TEDxBoston 2012
Noah Wilson-Rich: Every city needs healthy honey bees
Noah Wilson-Rich: Svakom gradu trebaju zdrave pčele
Filmed:
Readability: 3.4
850,068 views
Ubrzani i neobjašnjivi nestanak pčela u ruralnim područjima ostavlja velike posljedice na poljoprivredu. No, pčele zato uspijevaju u urbanim okruženjima -- a gradovima je potrebna njihova pomoć. Noah Wilson-Rich smatra da bi držanje pčela u gradovima moglo odigrati ulogu u revitalizaciji kako gradova tako i pčela. (Snimljeno na TEDx u Bostonu.)
Noah Wilson-Rich - Beekeeper
Noah Wilson-Rich studies bees and bee diseases. He founded Best Bees Company to support people who want to own and care for their own beehive. Full bio
Noah Wilson-Rich studies bees and bee diseases. He founded Best Bees Company to support people who want to own and care for their own beehive. Full bio
Double-click the English transcript below to play the video.
00:13
This man is wearing what we call
0
1552
2714
Ovaj čovjek nosi nešto što mi nazivamo
00:16
a bee beard. (Laughter)
1
4266
2770
pčela-bradom. (Smijeh)
00:19
A beard full of bees.
2
7036
1449
Bradu punu pčela.
00:20
Now, this is what many of you might picture
3
8485
3243
Ovako nešto vjerojatno mnogima od vas padne na pamet
00:23
when you think about honeybees, maybe insects,
4
11728
2973
kada razmišljate o pčelama, možda o kukcima,
00:26
or maybe anything that has more legs than two.
5
14701
3088
ili o bilo čemu što ima više od dvije noge.
00:29
And let me start by telling you, I gotcha.
6
17789
2658
I odmah ću vam reći, kužim vas.
00:32
I understand that. But, there are many things to know,
7
20447
4481
Razumijem to. Ali, postoje neke stvari koje bi trebali znati.
00:36
and I want you to open your minds here,
8
24928
2680
Želim da otvorite svoj um,
00:39
keep them open, and change your perspective about honeybees.
9
27608
3490
i da promijenite svoj pogled na pčele medarice.
00:43
Notice that this man is not getting stung.
10
31098
2965
Primijetiti ćete da ovog čovjeka pčele ne bodu.
00:46
He probably has a queen bee tied to his chin,
11
34063
3444
Vjerojatno na bradi ima pčelu maticu,
00:49
and the other bees are attracted to it.
12
37507
2119
koja onda privlači ostale pčele.
00:51
So this really demonstrates our relationship with honeybees,
13
39626
4036
Dakle ovo je demonstracija našeg odnosa sa pčelama,
00:55
and that goes deep back for thousands of years.
14
43662
3768
koji traje već tisućama godina.
00:59
We're very co-evolved, because we depend on bees
15
47430
3162
Koevoluirali smo, zato što mi ovisimo o pčelama,
01:02
for pollination and, even more recently,
16
50592
2960
za oprašivanje, a u novije doba,
01:05
as an economic commodity.
17
53552
1824
one su i trgovačka roba.
01:07
Many of you may have heard that honeybees are disappearing,
18
55376
2800
Mnogi od vas možda su čuli da pčele nestaju,
01:10
not just dying, but they're gone.
19
58176
2577
ne samo da umiru, već nestaju, nema ih.
01:12
We don't even find dead bodies.
20
60753
1802
Ne nalazimo čak ni mrtve pčele.
01:14
This is called colony collapse disorder,
21
62555
2371
To se naziva poremećaj kolapsa kolonija
01:16
and it's bizarre. Researchers around the globe
22
64926
2212
i bizaran je. Istraživači diljem svijeta
01:19
still do not know what's causing it,
23
67138
2446
još uvijek ne znaju šta ga uzrokuje
01:21
but what we do know is that, with the declining numbers
24
69584
2570
ali ono što znamo je da, sa opadanjem broja pčela,
01:24
of bees, the costs of over 130 fruit and vegetable crops
25
72154
4237
cijene preko 130 vrsta voća i povrća koji su naša hrana
01:28
that we rely on for food is going up in price.
26
76391
5007
rastu.
01:33
So honeybees are important for their role in the economy
27
81398
3758
Znači, pčele imaju važnu ulogu u ekonomiji,
01:37
as well as in agriculture.
