TEDxBoston 2011
Jay Bradner: Open-source cancer research
Jay Bradner: Investigación para o cancro de código aberto.
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Como sabe o cancro que é cancro? No laboratorio de Jay Bradner atoparon unha molécula que podería respostar a isto, a JQ1. Pero en troques de patentala, publicaron os seus achados e enviaron mostras a outros 40 laboratorios para que puidesen traballar con ela. Unha ollada inspiradora sobre a futura investigación médica en base ao código-aberto.
Jay Bradner - Research scientist
In his lab, Jay Bradner, a researcher at Harvard and Dana Farber in Boston, works on a breakthrough approach for subverting cancer .. and he’s giving the secret away. Full bio
In his lab, Jay Bradner, a researcher at Harvard and Dana Farber in Boston, works on a breakthrough approach for subverting cancer .. and he’s giving the secret away. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:15
I moved to Boston 10 years ago, from Chicago,
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Mudeime de Chicago a Boston hai 10 anos,
00:19
with an interest in cancer and in chemistry.
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interesado no cancro e na química.
00:22
You might know that chemistry is the science of making molecules --
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Pode que xa saibades que a química é a ciencia que fabrica moléculas,
00:25
or to my taste, new drugs for cancer.
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ou no meu caso, novos fármacos para o cancro.
00:29
And you might also know that, for science and medicine,
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E pode que tamén saibades, que para a ciencia e a medicina,
00:32
Boston is a bit of a candy store.
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Boston é coma unha tenda de lambetadas.
00:35
You can't roll a stop sign in Cambridge
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Non podes pasar un stop en Cambridge
00:38
without hitting a graduate student.
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sen dar cun estudante universitario.
00:40
The bar is called the Miracle of Science.
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Ó bar chámanlle "o milagre da ciencia".
00:42
The billboards say "Lab Space Available."
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A maioría dos anuncios falan de "Laboratorios dispoñibles".
00:46
And it's fair to say that in these 10 years,
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E poderiamos dicir que dende hai uns 10 anos
00:48
we've witnessed absolutely the start
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estamos a presenciar a comezo
00:51
of a scientific revolution -- that of genome medicine.
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dunha revolución científica: a medicina xenómica.
00:54
We know more about the patients that enter our clinic now
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Sabemos máis dos pacientes que entran nas nosas clínicas
00:56
than ever before.
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do que nunca soubemos.
00:58
And we're able, finally, to answer the question
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E podemos, por fin, responder á pregunta
01:00
that's been so pressing for so many years:
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que nos ten urxido durante tantos anos:
01:03
why do I have cancer?
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por que temos cancro?
01:06
This information is also pretty staggering.
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Esta información é bastante sorprendente.
01:08
You might know that,
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Pode que xa saibades que,
01:10
so far in just the dawn of this revolution,
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por agora, nos comezos desta revolución,
01:12
we know that there are perhaps 40,000 unique mutations
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sabemos que hai coma unhas 40.000 mutacións
01:15
affecting more than 10,000 genes,
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que afectan a máis de 10.000 xenes;
01:18
and that there are 500 of these genes
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e que 500 deses xenes,
01:20
that are bona-fide drivers,
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dan lugar a cancros,
01:22
causes of cancer.
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de forma contrastada.
01:24
Yet comparatively,
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Pero en cambio,
01:26
we have about a dozen targeted medications.
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temos coma unha ducia de medicamentos dirixidos.
01:29
And this inadequacy of cancer medicine
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E esta falta de eficiencia no tratamento do cancro
01:32
really hit home when my father was diagnosed
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afectoume moito cando lle diagnosticaron
01:34
with pancreatic cancer.
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cancro de páncreas ó meu pai.
01:37
We didn't fly him to Boston.
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Non o trouxemos a Boston.
01:39
We didn't sequence his genome.
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Nin secuenciamos o seu xenoma.
01:41
It's been known for decades
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Hai décadas que se sabe
01:43
what causes this malignancy.
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que é o que causa estes tumores.
