TEDGlobal 2011
Ben Kacyra: Ancient wonders captured in 3D
Ben Kacyra: Drevna čuda zabilježena 3D tehnologijom
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Antički spomenici daju nam tragove o zadivljujućim civilizacijama prošlosti -- no prijete im zagađenje, ratovi, zanemarivanje. Ben Kacyra, koji je izumio revolucionarni 3D sustav za skeniranje koristi svoj izum kako bi skenirao i sačuvao naslijeđe svijeta u arhiviranim detaljima. (Pogledajte do kraja kako biste vidjeli malenu demo snimku.)
Ben Kacyra - Digital preservationist
Ben Kacyra uses state-of-the-art technology to preserve cultural heritage sites and let us in on their secrets in a way never before possible. Full bio
Ben Kacyra uses state-of-the-art technology to preserve cultural heritage sites and let us in on their secrets in a way never before possible. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:16
I'd like to start with a short story.
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Volio bih početi s kratkom pričom.
00:20
It's about a little boy
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Priča je o malom dječaku
00:22
whose father was a history buff
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čiji je otac bio zaljubljenik u povijest
00:27
and who used to take him by the hand
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koji bi uzeo sina za ruku i poveo ga
00:29
to visit the ruins of an ancient metropolis
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u posjet ruševinama drevnog metropolisa
00:33
on the outskirts of their camp.
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na rubovima njihovog logora.
00:36
They would always stop by to visit
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Uvijek bi se zaustavili da posjete
00:39
these huge winged bulls that used to guard
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velike krilate bikove koji su čuvali
00:42
the gates of that ancient metropolis,
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kapiju te drevne metropole,
00:44
and the boy used to be scared
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i dječak se plašio
00:46
of these winged bulls,
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tih krilatih bikova,
00:48
but at the same time they excited him.
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ali su ga istodobno i uzbuđivali.
00:50
And the dad used to use those bulls
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Otac je koristio te bikove
00:52
to tell the boy stories about
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da ispriča dječaku priče
00:54
that civilization and their work.
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o toj civilizaciji i njihovim djelima.
00:58
Let's fast-forward to the
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Premotajmo brzo
01:01
San Francisco Bay Area many decades later,
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u zaljev San Francisca mnogo desetljeća kasnije,
01:04
where I started a technology company
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gdje sam osnovao tehnološku kompaniju
01:07
that brought the world its first
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koja je svijetu dala prvi
01:10
3D laser scanning system.
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sustav za 3D lasersko skeniranje.
01:12
Let me show you how it works.
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Pokazat ću vam kako to radi.
01:14
Female Voice: Long range laser scanning
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Ženski glas: Lasersko skeniranje dalekog dometa
01:16
by sending out a pulse that's a laser beam of light.
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slanjem pulsa koji je laserska zraka svjetlosti.
01:19
The system measures the beam's time of flight,
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Sustav mjeri vrijeme putovanja zrake,
01:21
recording the time it takes for the light
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bilježi vrijeme potrebno svjetlu
01:23
to hit a surface and make its return.
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da pogodi površinu i vrati se.
01:26
With two mirrors, the scanner calculates
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S dva zrcala, skener računa
01:28
the beam's horizontal and vertical angles,
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vodoravne i okomite kutove zrake,
01:31
giving accurate x, y, and z coordinates.
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i daje točne koordinate x, y i z.
01:34
The point is then recorded
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Točka se zatim bilježi
01:36
into a 3D visualization program.
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u programu za 3D vizualizaciju.
01:41
All of this happens in seconds.
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Sve se ovo događa u sekundama.
01:46
Ben Kacyra: You can see here,
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Ben Kacyra: Ovdje možete vidjeti,
01:48
these systems are extremely fast.
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ovaj sustav je vrlo brz.
01:51
They collect millions of points at a time
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Istovremeno bilježi milijune točaka
01:54
with very high accuracy
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s vrlo visokom preciznošću
01:56
and very high resolution.
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i vrlo visokom rezolucijom.
01:58
A surveyor with traditional survey tools
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Tragač s tradicionalnim alatima za pretragu
02:01
would be hard-pressed to produce
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bi vrlo teško zabilježio
02:03
maybe 500 points in a whole day.
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500 točaka za cijeli dan.