28
85156
2025
jednako kao i u poljoprivredi.
01:39
Here you can see some pictures of what are called
29
87181
1819
Ovdje možete vidjeti neke fotografije tzv.
01:41
green roofs, or urban agriculture.
30
89000
2689
zelenih krovova, ili urbane poljoprivrede.
01:43
We're familiar with the image on the left that shows
31
91689
2278
Poznata vam je slika na lijevoj strani koja prikazuje
01:45
a local neighborhood garden in the South End.
32
93967
2784
vrt u susjedstvu u South Endu.
01:48
That's where I call home. I have a beehive in the backyard.
33
96751
2791
To ja zovem svojim domom. Imam košnicu u zadnjem dvorištu.
01:51
And perhaps a green roof in the future,
34
99542
2419
I možda ćemo u budućnosti na zelenim krovovima,
01:53
when we're further utilizing urban areas,
35
101961
1931
kada ćemo još više koristiti urbana područja,
01:55
where there are stacks of garden spaces.
36
103892
3458
imati i više prostora za vrtove.
01:59
Check out this image above the orange line in Boston.
37
107350
3353
Pogledajte ovu sliku iznad narančaste linije u Bostonu.
02:02
Try to spot the beehive. It's there.
38
110703
3477
Pokušajte uočiti košnicu. Tamo je.
02:06
It's on the rooftop, right on the corner there,
39
114180
2697
Na krovu, točno u kutu,
02:08
and it's been there for a couple of years now.
40
116877
2393
i tamo stoji već nekoliko godina.
02:11
The way that urban beekeeping currently operates
41
119270
3252
Način na koji urbani pčelari trenutno rade
02:14
is that the beehives are quite hidden,
42
122522
2591
je taj da pokušavaju što bolje sakriti košnice,
02:17
and it's not because they need to be.
43
125113
2027
ali ne zbog toga što moraju.
02:19
It's just because people are uncomfortable with the idea,
44
127140
2977
To rade zato što one ljudima izazivaju nelagodu
02:22
and that's why I want you today to try to think about this,
45
130117
3674
i zato želim da danas razmislite o ovome,
02:25
think about the benefits of bees in cities
46
133791
2283
razmislite o koristima od pčela u gradovima
02:28
and why they really are a terrific thing.
47
136074
2259
i zašto su one zapravo fantastične.
02:30
Let me give you a brief rundown on how pollination works.
48
138333
2970
Objasnit ću vam kako funkcionira oprašivanje.
02:33
So we know flowers, we know fruits and vegetables,
49
141303
2583
Dakle, znamo da se cvijeće, voće i povrće
02:35
even some alfalfa in hay that the livestock
50
143886
3206
pa čak i neke vrste djeteline potrebne za prehranu stoke
02:39
for the meats that we eat, rely on pollinators,
51
147092
2463
čije meso mi jedemo, oslanjaju na oprašivače,
02:41
but you've got male and female parts to a plant here,
52
149555
3433
no, imate muške i ženske dijelove biljke,
02:44
and basically pollinators are attracted to plants
53
152988
2890
i u suštini, oprašivače privlači nektar biljke
02:47
for their nectar, and in the process,
54
155878
3027
i u procesu oprašivanja,
02:50
a bee will visit some flowers and pick up some pollen,
55
158905
3375
pčela sleti na cvijet, prikuplja pelud,
02:54
or that male kind of sperm counterpart, along the way,
56
162280
3432
usput prikuplja i tu nekakvu inačicu sperme
02:57
and then travel to different flowers, and eventually
57
165712
2618
i onda putuje do drugačijih cvjetova, da bi u konačnici
03:00
an apple, in this case, will be produced.
58
168330
3119
dobili, u ovom slučaju, plod jabuke.
03:03
You can see the orientation. The stem is down.
59
171449
2267
Možete vidjeti položaj. Stabljika je dolje.
03:05
The blossom end has fallen off by the time we eat it,
60
173716
2954
Cvijet će otpasti,
03:08
but that's a basic overview of how pollination works.
61
176670
2858
i to je otprilike način na koji funkcionira oprašivanje.
03:11
And let's think about urban living, not today,
62
179528
2872
Sad razmislimo o životu u gradovima, ne danas,
03:14
and not in the past, but what about in a hundred years?