01:45
It's three proteins --
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Son tres proteínas:
01:47
Ras, Myc and P53.
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Ras, MIC e p53.
01:50
This is old information we've known since about the 80s,
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Sabemos esta información xa dende os anos 70,
01:53
yet there's no medicine I can prescribe
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pero aínda non se pode recetar unha menciña
01:55
to a patient with this
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a un paciente con este
01:57
or any of the numerous solid tumors
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ou calquera dos outros tumores
01:59
caused by these three horsemen
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que causan estes tres xinetes
02:01
of the apocalypse that is cancer.
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do apocalipsis que chamamos cancro.
02:04
There's no Ras, no Myc, no P53 drug.
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Non hai tratamento para a Ras, MIC ou p53.
02:07
And you might fairly ask: why is that?
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E con toda razón vos preguntaredes: por que?
02:09
And the very unsatisfying, yet scientific, answer
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A resposta, científica, pero non por iso menos decepcionante
02:12
is it's too hard.
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é que é moi difícil.
02:14
That for whatever reason,
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Por algunha razón
02:16
these three proteins have entered a space in the language of our field
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estas tres proteínas están nunha área do campo científico
02:19
that's called the undruggable genome --
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que chamamos "o xenoma intratable".
02:21
which is like calling a computer unsurfable
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Que é como chamar a un ordenador inexplorable,
02:23
or the Moon unwalkable.
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ou á lúa impaseable.
02:25
It's a horrible term of trade.
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Vaia, un estarrecedor termo do gremio.
02:27
But what it means
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O que significa
02:29
is that we fail to identify a greasy pocket in these proteins,
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é que non damos atopado ningún buraco nestas proteínas
02:31
into which we, like molecular locksmiths,
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no que poder, coma se fósemos cerralleiros,
02:34
can fashion an active, small, organic molecule
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introducir algunha pequena molécula ou substancia
02:37
or drug substance.
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orgánica activa.
02:39
Now as I was training in clinical medicine
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Namentres estudaba medicina clínica,
02:41
and hematology and oncology
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hematoloxía e oncoloxía,
02:43
and stem cell transplantation,
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e transplantes con células nai,
02:45
what we had instead,
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o que atopábamos en troques
02:47
cascading through the regulatory network at the FDA,
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no Regulamento da Axencia de Drogas e Alimentos
02:50
were these substances --
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eran estas substancias:
02:52
arsenic, thalidomide
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arsénico, talidomida
02:54
and this chemical derivative
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e este derivado químico
02:56
of nitrogen mustard gas.
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do gas mostaza nitroxenado.
02:58
And this is the 21st century.
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E isto é o século XXI.
03:01
And so, I guess you'd say, dissatisfied
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E así, como vostedes dirían, insatisfeito
03:03
with the performance and quality of these medicines,
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co rendemento e calidade destes medicamentos,
03:05
I went back to school in chemistry
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volvín a estudar químicas.
03:08
with the idea
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Pensaba que
03:10
that perhaps by learning the trade of discovery chemistry
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quizais aprendendo o oficio dos descubrimentos químicos
03:13
and approaching it in the context of this brave new world
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e dende o contexto deste novo e descoñecido mundo
03:16
of the open-source,
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que é o do código aberto,
03:18
the crowd-source,
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o código-compartido,
03:20
the collaborative network that we have access to within academia,
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a rede colaborativa á que temos acceso no ámbito académico,
03:23
that we might more quickly
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quizais atopariamos terapias
03:25
bring powerful and targeted therapies
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máis potentes e dirixidas ós pacientes
03:27
to our patients.
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con máis rapidez.