02:06
These babies would be producing
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Ove bebice proizvode
02:09
something like ten thousand points a second.
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nešto kao deset tisuća točaka u sekundi.
02:12
So, as you can imagine,
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Kao što možete zamisliti,
02:14
this was a paradigm shift
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ovo je bio pomak paradigme
02:17
in the survey and construction
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u traganju i graditeljstvu,
02:19
as well as in reality capture industry.
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kao i u industriji bilježenja stvarnosti.
02:26
Approximately ten years ago,
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Prije približno 10 godina,
02:29
my wife and I started a foundation to do good,
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supruga i ja smo osnovali humanitarnu fondaciju,
02:32
and right about that time,
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i, nekako u to vrijeme,
02:34
the magnificent Bamiyan Buddhas,
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veličanstvene bamijske spomenike Buddhe,
02:37
hundred and eighty foot tall in Afghanistan,
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visoke 60 metara,
02:40
were blown up by the Taliban.
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Talibani su digli u zrak u Afganistanu.
02:43
They were gone in an instant.
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Nestali su u trenu.
02:45
And unfortunately, there was
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Nažalost, nije postojala
02:47
no detailed documentation of these Buddhas.
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detaljna dokumentacija tih Buddha.
02:49
This clearly devastated me,
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To me je, naravno, potreslo,
02:51
and I couldn't help but wonder about
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i nisam mogao a da ne razmišljam
02:53
the fate of my old friends, the winged bulls,
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o sudbini mojih starih drugova, krilatih bikova,
02:56
and the fate of the many, many
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i o sudbini mnogih
02:59
heritage sites all over the world.
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područja s kulturnom baštinom po svijetu.
03:02
Both my wife and I
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I supruga i ja
03:04
were so touched by this
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smo bili toliko dirnuti ovime
03:06
that we decided to
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da smo odlučili proširiti
03:08
expand the mission of our foundation
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zadaću naše fondacije
03:11
to include digital heritage preservation
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i uključiti digitalno očuvanje baštine
03:15
of world sites.
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takvih područja u svijetu.
03:17
We called the project CyArk,
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Projekt smo nazvali CyArk,
03:20
which stands for Cyber Archive.
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što znači kibernetski arhiv.
03:22
To date, with the help of
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Do danas, uz pomoć
03:24
a global network of partners,
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globalne mreže suradnika,
03:27
we've completed close to fifty projects.
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završili smo blizu pedeset projekata.
03:29
Let me show you some of them:
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Pokazat ću vam neke od njih:
03:31
Chichen Itza,
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Chichen Itza,
03:33
Rapa Nui --
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Rapa Nui --
03:35
and what you're seeing here
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a ovo što tu vidite
03:37
are the cloud of points --
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ovaj oblak točaka --
03:39
Babylon,
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Babylon,
03:41
Rosslyn Chapel,
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kapela Rosslyn,
03:43
Pompeii,
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Pompeii,
03:45
and our latest project, Mt. Rushmore,
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i naš posljednji projekt, Mt. Rushmore,
03:47
which happened to be one of
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koji se pokazao kao jedan od
03:49
our most challenging projects.
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najzahtjevnijih projekata.
03:51
As you see here, we had to develop
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Kao što vidite, morali smo razviti
03:53
a special rig to bring the scanner
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specijalni nosač kako bismo skener
03:56
up close and personal.
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primaknuli blizu.
03:59
The results of our work in the field
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Rezultati našeg terenskog rada
04:02
are used to produce
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koriste se u proizvodnji
04:04
media and deliverables to be used
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medija i objekata koje rabe
04:06
by conservators and researchers.
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konzervatori i istraživači.
04:09
We also produce media for
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Proizvodimo i medije za
04:13
dissemination to the public --
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distribuciju u javnosti --
04:16
free through the CyArk website.
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besplatni su putem CyArk stranica.
04:19
These would be used for education,
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Oni su korisni za obrazovanje,
04:22
cultural tourism, etc.
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kulturni turizam, itd.
04:24
What you're looking at in here
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Ono što ovdje gledate
04:26
is a 3D viewer that we developed
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je 3D preglednik koji smo razvili
04:29
that would allow the display
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a koji omogućava prikaz
04:31
and manipulation of [the] cloud of points
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i manipulaciju oblaka točaka
04:33
in real time, cutting sections through them
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u stvarnom vremenu, koji izvlači sekcije
04:36
and extracting dimensions.