63
182400
2865
ne u prošlosti, već pogledajmo nekoliko stotina godina u budućnost,
03:17
What's it gonna look like? We have huge grand challenges
64
185265
3938
Kako će izgledati? Suočeni smo sa velikim izazovima
03:21
these days of habitat loss. We have more and more people,
65
189203
3930
kako gubimo staništa. Ima nas sve više,
03:25
billions of people, in 100 years, God knows how many people,
66
193133
3361
milijarde ljudi, za 100 godina sam Bog zna koliko ljudi,
03:28
and how little space there will be to fit all of them,
67
196494
3364
i koliko malo prostora da ih se smjesti.,
03:31
so we need to change the way that we see cities, and
68
199858
3422
i zato moramo promijeniti način na koji promatramo gradove,
03:35
looking at this picture on the left of New York City today,
69
203280
3363
i, ako pogledate sliku New Yorka danas,
03:38
you can see how gray and brown it is.
70
206643
1867
vidjet ćete da je siv i smeđ.
03:40
We have tar paper on the rooftops that bounces heat back
71
208510
3531
Na krovove stavljamo ter papir, koji odbija toplinu
03:44
into the atmosphere,
72
212041
2036
natrag u atmosferu,
03:46
contributing to global climate change, no doubt.
73
214077
2335
i bez sumnje pridonosi globalnim klimatskim promjenama.
03:48
What about in 100 years, if we have green rooftops
74
216412
2500
Kako bi bilo kada bi za stotinu godina imali zelene krovove
03:50
everywhere, and gardening, and we create our own crops
75
218912
3163
posvuda, i vrtlarstvo, i imali vlastite usjeve
03:54
right in the cities? We save on the costs of transportation,
76
222075
3803
upravo u gradovima? Uštedjeli bi na troškovima transporta,
03:57
we save on a healthier diet, and we also educate
77
225878
4096
uštedjeli bi zbog zdravije prehrane, educirali bi ljude
04:01
and create new jobs locally.
78
229974
1702
i stvarali lokalno nova radna mjesta.
04:03
We need bees for the future of our cities and urban living.
79
231676
4666
Pčele su nam potrebne zbog budućnosti naših gradova i života u njima.
04:08
Here's some data that we collected through our company
80
236342
3384
Evo nekih podataka koje je naša tvrtka Best Bees prikupila.
04:11
with Best Bees, where we deliver, install and manage
81
239726
2902
Mi dostavljamo, postavljamo i rukujemo
04:14
honeybee hives for anybody who wants them,
82
242628
2243
pčelinjim košnicama za svakoga tko to želi,
04:16
in the city, in the countryside, and we introduce honeybees,
83
244871
3517
u gradu, na selu, uvodimo pčele medarice,
04:20
and the idea of beekeeping in your own backyard or rooftop
84
248388
2859
i ideju o držanju pčela u vlastitom dvorištu ili na krovu
04:23
or fire escape, for even that matter,
85
251247
2481
pa čak i na požarnim stepenicama,
04:25
and seeing how simple it is and how possible it is.
86
253728
2774
i pokazujemo kako je to zapravo jednostavno i izvedivo.
04:28
There's a counterintuitive trend that we noticed
87
256502
2132
Primjetili smo jedan trend u brojevima, koji je suprotan intuiciji.
04:30
in these numbers. So let's look at the first metric here,
88
258634
3443
Pa, pogledajmo ove brojeve koji se odnose
04:34
overwintering survival.
89
262077
1400
na preživljavanje zime.
04:35
Now this has been a huge problem for many years,
90
263477
2825
Ovo je mnogo godina bio ogroman problem,
04:38
basically since the late 1980s, when the varroa mite came
91
266302
4060
zapravo od kasnih 80-tih, do pojave parazita varroa
04:42
and brought many different viruses, bacteria
92
270362
3376
koja je sa sobom donijela razne viruse, bakterije,
04:45
and fungal diseases with it.
93
273738
1804
i gljivična oboljenja.
04:47
Overwintering success is hard,
94
275542
1749
Uspješno prezimljavanje je teško,
04:49
and that's when most of the colonies are lost,
95
277291
2293
i zbog toga gubimo mnoge kolonije,
04:51
and we found that in the cities, bees are surviving
96
279584
2666
a mi smo otkrili da u gradovima, pčele preživljavaju
04:54
better than they are in the country.