03:29
And so please consider this a work in progress,
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Entendede que aínda é un proxecto en curso,
03:32
but I'd like to tell you today a story
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pero gustaríame contarvos unha historia
03:34
about a very rare cancer
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sobre un cancro pouco común,
03:36
called midline carcinoma,
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o das estruturas da liña media,
03:38
about the protein target,
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sobre o transporte de proteínas,
03:40
the undruggable protein target that causes this cancer,
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o transporte de proteínas intratable que causan este cancro,
03:42
called BRD4,
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chamadas BRD4,
03:44
and about a molecule
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e sobre unha molécla
03:46
developed at my lab at Dana Farber Cancer Institute
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elaborada no meu laboratorio no Instituto para o Cancro Dana Farber
03:48
called JQ1, which we affectionately named for Jun Qi,
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chamada JQ1, chamada así por Jun Qi,
03:51
the chemist that made this molecule.
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o químico que a fabricou.
03:54
Now BRD4 is an interesting protein.
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A BRD4 é unha proteína interesante.
03:57
You might ask yourself, with all the things cancer's trying to do to kill our patient,
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Quizais vos preguntedes, con todo o que fai o cancro para tratar de matar ós pacientes,
04:00
how does it remember it's cancer?
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como se acorda de que é un cancro?
04:02
When it winds up its genome,
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Cando enrola o seu xenoma,
04:04
divides into two cells and unwinds again,
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se divide en dúas células e se desenrola de novo,
04:06
why does it not turn into an eye, into a liver,
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por que non se convirte nun ollo, ou nun fígado?
04:08
as it has all the genes necessary to do this?
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Ten os xenes necesarios para facelo.
04:11
It remembers that it's cancer.
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Pero sempre lembra que é un cancro.
04:13
And the reason is that cancer, like every cell in the body,
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A razón é que o cancro, igual ca outras células do corpo,
04:16
places little molecular bookmarks,
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coloca unhas pequenas marcas moleculares,
04:18
little Post-it notes,
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coma un Post-it,
04:20
that remind the cell "I'm cancer; I should keep growing."
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que lle recorda: "Son un cancro, teño que seguir crecendo."
04:23
And those Post-it notes
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E estas notas inclúen
04:25
involve this and other proteins of its class --
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esa e outras proteínas do mesmo tipo;
04:27
so-called bromodomains.
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os chamados bromodominios.
04:29
So we developed an idea, a rationale,
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Nós elaboramos unha idea, unha base lóxica:
04:32
that perhaps, if we made a molecule
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quizais se fabricásemos unha molécula
04:34
that prevented the Post-it note from sticking
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que previse que se pegase esa nota
04:36
by entering into the little pocket
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entrando no buratiño
04:38
at the base of this spinning protein,
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da base desta proteína xiratoria,
04:40
then maybe we could convince cancer cells,
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quizais poderiamos convencer as células canceríxenas,
04:42
certainly those addicted to this BRD4 protein,
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a esas adictas ás proteínas BRD4,
04:45
that they're not cancer.
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de que non son un cancro.
04:47
And so we started to work on this problem.
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Así comezamos a traballar neste problema.
04:49
We developed libraries of compounds
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Elaboramos unha cantidade importante de compostos
04:51
and eventually arrived at this and similar substances
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e finalmente chegamos á JQ1 e outras
04:54
called JQ1.
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substancias similares.
04:56
Now not being a drug company,
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Como non somos unha famacéutica,
04:58
we could do certain things, we had certain flexibilities,
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tiñamos varias opcións, tiñamos flexibilidade,
05:01
that I respect that a pharmaceutical industry doesn't have.
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que entendo que a industria farmacéutica non ten.
05:04
We just started mailing it to our friends.
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Así que enviamos a JQ1 ós nosos amigos.
05:06
I have a small lab.
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Eu teño un pequeno laboratorio.
05:08
We thought we'd just send it to people and see how the molecule behaves.
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Así que pensamos enviala e ver cómo se comportaba a molécula.
05:10
And we sent it to Oxford, England
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Mandámola a Oxford, en Inglaterra,
05:12
where a group of talented crystallographers provided this picture,
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onde un grupo de destacados cristalógrafos xeraron esta imaxe,
05:15
which helped us understand
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que nos axudou a comprender
05:17
exactly how this molecule is so potent for this protein target.
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como a molécula era tan útil para transporte de proteínas.
