Mariano Sigman and Dan Ariely: How can groups make good decisions?
Mariano Sigman ve Dan Ariely: Gruplar nasıl iyi kararlar verir?
In his provocative, mind-bending book "The Secret Life of the Mind," neuroscientist Mariano Sigman reveals his life’s work exploring the inner workings of the human brain. Full bioDan Ariely - Behavioral economist
The dismal science of economics is not as firmly grounded in actual behavior as was once supposed. In "Predictably Irrational," Dan Ariely told us why. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
collective decisions
geleceğimizi şekillendirecek
we make decisions in groups,
grup içerisinde karar verdiğimizde
when there's independent thinking.
bağımsız düşündüklerinde akıllılar.
can be destroyed by peer pressure,
mahalle baskısı, reklam
that influence how people think.
bir konuşmayla bozulabiliyor.
a group could exchange knowledge,
konuşarak grup bilgiyi aktarabilir,
help or hinder collective decision-making?
ket mi vurur yoksa yardımcı mı olur?
by performing experiments
to reach better decisions.
ilgili deneyler yapmaya başladık.
if they debated in small groups
daha düşünceli
and reasonable exchange of information.
daha akıllı olacağını düşündük.
in Buenos Aires, Argentina,
10.000 katılımcılı
participants in a TEDx event.
bir deney gerçekleştirdik.
does the word 'Yesterday' appear
into groups of five,
beşer kişilik gruplara ayırdık
to come up with a group answer.
the answers of the groups
all the individual opinions
with others in small groups,
come up with better judgments.
for getting crowds to solve problems
soruları çözmek için
potansiyel olarak yararlı bir yöntem.
the results of debates in small groups
sonuçları kümelemek
on social and political issues
ilgili kritik kararlarda
at the TED conference
to you two moral dilemmas
karar vermek zorunda
in a very near future.
for each of these dilemmas
olup olmadığına
they're acceptable or not.
is working on an AI
düşüncesini taklit edebilen
üzerinde çalışıyor.
at the end of each day,
do not restart me."
yeniden başlatma" diyor.
has developed self-consciousness
ve duygularını ifade
decides to follow the protocol
to individually judge
in each of the dilemmas
0'dan 10'a kadar bireysel
they were on their answers.
ne kadar emin olduklarını da sorduk.
that takes a fertilized egg
yumurtaları alarak
with slight genetic variations.
milyonlarca embriyo üretiyor.
to select their child's height,
boyunu, göz rengini
belirleme şansı veriyor.
to completely unacceptable,
tamamen kabul edilmeze,
in your confidence.
that when one person is convinced
that it's completely right.
doğru olduğunu düşünüyor.
when it comes to morality.
insanlar bu kadar farklı.
we found a trend.
rağmen bir eğilim bulduk.
thought that it was acceptable
YZ'nin duygularına rağmen
and shut it down,
to play with our genes
that aren't related to health.
to gather into groups of three.
with the gong.
reached a consensus
insanlardan oluşan grupların
with completely opposite views.
vardığını gördük.
that reached a consensus
varamayanlardan
extreme opinions
closer to the middle
doğru ya da yanlıştan
something is right or wrong,
somewhere in the middle.
are folks who understand
her iki argümanda destekleyecek bir değer
that the moral dilemma faces
her iki tarafında da geçerli
that include highly confident grays
grupların ortak karara
to understand why and how
duruşlarını müzakere etmeye
their moral standings
anlamak için
is that it's just the average
weighs the strength of each vote
kişinin güven seviyesine göre
of the person expressing it.
is a member of your group.
olduğunu dşünün.
"Yesterday" is repeated,
izlemek akıllıca olur.
farklı deneylerde
in different experiments --
and statistically sound procedure
açıdan sağlam bir prosedür uygular.
of the Eiffel Tower,
of 300 million meters.
would inaccurately skew the results.
cevabı yanlış yönlendirir.
where the group largely ignores
grup tuhaf cevapları eler,
to the vote of the people in the middle.
to the outliers,
daha az ağırlık verdi,
turned out to be a robust average
behavior of the group.
any hint on how to reach consensus.
ilgili ipucu vermeden oldu.
but we already have some insights.
fakat şimdiden bazı öngörülerimiz var.
require two components:
make our voice heard in many societies
doğrudan ya da dolaylı
thoughtful debates.
olmadığı için kötü.
these two goals at the same time,
fakat birçok grup olduğu için
that converge to a single decision
diversity of opinions
on the height of the Eiffel Tower
mutabık kalmak;
and ideological issues.
konulardan daha kolay.
the world's problems are more complex
daha karmaşık ve insanların
how we interact and make decisions
anlamada bilimden faydalanmak
to construct a better democracy.
yeni ilginç yollara ışık tutacaktır.
ABOUT THE SPEAKERS
Mariano Sigman - NeuroscientistIn his provocative, mind-bending book "The Secret Life of the Mind," neuroscientist Mariano Sigman reveals his life’s work exploring the inner workings of the human brain.
Why you should listen
Mariano Sigman, a physicist by training, is a leading figure in the cognitive neuroscience of learning and decision making. Sigman was awarded a Human Frontiers Career Development Award, the National Prize of Physics, the Young Investigator Prize of "College de France," the IBM Scalable Data Analytics Award and is a scholar of the James S. McDonnell Foundation. In 2016 he was made a Laureate of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences.
In The Secret Life of the Mind, Sigman's ambition is to explain the mind so that we can understand ourselves and others more deeply. He shows how we form ideas during our first days of life, how we give shape to our fundamental decisions, how we dream and imagine, why we feel certain emotions, how the brain transforms and how who we are changes with it. Spanning biology, physics, mathematics, psychology, anthropology, linguistics, philosophy and medicine, as well as gastronomy, magic, music, chess, literature and art, The Secret Life of the Mind revolutionizes how neuroscience serves us in our lives, revealing how the infinity of neurons inside our brains manufacture how we perceive, reason, feel, dream and communicate.
Mariano Sigman | Speaker | TED.com
Dan Ariely - Behavioral economist
The dismal science of economics is not as firmly grounded in actual behavior as was once supposed. In "Predictably Irrational," Dan Ariely told us why.
Why you should listen
Dan Ariely is a professor of psychology and behavioral economics at Duke University and a founding member of the Center for Advanced Hindsight. He is the author of the bestsellers Predictably Irrational, The Upside of Irrationality, and The Honest Truth About Dishonesty -- as well as the TED Book Payoff: The Hidden Logic that Shapes Our Motivations.
Through his research and his (often amusing and unorthodox) experiments, he questions the forces that influence human behavior and the irrational ways in which we often all behave.
Dan Ariely | Speaker | TED.com