97
282250
2348
bolje nego na selu.
04:56
A bit counterintuitive, right?
98
284598
2228
Niste to očekivali, jelda?
04:58
We think, oh, bees, countryside, agriculture,
99
286826
2082
Mi razmišljamo, oh, pčele, selo, poljoprivreda,
05:00
but that's not what the bees are showing.
100
288908
2227
ali to nije ono što nam pčele pokazuju.
05:03
The bees like it in the city. (Laughter)
101
291135
2149
Pčelama je lijepo u gradu. (Smijeh)
05:05
Furthermore, they also produce more honey.
102
293284
3147
Nadalje, također proizvode više meda.
05:08
The urban honey is delicious.
103
296431
2569
Gradski med je izuzetno ukusan.
05:11
The bees in Boston on the rooftop of the Seaport Hotel,
104
299000
3097
Pčele u Bostonu, na krovu Seaport Hotela,
05:14
where we have hundreds of thousands of bees
105
302097
2472
gdje imamo na stotine tisuća pčela
05:16
flying overheard right now
106
304569
1503
koje upravo lete iznad naših glava,
05:18
that I'm sure none of you noticed when we walked by,
107
306072
2305
i koje, siguran sam, nitko od vas nije primjetio,
05:20
are going to all of the local community gardens
108
308377
2310
lete do svih lokalnih vrtova,
05:22
and making delicious, healthy honey
109
310687
2399
i rade ukusan, zdrav med
05:25
that just tastes like the flowers in our city.
110
313086
3028
koji ima okus cvijeća u našem gradu.
05:28
So the yield for urban hives, in terms of honey production,
111
316114
4787
Dakle, prinos urbanih košnica, u smislu dobivenog meda,
05:32
is higher as well as the overwintering survival,
112
320901
3115
veći je, a veći je i postotak prezimljavanja
05:36
compared to rural areas.
113
324016
1374
u usporedbi sa ruralnim područjima.
05:37
Again, a bit counterintuitive.
114
325390
2002
Opet, ne bismo to očekivali.
05:39
And looking back historically at the timeline
115
327392
3321
Kada pogledamo zdravlje pčela u prošlosti
05:42
of honeybee health, we can go back to the year 950 and see
116
330713
4276
možemo otići natrag do 950. godine i vidjet ćemo
05:46
that there was also a great mortality of bees in Ireland.
117
334989
3048
da je tada u Irskoj isto postojao problem ugibanja pčela.
05:50
So the problems of bees today isn't necessarily
118
338037
3151
Dakle, problem sa pčelama danas ne mora biti
05:53
something new. It has been happening
119
341188
2625
nešto novo. Isto to se dešavalo i
05:55
since over a thousand years ago,
120
343813
2067
prije više od tisuću godina,
05:57
but what we don't really notice are these problems in cities.
121
345880
3697
ali ono što ne primjećujemo su ti problemi u gradovima.
06:01
So one thing I want to encourage you to think about
122
349577
2028
Želio bih da razmislite o jednoj stvari,
06:03
is the idea of what an urban island is.
123
351605
2402
o ideji urbanog otoka.
06:06
You think in the city maybe the temperature's warmer.
124
354007
3396
Možda mislite da je u gradovima toplije.
06:09
Why are bees doing better in the city?
125
357403
1579
Zašto je pčelama bolje u gradu?
06:10
This is a big question now to help us understand
126
358982
2672
To je vrlo važno pitanje, treba nam pomoći shvatiti
06:13
why they should be in the city.
127
361654
2321
zašto bi pčele trebale biti u gradu.
06:15
Perhaps there's more pollen in the city.
128
363975
2022
Možda je u gradu više peluda.
06:17
With the trains coming in to urban hubs, they can
129
365997
2216
Možda vlakovi koji dolaze u gradska središta
06:20
carry pollen with them, very light pollen,
130
368213
2579
sa sobom donose i pelud
06:22
and it's just a big supermarket in the city.
131
370792
2337
i onda je to pčelama jedan veliki supermarket.
06:25
A lot of linden trees live along the railroad tracks.
132
373129
3827
Uz željezničke pruge raste mnogo drveća lipe.
06:28
Perhaps there are fewer pesticides in the cities
133
376956
2766
Možda u gradu ima manje pesticida
06:31
than there are in [rural] areas.