05:20
It's what we call a perfect fit
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É o que chamamos un axuste perfecto,
05:22
of shape complimentarity, or hand in glove.
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unha forma complementaria, un feito a medida.
05:24
Now this is a very rare cancer,
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Este cancro é moi pouco común,
05:26
this BRD4-addicted cancer.
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este cancro adicto á BRD4
05:28
And so we worked with samples of material
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Traballamos entón con mostras de material
05:31
that were collected by young pathologists at Brigham Women's Hospital.
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recollido por patólogos novos do Hospital Brigham para mulleres.
05:34
And as we treated these cells with this molecule,
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E namentres tratabamos estas células coa molécula,
05:37
we observed something really striking.
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observamos algo moi asombroso.
05:39
The cancer cells,
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As células canceríxenas,
05:41
small, round and rapidly dividing,
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pequenas, redondas, que se dividen rápido,
05:43
grew these arms and extensions.
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facían uns brazos e prolongacións.
05:45
They were changing shape.
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Estaban a cambiar de forma.
05:47
In effect, the cancer cell
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De feito, a célula canceríxena
05:49
was forgetting it was cancer
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estaba esquecendo que era un cancro
05:51
and becoming a normal cell.
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e convertíase nunha célula normal.
05:54
This got us very excited.
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Estabamos entusiasmados.
05:57
The next step would be to put this molecule into mice.
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O seguinte paso era inocular a molécula en ratos.
06:00
The only problem was there's no mouse model of this rare cancer.
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Pero non hai modelos deste tipo de cancro para ratos.
06:03
And so at the time that we were doing this research,
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Mentras levabamos a cabo esta investigación,
06:06
I was caring for a 29 year-old firefighter from Connecticut
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eu estaba tratando a un bombeiro de 29 anos
06:09
who was very much at the end of life
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que estaba case no final da súa vida
06:12
with this incurable cancer.
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a causa deste tipo de cancro.
06:14
This BRD4-addicted cancer
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Este cancro adicto á BRD4
06:16
was growing throughout his left lung,
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estaba crecendo no seu pulmón esquerdo.
06:18
and he had a chest tube in that was draining little bits of debris.
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Tiña un tubo torácico que drenaba pequenos restos do cancro
06:20
And every nursing shift
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que se tiraban
06:22
we would throw this material out.
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en cada quenda das enfermeiras.
06:24
And so we approached this patient
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Así que nos achegamos a este paciente
06:26
and asked if he would collaborate with us.
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e lle pedimos que colaborase con nós.
06:28
Could we take this precious and rare cancerous material
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Queriamos coller ese material canceríxeno raro e valioso
06:32
from this chest tube
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do tubo torácico,
06:34
and drive it across town and put it into mice
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levalo ó laboratorio e inxectárlleo ós ratos
06:36
and try to do a clinical trial
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para tratar de facer un ensaio clínico
06:38
and stage it with a prototype drug?
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e probar o prototipo de tratamento.
06:40
Well that would be impossible and, rightly, illegal to do in humans.
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Sería imposible e, a dicir verdade, ilegal facelo en persoas.
06:43
And he obliged us.
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Axudounos.
06:46
At the Lurie Family Center for Animal Imaging,
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E no Centro de Imaxe da Familia Lurie,
06:48
my colleague, Andrew Kung, grew this cancer successfully in mice
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o meu compañeiro Andrew Kung fixo crecer con éxito
06:51
without ever touching plastic.
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este cancro nos ratos.
06:53
And you can see this PET scan of a mouse -- what we call a pet PET.
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Podedes ver nesta tomografía de positróns dun rato
06:56
The cancer is growing
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como crece o cancro,
06:58
as this red, huge mass in the hind limb of this animal.
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esa masa grande e vermella nas patas traseiras do animal.
07:01
And as we treat it with our compound,
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Cando o tratamos co noso composto,
07:03
this addiction to sugar,
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a adicción,
07:05
this rapid growth, faded.
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o crecemento, parou.
