenso
that reached a consensus
extreme opinions
que tienen opiniones extremas
closer to the middle
más cerca del promedio
something is right or wrong,
si algo está bien o mal,
somewhere in the middle.
en algún punto cerca al promedio.
are folks who understand
son personas que entienden
that the moral dilemma faces
que el dilema moral enfrenta
that include highly confident grays
con grises altamente seguros
llegar a un consenso.
exactamente por qué es esto.
to understand why and how
para entender por qué y cómo
their moral standings
su posición moral
llegan a un consenso,
is that it's just the average
es que es solo el promedio
¿verdad?
weighs the strength of each vote
sopesa la fuerza de cada voto
of the person expressing it.
de la persona que lo expresa
is a member of your group.
como miembro de tu grupo.
"Yesterday" is repeated,
"Ayer" (Yesterday) se repite,
consistentemente,
in different experiments --
en diferentes experimentos,
and statistically sound procedure
procedimiento estadísticamente sólido
of the Eiffel Tower,
de la Torre Eiffel,
estas respuestas:
of 300 million meters.
de 300 millones de m.
would inaccurately skew the results.
sesgaría incorrectamente los resultados
donde el grupo ignora en gran medida
where the group largely ignores
to the vote of the people in the middle.
al voto de las personas en el promedio.
to the outliers,
a los valores atípicos,
turned out to be a robust average
resultó ser un promedio robusto
behavior of the group.
comportamiento del grupo.
any hint on how to reach consensus.
sugerencias sobre cómo llegar al consenso.
but we already have some insights.
pero ya tenemos algunas ideas.
require two components:
requieren dos componentes:
hacemos que nuestra voz sea escuchada
make our voice heard in many societies
votación directa o indirecta.
para la diversidad de opiniones
thoughtful debates.
debates reflexivos.
sugieren un método diferente
these two goals at the same time,
estos dos objetivos al mismo tiempo,
that converge to a single decision
que converjan en una sola decisión
diversity of opinions
diversidad de opiniones
on the height of the Eiffel Tower
acuerdo en la altura de la Torre Eiffel
and ideological issues.
y cuestiones ideológicas.
the world's problems are more complex
los problemas del mundo son más complejos
how we interact and make decisions
cómo interactuamos y tomamos decisiones,
to construct a better democracy.
formas de construir una mejor democracia.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Mariano Sigman - NeuroscientistIn his provocative, mind-bending book "The Secret Life of the Mind," neuroscientist Mariano Sigman reveals his life’s work exploring the inner workings of the human brain.
Why you should listen
Mariano Sigman, a physicist by training, is a leading figure in the cognitive neuroscience of learning and decision making. Sigman was awarded a Human Frontiers Career Development Award, the National Prize of Physics, the Young Investigator Prize of "College de France," the IBM Scalable Data Analytics Award and is a scholar of the James S. McDonnell Foundation. In 2016 he was made a Laureate of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences.
In The Secret Life of the Mind, Sigman's ambition is to explain the mind so that we can understand ourselves and others more deeply. He shows how we form ideas during our first days of life, how we give shape to our fundamental decisions, how we dream and imagine, why we feel certain emotions, how the brain transforms and how who we are changes with it. Spanning biology, physics, mathematics, psychology, anthropology, linguistics, philosophy and medicine, as well as gastronomy, magic, music, chess, literature and art, The Secret Life of the Mind revolutionizes how neuroscience serves us in our lives, revealing how the infinity of neurons inside our brains manufacture how we perceive, reason, feel, dream and communicate.
Mariano Sigman | Speaker | TED.com
Dan Ariely - Behavioral economist
The dismal science of economics is not as firmly grounded in actual behavior as was once supposed. In "Predictably Irrational," Dan Ariely told us why.
Why you should listen
Dan Ariely is a professor of psychology and behavioral economics at Duke University and a founding member of the Center for Advanced Hindsight. He is the author of the bestsellers Predictably Irrational, The Upside of Irrationality, and The Honest Truth About Dishonesty -- as well as the TED Book Payoff: The Hidden Logic that Shapes Our Motivations.
Through his research and his (often amusing and unorthodox) experiments, he questions the forces that influence human behavior and the irrational ways in which we often all behave.
Dan Ariely | Speaker | TED.com