134
379722
2218
nego u ruralnim područjima.
06:33
Perhaps there are other things that we're just not thinking about yet,
135
381940
2852
Možda su u pitanju neke stvari o kojima još ni ne razmišljamo,
06:36
but that's one idea to think about, urban islands.
136
384792
2607
ali urbani otoci su ideja o kojoj valja razmisliti.
06:39
And colony collapse disorder is not the only thing
137
387399
3924
Poremećaj kolapsa kolonija nije jedina stvar
06:43
affecting honeybees. Honeybees are dying,
138
391323
2902
koja pogađa pčele. Pčele umiru,
06:46
and it's a huge, huge grand challenge of our time.
139
394225
3704
i danas nam to predstavlja ogroman, ogroman izazov.
06:49
What you can see up here is a map of the world,
140
397929
2472
Ovdje možete vidjeti kartu svijeta,
06:52
and we're tracking the spread of this varroa mite.
141
400401
3072
mi pratimo širenje varroa grinje.
06:55
Now, the varroa mite is what changed the game
142
403473
2688
Varroa je promijenila pravila igre u pčelarstvu,
06:58
in beekeeping, and you can see, at the top right,
143
406161
2855
i možete vidjeti, u desnom gornjem kutu,
07:01
the years are changing, we're coming up to modern times,
144
409016
3263
godine se izmjenjuju, dolazimo do modernog doba,
07:04
and you can see the spread of the varroa mite
145
412279
2330
i vidite širenje varroa grinje
07:06
from the early 1900s through now.
146
414609
2651
od ranih 1900-tih naovamo.
07:09
It's 1968, and we're pretty much covering Asia.
147
417260
2951
Sada je 1968. i Azija je manje-više pokrivena.
07:12
1971, we saw it spread to Europe and South America,
148
420211
4062
1971. vidjeli smo kako se proširila na Europu i Južnu Ameriku,
07:16
and then, when we get to the 1980s,
149
424273
4388
i tada, kada dođemo do 1980-tih,
07:20
and specifically to 1987, the varroa mite finally came
150
428661
4234
posebno 1987.godine, varroa grinja je konačno stigla
07:24
to North America and to the United States,
151
432895
2382
i u Sjevernu Ameriku i u SAD,
07:27
and that is when the game changed
152
435277
2456
i tada su se pravila igre promijenila
07:29
for honeybees in the United States.
153
437733
2681
i za pčele u SAD-u.
07:32
Many of us will remember our childhood growing up,
154
440414
2088
Mnogi od nas se sjećaju odrastanja, djetinjstva,
07:34
maybe you got stung by a bee, you saw bees on flowers.
155
442502
2226
možda vas je ubola pčela, vidjeli biste pčelu na cvijetu.
07:36
Think of the kids today. Their childhood's a bit different.
156
444728
3938
Razmislite o današnjoj djeci. Njihovo je djetinjstvo malo drugačije.
07:40
They don't experience this.
157
448666
1924
Oni nemaju takvih iskustava.
07:42
The bees just aren't around anymore.
158
450590
2500
Jednostavno, pčela nema.
07:45
So we need bees and they're disappearing and it's a big problem.
159
453090
3440
Dakle, pčele nam trebaju, a nestaju, i to je veliki problem.
07:48
What can we do here?
160
456530
1705
Što možemo učiniti?
07:50
So, what I do is honeybee research.
161
458235
2565
Dakle, ja proučavam pčele.
07:52
I got my Ph.D. studying honeybee health.
162
460800
2093
Obranio sam doktorat na temu zdravlja pčela.
07:54
I started in 2005 studying honeybees.
163
462893
3465
Počeo sam ih proučavati 2005.godine.
07:58
In 2006, honeybees started disappearing,
164
466358
2342
u 2006., pčele su počele nestajati.
08:00
so suddenly, like, this little nerd kid
165
468700
2361
I iznenada je taj jedan čudan klinac,
08:03
going to school working with bugs — (Laughter) —
166
471061
2617
koji svaki dan odlazi u školu da bi radio s kukcima -- (Smijeh) --
08:05
became very relevant in the world.
167
473678
2093
postao jako važan u svijetu.
08:07
And it worked out that way.
168
475771
1081
Tako je to ispalo.
08:08
So my research focuses on ways to make bees healthier.
169
476852
3999
U svojim sam istraživanjima fokusiran na to kako pčele napraviti zdravijima.