07:07
And on the animal on the right,
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No animal da dereita
07:09
you see that the cancer was responding.
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vese como respondeu o cancro.
07:12
We've completed now clinical trials
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Xa completamos ensaios clínicos
07:14
in four mouse models of this disease.
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en ratos con catro modelos da enfermidade
07:16
And every time, we see the same thing.
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e sempre obtemos o mesmo resultado:
07:18
The mice with this cancer that get the drug live,
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os ratos ós que inxectamos o fármaco sobreviven;
07:20
and the ones that don't rapidly perish.
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os outros morren con rapidez.
07:25
So we started to wonder,
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Comezamos entón a preguntarnos
07:27
what would a drug company do at this point?
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que faría unha farmacéutica no noso caso.
07:29
Well they probably would keep this a secret
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Seguramente o manterían en segredo
07:31
until they turn a prototype drug
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ata obter un principio activo
07:33
into an active pharmaceutical substance.
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a partir do prototipo.
07:35
And so we did just the opposite.
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Pero nós fixemos o contrario.
07:37
We published a paper
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Publicamos un artigo
07:39
that described this finding
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que describía os achados
07:41
at the earliest prototype stage.
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na fase do prototipo.
07:43
We gave the world the chemical identity of this molecule,
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Demos ó mundo a fórmula química da molécula,
07:46
typically a secret in our discipline.
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o que sería xeralmente un segredo na nosa especialidade.
07:48
We told people exactly how to make it.
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Explicamos con exactitude cómo fabricala,
07:50
We gave them our email address,
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e proporcionamos a nosa dirección
07:52
suggesting that, if they write us,
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ofrecéndonos a enviar unha molécula
07:54
we'll send them a free molecule.
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de forma gratuita se nola pedían.
07:56
We basically tried to create
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Basicamente tratamos de crear
07:58
the most competitive environment for our lab as possible.
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un entorno cooperativo para o noso laboratorio o máis competivo posible.
08:00
And this was, unfortunately, successful.
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E tivo éxito, por desgracia.
08:02
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
08:04
Because now when we've shared this molecule,
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Porque agora que xa compartimos a molécula,
08:06
just since December of last year,
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en decembro do ano pasado,
08:08
with 40 laboratories in the United States
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con 40 laboratorios nos EEUU
08:10
and 30 more in Europe --
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e outros 30 en Europa,
08:12
many of them pharmaceutical companies
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moitos deles de empresas farmacéuticas
08:14
seeking now to enter this space,
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procuran agora entrar neste espazo,
08:16
to target this rare cancer
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en investigar sobre este cancro;
08:18
that, thankfully right now,
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agora, por fortuna,
08:20
is quite desirable to study in that industry.
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resulta interesante tratar o tema na industria.
08:24
But the science that's coming back from all of these laboratories
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Pero a ciencia que retorna de todos eses laboratorios
08:27
about the use of this molecule
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sobre o uso da molécula
08:29
has provided us insights
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proporcionounos ideas
08:31
that we might not have had on our own.
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que por nós mesmos nos obteriamos.
08:33
Leukemia cells treated with this compound
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As células con leucemia que se tratan con ela
08:35
turn into normal white blood cells.
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vólvense glóbulos brancos normais.
08:38
Mice with multiple myeloma,
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Os ratos con mielomas múltiples,
08:40
an incurable malignancy of the bone marrow,
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unha enfermidade incurable da médula ósea,
08:43
respond dramatically
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responden de forma espectacular
08:45
to the treatment with this drug.
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ó tratamento con este fármaco.
08:47
You might know that fat has memory.
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Pode que saibades que a graxa ten memoria.
08:49
Nice to be able to demonstrate that for you.
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É interesante poder demostralo.
08:53
And in fact, this molecule
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E de feito, esta molécula
08:55
prevents this adipocyte, this fat stem cell,
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evita que eses adipocitos, esas células nai graxas,
08:58
from remembering how to make fat
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recorden como facer graxa.