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i izračunava dimenzije.
04:38
This happens to be the cloud of points
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Ovo je oblak točaka
04:40
for Tikal.
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za Tikal.
04:41
In here you see a traditional 2D
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Ovdje vidite tradicionalni 2D
04:43
architectural engineering drawing
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arhitektonsko inženjerski nacrt
04:45
that's used for preservation, and of course
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koji se koristi za očuvanje, i, naravno,
04:48
we tell the stories through fly-throughs.
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pričamo priče pomoću preleta.
04:51
And here, this is a fly-through
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Ovdje imamo prelet
04:53
the cloud of points of Tikal,
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kroz oblak točaka Tikala,
04:55
and here you see it rendered
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a ovdje je to renderirano
04:58
and photo-textured with the photography
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i foto-teksturirano pomoću fotografija
05:00
that we take of the site.
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koje smo snimili na licu mjesta.
05:03
And so this is not a video.
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Znači, ovo nije video.
05:05
This is actual 3D points with
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Ovo je prikaz 3D točaka
05:07
two to three millimeter accuracy.
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s točnošću od dva do tri milimetra.
05:11
And of course the data can be used
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Naravno, podaci se mogu koristiti
05:13
to develop 3D models that are
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za razvijanje 3D modela koji su
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very accurate and very detailed.
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vrlo točni i vrlo detaljni.
05:19
And here you're looking at a model
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Ovdje gledate u model
05:21
that's extracted from the cloud of points
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koji je konstruiran iz oblaka točaka
05:23
for Stirling Castle.
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za dvorac Stirling.
05:25
It's used for studies, for visualization,
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Koristi se za proučavanje, za vizualizaciju,
05:28
as well as for education.
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kao i za obrazovanje.
05:31
And finally, we produce mobile apps
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I konačno, proizvodimo i mobilne aplikacije
05:33
that include narrated virtual tools.
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koje uključuju virtualne vodiče s naracijom.
05:37
The more I got involved
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Što sam se više uključivao
05:40
in the heritage field,
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u problematiku kulturne baštine,
05:42
the more it became clear to me
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to mi je postajalo jasnije
05:45
that we are losing the sites
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da gubimo lokalitete
05:48
and the stories faster than we can
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i priče brže nego što ih
05:51
physically preserve them.
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fizički možemo zaštititi.
05:54
Of course, earthquakes
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Naravno, potresi
05:56
and all the natural phenomena --
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i svi prirodni fenomeni --
05:58
floods, tornadoes, etc. --
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poplave, tornadi, itd. --
06:00
take their toll.
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uzimaju danak.
06:03
However, what occurred to me was
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Ipak, ono što mi je palo na pamet
06:06
human-caused destruction, which was
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je uništavanje od strane ljudi na koje
06:08
not only causing a significant portion
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ne samo da otpada značajan udio
06:10
of the destruction, but actually
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već se ono
06:13
it was accelerating.
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i ubrzava.
06:16
This includes arson,
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To uključuje paljevinu,
06:18
urban sprawl,
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širenje gradova,
06:20
acid rain, not to mention
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kisele kiše, da i ne spomenem
06:23
terrorism and wars.
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terorizam i ratove.
06:25
It was getting more and more apparent
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Bilo je sve vidljivije
06:28
that we're fighting a losing battle.
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da se borimo u bici koju gubimo.
06:30
We're losing our sites
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Gubimo naše lokalitete
06:32
and the stories,
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i priče,
06:34
and basically we're losing
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i zapravo gubimo
06:36
a piece -- and a significant piece --
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dio -- značajan dio --
06:38
of our collective memory.
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našeg kolektivnog pamćenja.
06:41
Imagine us as a human race
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Zamislite da mi kao ljudska vrsta
06:43
not knowing where we came from.
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ne znamo odakle smo potekli.
06:47
Luckily, in the last two or three decades,
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Na sreću, u posljednja dva ili tri desetljeća,
06:50
digital technologies have been developing
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razvijaju se digitalne tehnologije
06:53
that have helped us to develop tools
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koje su pomogle da razvijemo alate
06:55
that we've brought to bear
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koje smo donijeli
06:57
in the digital preservation,
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u digitalno očuvanje,
06:59
in our digital preservation war.