08:12
I don't research what's killing the bees, per se.
170
480851
2791
Zapravo, ne istražujem direktno što je to što ubija pčele.
08:15
I'm not one of the many researchers around the world
171
483642
2183
Nisam jedan od mnogobrojnih stručnjaka na svijetu
08:17
who's looking at the effects of pesticides or diseases
172
485825
3071
koji promatraju utjecaje pesticida ili bolesti
08:20
or habitat loss and poor nutrition on bees.
173
488896
2552
ili gubitka staništa ili slabe prehrane na pčele.
08:23
We're looking at ways to make bees healthier
174
491448
1993
Mi tražimo načine da ih napravimo zdravijima,
08:25
through vaccines, through yogurt, like probiotics,
175
493441
3631
uz pomoć cjepiva, probiotičkih jogurta,
08:29
and other types of therapies in ways that can be fed orally to bees,
176
497072
4800
i ostalih vrsta terapija koje se mogu pčelama davati oralno,
08:33
and this process is so easy, even a 7-year-old can do it.
177
501872
3035
a postupak je tako jednostavan, da ga mogu raditi i djeca.
08:36
You just mix up some pollen, sugar and water,
178
504907
2360
Samo izmiješate malo peludi, šećera i vode,
08:39
and whatever active ingredient you want to put in,
179
507267
1802
i aktivni sastojak kojeg želite dodati,
08:41
and you just give it right to the bees. No chemicals involved,
180
509069
2198
i jednostavno ga date pčelama. Proces je bez kemikalija,
08:43
just immune boosters.
181
511267
2170
i sadrži samo podizače imuniteta.
08:45
Humans think about our own health in a prospective way.
182
513437
2200
Ljudi o svom zdravlju razmišljaju na prospektivan način.
08:47
We exercise, we eat healthy, we take vitamins.
183
515637
2660
Vježbamo, zdravo se hranimo, uzimamo vitamine.
08:50
Why don't we think about honeybees in that same type of way?
184
518297
3043
Zašto na jednak način ne razmišljamo o pčelama?
08:53
Bring them to areas where they're thriving
185
521340
2566
Uvedimo ih u područja u kojima će napredovati
08:55
and try to make them healthier before they get sick.
186
523906
3436
i probajmo ih napraviti zdravijima prije nego što se razbole.
08:59
I spent many years in grad school trying to poke bees and do vaccines
187
527342
4189
Proveo sam mnogo godina na postdiplomskom studiju, pokušavajući bockati pčele iglom,
09:03
with needles. (Laughter) Like, years,
188
531531
3342
da bi ih cijepio. (Smijeh) Godine i godine
09:06
years at the bench, "Oh my gosh, it's 3 a.m.
189
534873
2302
za klupom, 'Oh, bože, 3 su sata ujutro,
09:09
and I'm still pricking bees." (Laughter)
190
537175
1351
a ja još uvijek bockam pčele.' (Smijeh)
09:10
And then one day I said, "Why don't we just do an oral vaccine?"
191
538526
3874
A onda sam jedan dan rekao: 'Zašto ne dajemo cjepivo oralnim putem?'
09:14
It's like, "Ugh," so that's what we do. (Laughter)
192
542400
4648
Bio je to trenutak olakšanja, i sada to radimo. (Smijeh)
09:19
I'd love to share with you some images of urban beehives,
193
547048
3188
Volio bih sa vama podijeliti nekoliko slika urbanih košnica,
09:22
because they can be anything.
194
550236
2482
zbog toga što one mogu biti bilo što.
09:24
I mean, really open your mind with this.
195
552718
1903
Mislim, zaista, otvorite umove.
09:26
You can paint a hive to match your home.
196
554621
2174
Košnicu možete obojiti u boju koja paše s bojom vaše kuće.
09:28
You can hide a hive inside your home.
197
556795
3370
Možete ju sakriti unutar svog doma.
09:32
These are three hives on the rooftop
198
560165
1812
Ovo ovdje su tri košnice sakrivene na krovu
09:33
of the Fairmont Copley Plaza Hotel,
199
561977
2111
Fairmont Copley Plaza hotela,
09:36
and they're beautiful here. I mean, we matched
200
564088
2460
i prekrasne su. Uparili smo
09:38
the new color of the inside of their rooms to do
201
566548
2681
i boje unutar njihovih sobica
09:41
some type of a stained wood with blue for their sheets,
202
569229
3237
neka vrsta umrljanog drveta i plavo za plahte,
09:44
and these bees are terrific, and they also will use
203
572466
3019
i ovim pčelama je super,
09:47
herbs that are growing in the garden.