09:01
such that mice on a high fat diet,
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Así, ratos cunha dieta con moita graxa,
09:03
like the folks in my hometown of Chicago,
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coma a da xente do meu pobo natal,
09:06
fail to develop fatty liver,
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non acaban cun fígado graxo,
09:08
which is a major medical problem.
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un problema médico bastante grave.
09:11
What this research taught us --
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O que este estudo nos ensinou;
09:13
not just my lab, but our institute,
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non só ó meu laboratorio, senón tamén
09:15
and Harvard Medical School more generally --
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ó noso instituto e á Facultade de Medicina de Harvard;
09:17
is that we have unique resources in academia
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é que no ámbito académico temos recursos excepcionais
09:19
for drug discovery --
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para descubrir fármacos,
09:21
that our center
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que o noso centro
09:23
that has tested perhaps more cancer molecules in a scientific way
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que ten feito máis probas ca ningún outro con moléculas
09:25
than any other,
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relacionadas con cancro,
09:27
never made one of its own.
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nunca fixo ningunha en solitario.
09:29
For all the reasons you see listed here,
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Por todo o que temos dito ata agora,
09:31
we think there's a great opportunity for academic centers
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pensamos que é unha boa oportunidade para que os centros académicos
09:34
to participate in this earliest, conceptually-tricky
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participen nesta disciplina, nova, creativa
09:37
and creative discipline
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e conceptualmente complicada,
09:40
of prototype drug discovery.
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que é a descuberta de prototipos farmacéuticos.
09:44
So what next?
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E agora que?
09:46
We have this molecule, but it's not a pill yet.
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Temos unha molécula, pero non pílulas.
09:48
It's not orally available.
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Non hai unha forma de toma oral.
09:51
We need to fix it, so that we can deliver it to our patients.
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Temos que conseguir que chegue ós pacientes.
09:54
And everyone in the lab,
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Todos no laboratorio,
09:56
especially following the interaction with these patients,
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especialmente os que máis interaccionan cos pacientes,
09:58
feels quite compelled
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séntense bastente obrigados
10:00
to deliver a drug substance based on this molecule.
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a produciren un fármaco a partir desta molécula.
10:02
It's here where I have to say
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Agora é cando
10:04
that we could use your help and your insights,
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pido a vosa colaboración,
10:06
your collaborative participation.
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axuda e ideas.
10:08
Unlike a drug company,
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A diferenza dunha empresa farmacéutica,
10:10
we don't have a pipeline that we can deposit these molecules into.
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non temos unha liña de distribución onde colocar as moléculas.
10:13
We don't have a team of salespeople and marketeers
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Non temos un equipo de vendedores e comerciantes
10:16
that can tell us how to position this drug against the other.
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que nos digan como colocar o fármaco fronte ó resto.
10:19
What we do have is the flexibility of an academic center
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O que si temos é a flexibilidade de ser un centro académico,
10:21
to work with competent, motivated,
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onde traballa xente competente, motivada e
10:24
enthusiastic, hopefully well-funded people
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entusiasta, e esperamos que con fondos,
10:27
to carry these molecules forward into the clinic
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para levarmos estas moléculas cara o paso clínico
10:29
while preserving our ability
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á vez que preservan a nosa capacidade
10:31
to share the prototype drug worldwide.
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para compartir o prototipo co resto do mundo.
10:34
This molecule will soon leave our benches
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A molécula pronto deixará o noso laboratorio
10:36
and go into a small startup company
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para trasladarse a unha nova pequena compañía
10:38
called Tensha Therapeutics.
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chamada Tensha Therapeutics.
10:40
And really this is the fourth of these molecules
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En realidade é a cuarta destas moléculas
10:43
to kind of graduate from our little pipeline of drug discovery,
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que se "gradúa" no noso laboratorio de descubrimentos.
10:46
two of which -- a topical drug
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Dúas delas, un fármaco tópico
10:49
for lymphoma of the skin,
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para o linfoma de pel,
10:52
an oral substance for the treatment of multiple myeloma --
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unha substancia oral para tratar o mieloma múltiple,
10:55
will actually come to the bedside
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están a piques de comezar
10:57
for first clinical trial in July of this year.