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u naš rat za digitalno očuvanje.
07:01
This includes, for example,
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Ti su alati, na primjer,
07:03
the 3D laser scanning systems,
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sustav za 3D lasersko skeniranje,
07:07
ever more powerful personal computers,
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još moćnija osobna računala,
07:10
3D graphics,
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3D grafika,
07:12
high-definition digital photography,
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digitalna fotografija visoke definicije,
07:15
not to mention the Internet.
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da i ne spomenem Internet.
07:18
Because of this accelerated
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Zbog tog ubrzanog
07:20
pace of destruction,
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tempa uništavanja,
07:22
it became clear to us that we needed
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postalo nam je jasno da trebamo
07:24
to challenge ourselves and our partners
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izazvati sebe i svoje suradnike
07:27
to accelerate our work.
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na ubrzanje našeg rada.
07:29
And we created a project
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I stvorili smo projekt
07:31
we call the CyArk 500 Challenge --
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kojeg zovemo CyArk 500 Challenge --
07:34
and that is to digitally preserve
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čiji je cilj digitalno očuvati
07:37
500 World Heritage Sites
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500 lokaliteta svjetske kulturne baštine
07:40
in five years.
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u narednih pet godina.
07:42
We do have the technology
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Imamo tehnologiju
07:44
that's scaleable,
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koja se može prilagoditi veličinom,
07:46
and our network of global partners
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i naša mreža globalnih suradnika
07:50
has been expanding and can be expanded
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se širi i može se širiti
07:53
at a rapid rate,
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brzim tempom,
07:55
so we're comfortable
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pa smo uvjereni
07:57
that this task can be accomplished.
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da možemo izvršiti ovaj zadatak.
08:00
However, to me, the 500 is
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Ipak, za mene je tih 500
08:03
really just the first 500.
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zapravo samo prvih 500.
08:07
In order to sustain our work into the future,
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Kako bismo nastavili naš rad u budućnosti,
08:11
we use technology centers
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koristimo tehno-centre
08:14
where we partner with
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u kojima smo partneri
08:17
local universities and colleges
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lokalnim sveučilištima i fakultetima
08:19
to take the technology to them,
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kako bismo im donijeli tehnologiju,
08:22
whereby they then can help us
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a oni tada nama mogu pomoći
08:25
with digital preservation of their heritage sites,
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u digitalnom očuvanju njihove baštine,
08:28
and at the same time, it gives them
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a istovremeno dobivaju tehnologiju
08:31
the technology to benefit from in the future.
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koja će im koristiti u budućnosti.
08:35
Let me close with another short story.
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Završit ću s još jednom kratkom pričom.
08:39
Two years ago, we were approached
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Prije dvije godine, suradnik
08:41
by a partner of ours to digitally preserve
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nam je predložio da digitalno očuvamo
08:44
an important heritage site,
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važan lokalitet kulturne baštine,
08:46
a UNESCO heritage site in Uganda,
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područje UNESCO-a u Ugandi,
08:49
the Royal Kasubi Tombs.
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kraljevske grobnice Kasubi.
08:52
The work was done successfully in the field,
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Posao je uspješno završen na terenu,
08:55
and the data was archived
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podaci su arhivirani
08:57
and publicly disseminated
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i distribuirani javnosti
08:59
through the CyArk website.
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putem CyArk stranica.
09:02
Last March,
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Prošloga ožujka,
09:04
we received very sad news.
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primili smo vrlo tužne vijesti.
09:07
The Royal Tombs had been destroyed
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Kraljevske su grobnice uništene,
09:10
by suspected arson.
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sumnja se na namjerno podmetnut požar.
09:13
A few days later, we received a call:
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Nekoliko dana kasnije, primili smo poziv:
09:16
"Is the data available
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"Jesu li podaci dostupni
09:19
and can it be used for reconstruction?"
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i mogu li se koristiti za rekonstrukciju?"
09:23
Our answer, of course, was yes.
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Naš je odgovor, naravno, bio: da.
09:28
Let me leave you with a final thought.
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Napustit ću vas s jednom mišlju.
09:31
Our heritage is much more than
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Naša baština je puno više od
09:34
our collective memory --
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našeg zajedničkog pamćenja --
09:36
it's our collective treasure.