204
575485
2606
također, koristiti će bilje koje raste u vrtu.
09:50
That's what the chefs go to to use for their cooking,
205
578091
3099
I tu šefovi kuhinja odlaze po svoje namirnice,
09:53
and the honey -- they do live events --
206
581190
1879
a med --imaju čak i evente 'u živo'--
09:55
they'll use that honey at their bars.
207
583069
2138
med će koristiti u svojim barovima.
09:57
Honey is a great nutritional substitute for regular sugar
208
585207
2620
Med je izvrsna zamjena običnom šećeru,
09:59
because there are different types of sugars in there.
209
587827
2127
zato što sadrži više različitih vrsta šećera.
10:01
We also have a classroom hives project,
210
589954
2377
Također imamo i projekt košnica u učionicama,
10:04
where -- this is a nonprofit venture --
211
592331
2652
u kojima -- radi se o neprofitnim akcijama --
10:06
we're spreading the word around the world for how
212
594983
3117
širimo znanje po cijelom svijetu o tome da
10:10
honeybee hives can be taken into the classroom
213
598100
2285
se košnice pčela mogu unijeti u učionice
10:12
or into the museum setting, behind glass,
214
600385
2306
ili u postave muzeja, iza stakla,
10:14
and used as an educational tool.
215
602691
2408
i koristiti kao alat za podučavanje.
10:17
This hive that you see here has been
216
605099
1624
Ova košnica koju ovdje vidite već mnogo godina stoji
10:18
in Fenway High School for many years now.
217
606723
2551
u srednjoj školi Fenway High School.
10:21
The bees fly right into the outfield of Fenway Park.
218
609274
1959
Pčele lete po školskom parku.
10:23
Nobody notices it. If you're not a flower,
219
611233
1955
Nitko to ne primjećuje. Osim ako niste cvijet,
10:25
these bees do not care about you. (Laughter)
220
613188
2621
pčele baš i ne briga za vas. (Smijeh)
10:27
They don't. They don't. They'll say,
221
615809
2371
Ne briga ih. Reći će,
10:30
"S'cuse me, flying around." (Laughter)
222
618180
2911
'Oprostite, malo letim naokolo.' (Smijeh)
10:33
Some other images here in telling a part of the story
223
621091
2563
Evo još slika koje nam pričaju priču
10:35
that really made urban beekeeping terrific is
224
623654
2638
koja zaista čine urbano pčelarstvo fenomenalnim
10:38
in New York City, beekeeping was illegal until 2010.
225
626292
3364
zato što je u New Yorku pčelarstvo bilo ilegalno do 2010.g.
10:41
That's a big problem, because what's going to pollinate
226
629656
3337
To je veliki problem, jer, tko će oprašivati
10:44
all of the gardens and the produce locally? Hands?
227
632993
3424
sve vrtove u okolici? Hoćemo li to raditi ručno?
10:48
I mean, locally in Boston, there is a terrific company
228
636417
3356
Evo, u Bostonu, imate odličnu tvrtku,
10:51
called Green City Growers, and they are going
229
639773
2405
zove se Green City Growers, i oni će vam ručno
10:54
and pollinating their squash crops by hand with Q-Tips,
230
642178
3511
oprašivati usjeve tikvica sa svojim štapićima
10:57
and if they miss that three day window, there's no fruit.
231
645689
2554
no, ako im promakne taj period od tri dana, plodova nema.
11:00
Their clients aren't happy, and people go hungry.
232
648243
2903
Klijenti su nezadovoljni, a ljudi gladni.
11:03
So this is important.
233
651146
1868
Zato je to važno.
11:05
We have also some images of honey from Brooklyn.
234
653014
2107
Imam i neke slike meda iz Brooklyna.
11:07
Now, this was a mystery in the New York Times
235
655121
1952
Ovo je bila zagonetka objavljena u New York Timesu.