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o seu primeiro ensaio clínico, en xullo deste ano.
10:59
For us, a major and exciting milestone.
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Para nós é un gran e estimulante fito.
11:03
I want to leave you with just two ideas.
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Quero deixarvos dúas ideas.
11:05
The first is
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En primeiro lugar,
11:07
if anything is unique about this research,
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o excepcional da nosa investigación:
11:10
it's less the science than the strategy --
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non foi tanto a ciencia, senón a estratexia;
11:12
that this for us was a social experiment,
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isto foi para nós un experimento social.
11:14
an experiment in what would happen
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Queriamos comprobar que pasaría
11:17
if we were as open and honest
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se fósemos tan abertos e honestos
11:20
at the earliest phase of discovery chemistry research
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nas primeiras fases da investigación química
11:22
as we could be.
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como puidésemos.
11:24
This string of letters and numbers
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Esta cadea de letras, números,
11:26
and symbols and parentheses
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símbolos e parénteses
11:28
that can be texted, I suppose,
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que se pode mandar nun SMS,
11:30
or Twittered worldwide,
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ou twittear mundialmente,
11:32
is the chemical identity of our pro compound.
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é a fórmula química do noso composto.
11:35
It's the information that we most need
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É a información que precisamos
11:37
from pharmaceutical companies,
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das compañías farmacéuticas,
11:39
the information
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a información
11:41
on how these early prototype drugs might work.
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de cómo estes prototipos poderían funcionar.
11:44
Yet this information is largely a secret.
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Pero esta información é xeralmente secreta.
11:47
And so we seek really
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Así que nós esperamos
11:49
to download from the amazing successes
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sacar partido dos abraiantes éxitos
11:51
of the computer science industry two principles:
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da industria científica informática, dous principios:
11:54
that of opensource and that of crowdsourcing
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o código aberto e o "crowdsourcing",
11:57
to quickly, responsibly
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para acelerar de maneira
12:01
accelerate the delivery of targeted therapeutics
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responsable e rápida o acceso dos pacientes
12:04
to patients with cancer.
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ás terapias dirixidas.
12:06
Now the business model involves all of you.
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Agora o modelo empresarial inclúevos a todos vós.
12:09
This research is funded by the public.
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Esta investigación finánciaa o público.
12:11
It's funded by foundations.
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Finánciana fundacións.
12:13
And one thing I've learned in Boston
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E unha cousa que aprendín en Boston
12:15
is that you people will do anything for cancer -- and I love that.
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é que a xente de aquí faría calquera cousa polo cancro, e é algo que adoro.
12:17
You bike across the state. You walk up and down the river.
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Recorrer o estado en bicicleta, subir e baixar o río...
12:20
(Laughter)
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(Risos)
12:22
I've never seen really anywhere
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En ningunha outra parte teño visto
12:24
this unique support
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un apoio semellante
12:26
for cancer research.
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para o estudo do cancro.
12:28
And so I want to thank you
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Así que quero dárvos as grazas
12:30
for your participation, your collaboration
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pola vosa participación, colaboración
12:33
and most of all for your confidence in our ideas.
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e sobre todo pola vosa confianza nas nosas ideas.
12:36
(Applause)
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(Aplausos)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Jay Bradner - Research scientistIn his lab, Jay Bradner, a researcher at Harvard and Dana Farber in Boston, works on a breakthrough approach for subverting cancer .. and he’s giving the secret away.
Why you should listen
A doctor and a chemist, Jay Bradner hunts for new approaches to solving cancer. As a research scientist and instructor in medicine at Harvard and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, he and his lab are working to subvert cancer's aggressive behavior by reprogramming the cell's fundamental identity. A molecule they're working on, JQ1, might do just that. (And he’s giving it away in order to spur faster open-source drug discovery.) If you're a researcher who'd like a sample of the JQ1 molecule, contact the Bradner Lab.
Jay Bradner | Speaker | TED.com