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ono je naše zajedničko blago.
09:38
We owe it to our children,
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Dugujemo svojoj djeci,
09:41
our grandchildren and the generations
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unucima i naraštajima
09:43
we will never meet
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koje nikada nećemo upoznati
09:46
to keep it safe
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da je očuvamo
09:48
and to pass it along.
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i proslijedimo dalje.
09:50
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
09:52
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
09:54
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
09:56
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
09:58
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
10:09
Well, I'm staying here because
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No, ovdje sam jer smo vam
10:13
we wanted to demonstrate to you
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željeli demonstrirati
10:16
the power of this technology
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moć ove tehnologije
10:19
and so, while I've been speaking,
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pa smo, dok sam govorio,
10:22
you have been scanned.
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skenirali vas.
10:25
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
10:29
The two wizards that I have
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Dva čarobnjaka koja imam,
10:32
that are behind the curtain
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koji su iza zastora,
10:34
will help me bring
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pomoći će mi da prikažem
10:37
the results on the screen.
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rezultate na ekranu.
10:45
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
10:52
This is all in 3D and of course
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Ovo je sve u 3D i, naravno,
10:55
you can fly through the cloud of points.
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možete letjeti kroz oblak točaka.
10:58
You can look at it from on top,
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Možete ga promatrati s vrha,
11:00
from the ceiling.
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s plafona.
11:02
You can look from different vantage points,
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Možete gledati iz različitih kutova,
11:04
but I'm going to ask Doug to zoom in
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ali ću zamoliti Douga da uveća
11:07
on an individual in the crowd,
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na pojedinca u publici,
11:10
just to show the amount of detail
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samo da vam pokažem količinu detalja
11:13
that we can create.
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koje možemo stvoriti.
11:19
So you have been digitally preserved
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I tako ste digitalno očuvani
11:22
in about four minutes.
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u neke četiri minute.
11:24
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
11:26
I'd like to thank the wizards here.
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Volio bih zahvaliti našim čarobnjacima ovdje.
11:30
We were very lucky to have
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Imali smo sreće da
11:33
two of our partners participate in this:
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dva naša partnera sudjeluju ovdje:
11:37
the Historic Scotland,
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Historic Scotland,
11:39
and the Glasgow School of Art.
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i Glasgow School of Art.
11:42
I'd like to also thank personally
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Također bih osobno htio zahvaliti
11:46
the efforts of David Mitchell,
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Davidu Mitchellu na trudu,
11:50
who is the Director of Conservation
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on je Direktor za očuvanje
11:53
at Historic Scotland.
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pri Historic Scotland.
11:55
David.
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David.
11:57
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
12:02
And Doug Pritchard, who's the Head of
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I Doug Pritchard, koji je Direktor
12:04
Visualization at the Glasgow School of Art.
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vizualizacije pri Glasgow School of Art.
12:07
Let's give them a hand.
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Zaplješćimo im.
12:09
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
12:12
Thank you.
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Hvala vam.
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Ben Kacyra - Digital preservationistBen Kacyra uses state-of-the-art technology to preserve cultural heritage sites and let us in on their secrets in a way never before possible.
Why you should listen
As a child, Ben Kacyra was taken to visit the ruins of the ancient city of Nineveh near his home town of Mosul in Iraq, giving him an abiding appreciation for the value of history. So when the Taliban destroyed the Buddhas of Bamiyan in Afghanistan in 2001, the Iraqi-born civil engineer was dismayed. In 2002, he founded California-based nonprofit CyArk in order to apply a highly accurate, portable laser-scanning technology he’d originally developed for monitoring nuclear power plants and other structures – to preserving the world’s cultural heritage sites, what Kacyra calls “our collective human memory”.
CyArk’s methods are fast and accurate: pulsed lasers generate 3D points of clouds, which render surfaces at accuracy to within millimeters. Combined with high-definition photography and traditional surveying techniques these data make it possible to create highly detailed media – photo textured animations, 3D fly-throughs – that digitally preserve our knowledge of heritage sites against natural disaster, war, and neglect, and make them accessible to the world. Among the sites already scanned are ancient sites in Mexico, the leaning tower of Pisa, and Mount Rushmore.
Ben Kacyra | Speaker | TED.com