11:09
where the honey was very red, and the
236
657073
1848
Naime, med je bio jako crven, čak su došli djelatnici
11:10
New York State forensics department came in
237
658921
1524
iz odjela za forenziku države New York
11:12
and they actually did some science to match
238
660445
2602
i onda su pokušali znanstveno usporediti
11:15
the red dye with that found
239
663047
2520
boju meda sa crvenom bojom nađenom u tvornici,
11:17
in a maraschino cherry factory down the street. (Laughter)
240
665567
3251
malo dalje, koja prerađuje maraschino trešnje. (Smijeh)
11:20
So you can tailor your honey to taste however you want
241
668818
3398
Dakle, možete dobiti različite okuse meda
11:24
by planting bee-friendly flowers.
242
672216
2295
ovisno o tome koje vrste cvijeća sadite.
11:26
Paris has been a terrific model for urban beekeeping.
243
674511
2738
Pariz je fantastičan primjer držanja pčela u gradovima.
11:29
They've had hives on the rooftop of their opera house
244
677249
2550
Već niz godina maju košnice na krovu operne kuće
11:31
for many years now, and that's what really got people started, thinking,
245
679799
2936
i to je potaklo ljude na razmišljanje,
11:34
"Wow, we can do this, and we should do this."
246
682735
3468
'Vau, mi to možemo, i trebali bi to raditi.'
11:38
Also in London, and in Europe across the board,
247
686203
2833
U Londonu, a također i u Europi,
11:41
they're very advanced in their use of green rooftops
248
689036
3252
su zaista napredni u korištenju zelenih krovova
11:44
and integrating beehives,
249
692288
2498
i u integraciji košnica.
11:46
and I'll show you an ending note here.
250
694786
3181
I na kraju,
11:49
I would like to encourage you to open your mind.
251
697967
2075
želim vas potaknuti da otvorite svoje umove.
11:52
What can you do to save the bees or to help them
252
700042
3161
Što vi možete učiniti da bi spasili pčele, ili da im pomognete?
11:55
or to think of sustainable cities in the future?
253
703203
3791
Kako da stvorimo održive gradove u budućnosti?
11:58
Well, really, just change your perspective.
254
706994
1970
Pa, zapravo treba samo promijeniti perspektivu.
12:00
Try to understand that bees are very important.
255
708964
1974
Trebamo shvatiti da su pčele izuzetno važne.
12:02
A bee isn't going to sting you if you see it.
256
710938
2411
Pčela vas neće ubosti ako je vidite.
12:05
The bee dies. Honeybees die when they sting,
257
713349
3314
Pčela umire. Pčele medarice umiru kada ubodu,
12:08
so they don't want to do it either. (Laughter)
258
716663
2442
tako da im baš i nije do toga. (Smijeh)
12:11
It's nothing to panic about. They're all over the city.
259
719105
4090
To nije nikakav razlog za paniku. Ima ih po cijelom gradu.
12:15
You could even get your own hive if you want.
260
723195
2102
Mogli bi i vi dobiti svoju košnicu, ukoliko to želite.
12:17
There are great resources available,
261
725297
1728
Postoje odlična raspoloživa sredstva,
12:19
and there are even companies that will help get you set up and mentor you
262
727025
2951
pa čak i tvrtke koje će vam pomoći da počnete i koje će vas voditi , podučiti
12:21
and it's important for our educational system in the world
263
729981
3126
i važno je da obrazovni sustavi u cijelom svijetu
12:25
for students to learn about agriculture worldwide
264
733107
2686
podučavaju studente o agrikulturi,
12:27
such as this little girl, who, again, is not even getting stung.
265
735793
3835
kao ova mala curica, koju, ponavljam, pčele uopće ne bodu.
12:31
Thank you. (Applause)
266
739628
2354
Hvala vam. (Pljesak)
ABOUT THE SPEAKER
Noah Wilson-Rich - BeekeeperNoah Wilson-Rich studies bees and bee diseases. He founded Best Bees Company to support people who want to own and care for their own beehive.
Why you should listen
Noah Wilson-Rich founded Best Bees Company in his Boston apartment while getting his Ph.D. at Tufts University. Best Bees supplies gardeners and any other interested parties in the Boston area with beehives, as well as the resources, materials and appropriate consultation for their upkeep. This service is a nontraditional means of raising money for research to improve honey bee health. Profits from installing and managing these honey beehives goes to fund Wilson-Rich's research into bee diseases.
Noah Wilson-Rich | Speaker | TED.com